译林牛津英语初三新版知识点复习巩固 20页

一、同步知识梳理(9AU1)‎ 知识点1：重点单词和短语 ‎ ‎1. It says 上面写着，上面显示 ‎2. eat up 吃光，吃完 （use up 用完，用尽）（代词的位置）‎ ‎3. be well organized 很有条理的 ‎4. keep …… in good order 使……保持井然有序 （in order 按顺序）‎ ‎5. show off炫耀,卖弄(show sb around sp带领某人参观某地 show sb the way to 给某人指路)‎ ‎6. repeat grammar rules for us 为我们重复语法规则 ‎7. come up with （= think of 想出，提出 ）；追上，赶上 ‎8. be curious about 对…感到好奇 ‎9. get angry easily 容易生气（anger n.）‎ ‎10. make a good accountant 成为一名优秀的会计 ‎11. neither ……nor …… 既不……也不……（就近原则）Neither he nor I am well educated ‎ ‎ either……or …… 或者……或者 ……‎ ‎ both……and ……两者都连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 ‎12. be happy with = be satisfied with 对……感到满意 ‎13. a born artist 一个天生的艺术家 ‎14. impress the whole country with his creative work 他的富有创造力的作品给全国人民留下深刻的印象 ‎15. win high praise from the art community 赢得艺术团的高度赞扬 ‎16. give up 放弃（代词放中间）give up doing sth = stop doing sth放弃做某事 ‎ ‎17. work for the sales department in a big company 在一家大公司的销售部工作 ‎18. day after day 日复一日 ‎19. the general manager 总经理 ‎20. take the lead 处于领先地位，带头 ‎21. be ready to do 准备做某事 ‎22. take on new challenges 接受新的挑战 ‎23. the chief engineer 首席工程师 ‎24. connect……with/to …… 把……和……连接起来 ‎25. a miss is as good as a mile 差之毫厘，谬以千里（as good as与……几乎一样，简直是）‎ ‎26. can’t afford to do 负担得起（费用、损失、后果）多用于否定句和疑问句中 ‎27. make mistakes 犯错误 ‎28. pay attention to every detail 注意每个细节 （to 为介词 + doing sth ）‎ ‎29. work to high standards 工作高标准 ‎30. easy to work with 容易一起工作 ‎31. a pioneer heart surgeon 一位心脏外科手术的带头人 ‎32. can’t be too careful = can never be too careful 再怎么细心也不为过 ‎33. be willing to do sth 愿意做某事 ‎34. perform/do an operation on sb给某人做手术 ‎35. devote oneself/ one’s life / time to 把……奉献给……（to为介词,后接名词，代词，动名词）‎ ‎36. respect sb = have / show respect for sb 尊重，尊敬某人 ‎37. be suitable for 适合 ‎38. accept others’ advice 接受别人的建议 ‎39. think twice (about sth ) 三思而行 ‎40. worry too much担心太多 ‎41. be patient / impatient with 对……有/ 没有耐心 ‎42. not only ……but (also )…… 不但……而且…… （就近原则）‎ ‎43. appear in a fixed order 按照固定的顺序出现 ‎44. make his lesson lively and interesting使他的课上得生动而有趣（lively活泼的，生气勃勃的指人或物）‎ ‎45. people born under the same star sign出生在同一星座下的人们 ‎46. share similar personalities具有相似的个性 ‎47. depend on 依靠 ‎48. be divided into被分成 divide ……into …… 把……分成……‎ ‎49. It’s you who shape your life and your future 你的生活和将来都掌握在你的手中（强调句型）‎ ‎50. It’s said that 据说 ‎51. make a speech = give a speech 作演讲 ‎52. do extra work 做额外的工作 ‎53. win several science competitions 赢得几项科学竞赛 ‎54. get himself more organized 使他自己更加有条理 ‎55. be absent from school 缺席 ‎ ‎56. recommend sb as… 推荐某人为/当…‎ ‎57. find it difficult to work with him ‎58. be formed by both nature and the environment天生和后天环境形成的 ‎59. be passed onto you by your parents有你的父母遗传给你 ‎60. liveliness and impatience活泼和急躁 ‎61. like father ,like son有其父必有其子 ‎62. has many strong qualities for this position许多突出的品质适合这个职位 知识点2：重点讲解 ‎1. Suzy is well organized. She keeps all her things in good order.  (1) organized adj. 有条理的，有效率的 organize 动词，意为“组织，安排” organization 名词，意为“组织，机构” 例句：I agreed to help organize the company picnic.  They have established a student organization. 他们成立了一个学生组织。 (2) order ‎ ①名词，意为“顺序” ‎ ‎ in good order 有条不紊  Out of order 次序颠倒，不按顺序 in the wrong order 次序乱了 keep good order 保持良好的次序 in order that + 句子 目的在于……,为了…… ‎ in order to do sth.为了做某事 ②order 做动词，意为“命令；订购”‎ 例句： He ordered a new suit for himself. 他为自己订购了一套新西装. He ordered us to leave the room quietly. 他命令我们悄悄的离开房间。 ‎ ‎2. Daniel is very clever,but he is modest and never shows off.‎ show off 炫耀；卖弄，后面接名词、代词和从句，代词放中间。 ‎ Don't show it off here. 不要在这炫耀它。 ‎ show 的用法 show sb. sth = show sth to sb 把某物给某人看 show sb around some place 带领某人参观某地 ‎ show sb the way to…/where …is/ how sb can get to…告诉某人去……的路 show +that 从句……表明…… ‎ show up 出现，到来 ‎ 例句：‎ Your work shows that you are careful.‎ He showed up at last. ‎ ‎3. Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant.‎ Neither ‎ ‎1)neither 用作代词，意为“两者都不”常用结构：neither of + 代词或名词复数，此结构做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Either 也有相似的用法，表示“任何一个”‎ 例句：Neither of the stories was true. 两个故事都不是真的。‎ ‎2)用作形容词，意为”（两者中）没有一个，表示全部否定，后接可数名词单数 例句：Neither story is interesting.两个故事都没有趣。‎ ‎3)并列连词，neither…nor…，既不……也不……，在句子中连接同等的句子成分，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致。(就近原则)‎ 例句：Neither you nor I am right. 你和我都不对。‎ ‎4. Wu Wei, the young artist, has impressed the whole country with his creative work ‎(1) Impress 动词，“给……留下深刻的印象”三种句型 1) impress sb.with sth ‎ 例句：He impressed me with his excellent drawing skills. 他高超的绘画技巧给我留下了深刻的印象。‎ 2) be impressed by/with ‎ 例句：I am impressed by/with your speech.‎ 3) leave/make/have an impression on sb.‎ 例句：Your school left/made/had a beautiful impression on me.‎ ‎(2)whole 形容词，意为“全部的，整体的，所有的”，用在名词前作定语 ‎ 例：She spent the whole day writing. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. His sculpture for Sunshine Town Square has won high praise from the art community. ‎ (1) praise n.赞扬，赞美，表扬 receive praise 接受赞美 give praise 表扬 high praise 高度赞扬 例句：‎ 他赞扬她的勇气 He praised her for her courage. 朋友们的赞扬使这个孩子很自豪。 The praises of his friends made the body feel very proud (2) won 是win 的过去分词，此处作及物动词，意为“赢得”，也可作不及物动词，意为“获胜，赢” ‎ 例句：Who won the race today? ‎ ‎ We must win today. ‎ 辨析：win 与beat ‎ Win 赢得，获胜 所接宾语一般是比赛、辩论、战斗、奖金等名词或赢得的荣誉 beat 打败，战胜 所接宾语是参加比赛的人、团体等 例句： Lilei beat Jim and won the first prize. 李雷击败了吉姆，获得了第一名。‎ ‎6. You either take the lead or fall behind. 你要么领先，要么落后。 (P8) ‎ ‎(1) either ‎1) 用作副词，意为“也不”，通常用在否定句末。‎ 例句： I don’t want the blue one, and I don’t want the red one,either.‎ ‎2) 用作代词, 意为“ (两者中的）任何一个，后常与of 连用 例句：There are two bikes in the room. You can ride either of them.‎ ‎3) 用作形容词，意为”（两者中）任一的；后接可数名词单数 例句：There are shops on either side of the stree.‎ ‎4) either … or…并列连词，要么…要么，或者…或者，不是…就是，在句子中连接同等的句子成分，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致。‎ 例句：Either you or he is wrong. 不是你错了，就是他错了。‎ ‎(2) take the lead意为“处于领先地位” ‎ 例句：She took the lead in the second lap. 她在第二圈时领先。‎ ‎(3) fall behind意为“落后” Come on！We are falling behind. ‎ ‎7. As a doctor, you can’t be too careful.‎ Can’t…too…固定句型，意为“无论怎么样都不过分，越……越好 You can’t praise the book too much. 这本书值得大加赞扬。‎ 拓展：有时也用can never, impossible 等与too 连用来表示类似的意思。‎ 例句：It is impossible to get to school too soon. 到校越早越好。‎ ‎8. She has devoted most of her time to her work. ‎ devote (1) devote用作及物动词，意为“把……献给；把……用在”，常与介词to搭配，构成devote ... to ...