• 168.50 KB
  • 2021-10-12 发布

初中英语人教版九年级上册知识点整理

  • 26页
  • 当前文档由用户上传发布,收益归属用户
  1. 1、本文档由用户上传,淘文库整理发布,可阅读全部内容。
  2. 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方,所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议,请立即联系网站客服。
  3. 3、本文档由用户上传,本站不保证质量和数量令人满意,可能有诸多瑕疵,付费之前,请仔细阅读内容确认后进行付费下载。
  4. 网站客服QQ:403074932
九年级英语上册知识点整理 Unit1 How can we become good learners?‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. have conversation with sb.  同某人谈话 ‎2. too…to…  太……而不能 ‎3. the secret to…  ……的秘诀 ‎4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth.  害怕做某事 ‎5. look up  查阅 ‎6. repeat out loud  大声跟读 ‎7. make mistakes in  在……方面犯错误 ‎8. connect ……with…   把……和……连接/联系起来 ‎9. get bored  感到厌烦 ‎10. be stressed out  焦虑不安的 ‎11. pay attention to  注意;关注 ‎12. depend on  取决于;依靠 ‎13. the ability to do sth..  做某事的能力 ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. by + doing 通过……方式(by是介词,后面要跟动名词,也就是动词的ing形式)‎ ‎2. talk about 谈论,议论,讨论 The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。‎ talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话 ‎3. 提建议的句子:‎ ‎①What/ how about +doing sth.?  做…怎么样?(about后面要用动词的ing形式,这一点考试考的比较多)‎ 如:What/ How about going shopping?‎ ‎②Why don't you + do sth.?   你为什么不做…?‎ 如:Why don't you go shopping?‎ ‎③Why not + do sth. ?   为什么不做…?‎ 如:Why not go shopping?‎ ‎④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…...吧。‎ 如:Let's go shopping ‎⑤Shall we/I + do sth.?  我们/我...…好吗?‎ 如:Shall we/I go shopping?‎ ‎4. a lot 许多,常用于句末。‎ 如:I eat a lot.  我吃了许多。‎ ‎5. too…to... 太…...而不能 ‎ 常用的句型:too+形容词/副词+ to do sth.‎ 如:I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说。‎ ‎6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法,三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。‎ ‎①aloud是副词,通常放在动词之后。‎ ‎②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。‎ 如:She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。‎ ‎③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,可位于动词之前或之后。‎ 如:He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。‎ ‎7. not…at all 一点也不,根本不 26‎ 如:I like milk very much, but I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶,但是我一点也不喜欢咖啡。‎ not经常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾。‎ ‎8. be/get excited about sth.  对…...感到兴奋 ‎9. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事,结束做某事 如:The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。‎ ‎② end up with sth. 以…结束(注意介词with)‎ 如:The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。‎ ‎10. first of all 首先(这个短语可用在作文中,使得文章有层次)‎ ‎11.  also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中间 either 也(用于否定句)常在句末 too  也 (用于肯定句)常在句末  (它们三个的区分要清楚,尤其要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的位置)‎ ‎12. make mistakes 犯错 如:I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。‎ make a mistake 犯一个错误 如:I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。‎ ‎13. laugh at sb.  笑话;取笑(某人)(常见短语)‎ 如:Don't laugh at me!  不要取笑我!‎ ‎14. take notes 做笔记,做记录 ‎15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…,乐意做…(这是一个非常重要的考点)‎ 如:She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。‎ enjoy oneself  过得愉快 如:He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。‎ ‎16. native speaker 说本族语的人 ‎17. make up 组成、构成 ‎18. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式 : …其中之一(这一题主要考两点,一是最高级,一是名词复数,大家做题的时候要小心)‎ 如:She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。‎ ‎19. It's +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth (对于某人来说)做某事…‎ 如:It's difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。‎ 句中的it 是形式主语,真正的主语是to study English。‎ ‎20. practice doing 练习做某事 (practice后面接动名词,这一点有可能考到)‎ 如:She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。‎ ‎21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事(重要考点,大家需要记住decide后面跟的是不定式,也就是to do)‎ 如:LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。‎ ‎22. unless 如果不,除非,引导条件状语从句 如:You will fail unless you work hard. 假如你不努力你就会失败。‎ ‎23. deal with 处理    如:I dealt with a lot of problem.‎ ‎24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事 如:Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。‎ ‎25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 ‎26. perhaps = maybe 也许 ‎27. go by (时间) 过去 .   如:Two years went by. 两年过去了。‎ ‎28.  see sb / sth doing 看见某人正在做某事(如果是看到正在做什么,要用动词ing形式,考的较多的也是动词ing形式)‎ 如:She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。‎ 26‎ ‎29. each other 彼此 ‎30. regard… as … ;把…...看作为...…‎ 如:The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。‎ ‎31. too many 许多,修饰可数名词   如:too many girls too much 许多,修饰不可数名词   如:too much milk(要区分too many 和 too much只要记住它们修饰什么词就可以了)‎ much too 太,修饰形容词    如:much too beautiful(too much和much too意思不同,大家不要混淆它们的意思,这种单词容易出解析题)‎ ‎32.change…into…  将…变为…‎ ‎33. with the help of sb. = with one's help  在某人的帮助下(注意介词of和with,容易出题)‎ 如:with the help of LiLei = with LiLei's help 在李雷的帮助下 ‎34. compare…to… 把…比作...(另外,大家要注意另一个短语,compare...with...,这也是一个重要的短语,意思是:拿…和…比较)‎ ‎35. instead 代替 用在句末,副词 instead of sth/doing sth 代替,而不是 (这个地方考的较多的就是instead of doing sth,也是就说如果of后面跟动词,要用动名词形式,也就是动词的ing形式)‎ 如:I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。‎ Unit2 I think that moon cakes are delicious!‎ ‎【短语归纳】‎ ‎1. the Lantern Festival 元宵节 ‎2. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节 ‎3. the Water Festival 泼水节 ‎4. be fun to watch 看着很有意思 ‎5. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐 ‎6. put on five pounds 体重增加了五磅 ‎7. in two weeks 两星期之后 ‎8. be similar to... 与.......相似 ‎17. end up最终成为;最后处于 ‎18. share sth. with sb. 与……分享……‎ ‎19. as a result 结果 ‎20. dress up 乔装打扮 ‎21. haunted house 鬼屋 ‎22. call out  大声呼喊 ‎23. remind sb. of  使某人想起 ‎24. sound like  听起来像 ‎25. treat sb. with. 用/以……对待某人 ‎26. the beginning of new life 新生命的开始 ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. What + a(n) + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语+其他)! 多么……的……!‎ ‎2. How + 形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)! ……多么……!‎ ‎3. be going to 将要/打算……‎ ‎4. in + 时间段 在……后 ‎5. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物;把某物给某人 ‎6. plan to do sth.  计划做某事 ‎7. refuse to do sth.  拒绝做某事 26‎ ‎8. one of + 名词复数形式  ……之一 ‎【重点语法】‎ 一. 宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。三大考点:引导词、时态和语序。其中,语序必须是陈述句语序。‎ ‎1. 常由下面的一些词引导:‎ ‎①由that 引导,表示陈述意义,that可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。‎ ‎②由if , whether引导,表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)‎ I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。