中考英语书面表达常见错误分析 26页

中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(一) 审题错误 要点领悟 与汉语作文一样,英语书面表达的审题也十分重要。审题包括此 篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息,告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。由于英语书面表达 的篇幅很有限,所以要求作者在写作时要精心组织材料,紧扣主题。 信息提示 太白山是陕西著名的森林游览胜地。一年四季都有其独特的景 色(scene)。不过,游览太白山的最佳时机是春天。每当春天来临,青山滴翠,美丽的 景色吸引了许多游客前来踏青观光。可几年前,游人不注意保护环境,乱扔垃圾,攀折 树枝花草,猎杀野鸟,点火野餐,致使环境一度恶化。请你写篇报道,说明太白山旅游 环境的变化。 习作实况 Taibai Mountain is a famous place of interest in Shaanxi Province. It has its special scenes all the year round, and spring is the best time to visit it. When spring comes, the days get longer and longer and the weather get warmer and warmer. Trees are beginning to turn green, and flowers come out. Everything begins to grow (1). The mountains are covered with a lot of green tall trees and all kinds of colorful wild flowers. It is so beautiful that a lot of visitors come here and enjoy its beauty every day. But a few years ago, some of the visitors paid no attention to protecting the environment. They used to throw lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, fruit skins and waste paper on the ground. They don’t know that cleaners work from morning till night to sweep away the rubbish and waste things (2). Sometimes they broke some branches, picked flowers and even killed birds. Some even made fires in the forest to cook food. How dangerous it was! Luckily enough, the local government has begun to do something to stop polluting the area. Great changes have taken place here. New roads and nice hotels have been built; trees and flowers are planted around them. Visitors are asked to take plastic bags and put their rubbish in them (3). 精讲点拨 (1)这一部分应当删掉。文章应围绕太白山景区的景色和环境保护主 题展开,与太白山有关的春景可以略写,但不宜用太多的笔墨去描绘春天,这不仅加 长了篇幅,也冲淡了主题。 (2)这一部分也应当删掉。因为,这里批评了游客乱扔垃圾的不良现 象,由于篇幅的限制,没有必要再去谈论清洁工是如何清理这些垃圾的。 (3)这一部分同样需要删掉。根据上文不难看出,本文主要谈论太白山 旅游区的环境污染问题,以及政府采取措施后环境的变化。没有必要去描述基础设施 的变化。总而言之,英文作文中,应特别注意避免想起什么写什么,随意发挥,淡化主 题。 精彩例文 Taibai Mountain is a famous place of interest in Shaanxi Province. It has its special scenes all the year round, and spring is the best time to visit it. When spring comes, the mountains are covered with a great many green tall trees and all kinds of colorful wild flowers. It is so beautiful that a lot of visitors come here and enjoy its beauty every day. But a few years ago, some of the visitors paid no attention to protecting the environment. They used to throw lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, fruit skins and waste paper on the ground. Sometimes they broke some branches, picked flowers and even killed birds. Some even made fires in the forest to cook food. How dangerous it was! Luckily enough, the local government has begun to do something to stop polluting the area. Great changes have taken place here. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析（二）文不达意 【要点领悟】 在英语书面表达的提示信息中,常有这样的语句“可适当增加细节”或“可 适当发挥”,但所增加的内容应该与文章相关。如果所“发挥”的内容与文章无关,就是“画 蛇添足”了。 【信息提示】 根据下面的 4 幅图画用英语写一篇短文,要求故事包括所有图画的主要内容, 可以适当增加细节,使意思连贯。词数在 100 以上。 【习作实况】 One day, an old woman was crossing the street with a basket in her hand. She went to do some shopping. Just then a car came up and she was knocked down onto the ground. She was badly injured and couldn’t move. But to everyone’s anger, the car ran away as quickly as it could. The old woman had to lie on the ground and cried (1). Luckily, a man, who was sweeping the street nearby, saw this. He ran quickly up to her and helped her stand up. He was angry with the driver (2). Then he took her to the nearest hospital. There a doctor examined her carefully and gave her some medical care. After that, the dustman took her home. When the old woman’s daughter knew what had happened to her mother, she was moved deeply and thanked him very much. After a while the dustman left and went to do his work. The daughter thanked him again (3). 