仁爱版英语九年级上册期末测试二 20页

期末测试二 (满分 120 分，时间 100 分钟) 第一部分 听力 (25 分) Ⅰ.听句子，根据所听到的句子，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最恰当的答案。每 个句子读一遍。（5 分） ( )1.A. Sure. B. That’s right. C. Thank you. ( )2.A. Sorry. B. What fun! C. Bye-bye. ( )3.A. Have a good trip. B. Thanks. C. Me, too. ( )4.A. That sounds great! B. That’s all right. C. That’s nothing. ( )5.A. Sounds fun. B. What a shame! C. Of course not. Ⅱ.听对话，选择正确答案。每段对话读两遍。(5 分) ( )6.A. Mrs. White is in the office. B. Mrs. White is at school. C. Mrs. White is at home. ( )7.A. The Kings will have a picnic today. B. The Kings will have a picnic next Saturday. C. The Kings had a picnic last Saturday. ( )8.A. Robert and Allan come from England. B. Only Robert comes from England. C. Only Allan comes from England. ( )9.A. Lily’s bag is black. B. Lily’s bag is brown. C. Lily’s bag is green. ( )10.A. Mary is a clever girl. B. Mary runs the fastest in Grade Two. C. Mary lost the race. Ⅲ.听对话及问题，选择正确答案。每段对话及问题读两遍。(5 分) ( )11.A. Something cold. B. Coffee. C. Both coffee and tea. ( )12.A. Yes, it’s too far to walk. B. No, it’s within walking distance. C. Yes, she’d better take a bus or a taxi. ( )13.A. See a film. B. Go to the Capital Cinema. C. Go shopping. ( )14.A. She didn’t like the dress at all. B. She thought that the dress was quite cheap. C. She didn’t buy the dress because it was too expensive. ( )15.A. He is in his office. B. He is at lunch. C. He is at the Friendship Hotel. Ⅳ.听短文，选择最佳选项。短文读两遍。（5 分） ( )16. Who does Mr. Lee write the letter to? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A Friend. ( )17.Wei Ming is weak in . A. reading B. listening C. writing ( )18.Mr. Lee suggests Wei Ming to when meeting with new words and expressions. A. ask the teacher for help B. listen to the tapes C. look up the dictionary ( )19.How many suggestions does Mr. Lee give Wei Ming? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. ( )20. What does Mr. Lee think is the most important thing in learning English? A. Do more reading and listening. B. Keep an English diary every day. C. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Ⅳ.听短文，完成下面的表格。短文读两遍。（5 分） Topic People wonder whether humans need to carry out outer space 21 Agreement Scientists find it is important to research the outer space because they think: (1) people can 22 the outer space much better. (2) Human can find new resources there. (3) New 23 for human’s life may be brought about. Disagreement Other people have opposite opinions because they think: (1) Human would spend 24 on them. (2) Doing muck work in space may be 25 for astronauts. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 第二部分 基础知识运用 (65 分) Ⅰ.单项选择。(15 分) 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 ( )1.—I am really sorry, I can’t go swimming with you this Sunday. —It’s OK, we can go together next time. A. so B. and C. or D. but ( )2.Your schoolbag is similar mine. I don’t know which one to take. A. to B. of C. for D. as ( )3.The telephone by a well–known scientist, Edison. A.invented B.inventing C.was invented D. invents ( )4.—Which dress do you like best, madam? —Sorry, I can’t decide now. A.to buy which one B.buy which one C.which one to buy D.which I should buy it ( )5.There are many shops on side of the street. A.neither B.either C.every D.all ( )6.—Do you know who _____ the tomb of Emperor Qin and who _____ the mobile phone? —No, but we may ask our teacher. A.discovered, invented B.was discovered, was invented C.invented, discovered D.was invented, was discovered ( )7.Boys and girls, please listen to me carefully. I have _____ to tell you. A.important something B.anything important C.something important D.important nothing ( )8.