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2020年广东省东莞市中考
英语试卷
一、语法选择(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,共10分)通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案将其字母编号填写在题号前的括号内.
I was a teacher at a kindergarten three years ago in the city of Atlanta. One day, a little boy ran fast on the playground. Then I saw him__1__to a little girl and she fell down.
Like many other common stories, the story_2_ go on like this. The girl began to cry, but the little boy just looked at the little girl_3_.Then the girl ran to me and complained about
the boy.She would ask me__4__ the boy.
Then let me tell you what_5_next. The little boy laid himself down on the floor quickly.Then_6_ stood up and walked to the lite girl. He pulled_7_the little girl and said," I'm sorry. It seemed that we knocked into each other. I hope it didn't hurt you." 'The little girl looked surprised,_8_ she still stood up and said," Oh, sorry!" Then they walked away.
_9_ surprised I was when I saw what the boy did! Though he was just_10_ little boy, he stopped a bad result from happening in a very simple way. The wisdom (智慧) of children
Always surprised me.
(1)A.knock B. knocks C. knocked D. to knock
(2)A. will B. would C. won't D. wouldn't
(3)A. quiet B. quietly C. quieter D. more quietly
(4)A. punish B. punishing C. punished D. to punish
(5)A. happens B. is happening C. happened D. has happened
(6)A. himself B. him C. he D. his
(7)A. out B. in C. up D. down
(8)A. and B. though C. so D. but
(9)A. How B. What. C. What a D. What an
(10)A.a B. an C. the D./
二、完形填空(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,共10分.)通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案将其字母编号填写在题号前的括号内.
My dad left my family when I was 6 years old.I had to live with my mom from then on.As a single mother,my mom had to work for_11_ of us in the city.She worked hard to _12_ our rent(房租) and my school. As a result, there wasn't much money left for_13_ things.
One day, my best friend_14_me to his birthday party. My mom had just paid the rent and we didn't have much money left, so I could not afford a_15_.I just brought a birthday card.
I was old enough to understand, but still felt sad.
To show my_16_,I arrived at my friend's house early. My fiend's mom knew my family's
predicament (窘境), so she took me to a room_17_ and showed me some new toys.
She let me_18_ one and write my name on it. I was_19_ and touched by her kindness.
I'm 37 now._20_ my mom is no longer single and our family isn't poor anymore,I am still
grateful to my friend's mom for what she did. That act had a big influence on me.
(11)A. all B. both C. either D. neither
(12)A.look for B. send for C. ask for D. pay for
(13)A. other B. another C. others D. the other
(14)A.sent B. invited C. took D. brought
(15)A. gift B. book C. house D. card
(16)A. politeness B. sadness C. happiness D. business
(17)A. hardly B. secretly C. seriously D. sadly
(18)A.pick out B. point out C. put out D. look out
(19)A. worried B. scared C. surprised D. bored
(20)A. But B. Because C. Although D. So
三、阅读理解(本大题共3小题,每小题10分,共40分.)从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案.将其字母编号填写在题号前括号内.
A
A new waste -sorting policy came out in Shanghai on July 1", 2019. How do people in Shanghai sort their waste? Let's look at the pictures.
(21)How many kinds of waste do people sort in Shanghai?______
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
(22)We should put unwanted books in the______bin.
A. recyclable B. dangerous C. wet D. dry
(23)Which of the following should be put in the wet bin?______
A. Plastic bottles. B. Paper cups. C. Fruit. D. Shells.
(24)The following is a kind of recyclable paper EXCEPT______.
A. newspapers B. magazines C. books D. postcards
(25)The passage mainly tells us______.
A. how to sort waste B. how to use recyclable things
C. what to do with the dry waste D. what kind of waste is dangerous
B
Many people dream of traveling into outer space. However, spending too much time in space may cause health problems, according to NASA. That's why astronauts shouldn't spend more than six months on the International Space Station (ISS) at a time.
Muscle (肌肉) and bone loss
In a weightless environment, astronauts don't need to use their muscles to support themselves,so their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS.
Sleep disorder (混乱)
In space, the sun rises every 90 minutes. It is hard for astronauts to get used to this light- dark cycle when they sleep.Also, they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall, and it is uncomfortable.
Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light. Still,studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night, even though they should have eight and a half hours.
Brain change
Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during spaceflight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That's why some astronauts can't control their movement and balance after running to the Earth. Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more spaceflights. But they still need to do more research.
(26)According to the passage, astronauts may have the flowing health problems EXCEPT______.
A. bone loss B. brain changes C. sleep disorder D. headache
(27)Astronauts may have muscle problems after returning to the Earth because______.
A. they seldom walk while in space
B. they are too busy to exercise in space
C. they don't have enough room to exercise in space
D. they don't need to use their muscles to support themselves in space
(28)Astronauts sleep in individual seeing pods to______.