结构，介词to之后跟名词或动词-ing形式。例句：‎ I don’t think we should devote any more time to this question.‎ 我认为我们不应该在这个问题上花更多的时间。‎ He devoted his whole life to teaching.他把毕生精力献给了教学。‎ ‎(2) devote oneself/one’s time to 致力于，献身于 例句：For four years he devoted himself to music.四年来，他全力倾注于音乐。‎ ‎9. They appear in a fixed order and the cycle repeats every 12 years. ‎ ‎①appear 作不及物动词，意思为“出现，露出”。如：‎ A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain.‎ 批注：appear作为不及物动词时既不能后接宾语，也不能用于被动语态。‎ 作连系动词，意思为“看起来，似乎”，后可接名词、形容词、动词不定式或从句等。如：‎ It appears a true story. 　‎ He appears (to be) quite rich .‎ He appears to be living in the area. 　　‎ It appears that he forgot to sign the letter. ‎ ‎【拓展】appear的反义词是disappear，类似加dis-这样的否定前缀的词还有：dislike, dishonest, discuss等。‎ ‎②fixed 形容词，“固定的”‎ fix 动词，“修理；使固定”。如： Can you fix this MP4 for me here now?‎ 常用短语： fix up 修理，修补，如：I'll take it to the watch maker's and ask him to fix it up for me.‎ ‎10. lively, live, alive 与living辨析 （P15）‎ ‎①lively “生动的，活泼的”，用作表语或定语，可以用来修饰人或物。如：‎ Jenny is a lively girl . 詹妮是个活泼的女孩。 ‎ Everything is lively here . 这儿一切都生机勃勃。‎ ‎②live “活着的”，通常指物，不指人，常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。 如:‎ a live wire 有电的电线，a live fish 一条活鱼。‎ ‎③alive “活着“，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，既可指人，也可指物;可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。如:‎ No man alive is greater than he . 在活着的人中没有人比他更伟大了。‎ He wanted to keep the fish alive . 他想让鱼活着。‎ ‎④living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”，“健在”，可用来指人或物，作定语或表语。如:‎ My first teacher is still living . 我的启蒙老师仍健在。 ‎ English is a living language . 英语是活的语言。 ‎ 批注：living 前加上 the , 表示类别，指“活着的人们”。living 还可用于短语，例如:make a living 谋生。‎ ‎11. It is you who shape your life and your future. (P16)是你自己塑造了你的生活和你的未来。‎ ‎“It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”构成了强调句结构。‎ 如：Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.‎ ‎　　It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语)‎ ‎　　It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语)‎ ‎　　It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语)‎ It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (强调地点状语)‎ 注意：①it强调句型不能强调句子的谓语。‎ ‎ ②强调部分指人用who或that，强调部分指物用that.‎ ‎12. It is said that people born in the year of Tiger are brave.(P16)据说在虎年出生的人很勇敢。‎ It is said that...据说，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。类似的结构还有：‎ ‎①it is reported that..据报道......如：‎ It is reported that the police have found the missing girl students. ‎ ‎② It is believed that...据说，据信......如：‎ It is believed that the spy is still in Russia. ‎ ‎③It is known that...众所周知......如：‎ It is known that the Youth Olympic Games were held successfully in Nanjing this summer.‎ ‎④It is thought that...据估计，人们认为.......，如：‎ It is thought that there are more than 3000 different languages in the world.‎ ‎13. We hope that you agree with us. (P18) 我们希望你同意我们的意见。‎ agree “同意”，常见用法：‎ ‎①agree with sb “同意某人的意见”。如：‎ All of us agreed with the professor.‎ ‎②agree to (a plan) 同意（计划）。如：‎ They agreed to the plan. ‎ agree to do 同意做某事。如：‎ I don’t agree to make the experiment.‎ ‎③ agree on sth 就...取得一致。