—It’s very hot, but quite wet today. —_____ A.So it is. B.It is so. C.So is it. D.So it does. ( )9.Not only his parents but also his brother _____ to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back. A.have been B.have gone C.has been D.has gone ( )10.We all _____ the brave man because he saved the boy from the sea. A.agreed B.enjoyed C.admired D.believed ( )11.I _____ this book for two weeks. I have to return it now. A.borrowed B.have borrowed C.kept D.have kept ( )12.Our playground is not so tidy and beautiful as before. Students must _____ dirty things on it. A.be stopped to throw B.be stopped from throwing C.stop to throw D.stop from throwing ( )13.The apples are divided _____ two _____. One is for my sister, the other is for me. A.in, half B.into, halves C.in, halves D.into, half ( )14. _____ he is very tired, _____ he still goes on working. A.Although, but B.But,Although C.Although, / D.But, / ( )15.With the help of Project Hope, more and more schools in poor countryside one day . A.built B.are built C.will be built D.was built Ⅱ.情景交际。(10 分) (A)从方框中选择 5 个恰当的句子补全对话。 A:It’s very late. Are you still on the computer? B:Well, yes. 16 A:What kind of e-mails? B:Some are messages from my friends and some are from the relatives. A:Do you have to write them back right away? B: 17 Usually people want a quick reply. A: 18 B:I’ve already had 40 people’s addresses in my address book! 19 A: 20 E-mail is really very convenient(方便的). A. And I think e-mail is one of the best ways to communicate with others. B. I’ve got so many e-mails to go through. C. I agree with you. D. Of course! E. How many e-mail addresses have you had? F. I feel like getting more e-mails. G. I am not sure whether I’m right or wrong. 16.________ 17.________ 18.________ 19.________ 20.________ (B)用适当的单词或句子完成下面的对话。 A:Hi, Zhou Jian! Have you seen any table tennis games recently? B:Do you mean the 48th World Table Tennis Championship 21 in Shanghai? A:Of course. There were so many exciting games. B:Oh, it seems that you are a table tennis fan. A:Yes, when watching a game I feel as if I was on one of the teams. 22 , I feel happy, and if they lose, I feel sad. B:I think you must be very excited when our team got all the gold medals. By the way, 23 Zhang Yining? A:I think she is so great. She is really a super player. 24 B:Yes, I quite agree. She always tries her best and never gives up. We Chinese are all 25 her. A:She has set a good example for us students. So keep on studying hard, and you will make great success in your study. 21._________ 22. _________ 23. _________ 24. ________ 25. _________ Ⅲ.完形填空。(10 分) 根据短文内容，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的 最佳答案。 In real life, robots are mainly used in factories. They do many different jobs. Usually these jobs are too 26 , difficult or boring for humans. Robots also help disabled people and people who cannot look after 27 . For example, scientists are making a robot to help 28 people. Now many of them have a dog to help them. The dog is called a guide dog. In the future, guide dogs might be robot dogs. One robot dog is called Meldog. It has wheels. It usually “walks” 29 its owner. It is very clever. It knows the speed of its owner’s walk. Meldog talks to its owner by 30 . The owner wears a special belt. This belt 31 instructions to the owner from Meldog such as “Stop here”, “Turn left” and “Turn right”. In the United States, another 32 of robot helps disabled workers. This robot, called Kilroy, helps disabled computer operators. The robot 33 the sound of its owner’s voice. It follows instructions such as “Turn the page” and “Make a cup of coffee”. Robots are also used in American 34 . They can do simple jobs. For example, they shave (刮脸) patients and brush their teeth and take meals from the kitchen to patients’ rooms. It never gets lost 35 this robot has a map of the hospital in its computer memory. ( )26.A.interesting B. strange C. dangerous D. safe ( )27.A.others B. another C. them D. themselves ( )28.A.deaf B. blind C. old D. sick ( )29.A.in front of B. behind C. under D. above ( )30.A.television B. radio C. loudspeaker D. mobile telephone ( )31.A.posts B.writes C.reads D.sends ( )32. A.type B.size C.set D.double ( )33.A.guesses B.thinks C.hears D.sees ( )34.A.cinema B.hospitals C.museum D.theatre ( )35.A.until B.before C.because D.whether Ⅳ.阅读理解。