【精讲点拨】 (1)此句与图中提示不相符,应删去。 (2)此处加写这句属多余,也与图画内容不符。 (3)文章写到“...very much.”处已经很完整了,加上这一句使行文显得重复、 累赘。 【精品范文】 One day, an old woman was crossing the street with a basket in her hand. She went to do some shopping. Just then a car came up and she was knocked down onto the ground. She was badly injured and couldn’t move a little. Luckily, a man, who was sweeping the street nearby, saw this. He ran quickly up to her and helped her stand up. Then he took her to the nearest hospital. There a doctor examined her carefully and gave her some medical care. After that, the dustman took her home. When the old woman’s daughter knew what had happened to her mother, she was moved deeply and thanked him very much. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(三) 名词单复数 【要点领悟】 同学们在写作时,往往把重点放在文章的构思和句子结构上,有时忽略了名 词的单复数。在中考作文中,如果名词的数使用混乱,也会导致较多的失分。 【信息提示】 假如你是吴强,去年春天和几位同学到东浦岛野餐,以“The happiest day”为题 写一篇 80-100 词的作文。要求条理清晰、意思连贯、语句通顺、标点规范。 【习作实况】 The happiest day Last spring my classmate (1) and I went to Dongpu Island to have a picnic. It was March 2. The weather was fine and there was hardly a cloud in the sky. We started early that morning. We all carried something nice to eat and drink. We sang happily on our ways (2) there. After about one and a half hour (3), we got to the island. The water in the lake was nice and clean and we could see flowers and grasses (4) all around us. How beautiful it was! After about twenty minute’s (5) rest, we divided ourselves into four groups and cooked our lunch. Most of us did the cooking for the first time. After a while, everything was ready. We put all the food on a big piece of paper. There was meat, fish, fruit and vegetable (6). How delicious they were! We enjoyed our lunch and there was a big smile on everyone’s faces (7). 【精讲点拨】 (1)classmate 在本句中看不出错误来,如果结合第二段的... four groups 就可 发现 classmate 要用复数形式。 (2)在 on one’s way 结构中,way 没有复数形式。 (3)这儿不是半个小时,而是一个半小时,所以 hour 要用复数。 (4)此处指普通的草,多用单数。 (5)此处应将 minute’s 改为 minutes’,即 twenty minutes’ rest。 (6)此处应用 vegetable 的复数形式 vegetables。 (7)这儿指的是每个人的脸上,应将 faces 改为 face。 【精品范文】 The happiest day Last spring my classmates and I went to Dongpu Island to have a picnic. It was March 2. The weather was fine and there was hardly a cloud in the sky. We started early that morning. We all carried something nice to eat and drink. We sang happily on the way there. After about one and a half hours, we got to the island. The water in the lake was nice and clean and we could see flowers and grass all around us. How beautiful it was! After about twenty minutes’ rest, we divided ourselves into four groups and cooked our lunch. Most of us did the cooking for the first time. After a while, everything was ready. We put all the food on a big piece of paper. There was meat, fish, fruit and vegetables. How delicious they were! We enjoyed our lunch and there was a big smile on everyone’s face. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(四) 文体格式错误 要点领悟 英文日记的写作在全国各地中考书面表达题中占有较大的比例。它属于应 用文的一种,这类书面表达题可以是提示性作文,也可以是看图(表)作文,无论是哪种形式, 都要求按日记的格式进行写作。写作前都要仔细审题,抓住要点,理清叙述的顺序。 信息提示 2008 年 3 月 12 日是星期一,也是植树节。那天天气晴朗,上午 8 点半,老 师和同学们在校门口集合,步行去西山植树。植树前,老师告诉同学们树木可以净化空气、防 风固土、美化环境,并要求每人栽五棵小树。同学们干得都很卖力。班长林涛不顾生病,完成 自己的任务后,又帮助其他人,他是我们学习的好榜样。请根据提示内容,写一篇日记。 