如：‎ Finally, we agreed on the price with the seller. ‎ ‎14. We are writing to recommend David as our new monitor.‎ recommend sb. as … 推荐某人为……‎ recommend sb.sth = recommend .sth to sb 向某人推荐某物 recommend sb to do sth 劝告/建议某人做某事 I recommend him as your assistant.‎ Mr. Zhang recommend the book to his students. ‎ We recommended him to speak at the meeting.‎ 二、同步题型分析 例1: In order the world a friendly place, one must show a friendly face. A. makes.  B. making  C. to make  D.make 解析：in order to 表目的，“为了” ‎ 答案：C 例2：（2013•扬州）--Who's the most modest boy in your class?‎ ‎ ----Daniel. He never in public.‎ ‎ A. gets off. B. takes off. C . Shows off. D turns off ‎ 解析：考查固定动词短语。gets off.“下车”； “takes off”脱下，起飞”； Shows off“炫耀”； turns off “关掉”。根据句意选择C 答案：C 例3：（2013•镇江）--Helen is a thoughtful girl. ‎ ‎---Yes. I think she is plan everything well. ‎ ‎ A.too talented to . B. talented enough to. C.so talented that. D.such a talented girl that ‎ 解析：因为so...that 和such ....that 后面的that句型都跟句子，而too...to表示太……而不能……，此句意是“我认为她有足够的能力把一切计划的很好”，所以选B项。‎ 答案：B 例4：(2013黄石中考）I can’t play the piano,and ‎ A. neither can my sister. B.my sister can’t, too.‎ C. so can’t my sister. D.can my sister,either 解析：结构:neither + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语意为“……也不……”‎ 答案：A ‎ ‎ 例5：（安徽中考）---Our team the match. We've got the first place! {这个是忘了吗}‎ ‎ ---Well done! Congratulations!‎ ‎ A. Hit. B. beat. C.won. D. watched ‎ 解析：由第二句“我们得了第一名”可知，我们对赢得了比赛，故排除A、D;beat 后接人，win 后接match等词。本句宾语是match，因此动词用win ‎ 答案： C ‎ 例5（2013浙江杭州中考）They are able to talk openly to one another whenever of them feels hurt.‎ A. either B .both C .some D. All 解析： (两者中的）任何一个 答案：A 例题7：完成句子 他想通过他的努力学习给老师留下好的印象。‎ He want to his teachers his hard work. ‎ 答案： Impress ; with ‎ 例题8：完成句子 你越勤奋越好 You hard-working.‎ 答案：Can’t be too ‎ 三、课堂达标检测 检测题1：单项选择 ‎1. Jack is very ______and he never shares his things with others.‎ A.clever B.kind C.generous D.selfish ‎2. Though the work is very hard, he doesn’t want to_______easily.‎ ‎ A. give in B. give up C. give away D. give over ‎3. It’s very kind you to help me my English.‎ ‎ A.of; on B.of; with C.for; with D.of; of ‎4.They can’t find in our neighborhood.‎ ‎ A.something strange B.strange something C.anything strange D.strange anything ‎5.It took time to read such a book.‎ ‎ A.too much B.much too C.too many D. many too ‎6.The workers three years the great building.‎ ‎ A.spent；to build B.spent；building C.paid；for D.cost；on ‎7.I will look after your dog while you are away.You worry about it.‎ ‎ A.shall not B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.may not ‎8.Mr. Smith will give us a talk on computers next week.‎ ‎ A.at times B.sometime C.sometimes D.some times ‎9.The doctor asked my father to give up to keep healthy.‎ ‎ A.smoking B.smoke C.smoke D.to smoke ‎10.We should pay attention to the teacher carefully.‎ ‎ A.listen to B.listening C.listening to D.listen Keys：‎ ‎1.D selfish自私的;clever聪明的;kind友好的;generous慷慨的。‎ ‎2.B give up放弃。句意：尽管工作很难，但他不想轻易放弃。‎ ‎3.B “It’s+adj.+of sb. to do sth.”表示“某人做某事真是太……了”；“It’s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”。由句意可知应使用第一种句型，另外，“帮助某人做某事”应为help sb. with sth.。