(30 分)(A、B 两篇每小题 1 分, C、D 两篇每小题 2 分) (A) Have you ever see the day begin? The dark sky starts to look brighter. Then suddenly the sky is all pink and red and gold even a little green. The earth has turned bright until the sun is shining on the place where you are. This is what makes it day. The sun is always shining, but it can only shine on one side of the earth at a time. It can’t light the side that is away from it. When the sun is shining on the other side of the world, it is night where you are. At night, You can see the stars. All day the stars are in the sky, but the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them. When the sun is gone, the stars are bright enough to see. Stars look as tiny as pinheads(针头), but some are even bigger than the sun. Big things look little when they are far away. In the sky, planes look like toys, but on the ground you can see that they are big. Stars are millions of times bigger than planes. They look very small because they are so far away. The sun is closer than the other stars. So it looks bigger. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( )36. The sky turns until the sun is shining on the place where you are. A. pink and brown and gold even a little green B. pink and red and gold even a little green C. pink and gold and yellow even a little green D. gold and pink and yellow even a little green ( )37. When the sun is shining on the other side of the world, where you are. A. it is bright B. it is night C. it looks brighter D. it is darker ( )38. We can’t see the stars in the sky because . A. it’s dark B. when the sun is gone C. the light from the sun is so bright D. the light from the sun is not bright ( )39. Big things look little . A. when they are far away B. when they are close to us C. when the sun is too bright D. when the sun is gone ( )40. Why does the sun look bigger than the other stars? A. Farther than the others. B. Bigger than the others. C. Closer than the others. D. Brighter than the others. (B) Learning about the environment is very important. There are many good books that will help you learn. To get started, ask your teacher or a librarian for some suggestions. You can also look at some good websites with information about the environment and climate change. Climate change may be a big problem, but there are many little things we can do to make a difference. Driving a car or using electricity is not wrong. We just have to be smart about it. Some people use less energy by carpooling. For example, four people can ride together in one car instead of driving four cars to work. Whenever we use electricity, we put greenhouse gases(气体) into the air. By turning off lights, the television and the computer when they aren’t needed, you can help a lot. Don’t buy products that use too much energy. Some products, like certain cars, are made specially to save energy. These don’t pollute as much, either. Products like computers, TVs, and VCRs with the ENERGY STAR label(标签)R are made to save energy. Buying products with these labels will help protect the environment. Buy recyclable products instead of ( 代 替 ) non-recyclable ones. Recyclable products are usually made out of things that have already been used. It usually takes less energy to make recyclable products than to make new ones. So when you go shopping, look for the recycle mark on the package—three arrows that make a circle. The less energy we use, the better. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( )41. The passage is mainly written for . A. car producers B. school students C. parents D. housewives ( )42. The underlined word “carpooling” in paragraph 2 most probably means . A. sharing a car B. pulling a car C. selling a car D. improving a car ( )43. From the passage, we can learn that . A. turning off the electricity when it isn’t needed can save a lot of energy. B. electricity will cause great trouble to our environment C. cars using less energy will not put greenhouse gases into the air D. recyclable products are marked with the ENERGY STAR label R ( )44. Which of the following can be the writer’s opinion? A. No pains, no gains. B. Rome was not built in one day. C. Little things can make a big difference. D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. ( )45. Which one