A. stay warm at night B. shut out light C. enjoy a quiet place D. avoid moving around
(29)The underlined word "shrinking" in the second paragraph means______.
A.萎缩 B.改变 C.消失 D.膨胀
(30)The best title of this passage is______.
A. Sleep Disorder in Space
B. Brain Changes in Space
C. Muscle and Bone Loss in Space
D. Health Problems in Space
C
Do you know a saying about the swan feather (天鹅羽毛)?
This saying comes from a historic book called Lu Shi;According to the story,a Tang Dynasty official (唐朝官员) in Yunnan wanted to show his respect to the emperor.He sent a man named Mian Bogao to bring some gifts to the emperor. One of the gits was a beautiful swan, and it was a very valuable gift at the time.
Mian took good care of the swan on his way to the emperor. One day he passed by a lake and wanted to let the swan drink some water. But as soon as he set the swan free, the swan flew away, leaving only some feathers on the ground.Mian was very worried,but he didn't run away.He decided to tell the emperor what happened. He picked up a feather and kept going on his trip.
When Mian met the emperor, he told him what happened and said," This swan feather is light, but it carries my deep respect for you." The emperor was happy with Mian's honesty and sincerity(真诚). He forgave Mian. People now use the saying to show that a good gift doesn't have to be expensive. W hat matters is the sincerity it carries.
(31)The saying about the swan feather is from______.
A. a famous poem
B. a historic book
C. a popular novel
D. a latest newspaper
(32)The Tang Dynasty official in Yunnan sent many gifts to the emperor because______.
A. he was afraid of the emperor
B. he wanted to show the emperor he was rich
C. he wanted to show his respect to the emperor
D. he wanted to make good friends with the emperor
(33)Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?______
A. Mian wanted the swan to fly away.
B. Mian killed the swan and got its feather.
C. Mian set the swan free to drink some water.
D. Mian tried to run away after the swan flew away.
(34)From the story, we know that Mian is a(n)______person.
A. careless B. rude C. honest D. proud
(35)The Chinese meaning of this story is______.
A.礼轻情意重 B.路遥知马力 C.酒逢知己饮 D.富贵险中求
D
阅读配对 配对阅读左栏是五个人遇到的问题,右栏是七则建议,请为每个人选择合适的建议,并将其字母编号写在题号前的括号内.
(36)______Sarah has some problems in her English study. She tries her best, but she is still poor at English. She doesn't know what to do.
(37)______John has trouble in falling asleep at night. He can't go to sleep though he is tired. This makes him tired and nervous.
(38)______Tim likes eating junk food very much, such as hamburgers. As a result, he becomes fatter and fatter.
(39)______Grace is very sad because she has a quarrel with her best friend. She doesn't know
A. I think a good talk with your friend is necessary for you. If it is you who make the mistake, you should say' sorry"" to her. Communication is the best way to solve the problem.
B. Practice makes perfect. If you want to learn English well, you should practice more. Watching English movies is helpful. And you can remember English words before sleeping or after getting up.
C. You should drink much more water. You'd better have a day off and have a good rest.If necessary, a doctor can help you.
D. Don't get too excited before going to bed. You can drink a glass of milk but not coffee.If it doesn't work,you'd better go to see a doctor.
E. You'd better have a good plan for your study.Make a good schedule according to all the subjects that you learn. Listen
whether they can be good friends again.
(40)______Tina is a shy girl. She is afraid of speaking in public. She becomes nervous when she speaks in front of other people. She doesn't know what to do.
to the teachers carefully when you are having lessons.
F. You should pay more attention to your eating habits.You shouldn't eat much junk food.Instead, you should eat more fruit and vegetables. Doing exercise every day can also help you.
G. You should be more self-.confident. Try to join some clubs, take part in some parties, and make more friends. I'm sure you will not be so nervous as before.
四、短文填空请用适当的词完成下面的短文.每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词.(本题共1小题,每小题15分,共15分)
One day, a mouse told the animals on the farm,"There (41)______a mousetrap (老鼠夹) in the farmer's house!"
The chicken said," I really want to help you.(42)______, I am not strong enough."
The pig answered with(43)______smile, "Oh really? You'd better leave here."
The cow said happily, "It's a big problem for you only."
The mouse (44)______ away angrily.
On that night, they all heard the sound of a mousetrap snapping (咔嚓一声) shut. It was so(45)______ that the farmer's wife couldn't see things clearly. She thought it must be a mouse caught in the trap. But to(46)__surprise, it was a snake and the snake bit her. The farmer took her to the (47)____ and the doctor said she was badly ill.
The farmer wanted to take good care of her. He killed the chicken to make some soup, but she was still sick. Her friends came to visit her. The farmer killed the(48)_to make dinner for them. Sadly,his wife died the next day. Many people came to her funeral (葬礼). The farmer(49)______ the cow to cook enough meat for all of them.