‎ ‎③由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导,表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy?  你知道他想要买什么吗?‎ ‎2. 从句时态要与主句一致 当主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何时态 当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)‎ He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。‎ I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。‎ She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。‎ Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来?‎ 二. 感叹句 感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。‎ 感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。现分述如下:‎ ‎1. 由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种:‎ ‎①可用句型:“ What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:‎ What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊!‎ ‎②可用句型:“ What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:‎ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊!‎ ‎③可用句型:“ What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:‎ What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊!‎ ‎2. 由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:‎ ‎①可用句型:“ How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语+ 其他!”。如:‎ How careful she is! 她多么细心啊!‎ How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊!‎ ‎②可用句型:“ How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如:‎ How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!‎ ‎③可用句型:“ How+主语+谓语!”。如:‎ How time flies! 光阴似箭!‎ ‎3. 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如:‎ How beautiful a girl she is! = What a beautiful girl she is!‎ What delicious cakes these are! = How delicious these cakes are!‎ Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?‎ ‎【重要短语】‎ ‎1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 26‎ ‎2. be afraid of 害怕 ‎3. from time to time 时常;有时 ‎4. turn red 变红 ‎5. take up 开始做,从事,占据(时间、空间)‎ ‎6. deal with 对付;应付 ‎7. not…any more 不再 ‎8. tons of attention 很多关注 ‎9. worry about 担心 ‎10. be careful 当心 ‎11. hang out 闲逛 ‎12. give up 放弃 ‎13. thank about 考虑 ‎14. a very small number of… 极少数的……‎ ‎15. be alone 独处 ‎16. give a speech 做演讲 ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. ①问路常用的句子:‎ Do you know where is … ?‎ Can you tell me how can I get to …?‎ Could you tell me how to get to …?‎ ‎②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.  表示十分客气地询问事情 ‎③Could you tell me how to get to the park?  请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗?‎ 上面句子中的how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用,用作宾语,但不是宾语从句(这一点要搞清楚,它不是宾语从句),相当于how I can get to the park(宾语从句)‎ I don't know how to solve the problem=I don't know how I can solve the problem.  我不知道如何解决这个问题 Can you tell me when to leave? =Can you tell me when I will leave?   你能告诉我什么时候离开?‎ ‎2. 日常交际用语:‎ take the elevator / escalator to the … floor 乘电梯/自动扶梯到…楼 turn left / right == take a left / right  向左/ 右转 go straight  向前直走(straight这个词经常考)‎ ‎3. next to 旁边、紧接着(常见短语)‎ Lily is next to Ann.  莉莉就在安的旁边。‎ ‎4. between…and… 在…和…之间 Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。‎ ‎5. Is that a good place to hang out?  那是不是一个闲荡的好地方?‎ 上面句子中的to hang out修饰前面的名词place,是不定式作定语。‎ ‎6. expensive 贵的    反义词:inexpensive 不贵的 ‎7. crowded 拥挤的  反义词:uncrowded 不拥挤的 ‎8. take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假 ‎9. dress up 打扮     dress up as 打扮成 He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas. 他想要打扮成圣诞老人。‎ ‎10. on the beach  在海滩上,介词用 on ‎11. depend on  根据、依靠、依赖、取决于 Living things depend on the sunlight. 生物对阳光有依赖性。‎ That depends on how you did it. 那取决于你怎样做这件事。‎ ‎12. prefer 动词,更喜欢、宁愿,常用的结构有:‎ 26‎ prefer sth. 更喜欢某事 I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。‎ prefer doing/to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。‎ prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜欢…‎ I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。‎ prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着。‎ prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。‎ ‎(我再次强调一下,prefer的用法真的很重要,这不是开玩笑~)‎ ‎13. on the other hand  另一方面(一方面:on one hand. 对于这样的短语大家完全可以放在作文中,这样可以使文章增色不少)‎ ‎14. 把…借给某人:lend sb. sth. =  lend sth to sb.(反义词:borrow..from..)‎ Lily lent me her book = Lily lent her book to me . 莉莉把她的书借给了我。‎ ‎15. I'm sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。‎ ‎16. in a way 在某种程度说 ‎17. in order to do srh  为了…, 表目的。‎ He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床,是为了赶上头班公共汽车。‎ ‎18. 同级比较:as…as...‎ as + 形容词/副词原级 + as , 表示“和…一样的…”‎ He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。‎ ‎【重点语法】宾语从句(见Unit2重点语法部分)‎ Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark.‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. be more interested in  对…更感兴趣 ‎2. on the swim team  游泳队的队员 ‎3. be terrified of 害怕 ‎4. gym class 体操课 ‎5. worry about 担心 ‎6. all the time 一直,总是 ‎7. chat with  与…闲聊 ‎8. hardly ever  几乎从不 ‎9. walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上学 take the bus to school = go to school by bus  乘车去上学 ‎10. as well as  不仅…而且...‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 (这个知识点考的很多,大家要注意这个短语的意思,还要记着used后面用的是不定式to do)‎ 如:He used to play football after school.‎ 放学后他过去常常踢足球。‎ ‎2. play the piano  弹钢琴(play后面如果跟西洋乐器,大家记住,中间要加the,如果是中国乐器,不加the,如:play erhu)‎ ‎3. ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣 ‎②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣(对于这两个用法大家一定要掌握,切记切记)‎ 如:He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他 26‎ 对数学感兴趣,但是他对说英语不感兴趣。‎ ‎4. interested adj. 感兴趣的,指人对某事物感兴趣,往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的,指某事物/某人具有趣味,主语往往是物(对于interested和interesting要区分清楚,一个主语往往是人,一个主语往往是物)‎ ‎5. be terrified of sth. 害怕……  如:I am terrified of the dog.‎ be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做……  如:I am terrified of speaking.‎ ‎6. spend  动词,表示“花费金钱、时间”(spend和pay for它们的主语都是人,这一点大家要清楚)‎ ‎①spend…on sth.  在某事上花费(金钱、时间)(重要考点)‎ ‎②spend…(in)doing sth.  花费(金钱、时间)去做某事 (重要考点,尤其要注意动名词,也就是动词的ing形式)‎ 如:He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着上。‎ He spend 3 months (in) building the bridge.  他花费了三个月去建这座桥。‎ ‎7. take : 动词 ,有“花费时间”的意思,常用的结构有:‎ It takes sb to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间(在这个用法中,主语经常是it,这一点要清楚,大家仔细看一下下面的例子)。‎ 如:It takes me a day to read the book.‎ ‎8. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 如:I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。‎ ‎9. worry about sb./sth.  担心某人/某事 , worry 是动词 be worried about sb./sth.  