is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. Driving a car is not wrong. B. Don’t buy products that use too much energy. C. We should buy non-recyclable products. D. The less energy we use, the better. (C) Audio digital books ( 有 声 图 书 ) are becoming more and more popular these years. One of the reasons for this is that audio digital books can be “read” in many places comfortably. The first favorite place of many people is in bed, before going to sleep, many people like to just lie in bed in the dark before they fall asleep at night. This would be the perfect time to listen to an audio digital book. If you read an ordinary book, the lights have to be turned on and you have to turn the pages with your hand. An audio book can just be listened to while a person stays comfortably in bed. The next favorite place of many people to listen to audio digital books would be in the kitchen. For some people kitchen chores are boring. Audio digital books provide good entertainment, and people don’t need to turn pages. An audio digital book is a favorite while a person is gardening. They can help take a person’s mind off job at hand. It can be fun and exciting to do gardening with the help of these books. An audio digital book is a favorite while a person is exercising. It allows the mind to be free while the legs, body and arms are kept busy. This would be a great place to listen to these books. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 46. Audio digital books are becoming more and more popular these years. ( ) 47. People are able to enjoy their evening reading comfortably because of audio digital books. ( ) 48. People in the kitchen are too bored to listen to audio digital books. ( ) 49. Audio digital books are suitable for either gardeners or sportsmen to “read” while they are working. ( ) 50. The passage is mainly about where people like to “read” audio digital books. (D) Many people always say that listening to spoken English is too hard for them. But if you don’t understand what people are saying, how can you talk with them? It may be difficult, but learning by listening is necessary. As we know, different people have different pronunciations of the same word. Standard pronunciation is important for English speaking as well as for listening. In China, people from one area may not understand what people from another area are saying because of the different Chinese dialects( 方 言 ). Standard Chinese pronunciation can help people from different places understand each other easily. It is the same as English. If your pronunciation is not standard, it is hard for other people to understand you. If you want to learn how to listen to English, the following ways are helpful. Get some good books with tapes. Do the exercises, from the simple to the difficult, step by step. You can also watch English-language films and TV programs, listen to English-language radio. Try to listen every day, even if only a few minutes. At first you may understand few words. Don’t give up. Just listen. Remember to read and speak English every day. It will help you to listen better, spend an hour reading English every day. Finally you will notice that you are making progress. Talk to English-speaking foreigners as often as possible. Foreigners will speak slowly with you, use simple words, and use body language to help you understand them. Don’t be afraid to talk to them. They won’t mind if you have trouble because they may have more trouble making themselves understood in Chinese. 根据短文内容, 完成下列句子，每空一词。 51. If your pronunciation is standard, it is for other people to understand you. 52. The writer show us ways to learn to listen to English. 53. If you spend an hour English every day, you’ll notice that you are making progress. 54. Different people won’t have the pronunciation of the same word. 55. Many people always say that listening to spoken English is not for them. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (30 分) Ⅰ.词汇。(10 分) (A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。 1.What’s the m of the word in Chinese? 2. The bad air makes my chest hurt and it’s difficult for me to b_____. 