When someone is facing a problem, don't think it has nothing to do(50)______ you. When one of
us is in danger, we are all in danger because we are living under the same sky.
五、读写综合(本大题共 25分)A.请阅读以下短文内容,根据所提供的信息,回答问题,把答案写在答题卡指定的位置上.(每小题10分,共10分)
How to Protect Yourself & Others from COVID-19?
Know how it spreads
●The virus is thought to spread mainly from person to person.
●The best way to prevent illness is to avoid being exposed(暴露)to this virus(病毒).
Wash your hands often
●Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after you go to a public place.
●Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.
Stay away from crowds.
●Stay away from people who are sick.
●Stay at home as much as possible.
●Keep at least one meter away from people around you,especially those who are coughing or sneezing (打喷嚏).
Cover your mouth and nose with a mask when around others
●Wear a mask when you have to go out in public.
●The mask is used to protect people from getting infected.
Keep a healthy lifestyle
●It's important to have healthy eating habits.For example,drink more milk and eat more vegetables.
●Proper exercise is necessary.
●Having enough sleep is good for you.
(51)What's the best way to prevent illness?______
(52)How long should you wash your hands after you go to a public place?______
(53)How far should you keep away from people around you?______
(54)What should you wear when you have to go out in public?______
(55)How many ways of protecting yourself and others are there in the passage?______
B.书面表达(15分)
新冠肺炎(COVID-19)影响着我们的学习和生活,我们应该如何做好日常防护呢?请你以"How to Protect Ourselves from COVID-19"为题,写-篇作文,80 词左右.
内容包括:.
1.简单介绍你对新冠肺炎的认识:
2.对如何做好日常防护提出建议(至少3点);
3.呼吁大家远离病毒,保持健康.
How to Protect Ourselves from COVID-19
The broke -out of COVID-19 has influenced our life and study a lot. ____________ .
2020年广东省东莞市中考英语试卷
一、语法选择(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,共10分)通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案将其字母编号填写在题号前的括号内.
I was a teacher at a kindergarten three years ago in the city of Atlanta. One day, a little boy ran fast on the playground. Then I saw him__1__to a little girl and she fell down.
Like many other common stories, the story_2_ go on like this. The girl began to cry, but the little boy just looked at the little girl_3_.Then the girl ran to me and complained about
the boy.She would ask me__4__ the boy.
Then let me tell you what_5_next. The little boy laid himself down on the floor quickly.Then_6_ stood up and walked to the lite girl. He pulled_7_the little girl and said," I'm sorry. It seemed that we knocked into each other. I hope it didn't hurt you." 'The little girl looked surprised,_8_ she still stood up and said," Oh, sorry!" Then they walked away.
_9_ surprised I was when I saw what the boy did! Though he was just_10_ little boy, he stopped a bad result from happening in a very simple way. The wisdom (智慧) of children
Always surprised me.
(1)A.knock B. knocks C. knocked D. to knock
(2)A. will B. would C. won't D. wouldn't
(3)A. quiet B. quietly C. quieter D. more quietly
(4)A. punish B. punishing C. punished D. to punish
(5)A. happens B. is happening C. happened D. has happened
(6)A. himself B. him C. he D. his
(7)A. out B. in C. up D. down
(8)A. and B. though C. so D. but
(9)A. How B. What. C. What a D. What an
(10)A.a B. an C. the D./
【分析】文章通过作者亲身经历的,一个小男孩在撞倒一个小女孩后的解决方式,从中体会到了孩子们的智慧总是让人吃惊.
【解答】1.A.动词辨析.根据题干,考查固定短语see sb do sth 看到某人做过了某事, 已经做完. see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事,句意撞到小女孩,她摔倒了,应该是看见做过了某事,要用动词原形,故答案是A.
2.B.动词辨析.根据语境,应该是故事像这样发展,全文时态是一般过去时,所以这里用过去将来时,构成是would do,故答案是B.
3.B.副词辨析. quiet形容词;quietly副词; 根据句意但是小男孩只是静静地看着小女孩,修饰动词要用副词,且不用比较级,故答案是B.
4.D.动词辨析.根据题干,ask sb to do sth让某人做某事是固定短语,所以要用不定式,句意:她将让我惩罚那个男孩,故答案是D.
5.C.动词辨析.根据句意,那么让我告诉你接下来发生了什么,全文时态是一般过去时,动词要用过去式,故答案是C.
6.C.代词辨析.A他自己;B他,宾格;C他,主格;D他的;根据上句The little boy laid himself down on the floor quickly小男孩很快地躺在地板上.后面应该是他站起来走向那个女孩,故答案是C.