担心某人/某事 , worried 是形容词 如:Don't worry about him. 不用担心他。‎ Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。‎ ‎10. all the time 一直,始终 ‎11. take sb. to + 地方  送/带某人去某个地方 如:A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。‎ ‎12. hardly  adv. 几乎不、没有。hardly 修饰动词时,通常放在助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前,‎ 如:I can hardly understand them.  我几乎不能够明白他们。‎ I hardly have time to do it.  我几乎没有时间去做了。‎ ‎13. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内,常与完成时连用   如:‎ I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。‎ ‎14. be different from 与...…不同(常见考点,考的最多的是它的意思,大家只需要记住它的意思,做题的时候具体问题再具体分析即可)‎ ‎15. 不定式与疑问词连用:动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用,构成不定式短语。‎ 如:The question is when to start.  问题是什么时候开始。‎ I don't know where to go.  我不知道去哪。‎ ‎16. make sb./sth. + 形容词  make you happy make sb./sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh ‎17. move to +地方  搬到某地 如:I moved to Beijing last year.‎ ‎18. it seems that +从句 看起来好像……  (重要考点)‎ 如:It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。‎ ‎19.  help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人(注意介词with,在某方面帮助要用这个介词)‎ help sb(to)do sth. 帮某人做某事(to经常省略)‎ She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。‎ She helped me(to)study English. 她帮助我学习英语。‎ ‎20. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 26‎ ‎ ,15岁的(有一点要提醒大家,中间的year用的是单数)如:a fifteen-year-old boy 一个15岁的男孩 fifteen years old 指年龄,15岁。‎ ‎21. can't afford to do sth. 支付不起……‎ can't afford sth. 支付不起…‎ 如:I can't afford to buy the car.=I can't afford the car.  我买不起这个辆小车。‎ ‎22. as + 形容词/副词+ as sb+could/can  尽某人所能 如:Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。‎ ‎23. get into trouble with  遇到麻烦 ‎24. in the end  最后 ‎25. make a decision :下决定,下决心 ‎26. to one's surprise :令某人惊讶(往往出现在完型中,让我们填surprise)‎ 如:to their surprise 令他们惊讶 to LiLei's surprise 令李雷惊讶 ‎27. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪 如:His father always take pride in him.  他的爸爸总是以他而自豪 ‎28. pay attention to sth. 对…注意,留心 如:You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。‎ ‎29. be able to do sth. 能够,有能力做某事 如:She is able to do it. 她能够做到。‎ ‎30. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事(注意up后面用的是动词的ing形式)‎ ‎ 如:My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。‎ ‎31. 不再  ①no more =no longer 如:I play tennis no more.我不再打网球。‎ ‎②not …any more = not …any longer 如:‎ I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打网球。‎ ‎【重点语法】‎ 反意疑问句 反义疑问句遵循这样一个原则,前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定。‎ ‎1. 肯定陈述句+否定提问  如:Lily is a student, isn't she?‎ ‎2. 否定陈述句+肯定提问  如:She doesn't come from China, does she?‎ ‎3. 提问部分用代词而不用名词  如:Lily is a student, isn't she?‎ ‎4. 陈述句中含有否定意义的词  如:little, few, never, nothing, hardly等,其反意疑问句用肯定式(对于第四点大家不要忽视,尤其是列举的这几个词,出题的时候经常遇到,对于下面的两个例子大家要仔细看一下,要把这个知识点彻底搞懂)。‎ 如:He knows little English, does he?  他一点也不懂英语,不是吗?‎ They hardly understood it, did they?  他们几乎不明白,不是吗?‎ ‎5. 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。如:Your father is unhappy, isn't he?‎ The man is dishonest, isn't he?‎ It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn't it?‎ Unit5 What are the shirts made of?‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. be made of 由……制造 ‎2. be made in 在……制造 ‎3. environmental protection 环境保护 ‎4. be famous for 以……而著名 26‎ ‎5. be produced in 在……生产 ‎6. be known for 以……闻名 ‎7. as far as I know 据我所知 ‎8. pick by hand 手工采摘 ‎9. send for 发送 ‎10. avoid doing sth 避免做某事 ‎11. everyday things 日用品 ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. made of  由……制(构)成,后接构成某物质的原料。‎ 例:This skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。‎ be made of/from/up of的区别 ‎(1)be made of 表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么,保留原材料的质和形状,制作过程仅发生物理变化。‎ 例:The kite is made of paper.风筝是用纸做的。‎ ‎(2)be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化,在成品中已无法辨认。‎ 例:The paper is made from wood.纸是木头做的。‎ Butter is made from milk. 黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。‎ ‎(3)be made up of 用……构成或组成的,指人、物皆可,指结构成分。‎ 例:Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。‎ ‎2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.‎ 好像全世界的许多人都在喝中国茶。‎ 句型“It seems that…”意为“看起来好像/似乎……”,其中seem是连系动词,意为“似乎;好像”,句型中的it是形式主语,不能用其他代词来替代。‎ 例:It seems that he was late for the train. 看来他没赶上火车。‎ seem的几种常见结构:‎ ‎(1)seem to do sth此句型可与“It seems that…”转换。‎ 例:They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema.‎ 他们似乎找到了去电影院的路了。‎ ‎(2)seem+形容词 例:My temperature seems (to be) all right. 我的体温看上去正常了。‎ ‎(3)seem+名词 例:That seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不错。‎ ‎3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory.‎ 当茶叶成熟时,就被用手工采摘然后送到工厂加工。‎ 此句是由when 引导的时间状语从句,are picked, are sent都是一般现在时的被动结构。‎ 例:When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent to the market for sale.‎ 当这些水果成熟后就被摘下来并送到市场上卖掉。‎ ‎4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.‎ 无论你买什么,你都可能认为那些产品是在那些国家生产的。‎ 此句为由"no matter +特殊疑问词"引导让步状语从句。意为“无论….”,相当于whatever。‎ 例:No matter what I said to her, she still didn’t believe me.‎ 无论我对她说什么,她仍然不相信我。‎ ‎5. find out, 查出,找到。‎ 26‎ 例:The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.‎ 警察正在查找这个男孩是从哪下的火车。‎ find,find out和look for都含有“寻找、找到”的意思,但其含义和用法却不同。‎ ‎① find意为“找到、发现”,通常指找到或发现具体的东西,强调的是找的结果。‎ Will you find mea pen? 你替我找支钢笔好吗?‎ ‎② look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。‎ 例:I’m looking for my pen everywhere. 我正到处找我的钢笔。‎ He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。‎ ‎③ find out意为“找出、发现、查明”,多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”,通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义,指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。‎ 例:Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。‎ Read this passage,and find out the answer to this question.‎ ‎【重点语法】‎ 一般现在时的被动语态 一. 概念理解 ‎1. 时态:在英语语言中,时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。‎ 如:He often helps me with my English. 他经常帮助我学英语。(help这个动作经常发生often;故用一般现在时)‎ ‎2. 语态:在英语语言中,语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。‎ ‎① 主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。‎ 如:The tall boy often hits his classmates (主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者)。‎ ‎② 主语是动作的接受者(承受者)为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成 如:Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world(主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的承受者)。‎ ‎3. 