3.A_____ we have built the Green Great Wall, we still need to work hard to protect the environment. 4.W_____ you go there, please telephone me. I’ll go with you. 5.There’s no d_____ that computers are widely used by workers. (B)根据句意, 用所给单词的适当形式填空。其中有一个是多余的。 produce, pronunciation, conversation , retell, not dare, mention 6.The old car ________ in Germany in the 1980s. 7.Very few people can my name correctly. 8.I had a long with Tom yesterday. 9.Kate was told ________ the story in class. 10.She ________ to go out at night. Ⅱ.完成句子。(5 分) 11.Lucy came to Beijing in 2007. (同义句转换) Lucy _____ _____ in Beijing for about six years. 12.I’m going to Shanghai by plane next month. (同义句转换) I’m _____ _____ Shanghai next month. 13.政府应该采取措施控制污染。（完成译句） The government should do something to control the . Ⅲ.书面表达。(15 分) (A)根据提示写一张病假条(A Sick Leave)。(5 分) 提示: 假如你是陈燕, 得了重感冒，头痛、咳嗽、睡不好, 看了医生, 需卧床 休息两天。因此, 你向班主任王老师请假。 (B)根据下表提示，以 The Changes in My Hometown 为题，写一篇 80 词左 右的短文。(10 分) 过去 1.生活贫困, 房屋破旧 2.污染严重, 垃圾遍地 3.交通不便, 游客很少 现在 1.生活: 住房宽敞、明亮；许多人有自己的汽车 2.环境: 山更绿, 水更清, 天更蓝…… 3.旅游: 每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客 将来 请你展望家乡的未来 听 力 材 料 期末测试（二） Ⅰ.听句子，根据所听到的句子，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最恰当的答案。每 个句子读一遍。 1.Do you know what a rocket is used for? 2.I think we will live in space one day. 3.I hope I can go to Yunnan one day. 4.Project Hope can help many children to go to school. 5.The flowers and grass have gone! The water is so dirty! It smells terrible. Ⅱ.听对话，选择正确答案。每段对话读两遍。 6.M: Is Mrs. White at home or in the office? W: She’s in the office. 7.M: What are you going to do next Saturday, Miss King? W: I’m going to have a picnic with my family. 8.M: Robert comes from England. W: So does his friend, Allan. 9.M: Is this green bag yours, Lily? W: No, my bag is brown. 10.M: Who was the first to pass the finishing line in Grade Two? W: Mary. Ⅲ.听对话及问题，选择正确答案。每段对话及问题读两遍。 11.W: Would you like some hot coffee or tea? M: I like them both, but I prefer having something cold. Q: What does the man want to drink? 12.W: How can I get to the shopping center from here? M: You can take a bus or a taxi, but it isn’t too far. Maybe you can walk there if you’re not in a hurry. Q: Is the shopping center far away? 13.M: Let’s go to see a film at the Capital Cinema on Friday. W: I’d like to, but I’m going to the shop. Thanks for asking me. Q: What’s the woman going to do on Friday? 14.M: Why didn’t you buy the dress? W: Oh, it was too expensive. Q: What did the woman think of the dress? 15.M: Good afternoon. This is Mr. White at the Friendship Hotel. Is Mr. Black there? W: No, he is out to lunch. I’ll be glad to take a message. Q: Where is Mr. Black now? Ⅳ.听短文，选择最佳选项。短文读两遍。 Dear Wei Ming, I’m very glad to know that you are getting along well with your lessons, but you have trouble in written English. You don’t need to worry too much! I always think you are a hard-working student in my class. Here are my suggestions for you. Firstly, do more reading and listening in your spare time. Reading and listening will be very helpful for you to improve your writing. Secondly, try your best to write something in English every day. For example, you can keep an English diary. When you meet problems with new words and expressions, turn to your English books and dictionary. Thirdly, don’t be afraid of making mistakes. You will learn a lot of from the mistakes after you get them right. It’s the most important thing in learning English. Keep on working hard. Best wishes! Yours, Mr. Lee Ⅴ.听短文，完成下面的表格。短文读两遍。 When people talk about traveling into space, they will wonder whether humans can discover something new in space. So it’s necessary for us to carry out outer space explorations. Some scientists think it is important to research outer space. From that people can get a better understanding of outer space. New resources can be found there for humans. The explorations can probably bring about new living space for human’s life. However, most of the people don’t believe so, because they say all kinds of explorations cost much money. And it is very dangerous for astronauts to do much work. In order to improve our space for living, such explorations into outer space are worth trying out. 