习作实况 2008.3.12 Monday (1) Sunny (2) Dear friends (3), It is March 12th today. At half past eight, all the teachers and students in our school gathered in front of the school gate. Then we went on foot to the Western Hill to plant trees. Before we started working, the teacher gave us a talk on the importance of planting trees. He said that trees can help to keep the air clean, protect us from strong wind and sand and make our city more beautiful. Then he showed us how to plant trees and asked each of us to plant at least five trees. After that we started working. Some strong boys dug holes, some carried water and some girls put trees in the holes. We all worked hard. Among us, Lin Tao, our monitor set a good example to us. Though he was ill, he worked harder. When he finished his task, he went on to help others. He was wet all over after work. Looking at the lines of the young trees, we smiled happily. Truly yours, (4) Mary Baker (5) 精讲点拨 (1)将日记的日期 2008.3.12 Monday 改为 Monday, March 12th, 2008 或 March 12th, 2008, Monday。写英文日记时应注意以下两点:英文日记的格式与中文日记的格式相差不大。 日期和星期应写在第一行的左上角顶格位置,日期和星期的写法应注意:年、月、日俱全时, 可按月、日、年或日、月、年的次序写。如:March 12th, 2008 或 12th March, 2008; 只有月、 日时,其顺序为月、日,月份可用缩略式。如:September 20th 或 Sept. 20th;如果要写明星期几, 可将其放在日期的前面或后面。如:Friday, Oct. 20, 2008 或 Oct. 20, 2008, Friday。(2)写日记 时,天气状况应写在日期的右边且靠右顶格,而不是写在日期的下面。天气状况一般用形容词 表示。如:Fine (晴),Sunny(晴), Rainy(雨), Snowy (雪), Windy(多风), Cloudy(多云) 等。 (3)本文要求写一篇日记,而不是书信。Dear friends 是用在写信时的称呼 语,在写日记时应去掉。 (4)和(5)都是书信的落款格式,不能用在日记的写作中,要去掉。在写作文时, 同学们一定要熟练掌握书信和日记的写作格式,不能混淆。 精彩例文 Monday,March12th, 2007 Sunny It is March 12th today. At half past eight, all the teachers and students in our school gathered in front of the school gate. Then we went on foot to the Western Hill to plant trees. Before we started working, the teacher gave us a talk on the importance of planting trees. He said that trees can help to keep the air clean, protect us from strong wind and sand and make our city more beautiful. Then he showed us how to plant trees and asked each of us to plant at least five trees. After that we started working. Some strong boys dug holes, some carried water and some girls put trees in the holes. We all worked hard. Among us, Lin Tao, our monitor set a good example to us. Though he was ill, he worked harder. When he finished his task, he went on to help others. He was wet all over after work. Looking at the lines of the young trees, we smiled happily. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(五) 用词不当 要点领悟】 文章构思新颖、结构严谨固然重要,但它只是文章的骨架。要充实内容, 就得有一定的遣词造句的功力,在此基础知识就显得尤为重要了。 【信息提示】 李华平时总是忙于功课,很少做家务。母亲节这一天,她想帮妈妈做饭,却 不小心切了手指,本想让妈妈在节日期间好好休息,却未能如愿。以“On Mother’s Day”为 题写一篇词数为 80-100 的短文。要求条理清晰、意思连贯、语句通顺、标点正确。 【习作实况】 On Mother's Day I'm usually busy with my studies and do few (1) housework when I come back from school. It was Mother's Day yesterday. I wanted Mum to have a good rest and I did all instead (2) her. I got up early yesterday morning and bought a lot of vegetables, fish and meat in the market. I washed them and then began to cook. I was sure I could do as well like (3) Mum. Bad luck! I cut one of my fingers and cried out. Mum and Dad rushed into (4) and Mum asked Dad to take me to the hospital. When we came back, dinner (5) ready. I felt sorry and said, “Mum had a busy Mother's Day again!” 【精讲点拨】 (1)housework 是不可数名词,应用 little 来修饰。(2)instead 是副词,后不能接宾语,这儿 应该用 instead of。 (3)like 虽然可用作介词,意为“像”,但这儿是 as... as...结构,因此此处应改为 as well as...。 (4)into 是介词,其后要接宾语,但句中无宾语,所以改为副词 in。 (5)ready 是形容词,不能单独作谓语,所以其前要加 was。 【精品范文】 On Mother’s Day I'm usually busy with my studies and do little housework when I come back from school. It was Mother's Day yesterday. I wanted Mum to have a good rest and I did all instead of her. I got up early yesterday morning and bought a lot of vegetables, fish and meat in the market. I washed them and then began to cook. I was sure I could do as well as Mum. Bad luck! I cut one of my fingers and cried out. Mum and Dad rushed in and Mum asked Dad to take me to the hospital. When we came back, dinner was ready. I felt sorry and said, “Mum had a busy Mother's Day again!” 