2020-2021学年中考英语语法考点精讲练习：阅读理解 3页

2020-2021学年中考英语语法考点精讲练习：阅读理解 【名师解难】 阅读理解是中考英语里一个特殊的存在，它既是我们的得分点，又是容易丢分的点。这就需要我们应用做 题技巧在短时间内判断出准确答案。中考英语阅读理解的四大题型“细节事实，主旨大意，推理判断，词意 猜测”基本都是按照行文顺序来设置答案。找到题型内在的规律有助于同学们在最短的时间内找到正确的答 案。 细节事实题 这类题型有几个细分题型，比如细节事实题型，是非判断题，例证题，绝对类细节题。 细节事实题的解题方法： 这类题的技巧是找关键词，利用关键词定位，比如数字，大写的单词，人名或者地名，然后快速扫定 位出这些关键词在文章中的位置，再跟题目核对，找出正确答案或者排除错误选项。这类题目出题人往往 会设置一些干扰选项去迷惑考生，比如把甲的观点按到乙的头上，把原文中肯定的回答变成否定的回答。 仔细阅读题目和含有答案的句子是得分的关键所在。这种题型也要十分注意句子的其他成分，比如定语， 状语，这些都能够成为出题人设下的陷阱。 是非判断题的解题方法 这类题型切记要先弄清楚是选出正确的答案还是错误的答案，通常是三个正确的选一个错误的，或者 是三个错误的选一个正确的。如果答案句是长难句，不要慌乱，先把句子的主干找到，弄清句子的大意。 杭州一对一辅导老师题型大家切记不要受惯性思维诱导只选对的，去抠细节，导致答非所问。 例证题的解题方法 这类题型一定要主要找关键词“for example…”,”such as…”, 然后定位题目中的位置 绝对类细节题的注意事项： 当选项中有the only, most, all ,none 这类词的时候，选择时候一定要谨慎 主旨大意题 此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。 主旨大意题的解题方法 这类题型是考察考生对于文章的总体领会程度，而非细节。这类题型首先需要把关注点放在首末两段 上，如果首末两段互相呼应，有重复出现的表达方式，那么主题即在重复的部分，在选项中选出与之相符 的答案即可。 如果首末两段没有关联性，那么需要判断文章的内容主要在阐述哪一部分，是首段还是末段。技巧便 是把注意力放在每个段落的首句和末句，因为首句是该段文字的主题句，末句则是归纳总结句，这类题型 不必纠结于细节。 推理判断的解题方法 这类题型一定要注意，如果文中原句重现作为选项，一定是错的，因为这个题型的用意是让学生根据 文中句子进行推理，需要进一步的判断过程，如果选项明显违背常识的话，也是错误选项。 此外，还有一点要注意，如果文中没有出现的细节，我们也不能进行推断。 词义猜测题的解题方法 首先是对大纲要求词汇熟练掌握，平时做题时遇到生词要主动积累，词汇量越大，这类题型越没有 难度。其次，如果完全不认识的生词，要根据上下文进行推断，从前后句子或者单词中找出其含义，有一 种技巧就是将答案中的选线套入题中逐个筛选。如果遇到代词，则可以确定，其代替的必然是上一句中的 人，事或则物。一定要在前一句中找答案。 [实例解析] On a hot summer day in south Florida, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house. In a hurry to dive into the cool water ,he ran out of the back door ,leaving behind shoes and shirt as he went. He flew into the water , not realizing that as he swam toward the middle of the lake, a crocodile was swimming toward him. His mother in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two .In great fear , she ran toward the water, shouting to her son as loudly as she could . Hearing her voice, the little boy became alarmed and made a U-turn to swim to his mother. It was too late .Just as he reached her, the crocodile reached him. From the shore, the mother caught her little boy by the arms just as the crocodile snatched his legs. That began an incredible tug-of-war between the two. The crocodile was much stronger than the mother, but the mother was much too eager to let go. A farmer happened to drive by, heard their screams, raced from his truck, took aim and shot the crocodile. After several weeks in hospital , the little boy survived. His legs were extremely scarred by the attack of the animal. And, on his arms, were deep scratches where his mother’s fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved . A newspaper reporter , who interviewed the boy , asked if he would show him his scars (伤疤). The boy lifted his legs. And then, with obvious pride, he said to the reporter ,”but look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too. I have them because my Mum wouldn’t let go.” Never judge another person’s scars, because you don’t know how they were made. 1. What is probably the best title for the passage? A. Scars of love B. Women holds up half sky C. A terrible experience D. Don’t judge by appearances 2. Hearing Mother’s shouts , the boy_______. A. remained in the middle in great fear B. didn’t stop swimming forwards C. swam back towards the bank D. was ready to fight the crocodile 3. Which of the following statements is true according to the text? A. A crocodile attacked him when the boy and his mother were bathing. B. The crocodile bit the arms of the boy when it reached him. C. It was the farmer who shot the crocodile. D. There is always an interesting story behind every scar. 4. By saying “But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too.” In paragraph4, the boy really wants to show ________. A. how deep the scars made by the crocodile were B. what a brave boy he was C. how many scars and scratches he had D. how great and beloved his mother was （答案 1-4 ACCD ）