参 考 答 案 及 解 析 期末测试（二） 第一部分 听力 Ⅰ.1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B Ⅱ.6.A 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.B Ⅲ.11.A 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.B Ⅳ.16.A 17.C 18.C 19.A 20.C Ⅴ.21.explorations 22.understand 23.living space 24.much money 25.dangerous 第二部分 基础知识运用 Ⅰ. 1.D 考查连词用法，so“所以”；and “并且”；or “或者”；but “但是”。故选 D。 2.A be similar to“和……相似”，固定词组。故选 A。 3.C 考查一般过去时的被动语态。故选 C。 4.C 考查“疑问词+不定式”用法。故选 C。 5.B either side of the street 指的是街道的每一边，是用单数形式表达复数概念； every 指三者或三者以上每一个；all 指三者以上都……。街道只有两边。故 选 B。 6.A discover“发现，发觉(原已存在而未被发现的东西)”；invent “发明，创造 (世间并不存在的东西)”。故选 A。 7.C 形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词之后，something 用于 肯定句中。故选 C。 8.A So+主语+助动词/情态动词/be 表示 B 同意 A 所说的情况，意为“……的确 如此”。故选 A。 9.D have/has gone to 指已经去了某地，说话时人没回来；have/has been to 指已经去过某地。但是，谓语动词的单复数取决于 but also 之后的主语。 故选 D。 10.C agree“同意，赞成”（某事）；enjoy“享受……的乐趣”；admire“钦佩， 赞赏 (某人、某事物)”; believe“相信”。故选 C。 11.D 现在完成时中后接表一段时间的状语，其谓语动词要用延续性动词， 故用 keep 而不用 borrow。故选 D。 12.B stop sb. from doing sth. 表示“阻止某人做某事”。本句主语是谓语动词 动作的承受者，应用被动语态。故选 B。 13.B 短语 divide … into … “把……分成……”，half 的复数形式为 halves。 故选 B。 14.C 考查“虽然……但是……”用法，在英语中 although 和 but 不能连用只 能用一个，although 用于句首，but 用于句中。故选 C。 15.C 考查一般将来时的被动语态，school 是动作的承受者，由 one day 可知 用一般将来时的被动语态。故选 C。 Ⅱ.（A）16.B 17.D 18.E 19.A 20.C （B）21.held/which/that was held 22.If/When they win(the game) 23.what do you think of/how do you like 24.Do you agree with me/Don’t you agree what I said/Do (Don’t) you think so? 25.proud of Ⅲ. 26.C 我们知道，机器人可从事一些危险的工作。 27.D 机器人能够帮助残疾人和不能照料自己的人们。 28.B 使用导盲犬的人，自然是双目失明的人。 29.A 这种机器狗是走在主人前面的。 30.B 机器人和主人是通过无线电来讲话的。 31.D 由带子发出指令。 32.A 这里介绍的是另一种机器人。 33.C 这种机器人听到主人的声音以后，按照所提出的要求去做。 34.B 从后面听说的这种机器人是为病人服务的，说明是用于医院的机器人。 35.C 这里是在说明不会迷路的原因，要选 because。 Ⅳ.（A） 36.B 由 Then suddenly the sky is all pink and red and gold even a little green.可 知。太阳升起的过程“粉色—红色—金色甚至有点绿色。” 37.B 由 When the sun is shining on the other side of the world, it is night where you are.可知。当太阳在世界另一面照耀时，你这边是晚上。 38.C 由 All day the stars are in the sky, but the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them.可知。我们在天空中看不见星星是因为太阳光太亮。 39.A 由 Big things look little when they are far away. 可知，当大的物体离我们 远的时候看上去小。 40.C 由 The sun is closer than the other stars. So it looks bigger. 可知，太阳看 上去比别的星体大，是因为太阳离我们比较近。 （B） 41.B 由第一段中 ask your teacher or a librarian for some suggestions 可知这篇 短文主要是写给学生的。故选 B。 42.A 由第二段中 For example four people... to work.可知四个人坐一个小汽车 上班比四个人开四个小汽车环保。 43.A 由第三段中 By turning off lights... you can help a lot 可知我们在不用电 时，把电关掉能节约能源。 44.C 由 but there are many little things we can do to make a difference 可知,许多 小的事情，我们去做能产生很大的不同。 45.C 由第四段中 Buy recyclable products instead of(代替)non-recyclable ones. 可知，我们应该买可循环使用的产品，而不是不能循环使用的产品。 （C） 46.T 47.T 48.F 49.F 50.F （D） 51.easy 52.five 53.reading 54.same 55.easy 第三部分 语言知识运用 Ⅰ.(A) 1.meaning 2.breathe 3.Although 4.Whenever 5.doubt (B) 6.was produced 7.pronounce 8.conversation 9.to retell 10.doesn’t dare Ⅱ.11.has been 12.flying to 13.pollution Ⅲ.参考范文: (A) A Sick Leave Dear Mr. Wang， I’m sorry to tell you that I’m not feeling well today. I’ve caught a bad cold. I’ve had a headache and a cough. I didn’t sleep well last night. I went to see the doctor. The doctor told me to stay in bed for two days. So I can’t go to school today and tomorrow. I hope I’ll get well soon and back to school the day after tomorrow. Thank you. Yours， Chen Yan (B) The Changes in My Hometown In the past, my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old and small. Pollution was very serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The transportation was not convenient, so few visitors came here. Now great changes have taken place in my hometown. The environment has become much better. The mountains have turned greener. The rivers are clearer and the sky is bluer. There are trees, flowers and grass everywhere. People live a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit our city. I’m sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.