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(六) 汉式英语 要点领悟 不同的民族有不同的语言表达习惯。我国学生在用英语写作时由于受汉语表达习惯的 影响,加之对英语词语的真正含义把握不准,往往拿汉语去套英语,结果写出的文章到处都是 汉式英语(Chinglish)。这样的文章,只有中国人能看懂,外国人看不懂。这就达不到与外国人 交流思想的目的。要改变这种状况,一是要准确把握英语词语的含义,二是要排除汉语表达习 惯的干扰。这样才能写出地道的英语文章。 信息提示 你家里养了一只猫,她很小,也很可爱。由于她的存在,你们全家人都很快乐。昨天晚上你 去商店给她买食物,在回家的路上下起了大雨。当你到家时,你浑身都湿透了。虽然淋了雨, 但是你很高兴。不管怎么说,小猫不用挨饿了。 习作实况 My home (1) raises a lovely small cat. My family are always happy because of her. I went to the store to buy some food for her yesterday night (2). Unluckily, there was a big rain (3) on my way home. When I got home, I was all wet (4). Although I was wet, but (5) I was very happy. No matter how to say (6), the cat would not be hungry. 精讲点拨 上面的这篇习作虽然我们都能看懂是什么意思,但由于受汉语思维的影响, 里面充满了因文化差异而产生的错误。 (1) “home”的汉语意思虽然也是“家”,但它指“家”时一般只指地点 而不指人。根据英语习惯该句应改为 My family has a lovely small cat 或 We keep a lovely small cat at home。 (2) “昨天晚上”要么表达为yesterday evening,要么表达为last night。 但根据语境,这里用前者较合适。 (3) 根据英语表达习惯,“一场大雨”应表达为a heavy rain,而不是a big rain。 (4) be all wet 的意思是“完全错了”。要表达“全身湿透了”,可以用 wet through 或 completely wet。 (5) 由于受汉语“虽然……但是”结构的影响而出错。在英语 中,although 和 but 在一个句子中不能连用。 (6) 这里要表达“不管怎么说”,可以用 anyway 或 anyhow,文中的表达显 然属于汉式英语。 精彩例文 We keep a lovely small cat at home. My family are always happy because of her. I went to the store to buy some food for her yesterday evening. Unluckily, there was a heavy rain on my way home. When I got home, I was wet through. Although I was wet, I was very happy. Anyway, the cat would not be hungry. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(七) 习惯用法和固定搭配 【要点领悟】 有的同学在写作时常常把一些习惯用语、固定词组及结构错误搭配,结果写出来的句子让人看不懂。我 们在平时若将这些英语基础知识牢固掌握,考试时就会得心应手、从容自若。 【信息提示】 2005 年 10 月 1 日 星期六 睛 昨天你叔叔打电话来,请你找几个朋友去他农场收桔子。于是今天早上 6 点,你和朋友就坐汽车出发了。 一到农场便开始干活。桔子树上结满了桔子,你们又摘桔子又装车,忙完后在那儿吃了午餐,还吃了不少桔子。 下午坐卡车回家。你们虽然忙了一天,却感到非常快乐。 请根据以上提示写一篇 80 词左右的英语日记。请注意日记的格式。 【习作实况】 October 1, 2005, Saturday Sunny My uncle called me yesterday. He said in the phone (1) that he had an orange harvest. He needed some help. He asked me to go there with my friends. Today morning (2) we left home at 6:00. We went there by a bus (3). The trees in (4) the farm were really full with (5) oranges. When we got there, we began to work at once. We picked a lot of oranges and put them in the boxes. Some strong boys carried the boxes into a truck. After work, we had the lunch (6) at my uncle’s house. We had many oranges, too. In the afternoon, we came back home by truck. We were busy today, but we were happy. 【精讲点拨】 (1) “在电话里说……”应用介词 on。 (2) “今天上午”的英语说法是 this morning。 (3) by+交通工具名词时,其间不用冠词或其他修饰词。 (4) “在农场里”介词用 on,应是 on the farm。 (5) “……充(结)满……”有两种表示方法,be full of ... 或 be filled with...。 (6) 英语中在表示吃一日三餐时,三餐前不加冠词。 【精品范文】 October 1, 2005, Saturday Sunny My uncle called me yesterday. He said on the phone that he had an orange harvest. He needed some help. He asked me to go there with my friends. This morning we left home at 6:00. We went there by bus. The trees on the farm were really full of oranges. When we got there, we began to work at once. We picked a lot of oranges and put them in the boxes. Some strong boys carried the boxes into a truck. After work, we had lunch at my uncle’s house. We had many oranges, too. In the afternoon, we came back home by truck. We were busy today, but we were happy. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(八) 词汇使用错误 要点领悟 很多考生在中考书面表达中,常常会错用一些词语,使得评卷老师不知其所 云,得分自然不会高。