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先至教育
辅导时间：3/ 5 年 级：初三 时 长：2 H
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
授课类型
回答问题专项阅读理解
教学目标
学会总结文章大意，归纳主旨
授课时段
8:00-10:00
回答问题篇—技巧与策略
考试说明
《课标》初中生要达到的五级阅读目标要求：
l 能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系
l 能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物
l 能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息
l 能获取文章的具体信息
l 能理解归纳文章的主旨要义
题型介绍
根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。
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历史回顾
近几年的中考题中，特殊疑问句的比例在增大，2015年达到了100%；
选择疑问句近五年中考只在2013年考了1题；一般疑问句由原来的必考1题在2015年也宣告了它的终结。
未来预测
命题难度将有所上升，突出能力考查与选拔功能，这主要表现在命题从不同角度，不同思维方式出发，除了考查准确获得信息的能力外更多的是测试综合运用英语的能力。
提问类型
1.由一般疑问句引出的判断题（Yes或No回答）
2.由选择疑问句（ A or B）来提问文章的细节。（选择A或者B来回答）
3.由特殊疑问词Who(人物)、Where(地点)、When(时间)、What(事件)、Why(原因)、 How(方式)引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章的细节。（根据文章细节回答）
4.用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：
What’s the main idea of the passage?
What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?
What are the main points about ... in this passage?（概括文章大意）
解题技巧
答题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。
1. 一般疑问句用Yes/No回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了。
2. 选择疑问句回答时不用Yes/No，需选择其中正确的一部分来做答。
真题链接
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66．Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s? It was poor.
模拟链接
66. Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one? A good choice.
3. 回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。
(1)问目的，就应当用 for短语，不定式短语等来回答；
(2)问原因，就应当用 because of 短语或because 从句来回答；
(3)问方式，就应当用 By doing来回答；
(4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。
(5)提问词是what 只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;
真题链接
79. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?
To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action.
67. Why should they have proper weig ht?
Because they won’t get hurt when they land ,or get blown by strong winds.
67．Why did the restaurant workers have no time to learn English?
Because they often worked 17 hours a day.
18. How did young Chico get money?
By taking a little rubber．
模拟链接
69. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
To give suggestions about what to do to feel good and have fun on hot days.
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66. How do we make our mother feel close to us?
By respecting her point of view.
65. What can help us understand our mother better?
Remembering / Knowing our mother’s age.
64. What are Smokejumpers?
Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter.
1. 初读文章，标好段。
2. 根据问题中的 key words 在文章中定位信息。--稳、准、快
3. 表述信息 精（炼）
准 (确) 人称
变
时态
阅读回答问题第5题的解法
l 1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。
l 2.抓住文章的结构，通过语篇结构分析文章的主旨大意。
l 3.记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：
l development (n.), history (n.) ,(dis)advantage (n.) , Importance (n.) , suggestion (n.) value (n.) information (n.), Introduction (n.), feature (n.)，responsible (adj.) , creative (adj.) successful (adj.) confident, (adj.) achieve (v.), encourage (v.)
l 4.最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：
l It’s( about)…
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l What…is and how…
l To help…and encourage…
真题链接
68. What’s needed to be a smoke jumpers?
To be a smoke jumper,one needs to have proper height and weight, be able to live in the wilderness and love his/her job.
Para4. Although most smoke jumpers are men, more women are joining. Most important are your weight and height. Smoke jumpers in the U.S. for example ,must be 54 to 91 kilograms, so they don’t get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.
Para5. Smoke jumpers must be able to live in the wilderness. in Russia ,many smoke jumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees.
Para6. They work is dangerous, the hours are long. But for these firefighters, smoke jumpers isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smoke jumpers Alexi Tishin says,“This is the best job for the strong and brave.”
此题答案应在4、5、6段中找，粗体部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。
68. What does the writer want to tell us?
Why and how to be a responsible consumer. We need to be responsible for our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean?
Use It Up
You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Use the last little piece of soap. ...
Wear It Out
You do not always need to have new things. Suppose your sneakers anymore. Then you can get a new one....
此题答案粗体部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。文中有小标题,文章为总-分
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结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都在说what exactly a frugal consumer means，也就是how to be a frugal consumer。
模拟链接
68. What does the writer want to tell us?
Some road rules and the ways to get more information on road safety in New Zealand.
此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总-分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。the road rules是关键词，下面的小标题都是在说road rules,最后的小标题在说more information，也需要总结。
69.What are the main points about Chinatown in this passage?