7.C.副词辨析.A外面;B 在…里;C上;D下;根据上文 a little girl and she fell down小女孩摔倒了,这里应该是扶起她,pull up拉起来,故答案是C.
8.D.连词辨析.A和;B虽然;C所以;D但是;根据'The little girl looked surprised,(8)she still stood up and said," Oh, sorry!" 小女孩看起来很惊讶,(8)她仍然站起来说:"哦,对不起!"表转折关系,故答案是D.
9.A.考查感叹句.根据题干,本题是感叹句,感叹句一般用"what"和"how"引导,"what"和"how"与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序. 由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it
is).由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分).如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).根据题干,surprised是形容词,所以用how,故答案是A.
10.A.冠词辨析.A一,用于首字母发音是辅音音素前;B一,用于首字母发音是元音音素前;C特指;D不填;根据句意,他只是个小男孩,泛指, little 首字母发音是辅音音素,所以用a,故答案是A.
二、完形填空(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,共10分.)通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案将其字母编号填写在题号前的括号内.
My dad left my family when I was 6 years old.I had to live with my mom from then on.As a single mother,my mom had to work for_11_ of us in the city.She worked hard to _12_ our rent(房租) and my school. As a result, there wasn't much money left for_13_ things.
One day, my best friend_14_me to his birthday party. My mom had just paid the rent and we didn't have much money left, so I could not afford a_15_.I just brought a birthday card.
I was old enough to understand, but still felt sad.
To show my_16_,I arrived at my friend's house early. My fiend's mom knew my family's
predicament (窘境), so she took me to a room_17_ and showed me some new toys.
She let me_18_ one and write my name on it. I was_19_ and touched by her kindness.
I'm 37 now._20_ my mom is no longer single and our family isn't poor anymore,I am still
grateful to my friend's mom for what she did. That act had a big influence on me.
(11)A. all B. both C. either D. neither
(12)A.look for B. send for C. ask for D. pay for
(13)A. other B. another C. others D. the other
(14)A.sent B. invited C. took D. brought
(15)A. gift B. book C. house D. card
(16)A. politeness B. sadness C. happiness D. business
(17)A. hardly B. secretly C. seriously D. sadly
(18)A.pick out B. point out C. put out D. look out
(19)A. worried B. scared C. surprised D. bored
(20)A. But B. Because C. Although D. So
【分析】文章主要介绍了作者6岁时父母离异,和母亲相依为命,生活很困苦.在一次参加朋友的生日聚会时,朋友的妈妈化解了他的尴尬,这件事,对作者影响很深.
【解答】(11)B.代词辨析.A三者及以上全部;B两者都;C或者;D两者都不;根据前面I had to live with my mom from then on和妈妈生活,可知这里我妈妈必须在城里为我们俩工作,故答案是B.
(12)D.动词辨析.A寻找;B发送;C要求;D付费;根据She worked hard to (2)our rent(房租) and my school.她努力工作应该是为了付房租和学费,故答案是D.
(13)A.代词辨析.A别的,后面加名词复数;B三者及以上另一个;C别的,相当于形容词加名词;D两者中另一个;根据things是名词复数,用other,句意,没剩下多余的钱做其它的事,故答案是A.
(14)B.动词辨析.A发送;B邀请;C拿;D带来;根据my best friend(4)me to his birthday party,我最好的朋友应该是邀请我参加生日聚会,故答案是B.
(15)A.名词辨析.A礼物;B书;C房子;D卡片;根据上文没有多余的钱,这里 so I could not afford a应该是买不起像样的礼物,故答案是A.
(16)A.名词辨析.A礼貌;B伤心;C幸福;D生意;根据后面I arrived at my friend's house early早早就到了,可知这里应该是以示礼貌,故答案是A.
(17)B.副词辨析.A几乎不;B秘密地;C严肃地;D伤心地;根据下文write my name on it把我的名字写在上面(玩具),可知应该是秘密地,故答案是B.
(18)A.动词辨析.A挑出;B指出;C灭火;D小心;根据上句showed me some new toys向我展示一些新玩具,应该是挑出一个,故答案是A.
(19)C.形容词辨析.A担心的;B害怕的;C惊奇的;D无聊的;根据后面touched by her kindness被她的仁慈感动,同时也应该惊喜,故答案是C.
(20)C.连词辨析.A但是;B因为;C尽管;D所以;根据my mom is no longer single and our family isn't poor anymore,I am sill grateful to my friend's mom for what she did. 我妈妈不再单身,我们家也不再穷了,我还是非常感谢我朋友的妈妈所做的一切.表转折关系,故答案是C.
三、阅读理解(本大题共3小题,每小题10分,共40分.)从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案.将其字母编号填写在题号前括号内.
A
A new waste -sorting policy came out in Shanghai on July 1", 2019. How do people in Shanghai sort their waste? Let's look at the pictures.