语态与时态的关系:在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态和时态,他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。‎ 如:① He is looking after his sister at home. (此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构)‎ ‎② He is being looked after well by his parents. (此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构)‎ 二. 被动语态最基本的句型结构:be +及物动词过去分词 说明:① be 有时态,人称和数的变化。‎ ‎② 被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词;因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者,某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等,也可用于被动语态。‎ 三. 被动语态的使用 ‎1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by 短语。‎ Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. (只是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的)。‎ ‎2. 突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。‎ 如:The cup was broken by Paul.‎ 四. 主动语态变被动语态的变法:主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 ‎1. 把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。‎ ‎2. 把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词,时态要与原句保持一致。‎ ‎3. 把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,放在被动语态里谓语动词之后,by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词,在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。‎ 五. 一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +done 如:Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶。‎ 26‎ Unit6 When was it invented?‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. by accident  偶然地;意外地 ‎2. without doubt  毫无疑问的;的确 ‎3. by mistake  错误地 ‎4. look up to  钦佩;仰慕 ‎5. take place  发生;出现 ‎6. all of a sudden  突然;猛地 ‎7. divide…into…  把……分成......‎ ‎8. the Olympics  奥林匹克运动会 ‎9. the style of  ……的样式 ‎10. be used for  被用于……‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. invent  v. 发明 inventor  n. 发明家 invention  n. 发明 ‎2. be used for doing 用来做…(是被动语态)(这个短语的考点有两点,一是used for的意思,二是for后面用动名词)‎ Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。‎ ‎3. 给某人某样东西  give sth. to sb.‎ I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。‎ give sb. sth.‎ I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。‎ ‎4. all day 整天 ‎5. salty  adj. 咸的  salt  n. 盐 ‎6. by mistake 错误地(犯错:make mistake,这些常见的短语大家务必要掌握)‎ I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。‎ ‎8. by accident 意外,偶然(常见短语,考的最多的是它的意思)‎ I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。‎ ‎9. not…until… 直到…才…(重中之重,这个用法非常重要!)‎ I didn't go to bed until I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。‎ ‎10. according to +名词,根据…‎ according to this article 根据这篇文章 ‎11. over an open fire 野饮 ‎12. leaf  n. 叶子   复数形式 leaves ‎13. nearby adj. 附近的 ‎14. fall into 落入,掉进 The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。‎ fall down 摔倒 She fell down from her bike. 她从她自行车摔倒了。‎ ‎15. quite 非常 adv.  与冠词a连用时,冠词a必须放在它的后面 quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩 ‎17. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快 pleasant adj. 愉快,高兴。指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快 please v. 使高兴 ‎18. battery-operated  adj. 电池控制的,是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词 ‎19. in the sixth century 在第6世纪 26‎ ‎20. travel around 周游 ‎21. more than == over 超过(相比较,more than更重要)‎ more than 300 == over 300  超过300‎ ‎22. including 包括,可以与名词和动名词连用 Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。‎ ‎23. have been played 被上演 ,是现在完成时的被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态的结构:have/has been +过去分词。‎ ‎4. be born 出生 (常见短语)‎ He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生。‎ ‎25. safety n. 安全  safe adj. 安全的 ‎26. knock into 撞上(某人)‎ ‎27. divide sth. into…,将…划分成...,通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 Let's divide ourselves into 4 groups. 让我们把我们自己划成4组。‎ ‎28. since then 从那以后,常与完成时态连用 ‎【重点语法】‎ 一般过去时的被动语态 ‎1. 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。‎ ‎2. 被动语态基本结构:be+及物动词的过去分词 被动语态中的be 是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化。‎ 一般现在时的被动语态为:am/is/are+过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态为:was/were+ 过去分词 A lot of trees were planted here last year.‎ 与情态动词连用的被动语态:情态动词+ be + 过去分词(关于被动语态,大家一定要熟悉,这个在中考的时候属于是必考内容,而且是重点内容)‎ 关于被动语态更多内容,详见Unit5重点语法部分。‎ Unit7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 ‎2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子 ‎3. part-time jobs 兼职工作 ‎4. a driver’s license 驾照 ‎5. on weekends 在周末 ‎6. at that age 在那个年龄段 ‎7. on school nights 在上学期间的晚上 ‎8. stay up 熬夜 ‎9. clean up  清扫 ‎10. fail(in)a test 考试不及格 ‎11. take the test 参加考试 ‎12. the other day 前几天 ‎13. all my classmates 我所有的同学 ‎14. concentrate on 全神贯注于 ‎15. be good for 对…...有益 26‎ ‎16. in groups 成群的,按组 ‎17. get noisy 变得吵闹(系表结构)‎ ‎18. learn from 向......学习 ‎19. at present 目前,现在 ‎20. have an opportunity to do sth. 有做……的机会 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. I don’t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔。‎ ‎2. They talk instead of doing homework. 他们聊天而不是做作业。‎ ‎3. He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允许他们熬到晚上11点。‎ ‎4. We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often. 我们应该被允许更加经常的花些时间多做这类事情。‎ ‎5. What school rules do you think should be changed? 你认为学校的哪些制度应该改一改了?‎ ‎6. The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 这两条牛仔裤穿在我身上都适合。‎ ‎7. The classroom is a real mess. 教室太脏了。‎ ‎8. Should I be allowed to make my own decisions? 我应该被允许自己做决定吗?‎ ‎9. Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有这样我才能实现我的梦想。‎ ‎10. They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much a s they want.  应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间。‎ ‎11. We have nothing against running. 我们没有理由反对他跑步。‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. enough  adv. 足够地  adj. 足够的 形容词+enough 如:beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough+名词 如:enough food 足够食物 ‎2. stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 Please stop speaking. 请停止说话。‎ stop to do sth. 停止一件事去做另一件事 Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。‎ ‎3. it seems + that从句 看起来好像……‎ It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。‎ ‎4. yet 仍然,还 (常用在否定句或疑问句当中)‎ ‎5. stay up 熬夜 如:I often stay up until 12:00pm. 我经常熬夜到12点。‎ ‎6. 程度副词:always总是  usually经常  sometimes有时 never 从不 ‎7. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船), go hiking(去远足)‎ ‎8. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉 如:Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。‎ ‎9. the other day  前几天 ‎10. agree 同意   反义词:disagree不同意  动词 agreement 同意   反义词:disagreement 不同意  名词 ‎11. keep sb/ sth+ 形容词 使某人/某物保持……‎ 如:We should keep our city clean. 