Where it is and how it has develope. Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of London．It is just between Leicester Square and Shaftsbury Avenue．Gerrard Street is at the center and is the most important street in the area．There is a large Chinese community（社区）with a lot of Chinese restaurants, Chinese supermarkets and shops in this street．
In the 1950s, it was a poor area and everything was very cheap．....
In the 1970s and 1980s, British-born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought ....
Now everyone knows about London’s Chinatown．During the Chinese New Year, ...
归纳第一段大意为Where it is，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为how it has developed。
79. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?
One cool April 22 morning, people started the day as usual. Yet it was not a normal day. What′s so special about April 22? The answer is simple. It is Earth Day. People all over the world celebrate this important day. The idea of having a special day to celebrate Earth began in the 1960s. Life was very different then.
Few people talked or even thought about the environment. Most people had no idea how dirty our air and water were.
On April 22, 1970, twenty million (百万) Americans joined the first Earth Day activities. They showed that people really did want to do something about the environment. Since then laws have been passed to protect the air, water, land, and animals.
The vehicles such as cars and buses you ride in must pass tests to make sure they don′t cause too much pollution. Thanks to this law, cars today release (排放) about half as many bad chemicals as cars did back in 1970. As a result, the air we breathe is cleaner than it once was.
Rivers and lakes are also cleaner today than they were in the 1970s. It′s a good thing because they needed a lot of
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help. The Cuyahoga River in Ohio was so polluted that rubbish and oil on the river even caught fire! Today, the river is cleaner. It no longer burns. It′s healthy enough for birds, fish, and other animals.
Now the celebration has spread to other countries. More than 175 countries take part each year.
In 2007, people in China paid much attention to a big problem. People were throwing away 27 million plastic bags a day! People had “Bye-Bye Throwaway Culture Week.” They wanted everyone to see how wasteful it was to use so many plastic bags. In 2008, China passed new laws against them.
Every April 22, millions get together to clean and protect Earth. They also celebrate how far we have come. Our job is to put this knowledge to work. You can help keep our planet healthy too!
此题关键问的是the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day，找到关键句再加以归纳总结。
To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action.
解题技巧
1. 在组织答语时要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述的句子内容要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文的句子。
2. 最后一题要关注语篇结构（总-分、分-总、总-分-总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案通常是两个要点。2012年最后一题答案为三个要点。
总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼概括，言简意赅，体现“简”与“准”二字。
随堂练习
第一篇
It is widely accepted that television is playing an important part in people's lives. But, there is a heated discussion as to whether television does good or harm.
Television keeps one learning more about present events, allows one to follow the most re cent developments in politics and science, and offers various programs which are .both instructive and exciting. The most distant countries, the strangest customs and the most attractive scenes of nature are brought right into one's room or house.
However, some people insist that television is bad rather than good. They argue that it has brought about many serious problems. The major one is its effects on young people. Children are now so used to getting their information and entertainment from television that their ability to read and write as well as physical ability has been greatly weakened. Even worse than that, vulgar( 庸俗的) advertisements and poor programs may develop their bad tastes, shape their view points badly towards human life to such a degree that their minds might be destroyed.
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In a word, television has both advantages and disadvantages. Whatever effects it has, one point is certain, television in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the use to which it is put that decides its value to society.
1. What are people discussing nowadays?
___________________________________
2. What are the advantages television has brought us ? (至少2点)
___________________________________
3. Why do some people think television is bad rather than good?
___________________________________
4. It is the use to which it is put that decides its value to society.
___________________________________
5. What's your opinion about television?
答案：1.whether television does good or harm.
2.Television keeps one learning more about present events, allows one to follow the most recent developments in politics and science, and offers various programs which are both instructive and exciting. .....
3.Because they argue that it has brought about many serious problems.
4.它是由人们对电视的具体使用决定它对社会的价值的。
5. Television has both advantages and disadvantages. Television in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the use to which it is put that decides its value to society.(The answer may be varied)
第二篇
In the 1930s a young traveler was climbing the French Alps(法国阿尔卑斯山).He arrived at big piece of land without living things.It was ugly.It was the kind of place you hurry away from.
Then,suddenly,the young traveler stopped on the way.In the middle of this large land there was an old man.On his back was a bag of seeds.In his land was an iron pipe(铁管).
The man used the iron pipe to make a hole in the ground.Then from the bag he took a seed and put it in the hole.He did this again and again.
Later the old man told the traveler,“I’ve planted over 100,00 seeds.Perhaps only a tenth of them will grow.”
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The old man’s wife and son had died,and this was how he chose to spend his final years.
“I want to do something useful,”he said.