(21)How many kinds of waste do people sort in Shanghai?______
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
(22)We should put unwanted books in the______bin.
A. recyclable B. dangerous C. wet D. dry
(23)Which of the following should be put in the wet bin?______
A. Plastic bottles. B. Paper cups. C. Fruit. D. Shells.
(24)The following is a kind of recyclable paper EXCEPT______.
A. newspapers B. magazines C. books D. postcards
(25)The passage mainly tells us______.
A. how to sort waste B. how to use recyclable things
C. what to do with the dry waste D. what kind of waste is dangerous
【分析】本文主要以图片形式展示了上海2019年新的垃圾分类的具体信息.
【解答】(21)B.细节理解题.题目问在上海人们把垃圾分成几类,根据图片,可知垃圾总共分为四大类,分别是:recycle, wet, dangerous 和dry,故选B.
(22)A.细节理解题.题目意为我们应该把不要的书放进_____垃圾桶,在图上找出unwanted books,发现与之对应的垃圾分类名称为recyclable,故选A.
(23)C.细节理解题.题目问以下哪一项可以放在湿垃圾桶里,在图上找到wet,再结合题目,发现Fruit在这个分类中,故选C.
(24)D.细节理解题.题目意为以下各是一种可回收的纸张除了____,在图中找到recycle这一分类,发现提到的纸张有:newspapers,magazines,books,而没有postcards,故选D.
(25)A.主旨大意题.题目意为这篇文章主要是告诉我们_____,根据How do people in Shanghai sort their waste? Let's look at the pictures.可知本文主要讲了在上海人们是如何将垃圾分类的.故选A.
B
Many people dream of traveling into outer space. However, spending too much time in space may cause health problems, according to NASA. That's why astronauts shouldn't spend more than six months on the International Space Station (ISS) at a time.
Muscle (肌肉) and bone loss
In a weightless environment, astronauts don't need to use their muscles to support themselves,so their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS.
Sleep disorder (混乱)
In space, the sun rises every 90 minutes. It is hard for astronauts to get used to this light- dark cycle when they sleep.Also, they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall, and it is uncomfortable.
Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light. Still,studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night, even though they should have eight and a half hours.
Brain change
Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during spaceflight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That's why some astronauts can't
control their movement and balance after running to the Earth. Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more spaceflights. But they still need to do more research.
(26)According to the passage, astronauts may have the flowing health problems EXCEPT______.
A. bone loss B. brain changes C. sleep disorder D. headache
(27)Astronauts may have muscle problems after returning to the Earth because______.
A. they seldom walk while in space
B. they are too busy to exercise in space
C. they don't have enough room to exercise in space
D. they don't need to use their muscles to support themselves in space
(28)Astronauts sleep in individual seeing pods to______.
A. stay warm at night B. shut out light C. enjoy a quiet place D. avoid moving around
(29)The underlined word "shrinking" in the second paragraph means______.
A.萎缩 B.改变 C.消失 D.膨胀
(30)The best title of this passage is______.
A. Sleep Disorder in Space
B. Brain Changes in Space
C. Muscle and Bone Loss in Space
D. Health Problems in Space
【分析】本文主要介绍了根据美国宇航局的说法,在太空中花费太多的时间可能会导致健康问题.
【解答】(26)D.细节理解题.根据文中Muscle (肌肉) and bone loss肌肉和骨丢失;Sleep disorder (混乱)睡眠障碍;Brain change脑改变.可知头痛不属于宇航员的健康问题.故选D.
27.D.细节理解题.根据文中In a weightless environment, astronauts don't need to use their muscles to support themselves,可知在失重环境下,宇航员不需要用肌肉来支撑自己.因此宇航员返回地球后可能会有肌肉问题,因为他们不需要用肌肉在太空中支撑自己.故选D.
28.B.细节理解题.根据文中Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light. 可知宇航员现在有单独的睡眠舱,可以帮助遮挡一些光线.故选B.
29.A.词义猜测题.根据文中In a weightless environment, astronauts don't need to use their muscles to support themselves,so their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS.可知在失重环境下,宇航员不需要用肌肉来支撑自己,因此肌肉开始_____,为了保持肌肉的强壮,宇航员每天需要在国际空间站上锻炼2小时左右.根据前后文含义以及结合选项可知,shrinking此处意为"萎缩".故选A.
30.D.主旨大意题.通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中However, spending too much time in space may cause health problems, according to NASA. 可知然而,根据美国宇航局的说法,在太空中花费太多的时间可能会导致健康问题.因此可知本文主要介绍了空间健康问题的相关情况.故选D.
C
Do you know a saying about the swan feather (天鹅羽毛)?