我们应该保持我们的城市干净。‎ ‎12. both…and… + 动词复数形式(both and本身也是一个非常重要的考点)‎ 如:Both Jim and Li Ming play  bastketball.‎ ‎13. learn(sth.)from sb  向谁学习(什么)‎ 26‎ 如:Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语。‎ ‎14. at least 最少  at most 最多 ‎15. 花费:take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take(sb.) time to do sth.  如:It took (me) 10 days to read the book.‎ sth. cost(sb.)…  如:The book cost(me)100 yuan.‎ sb. spend … on sth.  如:She spent 10 days on this book.‎ sb. spend …(in)doing sth.  如:She spent 10 days(in)reading this book.‎ sb. pay … for sth.  如:She paid 10 yuan for this book.‎ ‎(大家注意这几个词的区分,take它的主语往往是it,spend和pay的主语是人,cost的主语是物,我们只要明白了这几点,做题就比较容易了)‎ ‎16. have + 时间段+off  放假,休息   如:have 2 days off ‎17. get in the way of 碍事,妨碍 ‎18. think about与think of的区别 ‎① 当两者译为:认为、想起、记着时,两者可互用 I often think about/of that day. 我经常想起那天。‎ ‎② think about 还有“考虑”之意,think of做为想到、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。‎ We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。‎ ‎19. care about sb. 关心某人 如:Mother often care about her son.‎ ‎20. also:也,用于句中I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 either:也,用于否定句且用于句末I am not a student, either. 我也不是一个学生。‎ too:也,用于肯定句且用于句末I am a student, too. 我也是一个学生。‎ ‎(要记住它们分别用在什么句子中,以及用在什么位置)‎ ‎【重点语法】‎ 语态 ‎1. 两种语态:主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。‎ Cats eat fish.(主动语态)猫吃鱼。‎ Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。‎ ‎2. 被动语态的构成 由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化。‎ 倒装句 由so+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语,意为:…也是一样。‎ She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生,我也是。‎ She will go to school. So will he.  她将去学校,他也是。‎ Unit8 It must belong to Carla.‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. be long to 属于 ‎2. listen to classical music 听古典音乐 ‎3. at school 上学;求学 ‎4. go to the concert 去听音乐会 ‎5. have any/some idea 知道 ‎6. a math test on algebra  有关代数的数学考试 ‎7. the final exam 期末考试 26‎ ‎8. because of  因为 ‎9. a present for his mother 送给她妈妈的礼物 ‎10. run for exercise  跑步锻炼 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. If you have any idea where might be please call me. 如果你知道它可能在哪,请打电话给我。‎ ‎2. It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30% to the final exam. 关键是我必须学,因为它占期末考试的30%。‎ ‎3. What do you think “anxious“ means? 你认为“anxious”是什么意思?‎ ‎4. He could be running for exercise. 他可能是正在跑步锻炼身体。‎ ‎5. He might be running to catch a bus. 他可能是正在跑着赶公共汽车。‎ ‎6. Why do you think the man is running? 你觉得那个男的为什么跑?‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. 情态动词must, may , might, could, may , can't表示推测含义,后面都接动词原形,都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断,但他们含义有所不同。‎ must 一定,肯定 (100%的可能性)‎ may, might, could 有可能,也许 (20%-80%的可能性)‎ can't 不可能,不会 (可能性几乎为零)‎ ‎2. whose:谁的,是个疑问词,作定语,后面接名词 如:---Whose book is this? ---This is Lily's.‎ ‎4.  当play 指弹奏西洋乐器时,常在乐器前用定冠词the play the guitar;play the piano;play the violin 当play 指进行球类运动时,则不用定冠词 play football;play basketball;play baseball ‎5. if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替将来时。‎ If you don't hurry up, you'll be late. 如果你不快点,你将会迟到。‎ ‎6. if you have any idea= if you know  如果你知道 ‎7. on 关于(学术,科目)‎ ‎9. because of:由于 because:因为,它们的用法是:‎ because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语(这是一个重要的短语)‎ because + 从句 I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。‎ I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。‎ ‎10. own v. - owner n.‎ listen v. - listener n.‎ learn v. - learner n.‎ ‎11. catch a bus 赶公车 ‎12.  neighbor 邻居,指人 neighborhood 邻居,指地区也可指附近地区的人 ‎13. local 当地的 如:local teacher 当地的教师 ‎16. anything strange  一些奇怪的东西 当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,放在这些词的后面(重要,切记)‎ ‎17. there be sb./sth. doing 有…...正在......‎ There is a cat eating fish.‎ ‎18. escape from…  从哪里逃跑出来(常考短语)‎ He escaped from the burning building. 他从燃烧的建筑中逃出来。‎ 26‎ ‎19. an ocean of + 名词 极多的,用不尽的 如:an ocean of energy.‎ ‎20. unhappy 不高兴的  反义词:happy 高兴的 ‎22. dishonest 不诚实的  反义词:honest 诚实的 ‎23. get on 上车   get off 下车(掌握住这两个短语的意思)‎ ‎24. use up 用光,用完 They have used up all the money. 他们已经用完了所有的钱。‎ ‎25. attempt to do 试图做某事(重要考点,大家记着attempt后面用的是不定式to do)‎ The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子们试图想去北京。‎ ‎26. wake 是个动词,意思是唤醒,常用的词组:wake up 意为醒来 Please wake me up at 8 o'clock. 请在8点钟叫醒我。‎ ‎27.  look for 寻找,强调找的动作(重要)‎ find 找到,强调找的结果 I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。(指找的动作)‎ I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。(指找的结果)‎ ‎28.  hear 听,强调听的结果 listen 听,强调听的动作 Did you hear? 你听到了吗?(指听的结果)‎ I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。(指听的动作)‎ ‎29. try one's best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事(注意best后面跟的不定式to do是考试的重点)‎ He tried his best to run. 他尽他的最大努力去跑。‎ ‎【重点语法】现在完成时态(点击左方蓝色链接即可查看具体内容)‎ Unit9 I like music that I can dance to.‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. expect to do sth.  期望做某事 expect sb. to do sth  期望某人做某事 ‎2. catch up with  追上,赶上 ‎3. different kinds of music  各种不同的音乐 ‎4. quiet and gentle songs  轻柔的歌曲 ‎5. take…to…  带……到……‎ ‎6. remind…of… 使某人想起或意识到……‎ ‎7. her own songs 她自己的歌曲 ‎8. be important to 对……重要 ‎9. Yellow River 黄河 ‎10. Hong Tao’s latest movie  洪涛最近的电影 ‎11.  over the years  多年来 ‎12. be sure to do sth.  务必/一定做某事 ‎13. one of the best known Chinese photographers 世界上最有名的中国摄影家之一 ‎14. on display  展览,展出 ‎15. come and go 来来往往 ‎16. can’t stand 不能忍受 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. I love singers who write their own music. 我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。‎ ‎2. We prefer music that has great lyrics. 我们更喜欢歌词很棒的音乐。‎ ‎3. What do you dislike about this CD. 你不喜欢这张CD的什么?‎ ‎4. What does it remind you of?它使你想起了什么?‎ 26‎ ‎5. The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music. 这首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。‎ ‎6. It does have a few good features, though.  然而,它的确也有一些好的方面。‎ ‎7. She really has something for everyone. 每个人的确都能从她的作品中领悟到一些东西。‎ ‎8. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition. 无论怎样,你都不能错过这个展览会。‎ ‎9. As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.  正如乐队名字所暗示的那样, 这支乐队很有活力。‎ ‎10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great. 有些人说他们很无聊,但也有人说,他们是伟大的。‎ ‎11. I f I were you, I’d eat nuts instead. 如果我是你,我会改吃坚果。‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. prefer v. 更喜欢,宁愿 prefer sth. 