‎ ‎4.C something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句或疑问句；形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在所修饰词的后面。‎ ‎5.A too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词；too many太多，修饰可数名词复数，many too搭配有误。由空格后的time可知选A。‎ ‎6.B 本题考查句型spend...doing sth.，意为“花费……做某事”。‎ ‎7.C 由前句“你不在的时候我会照看你的狗”可判断后句应为“你不应该担心它”。‎ ‎8.B at times有时；sometime某个时间；sometimes有时；some times几次。由句意“史密斯先生下周某个时间将给我们作一个关于电脑的报告”可知选B。‎ ‎9.A give up “放弃”，后接动词时，应用v.-ing形式，即give up doing sth.。‎ ‎10.C pay attention to后需用v.-ing形式作宾语，“听老师讲课”用listen to。‎ 检测题2：词汇题。‎ ‎1. Rub this oil into your skin and your headache will soon __________(appear)!Have a try!‎ ‎2. As a secretary, Miss Luo is well_______________(organize).‎ ‎3 .It’s necessary for us to get enough sleep if we want to be______________(energy).‎ ‎4. Song Zuying has a beautiful voice and she is a __________(birth)singer.‎ ‎5. Many teenagers often go to school without ( have) breakfast. It is not good for them.‎ ‎6. It is important for us (take) action to prevent A-Flu-HINI (甲型H1N1流感) spreading.‎ ‎7.It was (粗心) of Ricky to leave the door unlocked when he went to bed.（玄武区）‎ ‎8.We all think Helen is (乐于助人的) enough to be a YOG volunteer.（建邺区）‎ ‎9.That football match will be covered (实况直播) on TV on Saturday. （栖霞区）‎ ‎10.It’s necessary to (分组) them into a team of five while playing this game.‎ 答案：1.disappear 2.organized 3.energetic 4.born 5.having 6.to take 7.careless 8.helpful 9.live 10.divide 一、同步知识梳理 (9AU2)‎ 知识点1：重点句型和短语 1. There’s nothing wrong with 没问题，没毛病 ‎ ‎ = There isn’t anything wrong with = Nothing is wrong with ‎2. Sth looks good/nice on sb 某物穿在某人身上好看 sb looks good in + 颜色/衣服 某人穿什么颜色的衣服好看 ‎3. Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow ?你知道彩虹有多少颜色吗？‎ ‎4. influence our moods 影响我们的心情 have an influence on 对……有影响 ‎5. make us feel happy 使我们感到高兴 （make sb do sth 使某人做某事；注意被动形式）‎ ‎6. feel sleepy 感到困倦 ‎ ‎ -- go to sleep 去睡觉 ‎ --fall asleep (短暂性)入睡 be asleep (延续性)睡着的 a sleeping boy 一个正在睡觉的男孩 ‎7. be good/ bad for 对……有好处/ 坏处 be good to 对……亲切 be good at 擅长于……‎ ‎8. feel relaxed （人）感到放松 --- relaxing films 令人放松的电影 ‎9. be painted blue 被漆成蓝色 （主动语态为 paint sth + 颜色 把某物漆成……颜色）‎ ‎10. bring peace to our mind and body 给我们的大脑和身体带来平静 ‎11. represent sadness = stand for sadness代表伤心 ‎12. feel blue/sad 感到悲伤/难过 ‎13. on one's wedding day在某人婚礼的那天 ‎14. prefer = like better 宁愿,更喜欢（过去式、过去分词preferred）‎ ‎ prefer sth / doing sth / to do sth ‎ ‎ prefer sb. (not) to do sth.宁愿某人（不）做某事 ‎ prefer sth to sth 宁愿喜欢……而不愿喜欢……‎ ‎ prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿做事情而不愿做事情 ‎15. create a warm and comfortable feeling 创造一种温暖而舒服的感觉 ‎16. cheer sb. up (代词放中间)=make sb happy 使某人高兴起来，某人振作起来 ‎17. remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事,提醒某人某事= cause/help sb to remember sth ‎ ‎ remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 ‎18. hope for success 希望成功 ‎19. require strength in either body or mind 在身体或精神上需要力量 ‎ require sb to do sth = ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 ‎ (sth) require/need doing = require/need to be done 需要被做 (主动形式表示被动意义）‎ 20. make / find/ think/ feel + it 形式宾语+ （for sb）+ to do sth ‎ ‎（对某人来说）使/发现/认为/觉得做某事怎么样 I find it hard to learn English well 我发现学好英语是困难的 ‎21. have difficulty (in) doing sth.