This saying comes from a historic book called Lu Shi;According to the story,a Tang Dynasty official (唐朝官员) in Yunnan wanted to show his respect to the emperor.He sent a man named Mian Bogao to bring some gifts to the emperor. One of the gits was a beautiful swan, and it was a very valuable gift at the time.
Mian took good care of the swan on his way to the emperor. One day he passed by a lake and wanted to let the swan drink some water. But as soon as he set the swan free, the swan flew away, leaving only some feathers on the ground.Mian was very worried,but he didn't run away.He decided to tell the emperor what happened. He picked up a feather and kept going on his trip.
When Mian met the emperor, he told him what happened and said," This swan feather is light, but it carries my deep respect for you." The emperor was happy with Mian's honesty and sincerity(真诚). He forgave Mian. People now use the saying to show that a good gift doesn't have to be expensive. W hat matters is the sincerity it carries.
(31)The saying about the swan feather is from______.
A. a famous poem
B. a historic book
C. a popular novel
D. a latest newspaper
(32)The Tang Dynasty official in Yunnan sent many gifts to the emperor because______.
A. he was afraid of the emperor
B. he wanted to show the emperor he was rich
C. he wanted to show his respect to the emperor
D. he wanted to make good friends with the emperor
(33)Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?______
A. Mian wanted the swan to fly away.
B. Mian killed the swan and got its feather.
C. Mian set the swan free to drink some water.
D. Mian tried to run away after the swan flew away.
(34)From the story, we know that Mian is a(n)______person.
A. careless B. rude C. honest D. proud
(35)The Chinese meaning of this story is______.
A.礼轻情意重 B.路遥知马力 C.酒逢知己饮 D.富贵险中求
【分析】文章主要介绍了"千里送鹅毛"的谚语的由来.
【解答】(31)B.细节理解题,根据文中的第2段 This saying comes from a historic book called Lu Shi可知这句话出自一本名为《吕氏》的史书,故答案是B.
(32)C.细节理解题,根据文中的第2段a Tang Dynasty official (唐朝官员) in Yunnan wanted to show his respect to the emperor.He sent a man named Mian Bogao to bring some gifts to the emperor. 云南的一位唐朝官吏为了向皇帝表示敬意,派了一个叫缅伯高的人给皇帝带了一些礼物.可知是为了向皇帝表示敬意,故答案是C.
(33)C.推理判断题,根据文中的第3段One day he passed by a lake and wanted to let the swan drink some water. But as soon as he set the swan free, the swan flew away, leaving only some feathers on the ground.有一天,他路过一个湖边,想让天鹅喝点水,但他一放飞天鹅,天鹅就飞走了,只留下了一些羽毛在地上.可知缅让天鹅自由地喝点水是正确的,故答案是C.
(34)C.细节理解题,根据文中的第4段The emperor was happy with Mian's honesty and sincerity皇帝对棉的诚实和真诚感到高兴.可知缅是诚实的,故答案是C.
(35)A.归纳整理题,根据文中的4段People now use the saying to show that a good gift doesn't have to be expensive. W hat matters is the sincerity it carries现在人们用这句话来表示,好的礼物不一定要贵,重要的是它所带的诚意.可知礼轻情意重符合这个谚语,故答案是A.
D
阅读配对 配对阅读左栏是五个人遇到的问题,右栏是七则建议,请为每个人选择合适的建议,并将其字母编号写在题号前的括号内.
(36)______Sarah has some problems in her English study. She tries her best, but she is still poor at English. She doesn't know what to do.
(37)______John has trouble in falling asleep at night. He can't
A. I think a good talk with your friend is necessary for you. If it is you who make the mistake, you should say' sorry"" to her. Communication is the best way to solve the problem.
B. Practice makes perfect. If you want to learn English well, you should practice more. Watching English movies is helpful. And you can remember English words before
go to sleep though he is tired. This makes him tired and nervous.
(38)______Tim likes eating junk food very much, such as hamburgers. As a result, he becomes fatter and fatter.
(39)______Grace is very sad because she has a quarrel with her best friend. She doesn't know whether they can be good friends again.
(40)______Tina is a shy girl. She is afraid of speaking in public. She becomes nervous when she speaks in front of other people. She doesn't know what to do.
sleeping or after getting up.
C. You should drink much more water. You'd better have a day off and have a good rest.If necessary, a doctor can help you.
D. Don't get too excited before going to bed. You can drink a glass of milk but not coffee.If it doesn't work,you'd better go to see a doctor.
E. You'd better have a good plan for your study.Make a good schedule according to all the subjects that you learn. Listen to the teachers carefully when you are having lessons.
F. You should pay more attention to your eating habits.You shouldn't eat much junk food.Instead, you should eat more fruit and vegetables. Doing exercise every day can also help you.
G. You should be more self-.confident. Try to join some clubs, take part in some parties, and make more friends. I'm sure you will not be so nervous as before.
