2020-2021学年中考英语语法专项讲解训练：宾语从句 11页

2020-2021 学年中考英语语法专项讲解训练：宾语从句 1.宾语从句的含义 宾语从句就是在复合句中充当宾语的句子，常作动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。 例 I think that he will come here by train. 我认为他会坐火车来这儿的。 He asked me whether I know his new address. 他问我是否知道他的新地址。 I want to know when you got back home yesterday. 我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。 从做题技巧来讲解宾语从句：语序、时态、连接词 2.语序：从句是陈述语序 例 Do you know when he will come back? I want to know who can answer my question.(who 在从句中作主语) 注意：语序指谓语动词一定要在主语后面。 试比较：What time is it? Could you tell me what time it is? 练习： 1.—Excuse, can you tell me ____? —Sorry, I don’t know. You can go to the information desk. A. that is there a train B. when the train leaves C. which train can I take D. where does the train go. 2. Could you tell me how much ________ to fly to Shanghai? A. does it cost B. it costs C. does it cost D. costs it 3. Could you tell me _______ ? I’m his old friend. A. where does Jim live B. when will Jim come back C. where Jim has gone D. how is Jim 3. 时态 1) 当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据实际情况采用任何一种时态； 例 I don’t know when he finished homework last night. She tells me that she will come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。 2) 当主句是一般过去时时，从句也应该采用相应的过去的某种时态 例 He asked when they would go to America. She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. He asked his father how it happened． 注意：如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用 什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如： 例 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。 练习 1. Please tell me_____. I have some good news for him. A. where Robert lives B. where does Robert live C. where Robert lived D. where did Robert live 2.—Come in, please. But could you please tell me ______? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. Where you bought the book? D. how do you came to school 4. Could you tell me________? A. When will Mary come back B. When Mary comes back C. When Mary will come back （3）连接词 ※that 无词义,不充当句子成分，在非正式文体中常被省略。 例 I hope (that) you will like this color. 我希望你会喜欢这种颜色。 ※if 或 whether 表示选择，意为“是否”，在句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，通常情况下 可互换，不可省略，口语中常用 if。 例 I am not sure if/whether my mother will come back tomorrow. 连接词的类型 所作句子成分 从属连词 that 不作句子成分，只起连接作用 if whether 连接代词 who(ever) 主语、宾语、表语 whom 宾语 whose 定语 what(ever) 主语、宾语、表语、定语 which(ever) 主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 when 时间状语 where 地点状语 why 原因状语 how 方式状语 注意：以下情况只能用 whether. ①与 or not 连用时。 I don’t know whether he likes the book or not.我不知道他喜不喜欢这本书 ②作介词的宾语时。 It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow.这取决于每天是否会下雨 ③后接不定式时。 He hasn’t decided whether to go.他还没有决定去还是不去 练习 1. You have not yet answered my question _____ I can join in the party tonight or not. A. whether B. if C. that D. which 2. _____ the 2008 Olympic will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whether B. If C. Whenever D. That 答案：1.A 2.A 请完成以下练习 1.－Excuse me, can you tell me _____? －At about 8 o’clock. A.what time the plane arrive in Beijing B.what time the plane will arrive Beijing C.what time the plane will reach Beijing D.what time will the plane get to Beijing 参考答案：C 2.－Could you tell me _____ the Dragon Boat Festival in China? －Sure. People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi. A.when do people celebrate B.why people celebrate C.how people celebrate 参考答案：C 3.－Do you know _____? －Yes. It’s on your table. A. where my dictionary is B. where is my dictionary C. when I bought my dictionary 参考答案：A 4.－Do you know _____? －For a month. A. how long will she be away B. how long she will be away C. how often will she go there D. how often she will go there 参考答案：B 5.－I wonder _____. －Yes, of course. A.where we can buy the parts B.how often you hear form your sister C.if I may have a word with you D.why he arrived late yesterday 参考答案：C 6. 一 Excuse me, Miss Chen, could you tell me _____? —It is short for the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. A.what the Belt and Road meant B.what does the Belt and Road mean C.what the Belt and Road means 参考答案：C 7.Could you tell me _____ a moment ago? A.what were they talking about B.what are they talking about C.what they were talking about D.what they are talking about 参考答案：C 8.－Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday? －Sorry, I don’t know if he _____. But I know he _____ interest in sports. A. will go; is B. goes; is C. goes; has no D. will go; has no 参考答案：D 9.－Do you know _____? －Sorry, I don’t know. A.how old is he B.how old he is C.how old does he 参考答案：B 10.－Could you please tell me _____? －About twenty minutes ago. A.when did you see this kid B.where did you see this kid C.when you saw this kid D.where you saw this kid 参考答案：C 11.This morning my mother asked me _____. A. why he is not here B. where Julia went last weekend C. what time is it D. how did my brother do it 12.－Did you have a good time in Jining? －Come and have a look. My photos will show you _____. A.how was the trip B.why did we go there C.how we went there D.what the trip was like 参考答案：D 13.－Excuse me, could you tell me _____? －In five minutes. A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will begin C. how long the film has been on D. how long has the film been on 参考答案：B 14.－Ms. Perry, can you tell me _____? －Africa. A. what the baby giraffe likes eating B. why the baby giraffe looks unhappy C. when the baby giraffe was born D. where the baby giraffe came from 参考答案：D 15.－Mr. Wang, can you tell me _____? －http://www.gsedu.gov.cn will help you. A.what I can do to help you B.where can I get my score for this examination C.why I need some help D.where I can search for the information about education in our province 参考答案：D 16.－Can you tell me _____? －Sure. He lives on Center Street. A.where does he live B.where he lives C.why he lives there D.what does he do 参考答案：B 17.I don’t know _____. A.where she comes from B.how old is she C.when was she born 参考答案：A 18.－I’d like to know _____. －Maybe in the forest. A.whether we will go camping B.where we will go camping C.whether will we go camping D.where will we go camping 参考答案：B 19.－Your book is very interesting. Could you tell me _____? －In Xinhua Bookstore next to our school. A.where did you buy it B.why did you buy it C.where you bought it D.why you bought it 参考答案：C