=have difficulty with sth.做某事有困难 (difficulty不可数 用法类似的有：trouble/ problems)‎ ‎22. make a decision 决定 make a decision to do sth= make up one’s mind(s) to do sth= decide to do sth决定做…‎ 知识点2：重点讲解：‎ ‎1. I’d rather wear blue than pink. 我宁愿穿蓝色也不愿穿粉红色。‎ would rather… than… 表示“宁愿…而不愿…”，“更愿意…”；rather后跟动词原形。‎ 否定式时，not要放在would rather之后。如：‎ e.g. He’d rather stay at home than go out on such a rainy day.‎ He would rather not go to the party. 他宁可不去参加聚会。‎ ‎ do sth 宁愿做某事 ‎ ‎ not do sth 宁愿不做某事 would rather do A than do B 宁愿做动作A不愿动作B ‎ do sth A than sth B 宁愿做A事不愿做B事 I would rather stay at home at night.‎ I would rather not sit here.‎ She would rather go out than stay at home on Sunday.‎ I would rather have juice than water.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. There’s nothing wrong with pink, you know. 你是知道的，粉红色本身没有错。‎ nothing 是不定代词，它通常放在所修饰的形容词之前。类似的不定代词还有something/somebody; anything/anybody; nobody/nothing/no one 等。‎ There is nothing/ something wrong with sb./ sth. 表示某人/某个东西没出/出了毛病。‎ e.g. There is something wrong with my watch It doesn’t work.‎ ‎3. Colours can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.‎ 颜色会改变我们的情绪，让我们感到高兴或悲伤，充满活力或昏昏欲睡。‎ make sb. do sth. “使得某人做某事”，后接宾语和宾语补足语。‎ e.g. The news made her very sad.‎ ‎4. Wearing blue clothes or sleeping in a blue room is good for the mind and body because this colour creates the feeling of harmony. 穿蓝色的衣服或睡在一间蓝色的房间里对我们的身体和头脑都有好处，因为这个颜色创造出和谐的感觉。‎ be good for … “对…有利”e.g. Taking a walk after supper is good for our health.‎ ‎ 它的反义词是 be bad for ‎ ‎ wearing是wear的动名词形式，因为它在句中做主语，所以要加ing e.g. Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.‎ ‎5. I am feeling blue. 我感到伤心。‎ 英语中一些表示颜色的词常常会有另外的喻义。‎ e.g. a green hand 生手 He is yellow. 他懦弱 a white lie 一个善意的谎言 ‎6. People who live in cold climates prefer to use warm colours to give their homes a warm and comfortable feel. 生活在寒冷气候下的人们更愿意使用暖色给他们的家带来温暖、舒适的感觉。‎ prefer “更喜欢”，后可跟名词、代词，也可跟动词不定式或动名词。‎ (1) prefer to do sth 意为“更喜欢做某事”。如：‎ I prefer to stay at home ‎(2) prefer to do sth rather than do sth 意为“宁愿做------- 而不愿做-------‎ She prefers to play outside rather than stay at home .‎ ‎(3) prefer doing sth to doing sth --- 意为“比起做------更喜欢做------”。‎ Boys prefer playing football to playing badminton .‎ ‎(4) prefer sth to sth 意为“比起-----更喜欢某物”。I prefer cakes to rice ‎ ‎7. Yellow is the colour of sun, so it can remind you of a warm, sunny day.黄色是太阳的颜色，所以它能使你想起温暖、晴朗的日子。‎ remind sb of sth/ sb. “使某人想起某事/某人”‎ e.g. He reminds me of my brother.‎ ‎8. This can help when you are having difficulty making a decision.‎ ‎ 当你难以作出决定的时候，它会帮助你。‎ make a decision “做决定”‎ have difficulty doing sth. “做某事有困难”‎ e.g. They had some difficulties getting on the bus yesterday.‎ ‎9. They can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.‎ 它们能改变我们的心情使我们感到快乐或悲伤，精力旺盛或无精打采。‎ ‎ ★asleep是形容词，表示一种状态，在句子中都可作表语，一般不能放在被修饰名词前作定语，意为“睡着的，入睡的”。如：‎ ‎① He was very tired and soon fell asleep. 他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。‎ ‎② He seems to be fast asleep. 他似乎睡得很香。‎ ‎ ★sleepy用作形容词，意为“欲睡的”“困乏的”，在句子中可作定语，修饰名词。