【分析】(36)莎拉的英语学习有些问题.她尽力了,但英语仍然很差.她不知道该怎么办.--熟能生巧.如果你想学好英语,你应该多练习.看英语电影很有帮助.你可以在睡觉前或起床后记住英语单词.
(37)约翰晚上很难入睡.他虽然累了,但还是睡不着.这使他又累又紧张.--睡觉前不要太兴奋.你可以喝一杯牛奶,但不能喝咖啡.
(38)蒂姆非常喜欢吃垃圾食品,例如汉堡包.结果,他变得越来越胖.--你应该多注意你的饮食习惯.你不应该吃太多垃圾食品.
(39)格蕾丝很伤心,因为她和她最好的朋友吵架了,她不知道他们能否再成为好朋友.--我认为你有必要和你的朋友好好谈谈.如果是你犯的错误,你应该对她说对不起.沟通是解决问题的最好方法.
(40)蒂娜是个害羞的女孩.她害怕在公共场合讲话.当她在别人面前讲话时,她变得紧张.她不知道该怎么做.--你应该更自信一点.试着加入一些俱乐部,参加一些聚会,交更多的朋友.我相信你不会像以前那样紧张了.
【解答】细节推理题.
(36)B.根据"Sarah has some problems in her English study. She tries her best, but she is still poor at English. She doesn't know what to do."可知说的是学好英语,结合选项,应说熟能生巧.如果你想学好英语,你应该多练习.看英语电影很有帮助.你可以在睡觉前或起床后记住英语单词.故选B.
(37)D.根据"John has trouble in falling asleep at night. He can't go to sleep though he is tired. This makes him tired and nervous."可知说的是睡眠,结合选项,应说睡觉前不要太兴奋.你可以喝一杯牛奶,但不能喝咖啡.故选D.
(38)F.根据"Tim likes eating junk food very much, such as hamburgers. As a result, he becomes fatter and fatter."可知说的是食物,结合选项,应说你应该多注意你的饮食习惯.你不应该吃太多垃圾食品.故选F.
(39)A.根据"Grace is very sad because she has a quarrel with her best friend. She doesn't know whether they can be good friends again."可知说的是和朋友的问题,结合选项,应说我认为你有必要和你的朋友好好谈谈.如果是你犯的错误,你应该对她说对不起.沟通是解决问题的最好方法.故选A.
(40)G.根据"Tina is a shy girl. She is afraid of speaking in public. She becomes nervous when she speaks in front of other people. She doesn't know what to do."可知在别人面前讲话时,她变得紧张,结合选项,应说你应该更自信一点.试着加入一些俱乐部,参加一些聚会,交更多的朋友.我相信你不会像以前那样紧张了.故选G.
四、短文填空请用适当的词完成下面的短文.每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词.(本题共1小题,每小题15分,共15分)
One day, a mouse told the animals on the farm,"There (41)______a mousetrap (老鼠夹) in the farmer's house!"
The chicken said," I really want to help you.(42)______, I am not strong enough."
The pig answered with(43)______smile, "Oh really? You'd better leave here."
The cow said happily, "It's a big problem for you only."
The mouse (44)______ away angrily.
On that night, they all heard the sound of a mousetrap snapping (咔嚓一声) shut. It was so(45)______ that the farmer's wife couldn't see things clearly. She thought it must be a mouse caught in the trap. But to(46)__surprise, it was a snake and the snake bit her. The farmer took her to the (47)____ and the doctor said she was badly ill.
The farmer wanted to take good care of her. He killed the chicken to make some soup, but she was still sick. Her friends came to visit her. The farmer killed the(48)_to make dinner for them. Sadly,his wife died the next day. Many people came to her funeral (葬礼). The farmer(49)______ the cow to cook enough meat for all of them.
When someone is facing a problem, don't think it has nothing to do(50)______ you. When one of
us is in danger, we are all in danger because we are living under the same sky.
【分析】本文以动物为例讲述了一个故事,告诉大家我们生活在同一片天空下,当一个人面临问题的时候,那就是我们大家的问题.
【解答】(41)is. 考查连系动词. 根据横线前边的there以及后面的名词,看出这是there be句式,所以这里应该填写的是动词be,这句话是老鼠对其他动物说的原话,在引号之内,所以是一般现在时.根据其后的单数名词可知这里应该用is.故答案为is.
(42)However. 考查副词. 前面的句子意思是"我真的想帮助你",后面这句话的意思是"我不够强大",所以看出这是转折关系.根据横线后面的逗号可知,这里要填写however而不能用but.故答案为However.
(43)a. 考查不定冠词.根据句中的介词with和横线后面的名词smile,确定此处要填写不定冠词a.短语with a smile,意思是"面带微笑".故答案为a.