更喜欢某事  I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。‎ prefer to do. 宁愿做某事  I prefer to sit. 我宁愿坐着。‎ prefer sth to sth. 同…...相比更喜欢…... I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。‎ prefer doing to doing. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事  I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着。‎ ‎2. along with 伴随… , 同… 一道 I will go along with you. 我同你一道去。‎ ‎3. dance to sth. 随着…...跳舞(用的介词是to,这一点要注意)‎ She likes dancing to the music. 她喜欢随着音乐而跳舞。‎ ‎4. music n. 音乐 musician n. 音乐家 ‎5. unfortunately adv.不幸运地 fortunately adv.幸运地(如果你把这个词记住了,那考试的时候你就是幸运的~)‎ ‎6. fun n. 有趣   funny adj. 有趣的,滑稽的 ‎7. be sure to do 一定做某事,肯定做某事 It is sure to snow. 肯定要下雪 ‎8. known adj. 有名的,著名的(记住意思)‎ ‎9. on display 展览(常见短语)‎ ‎10. energy n.活力  energetic adj.有活力的 ‎11. most of…   ……的大多数 ‎12. keep healthy 保持健康 ‎13. get together 聚在一起 ‎14. discuss v.讨论  discussion n.讨论 ‎15. be bad for sth. 对…有坏处 ‎16. take care of = look after 照顾 She often takes care of/looks after her son.‎ ‎17. stay away from 远离……‎ Stay away from me. I have a cold. 请远离我,我得了感冒 ‎18. to be honest 老实说 To be honest I really like flowers. 老实说我真的很喜欢花。‎ ‎19. dislike 不喜欢   反义词:like 喜欢 ‎20. fisherman 渔夫  它的复数形式是fishermen ‎21. photography n. 摄影;photograph n. 照片 相片;photographer n. 摄影师 ‎22. be in agreement 意见一致,常与介词on/about连 They are in agreement on that question. 他们对那个问题意见一致。‎ ‎23. even if  甚至 26‎ ‎24. mainly adv. 主要地 首要地 Unit10 You're supposed to shake hands.‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. be supposed to do 被期望/应该做......‎ ‎2. shake hands 握手 ‎3. for the first time  第一次 ‎4. table manners  餐桌礼仪 ‎5. drop by 偶然拜访,顺便拜访 ‎6. after all 毕竟,终究 ‎7. be on time 准时 ‎8.(in) the wrong way 以错误的方式 ‎9. be relaxed about 对……比较随意/放松 ‎10. a bit 一点 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. He should have told me about it. 他本应该把这件事告诉我。‎ ‎2. Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time. 我所在的地方,对时间是相当宽松的。‎ ‎3. We often just drop by our friends’homes. 我们时常去朋友家拜访。‎ ‎ 4. Often we just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can. 我们经常走遍市中心,看尽可能多的朋友。‎ ‎5. We usually make plans to see friends. 通常我们都是做好去看朋友的计划。‎ ‎6. We’re the land of watches, after all.  毕竟,我们是表之乡。‎ ‎7. It’s even better than I thought it would be. 事情比我想象的要好得多。‎ ‎8. They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们花尽心血让我感觉不到拘束。‎ ‎9.  Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t bother me like it used to. 尽管我经常出一些错,但它不像过去那样打扰我。‎ ‎10. I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it. 开始,我想那是太奇怪了,但是现在我已经习惯了。‎ ‎11. I have to say I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to things, and don’t find them so strange any more. 不得不承认,我发现记住一切东西是很困难的,但我渐渐习惯了,并且发现他们也不再那么奇怪了。‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. be supposed to do  应该(注意它的翻译,另外supposed后面用的是不定式to do)‎ We are supposed to stop smoking. 我们应该停止吸烟。‎ ‎3. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear. 你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。‎ 上句中的“should have asked”是“情态动词+现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事,事实上没有做(这点要清楚)‎ She should have gone to Beijing. 她本应该去了北京。(没有去)‎ ‎4. be relaxed about sth. 对某事随意、不严格 They are relaxed about the time. 他们对时间很随意。‎ ‎5. pretty  adv. 相当,很adj. 美丽的 She is pretty friendly. 她相当友好。‎ She is a pretty girl. 她是一个美丽的女孩。‎ ‎6. plan to do. 打算做某事(常见用法)‎ She has planed to go to Beijing.‎ 26‎ ‎7. drop by 访问,看望,拜访,串门 We just dropped by our friends' homes.我们刚刚去朋友家串门。‎ ‎8. on time 按时(in time的意思是及时,这两个短语经常出现在辨析题中)‎ ‎9. after all 毕竟 终究(五星级重点词汇,记住它的意思)‎ You see I was right after all. 你看,毕竟还是我对了。‎ ‎10. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事(重要内容,注意后面用的是不定式to do)‎ Lily invited me to have dinner. 莉莉请我吃晚饭。‎ ‎11. without 没有(这个词经常考,题目会单纯考它的意思,所以大家应该记住它的意思)‎ ‎12. around the world = all over the world 全世界 ‎13. pick up 捡起,挑选(捡起的意思考的较多)‎ He picked up his hat. 他捡起他的帽子。‎ ‎14. start doing = start to do 开始做某事(start的用法属于常考内容,记住它的这两个用法)‎ He started reading= He started to read. 他开始阅读。‎ ‎15. point at 指向(指近处的事物)‎ point to 指向(指远处的事物)‎ ‎16. stick v. 剌,截   n. 棒,棍 ‎17. go out of one's way to do 特意/专门做某事 He went out of his way to make me happy. 他特意使我高兴。‎ ‎18. make mistakes 犯错误(复数)‎ make a mistake 犯错误(一个)‎ ‎19. be different from 与……不同 Chinese food is different from theirs. 中国菜与他们的不同。‎ ‎20.  get/be used to sth. 习惯于……(这些用法大家务必记住,虽然这些用法很多,而且比较容易搞混淆,但是它们确实经常考,大家可以结合例子记忆)‎ get/be used to doing 习惯于……‎ be used to do  被用来做……‎ be used for doing 被用来做...…‎ used to do 过去常常做…...‎ I wash clothes everyday. I'm used to it. 我每天都洗衣服。我习惯了。‎ I am used to washing clothes. 我习惯于洗衣服了。‎ The knives are used to cut things. 小刀被用来切东西。‎ The knives are used for cutting things. 小刀被用来切东西。‎ She used to watch TV after school. 她过去放学后常常看电视。‎ ‎21. I find it difficult to remember everything. 我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。‎ find/think + it +形容词 + to do sth.‎ ‎22. cut up 切开,切碎 Let's cut up the watermelon.  让我们切开这个西瓜吧。‎ ‎23. make a toast 敬酒 ‎24. crowd  v.挤满  其形容词和过去式及过去分词都是:crowded(crowded考的相对多些)‎ ‎25. set  n. 一套  v. 设置 ‎26. can't stop doing 忍不住做某 I can't stop laughing. 我忍不住笑 ‎27. make faces 做鬼脸 ‎28. face to face 面对面地 ‎29. learn…by oneself 自学......(重要用法)‎ I learn English by my self. 我自学英语。‎ Unit11 Sad movies make me cry.‎ 26‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. make me sleepy 使我困倦 ‎2. drive sb. crazy 使……发疯 ‎3. the more…, the more  越……越……‎ ‎4. yes and no 好坏参半 ‎5. be friends with sb. 是某人的朋友 ‎6. feel left out 感觉被忽视 ‎7. sleep badly 睡眠很差 ‎8. don’t feel like eating 不想吃东西 ‎9. for no reason 毫无理由 ‎10. neither…nor…  既不……也不……‎ ‎11. let…down 使…失望 ‎12. take one’s position 替代我的职位 ‎13. to start with  起初 ‎14. get the exam result back  取考试成绩单 ‎15. find out 发现 ‎16. a shirt of a happy person  一件快乐人的衬衫 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1.  —I’d rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I’m eating.更愿意到蓝海洋餐厅,因为我喜欢在吃饭时听轻音乐。‎ ‎—But that music make me sleepy.但那种音乐使我困倦。‎ ‎2. Waiting for Amy drove Tina crazy. 等候艾米使蒂娜发狂。‎ ‎3. The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy cry.  这部电影是如此悲伤以致使蒂娜和艾米都哭了。‎ ‎4. Sad movies don’t make John cry. They just make him want to leave quickly. 悲伤的电影没有让约翰哭他们只能使他想尽快离开。‎ ‎5. Loud music makes me nervous. 吵闹的音乐使我紧张。‎ ‎6. Soft and quiet music makes me relax. 轻柔的音乐使我放松。‎ ‎7. Money and fame don’t always make people happy. 金钱和名誉并不总能使人幸福。‎ ‎8. She said that the sad movie made her cry. 她说悲伤的电影使她哭泣。‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. But that music makes me sleepy. 