(1)二十年以后那个年轻的游客已不再年轻。 He retutned to the place.What he saw amazed him.He could mot believe his eyes.The land was covered with a beautiful forest two miles wide and five miles long.Birds were singing,animals were playing,and wild flowers were here and there.
(2)The traveler stood there remembering the lifeless picture of the place that it once was.A beautiful forest stood there now,all because someone cared.
1.Why did the old man plant seeds?
______________________________________________________________
2.How many seeds did the old man think could grow,all of them or only some?
______________________________________________________________
3.What amazed the young traveler when he returned to the place?
_________________________________________________________________
4. 将短文中（1）汉语翻译成英语
5. 将短文中（2）英语翻译成汉语
71、Because he wants to plant a beautiful forest for people to change the large land without living things.
72、Only some .
73、Because the land was covered with a beautiful forest two miles wide and five miles long .
74、25 years later the young traveler is no long young .
75、那位游客站在那儿回想过去这里寸草不生一片死寂的画面。
课后作业
Two Chinese farmers sang "in the spring" in their small room after drinking in a late August evening in Beijing. A friend put their song on the Internet. And soon they became stars around China.
Wang Xu,44, is from Henan, and Liu Gang, 29, is from Heilongjiang. They are among the millions of farmers who have gone to the cities to work.
"Although nobody pays attention to the music, I am singing happily, on streets, under bridges or in wild country,
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with no credit card, no girlfriend or a home with hot water, but only a guitar.” They sing, “It is just like the life we live now.” Wang said, “We are poor farmers, and you know people won't care about us."
Their song is loved by millions of Chinese, including the people who are also from the countryside. Many people said they cried after listening to the song.
Wang came to Beijing in 2000 and has tried many jobs. Each month after he paid 600 yuan for the house and bought food, there was little money left. "I love music, and also want to make more money." Wang said. "I never dreamed of standing on such a big stage.”
Liu came to Beijing in 2002. "I wanted to try my luck in the big city." He said. And now their dreams of music have come true. They are really the luckiest of all the timers in China.
1. Where is Liu Gang from?
_________________________________________________________________
2. Have their dreams of music come true?
_________________________________________________________________
3. When was Wang Xu bom?
__________________________________________________________________
4. Why did Liu Gang come to Beijing in 2002?
____________________________________________________________________
5. What do you think of the two farmer singers?
【主旨大意】 本文介绍了农民工歌手组合“旭日阳刚”。
1. He is from Heilongjiang.
2. Yes, they have.
3. In 1967.
4. He wanted to try his luck in the big city.
5. They are really cool.
Greg Woodburn, a university student, spends a lot of time cleaning sports shoes. Some of them once belonged to him; some belonged to his friends. But soon the shoes will have new owners, poor children in the USA and 20 other countries, thanks to Greg’s Share Our Soles(鞋底) (S.O.S) charity.
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Greg was a high school running star in a small town in California. He had to stop running for months because his knee was injured. “I started thinking about all the things I got from running, the health, the friendships and the confidence.” he says. And I realized there are children who don’t even have shoes.
Greg collected his own sports shoes and then called his friends and the town. His aim was to have 100 pairs by Christmas 2006. When the number climbed to more than 500 pairs. Greg know that he could collect sports shoes all year round.
Now he has set up collection boxes in his town. So far, S.O.S has collected and donated more than 3,000 pairs of shoes. And Greg has cleaned almost all of them. “People think of it as duty work,” he says, “but I like doing it, because I feel happy when I’m doing it. It’s not work I want to pass on to someone else.”
In just three years, Greg has started three branches(分部) of S.O.S and there are more and more sports shoes.
For many poor children who have received the shoes mean opportunity. Two young boys in southern California used to go to school on alternate days(隔日) because they both shared a pair of shoes. They were too big for one boy and too small for the other. Thanks to S.O.S, each brother received his own pair of shoes. The boys now go to school every day. When they graduate, they say they will help others, just as Greg helped them.
根据短文内容回答下列问题（共5个小题，计10分）
1. Who will Greg donate these sports shoes to?
_____________________________________________
2. From running Greg got health, friendships and confidence, and what did he realize?
_____________________________________________
3. How many pairs of shoes has S.O.S collected and donated so far?
_____________________________________________
4. Why does Greg like to clean the donated shoes?
__________________________________________________
5. What did the two boys in southern California learn from Greg?
66. To the children who don’t even have shoes.
67. He realized there are children who don’t even have shoes.
68. More than 3,000 pairs of shoes.
69. Because he feels happy when he is doing it.
70. From Greg they learned that they should help others.
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