因此,我们在平时的习作训练中就要特别留意词汇的正确使用。 信息提示 李小莉的一个名叫 Mary Baker 的笔友给她回了一封电子邮件,谈到她对中 国的喜爱和向往。请以“An e-mail from an American pen pal”为标题写一封电子邮件。 邮件的开头已给出(不计入总词数)。 From: marybaker0892@yahoo.com To: lixiaolibjcn@163.com Subject: My wish _____________________________________________________- _____________________________________________________ 要求: 1. 意思连贯、符合逻辑、书写工整; 2. 词数:85 左右。 习作实况 From: marybaker0892@yahoo.com To: lixiaolibjcn@163.com Subject: My wish Dear Li Xiaoli, I’m glad to receive your e-mail. I’ve showed it to my friends. Everyone (1) of us thinks China is one of the greatest countries in the world. We’ve known much about your country for years, but we have not chance (2) to go there. We often watch the Great Wall and beautiful Beijing on TV. So I think China is worth to visit(3). I bought a book on China and study it when I’m free. I hope I can visit your country one day, and I also hope you to visit (4) our country sometimes (5) in the future. Truly yours, Mary Baker 精讲点拨 1. everyone 是不定代词,它可以用作主语,但不能和含 of 的介词短语连用。此处应把 Everyone 分开,即 Every one,或者用 Each 来替换它。但要注意,这里不能用 Every,因为它 不能用作主语。 2. chance 表示“机会”的意思讲时是可数名词,须和冠词连用。由于该句是否定句,如果在 它前面加上 any,它需要变成复数。最便捷的办法是,把 not 换成 no,表示 not a,如果 no 后 接的名词是复数,它则表示 not any。 3. 考生对 worth 一词的用法显然不清楚。worth 常用于 be worth doing 这 一结构。be worth 后不能接动词不定式,而要接 V-ing 形式。因此,应当把 to visit 改为 visiting。 4. hope 一词不能用于 hope sb. to do sth.结构,如果要表达“希望某人做某 事”要用 hope 接 that 从句。因此要将 you to visit 改为 you can visit。 5. 应将 sometimes 改为 sometime。sometimes 意为“有时”,而 sometime 的 意思是“某个时间”,指某个不确定或未说明的时间。 精彩例文 From: marybaker0892@yahoo.com To: lixiaolibjcn@163.com Subject: My wish Dear Li Xiaoli, I’m glad to receive your e-mail. I’ve showed it to my friends. Every one of us thinks China is one of the greatest countries. We’ve known much about your country for years, but we have no chance to go there. We often watch the Great Wall and beautiful Beijing on TV. So I think China is worth visiting. I bought a book on China and study it when I’m free. I hope I can visit your country one day, and I also hope you can visit our country sometime in the future. Truly yours, Mary Baker 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(九) 句型结构、固定搭配 错误 要点领悟 马克思生在德国,他非常擅长学习语言。他不仅能自如地运用英语,而且只 用了六个月时间就掌握了足够的俄文,能阅读俄文版的报刊和杂志。不过,他在介绍英语学习 的经验时,也曾诉苦说:“I am not too sure about two things, the grammar and some of the idioms.”。英语学习中,句型结构和固定搭配的确是初学者的“拦路虎”。 信息提示 众所周知吸烟有害健康。请以“Smoking is harmful to health”为题写 一篇至少 100 词的英语短文,来介绍一下吸烟的危害,以唤起人们戒烟。 习作实况 Smokin g is harmful to health As (1) is known to all that smoking is bad for health. In China there have (2) millions of smokers. Each year millions of people die from smoking. Smoking makes many people ill. Those who often smoke have black teeth. Lots of smokers cough day and night. Lung cancer is one of the most serious illnesses that are caused by smoking. Many people suffer from this terrible disease and lose their lives. Smoking does harm not only to smokers themselves, but also to non-smokers, especially women and children. They may have their health harm (3) because of the smoke caused by cigarettes. Everyone agrees that smoking is not good for health, but it is not easy for smokers to giving up smoking (4). I hope all the smokers will stop smoking for the good of their own health and also for the people around them. Let’s enjoying (5) clean and fresh air together. 精讲点拨 (1)将 As 改为 It。“It is known to all that+从句”是一个固定结构。意思是“众所周 知……”。 (2)句型 there is/are 表示“某地有某物”，该句型强调“存在”，而 have/has 常用来表 达“某人有某物”，强调“所有”，其主语通常是人。因此，将 have 改为 are。 (3)将 harm 改为 harmed。“have sth. done”是一个固定结构,意思是“使 / 让某物遭 受……”。本句的意思是“吸烟产生的毒气很可能使他们(妇女、儿童)的健康遭受到侵害”, 因为 health 被 smoke 损害,因此,要用过去分词 harmed,以表示被动的含义。 (4)英语中表达“某人做某事很不容易”常用句型“It is not easy for sb. to do sth.”。 应将 giving up smoking 改为 give up smoking。 (5)let’s 后要跟动词原形构成“Let’s do sth.”结构。应将 enjoying 改为 enjoy。 精彩例文 Smoking is harmful to health It is known to all that smoking is bad for health. In China there are millions of smokers. Each year millions of people die from smoking. Smoking makes many people ill. Those who often smoke have black teeth. Lots of smokers cough day and night. Lung cancer is one of the most serious illnesses that are caused by smoking. Many people suffer from this terrible disease and lose their lives. Smoking does harm not only to smokers themselves, but also to non-smokers, especially women and children. They may have their health harmed because of the smoke caused by cigarettes. Everyone agrees that smoking is not good for health, but it is not easy for smokers to give up smoking. I hope all the smokers will stop smoking for the good of their own health and also for the people around them. Let’s enjoy clean and fresh air together. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(十) 人称和时态误用 要点领悟 人称和时态的误用是英语书面表达中最为常见的错误。英文写作对人称和 时态的要求很严格。常用的时态有八种之多,初中阶段最常见有六种动词时态。在写作时, 英语初学者要准确判断一个动作应该用哪种时态来表示。首先要判断动作发生的时间是现 在、过去还是将来,注意动作是在进行还是已经完成等,据此确定该用什么时态;然后,要熟练 掌握各种时态所必须使用的谓语动词结构和词形变化;整篇文章完成后,要检查“时态、语 态、主谓一致”等是否正确。这样就可以少犯错误。 信息提示 电脑是当代的高科技产品(a high-tech product),在我们的生活中越来越 普及,几乎深入到每个家庭。电脑可以帮我们处理(handle)很多事情。列举一些事例,写一篇 关于电脑在日常生活中的用途的文章,说明电脑的利弊。 习作实况 The computer — a high-tech product, has become so popular that they are (1) seen in almost every family. It is playing an important role in our everyday life. The computer will help (2) us handle many matters: official business, chat online, study, sending e-mails, long-distance education and entertainment such as listening to music and watching video. But we also know that the computer was (3) bad for our eyes, especially for the young kids’. Now there are more and more children who have to wear glasses in order to see clearly. Many children become near-sighted, and they are doing worse and worse in their studies because they spend too much time playing computer games. So if you will want (4) to have beautiful and bright eyes and gain (获取) some useful knowledge when we (5) are young, the most important thing you will do is to plan your time carefully and well. Only in this way can you have a bright future. 精讲点拨 (1)作者在文章开头使用了 the computer 一词,来代表电脑这一类产品。因 此,that 从句中如果使用 they are,就和句首的主语 the computer(单数名词)不一致,因此 应将 they are 改为 it is。 (2)众所周知,电脑在我们的日常生活中正在起着很重要的作用。因此,不能 理解成电脑将要帮助我们处理很多事务,而是现在(每天)电脑都在帮助人们处理日常事务, 这种 help 是经常的,反复发生的,应用一般现在时。因此,要改为 helps。 (3)我们看到的事实是,电脑在为人们做了大量的好事的同时,也给人们带 来了麻烦。而且,这种困扰现在就存在,即:电脑天天在损害我们的健康和眼睛。应用一般现 在时 is。 (4) want 一词一般没有将来时。另外,本句是由 if 引导的条件状语从句,按英语的时态规则 “主句用一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时”。 将 will want 改为 want。 (5)将 we 改为 you。从本句的条件句可以看出,“如果你在年轻的时候,既 想学到知识,又想拥有一双明亮的眼睛,你就记住,玩电脑可不要超越底线。”在这里,前后句 的人称要保持一致。 精彩例文 The computer — a high-tech product, has become so popular that it is seen in almost every family. It is playing an important role in our everyday life. The computer helps us handle many matters: official business, chat online, study, sending e-mails, long-distance education and entertainment such as listening to music and watching video. But we also know that the computer is bad for our eyes, especially for the young kids’. Now there are more and more children who have to wear glasses in order to see clearly. Many children become near-sighted, and they are doing worse and worse in their studies because they spend too much time playing computer games. So if you want to have beautiful and bright eyes and gain some useful knowledge when you are young, the most important thing you will do is to plan your time carefully and well. Only in this way can you have a bright future. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(十一) 语态错误 【要点领悟】 英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态,主要由动词的变化形式来体现。英语中有些不及物动词或不及物 动词词组,汉语理解往往是及物的,而不及物动词却有汉语中及物动词的意思,所以同学们在平时的英语学习 中要特别注意这一点。 【信息提示】 比较下面两幅图片。请以“Great Changes in Our Country”为题写一篇短文,介绍改革开放 20 多年来祖国 的巨大的变化。词数 80 左右。 提示词: overpass 天桥 【习作实况】 Great Changes in Our Country Great changes have been (1) taken place in our country. Many buildings have been builded (2) in cities and towns, even at villages. The more cars we have, the more crowded the roads are. So the roads were become (3) wider and wider. Many overpasses have been builded (4) in big cities. Chinese people’s life is better now. We can buy things that we need in every part of the country. We have TVs, washing machines, fridges, computers, cars, etc. These things couldn’t buy (5) twenty years ago. We’ll study harder and make our country stronger and more beautiful. 【精讲点拨】 (1)take place 是不及物动词短语,没有被动语态。 (2)、(4) 被动语态的过去分词用得不对。 (3)动词 become 在这里是系动词,后接形容词比较级作表语。系动词通常没有被动语态。 (5)此处应用被动式 couldn’t be bought。 【精品范文】 Great Changes in Our Country Great changes have taken place in our country. Many buildings have been built in cities and towns, even at villages. The more cars we have, the more crowded the roads are. So the roads became wider and wider. Many overpasses have been built in big cities. Chinese people’s life is better now. We can buy things that we need in every part of the country. We have TVs, washing machines, fridges, computers, cars, etc. These things couldn’t be bought twenty years ago. We’ll study harder and make our country stronger and more beautiful. 中考英语书面表达常见错误分析(十二) 母语干扰 【要点领悟】 许多同学在用英语写作时很容易受汉语的影响而写错句子,即写所谓的 Chinglish。这是书面表达中常 见的错误之一。 【信息提示】 请你根据实际情况,以“My School Life”为题写一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。 【习作实况】 My School Life I’m a middle school student. Although our school is very usual (1), but (2) it’s beautiful in my heart. The school is covered with tall trees and beautiful flowers. The here (3) air is very fresh. In the morning, lots of schoolmates (4) early (5) go to school and do some exercises. Usually we have breakfast after our first class. All of the students take morning exercises on the playground after two classes. After that, someone (6) are reading in the library, others are playing and talking on the playground. We have three classes in the afternoon and do some sports that we like after school and go home at about 6:00. Oh! How colorful my school life is! 【精讲点拨】 (1)作者显然想表达“学校很一般或普通”,此处最好用 common 一词,而 usual 意思是“通常的”。 (2)受汉语“虽然……但是……”的影响,作者将这一意思直接译成英语“although…but…”,而在英语同 一句子中只用这两个词的其中之一表示汉语的“虽然……但是……”。 (3)here 是副词,用来修饰名词时应位于被修饰词之后。 (4)schoolmate 指校友、同学,通常不包含自己在内,改为 students 好些,指全校学生。 (5)“早早到校”的英语表达是 go to school early, 副词 early 应位于句末。 (6)someone 意思是“某人”,要改为 some students。 【精品范文】 My School Life I’m a middle school student. Although our school is very common, it’s beautiful in my heart. The school is covered with tall trees and beautiful flowers. The air here is very fresh. In the morning, lots of students go to school early and do some exercises. Usually we have breakfast after our first class. All the students take morning exercises on the playground after two classes. After that, some students are reading in the library, others are playing and talking on the playground. We have three classes in the afternoon and do some sports that we like after school and go home at about 6:00. Oh! How colorful my school life is!