但是那种音乐使我困倦。‎ 动词make的使役用法,make sb后分别接了形容词和不定式短语。make的这种用法常见于以下结构:‎ make+名词(代词)+省略to的动词不定式 My parents often make me do some other homework. 我父母常让我做些其他的作业。‎ 这一结构中的不定式短语在主动结构中是宾语补足语,必须省去to,变为被动结构时,不定式短语作主语补足语,这时必须带to。‎ 如:She was made to work for the night shift. 她不得不上夜班。‎ ‎② make+名词/代词+-ed分词短语。‎ 如:What made them so frightened? 什么使他们这样害怕?‎ ‎③ make+名词/代词+介词短语或名词短语。‎ 如:She made him her assistant. 她委派他做自己的助手。‎ ‎④ make+名词(代词)+形容词或形容词短语。‎ 如:—The good news made us happy. 这条好消息使我们很高兴。‎ ‎—Yes,I suppose so. 我想他会回来。‎ ‎⑤ make +形式宾语it +形容词或名词(作宾语补足语)+从句(作真正的宾语)‎ 如:They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary 26‎ ‎ job.‎ 他们要向公众表明, 他们所做的工作不但重要, 而且是必不可少的。‎ ‎2. wealth n. 财富 ‎ ① 表示“财富”“金钱”,是不可数名词。如:‎ They had little desire for wealth. 他们对财富无大欲望。‎ ‎② 表示“大量”“众多”“丰富”等,可连用不定冠词,尤其用于a wealth of结构(其后可接可数名词或不可数名词)。如:‎ He sent me a book with a wealth of illustrations. 他送给我一本有大量插图的书。‎ Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc.‎ 地下埋藏了大量的金、银、铜、铅和锌。‎ ‎3. He slept badly and didn’t feel like eating.他睡眠很差并且不想吃东西。‎ feel like的用法:‎ ‎① 表示“感觉像(是)……”‎ My legs feel like cotton wool. 我感觉两条腿像棉花一样。‎ ‎② 表示“想要做……”,后接动名词doing形式。‎ I don’t feel like cooking. Let’s eat out.  我不想做饭,我们出去吃吧。‎ Unit12 Life is full of the unexpected.‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. take a shower 淋浴 ‎2. leave my backpack at home 把背包忘在家里 ‎3. get back to school  返回学校 ‎4. start teaching  开始教学 ‎5. go off  响铃 ‎6. rush out the door 冲出房门 ‎7. give sb a lift  捎某人一程 ‎8. miss both events  错过两个事件 ‎9. be about to do sth  正要做某事 ‎10. stare in disbelief at  难以置信地盯着 ‎11. raise above the burning building 从正在燃烧的楼上升起 ‎12. jump out of bed 跳下床 ‎13. collect the math homework 收数学作业 ‎14. show up 赶到,出现 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower. 当我起床时,我哥哥已经进了浴室了。‎ ‎2. By the time I got outside, the bus had already gone. 当我出来时,公汽已经走了。‎ ‎3. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home. 当我到达学校时,我才意识到我把背包忘在家里了。‎ ‎4. By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already. 当我走进教室时,老师已经开始讲课了。‎ ‎ 5. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already showed up. 当我到达晚会时, 其他的每个人都已经到了。‎ ‎6. When he put the noodles into the bowl, he realized he had forgotten to add the green beans. 当他把面条放进碗里时,他意识到他忘了添加绿豆荚了。‎ ‎7. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he had gone into the building. 在她得到一个向他告别的机会之前,他已经进入楼房了。‎ 26‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 当我出来的时候,公共汽车已经走了。‎ by the time作连词引导时间状语从句,当从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时;当从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时或将来完成时。‎ 如:By the time he was ten, Tom had built a chemistry lab himself. 等到了十岁的时候,汤姆自己建了一个化学实验室。‎ I’ll be in bed by the time you get home. 你到家时,我已经上床睡觉了。‎ ‎2. When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home. 当她到学校时,她意识到她把背包忘在家里了。‎ 表示“把某物忘在某处”要用词组leave sth in/on/at...‎ 如:I've left my umbrella at home. 我把伞忘在家里了。‎ I left my book on the desk. 我把书忘在桌子上。‎ forget意为“遗忘某物”,指忘记一件具体的东西,但不能有具体的地点。‎ 如:I forgot my umbrella yesterday. 我昨天忘了带伞。‎ Don't forget the cases.  别忘了带箱子。‎ ‎3. Last Friday night, my friend invited me to his birthday party.‎ 上周五晚上,我朋友邀请我参加他的生日晚会。‎ invite sb. to a place(或一活动、聚会) 意为“邀请某人到某一地方或参加某一活动”;而invite sb to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”。‎ 如:I think we have many friends now, and we must invite them to our place. 我想我们现在有很多朋友了, 我们也应该邀请他们到我们家做客。‎ Kitty’s teacher Mr Wu invited me to join their school trip to the World Park. 基蒂的老师吴老师邀请我参加了去世界公园的学校郊游活动。‎ ‎4. Wells made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story and fear spread across the whole country.‎ 威尔斯讲述这个新闻起来如此的真实,以致成百上千的人都相信了这个故事,进而引发了全国性的恐慌。‎ so…that...在此引导结果状语从句,so后面应加一个形容词或副词,意为“如此……以至于……”。‎ 如:This book is so interesting that everyone in our class wants to read it. 这本书是如此的有趣以至于全班同学都想看看。(so+形容词)‎ He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him. 他跑得那么快,以至于我跟不上他。(so+副词)‎ ‎【重点语法】‎ 比较一般过去时和现在完成时的异同 ‎1. 共同点:动作都是在过去完成。‎ I saw the film yesterday evening.‎ I have seen the film before.‎ ‎(看电影这件事都是在过去完成的。)‎ ‎2. 区别:‎ ‎①现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果,而一般过去时与现在没有联系,只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。‎ ‎②一般过去时通常与具体明确的过去时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week , two years ago,just now,in 2002 等;而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等模糊的过去时间状语和 these days ,this week ,since..., for... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。‎ Unit13 We're trying to save the earth!‎ 26‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. at the bottom of the river 在河床底部 ‎2. be full of the rubbish 充满了垃圾 ‎3. throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中 ‎4. play a part in cleaning it up 尽一份力把它清理干净 ‎5. land pollution  土地污染 ‎6. fill the air with black smoke  使空气中充满了黑烟 ‎7. cut down air pollution  减少空气污染 ‎8. make a difference  产生影响 ‎17. take action  采取行动 ‎18. turn off  关掉 ‎19. pay for 付费 ‎20. add up 累加 ‎21. use public transportation 使用公共交通 ‎22. recycle books and paper  回收书和废纸 ‎23. use paper napkins  使用纸巾 ‎24. turn off the shower 关掉喷头 ‎25. ride in cars 开车出行 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.  甚至河底都充满垃圾。‎ ‎2. Everyone in town should play a part in cleaning it up. 城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。‎ ‎3. The air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days. 空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。‎ ‎4. To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染,我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。‎ ‎5. I used to be able to see stars in the sky. 我过去能在天空中看到星星。‎ ‎6. The air has become really polluted around here. I’m getting very worried. 这儿的空气真的已经被污染了,我非常担心。‎ ‎7. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 没有科学研究说明鱼鳍对人们的健康有好处。‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. pay的基本用法 ‎(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……‎ 例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。‎ ‎(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。‎ 例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。‎ ‎(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。‎ 例:Don't worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心,我会给你付钱的。‎ ‎(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。‎ 例:They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。‎ ‎(5)pay money back 还钱。‎ 例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。‎ ‎(6)pay off one's money 还清钱。