(44)went/walked/ran. 考查动词. 根据前面几个动物的回答,再结合横线后面的副词away,可确定这句话的意思是"老鼠生气地离开了",所以这里应该填写动词go,也可以用其他和go 意思相近的动词如walk,run.根据故事发生的时间可知要用过去式的形式.故答案为went,walked或ran.
(45)dark. 考查形容词. 根据这段开头的On that night,以及本句话的the farmer's wife couldn't see things clearly,可知道这里应该填写形容词dark,是指天很黑.故答案为dark.
(46)her. 考查物主代词.根据横线前面的介词to以及后面的surprise,再结合句中的it was a snake,可知这里应该填写物主代词her.这是短语to one's surprise,意思是"使某人惊奇的是",所以这句话的意思是"但是使她惊奇的是那是一条蛇,并且蛇咬了她".故答案为her.
(47)hospital. 考查名词. 根据上文的the snake bit her以及后面的the doctor said she was badly ill,确定这里要填写hospital,意思是"农民带着她去了医院",故答案为hospital.
(48)pig. 考查名词. 根据文章开头的介绍,除了老鼠以外,还有chicken,pig,cow这三种动物.chicken已经被农民杀掉了,而cow是在本段后面提到被杀的,因此推测这次农民杀掉的是pig.这句话的意思是"农民杀掉了猪来给他的朋友们做饭".答案为pig.
(49)killed. 考查动词. 根据句型看出这里要填写谓语动词,根据语境可知这句话的意思是"为了他们所有的人有足够的肉吃农民杀掉了牛",所以要填写动词killed.根据其他句子的时态可知这个动词要用过去式的形式.故答案为killed.
(50)with. 考查介词. 根据横线前面的has nothing to do,看出这里缺少介词with.have nothing to do with,意思是"与…没有关系".因此这句话的意思是"当有人面对问题的时候,不要认为那与你没有关系".故答案为with.
五、读写综合(本大题共 25分)A.请阅读以下短文内容,根据所提供的信息,回答问题,把答案写在答题卡指定的位置上.(每小题10分,共10分)
How to Protect Yourself & Others from COVID-19?
Know how it spreads
●The virus is thought to spread mainly from person to person.
●The best way to prevent illness is to avoid being exposed(暴露)to this virus(病毒).
Wash your hands often
●Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after you go to a public place.
●Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.
Stay away from crowds.
●Stay away from people who are sick.
●Stay at home as much as possible.
●Keep at least one meter away from people around you,especially those who are coughing or sneezing (打喷嚏).
Cover your mouth and nose with a mask when around others
●Wear a mask when you have to go out in public.
●The mask is used to protect people from getting infected.
Keep a healthy lifestyle
●It's important to have healthy eating habits.For example,drink more milk and eat more vegetables.
●Proper exercise is necessary.
●Having enough sleep is good for you.
(51)What's the best way to prevent illness?______
(52)How long should you wash your hands after you go to a public place?______
(53)How far should you keep away from people around you?______
(54)What should you wear when you have to go out in public?______
(55)How many ways of protecting yourself and others are there in the passage?______
【分析】这篇材料就怎样预防新冠肺炎提出了一些方法和措施.
【解答】(51)To avoid being exposed to this virus.细节理解题.根据第一栏The best way to prevent illness is to avoid being exposed(暴露)to this virus.可知做好的预防疾病的方式就是避免暴露在病毒中.故答案为:To avoid being exposed to this virus.
(52)For at least twenty seconds.细节理解题.根据第二栏Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after you go to a public place.可知去过公共场所至少要洗手秒.故答案为:For at least twenty seconds.
(53)At least one meter.细节理解题.根据第三栏Keep at least one meter away from people around you可知和你周围的人至少保持米的距离.故答案为:At least one meter.
(54)A mask.细节理解题.根据第四栏Wear a mask when you have to go out in public.可知外出公共场所要戴口罩.故答案为:A mask.
(55)Five.细节理解题.根据第一栏Know how it spreads知道病毒传播的方式;根据第二栏Wash your hands often勤洗手;第三栏Stay away from crowds.远离人群;第四栏Cover your mouth and nose with a mask when around others戴口罩;第五栏Keep a healthy lifestyle保持健康的生活方式.可知这篇材料提出了五天预防疫情的措施.故答案为:Five.
B.书面表达(15分)
新冠肺炎(COVID-19)影响着我们的学习和生活,我们应该如何做好日常防护呢?请你以"How to Protect Ourselves from COVID-19"为题,写-篇作文,80 词左右.
内容包括:.
1.简单介绍你对新冠肺炎的认识:
2.对如何做好日常防护提出建议(至少3点);
3.呼吁大家远离病毒,保持健康.
How to Protect Ourselves from COVID-19
The broke -out of COVID-19 has influenced our life and study a lot. ____________ .
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