‎ ‎2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. 这种方法不仅残酷,而且对环境有害。‎ ‎(1)not only…but 26‎ ‎ also…意为“不仅……而且……”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分,着重强调后者,其中的also有时可以省略。‎ 如:She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏,而且还会作曲。‎ He not only writes his own plays, he also acts in them. 他不仅是自编剧本, 还饰演其中的角色。‎ He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不仅平时工作,星期日也工作。‎ ‎(2)若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。‎ 如:Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你,他也得离开。‎ ‎ (3)若连接两个句子,not only后面的句子要用倒装。‎ 如:Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 他不仅说得更正确,而且讲得更不费劲了。‎ ‎【重点语法】‎ 动词不定式做目的状语时的用法 To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染,我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。‎ 本句中To cut down air pollution是动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎1. 不定式和不定式短语作目的状语 不定式和不定式短语作目的状语,主要用来修饰动词,表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as to。‎ 例如:I've written it down in order not to forget.‎ He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.‎ 在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语,表示的是主语的目的,因此,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。比较:‎ To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.(正)‎ To draw maps properly, a special pen is needed.(误)‎ 由 in order to 引导的目的状语,既可以置于句尾,也可以置于句首,而由 so as to 引导的目的状语,只能置于句尾,而不能置于句首。比较:‎ They started early in order to get there in time.(正)‎ In order to get there in time, they started early.(正)‎ They started early so as to get there in time.(正)‎ So as to get there in time, they started early.(误)‎ ‎2. 不定式的复合结构作目的状语 当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时,要用不定式的复合结构(即在不定式或不定式短语之前加 for + 名词或宾格代词)作状语。例如:‎ He opened the door for the children to come in.‎ She fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.‎ ‎3. 目的状语从句与不定式的转换 英语中的目的状语从句,还可以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语,从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况:‎ ‎(1)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时,可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。例如:‎ We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.‎ We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time.‎ ‎(2)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时,要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。例如:‎ I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting.‎ I came early (in order) for you to read my report before the meeting.‎ 26‎ Unit14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7.‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. win a prize 获奖 ‎2. do a school survey 做一个学校调查 ‎3. meet the standard of a strict teacher 满足一位要求严格的老师的要求 ‎4. meet this group of friends 遇到这群朋友 ‎5. score two goals in a row 连续踢进两个球 ‎6. learn to play the keyboard 学会弹钢琴 ‎7. be patient with sb 对……有耐心 ‎8. work out the answer yourself 自己找出答案 ‎9. guide sb to do sth 指导某人做某事 ‎10. put in more effort 更加努力 ‎11. look back at  回首 ‎12. pride of overcoming fear 克服恐惧感的自豪 ‎13. make a great big mess 弄得一团糟 ‎14. keep my cool 保持我的清高 ‎15. try to be on time for morning reading 尽力赶上早读 ‎16. look forward to doing sth 期望做某事 ‎17. join the school swim team 加入学校游泳队 ‎18. get a business degree  取得一个商业学位 ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. ---What happened in Grade7 that was special? 在七年级时发什么了什么特别的事?‎ ‎---Our team won the school basketball competition. 我们队赢了学校的蓝球比赛。‎ ‎3. ---How have you changed since you started junior high school? 你上中学后有什么变化?‎ ‎---I've become much better at speaking English.  我在说英语上比以前更好。‎ ‎3. How do you think things will be different in senior high school? 你认为在高中会有什么不同?‎ ‎---I think that I'll have to study much harder for exams. 我想我将更加为考试努力学习。‎ ‎4. ---What are your plans for next year? 你明年的计划是什么?‎ ‎---I'm going to join the school volleyball team. 我将加入学校排球队。‎ ‎5. ---What do you remember about Grade 8. 关于八年级你记得什么?‎ ‎---I remember being a volunteer. 我记得当一名志愿者。‎ ‎6. ---What do you use to do that you don't do now? 你以前做而现在不做的事是什么?‎ ‎---I used to take dance lessons, but I don't anymore. 我以前上舞蹈课,但现在不上了。‎ ‎7. ---What are you looking forward to? 你期望做什么?‎ ‎---I'm looking forward to going to senior high school. 我期望上高中。‎ ‎【考点详解】‎ ‎1. She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 她帮助你自己算出答案,无论它们有多难。‎ no matter常与疑问代词或疑问副词一起构成连词词组引导让步状语从句,意为“不管……,无论……”,在运用时应注意以下几点:‎ ‎(1)注意从句的时态 由no matter what/who/where/when引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。如:No matter who you are, you must obey the rules. 无论你是谁,都应该遵守规则。‎ ‎ (2)注意被修饰的名词、形容词以及副词的位置 no matter what/whose/which修饰名词时,该名词必须紧跟其后;no matter 26‎ ‎ how修饰形容词或副词时,该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。‎ 如:No matter how hard he works, he find it difficult to make ends meet. 无论他多么努力工作,却总是入不敷出。‎ ‎(3)注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ever”在用法上的区别:‎ ‎①“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句,这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。‎ 如:No matter where he may be (=Wherever he may be), he will be happy. 他无论在什么地方都快乐。‎ ‎② 而“疑问词+ever”还可以引导名词性从句。‎ 如:Give this book to whoever likes it. 谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。(这里不能用no matter who)‎ ‎③ whoever既可引导名词性从句,又有在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等;whomever也可引导名词性从句,但只能在从句中作宾语。‎ 如:You may invite whomever you like.‎ ‎2.  caring adj. 体贴人的 如:I will miss the school trees and flowers and our kind and caring teachers. 我会怀念学校的树木花草以及我们善良,体贴的老师。‎ ‎3. 用于 go ahead, 注意以下用法:‎ ‎(1)表示同意或允许,意为“说吧”、“做吧”‎ A:May I start? 我可以开始了吗?‎ B:Yes, go ahead. 好,开始吧。‎ ‎(2)表示继续做某事,意为“继续…吧”‎ Go ahead. We are all listening. 继续讲吧,我们都在听呢!‎ ‎4. As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn't forget where you came from. 当你出发踏上你的新的旅程时,不要望了你来自哪里。‎ set out 意为“出发;开始;陈述”。‎ 例句:The professor sets out his ideas clearly in his article. 在这篇文章中教授清楚地表明了自己的想法。‎ set的用法:‎ ‎(1)set about sth./doing sth. 着手做某事 如:We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm. 我们以极大的热情立即着手这项任务。‎ ‎(2)set aside 放在一边,搁置;存蓄,留下 如:My parents set aside a bit of money every month. 我的父母每个月都存点钱。‎ ‎(3)set off 动身,出发;燃放(鞭炮等),使……爆炸或发出响声 如:After we had finished eating, he proposed to set off immediately. 我们吃完饭后,他建议立即动身。‎ ‎(4)set out 动身,出发;set out to do sth. 打算或着手做某事。‎ 如:They set out as the sun was rising. 太阳升起时,他们就出发了。‎ ‎(5)set up 竖起来,支起来;建立,成立。‎ 如:The school has set up a special class to help slow students.‎ 学校成立了一个特殊的班级,帮助那些后进生。‎ 26‎