如：‎ ‎① I shall go to bed because I am so sleepy. 我要睡觉了，因为我很困。‎ ‎② I am too sleepy to watch the end of the film. 我太困了，以致于没看完这部影片。‎ ‎ ★sleep是动词或名词，意思是“睡觉”。如：‎ ‎① I had a sound sleep last night. 昨晚我睡得很香。‎ ‎② He was very tired and soon he got to sleep. 他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。‎ ‎【注】动名词sleeping可用作定语。如：‎ ‎　　　sleeping bags 睡袋 sleeping cars 卧车 ‎ ★get to sleep / go to sleep意为“睡着”“入睡”。如：‎ ‎① I couldn’t get to sleep because I was too excited. 我不能入睡，因为我太激动。‎ ‎② She can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 我睡不着觉,因为外面的噪声太大。‎ ‎10. We promise you success,or you will get your money back!‎ Promise 在文中作及物动词使用，表示“允诺；承诺”的意思。常用于下面几种结构：‎ ‎（1）promise sb sth / promise sth to sb 答应/许诺某人某事，promise后接双宾语。‎ Eg;I promise my mother success in the exam. I can’t fail it.我向妈妈承诺过考试要成功，我不能失败。‎ I promised you to come back before suppper.我答应你在晚饭之前回来。‎ ‎(2) promise to do sth 承诺将会做某事 He has promised to behave better henceforth.他答应从今以后要表现的好些。‎ ‎(3) promise (sb) that 许诺说 Eg : She promised her brother that she would write to him. 她答应弟弟将给他写信。‎ ‎(4) promise 还可以做名词，常见的短语有：‎ make a promise 许诺 Keep/ break one’s promise 信守/违背诺言 ‎11. She advises people what colour to wear.‎ advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,不等式to do做宾语补足语，注意此结构的被动语态be advised to do. Advise doing sth意为“建议做某事”‎ I advise them to stay here.我建议他们呆在这儿。[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ He advised the old man not to go by himself.他建议这位老人不要自己去。‎ My mother advised going to Hainan for our holiday.我妈妈建议去海南度假。‎ ★ advise的名词形式为advice，是不可数名词。‎ 如：a piece of advice一条建议. some advice.‎ ★ 常用短语有：‎ give sb some advice on …..在某方面给某人一些建议 ask sb for advice on…..请求某人在某方面给出建议 take/follow sb’s advice采纳/接受某人的建议 ‎12. I found it a bit strange, but I can’t say why.我发现它有点奇怪，但我说不出为什么？‎ find it a bit strange, 动词+宾语+宾语补足语结构 也可用 find it’s a bit strange 动词+宾语从句的结构 a bit + adj.=a little +adj. 有点… …‎ e.g.I found him a bit sad just now. 我刚才发现他有点难过。‎ ‎13. He does look like Mr. Wu. 他看上去真的像吴老师。‎ does look like 中的does 起强调作用。“真的很像”的意思。‎ e.g.He did go to Shanghai yesterday. 他昨天真的去上海了 二、同步题型分析 例1: Alan wears a pair of red sports shoes to make himself look more __________. (power) 解析：look 系动词 后加形容词作表语 答案：powerful ‎ 例2：Wearing red cam help you make a ____________(decide).‎ 解析：考查固定动词短语 make a decision “做出一个决定”‎ 答案：decision ‎ 例3：Simon prefers _________TV at home rather than_________ to the park．‎ ‎ A．watch；go B．watching；going C．to watch；to go D．to watch；go 解析：考察句型 prefer to doArather than do B“相对于B，更喜欢做A”‎ 答案：D 例4：He’d rather_________vegetables than_________meat for lunch．‎ ‎ A．eat；having B．having；eat C．eat；have D．eats；has 解析：考察句型 would rather do A than do B “宁愿做A，而不愿做B”‎ 答案：C ‎ ‎ 例5：The old photos_________them_________the old days when they were young．‎ ‎ A．let；to B．make；for C．take；of D．remind；of 解析：考察句型remind sb. of sth “使某人想起某物”‎ 答案： D ‎ 例6：He has some _________the maths problem．‎ A. difficulty to work on B. difficulty to work out C. difficulties in working on D. difficulty in working out 解析：考察句型 have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth “做某事遇到了困难”词组 work out “计算出；解决（困难）；制定出、想出”。‎ 答案：D 三、课堂达标检测 检测题1：用所给词的适当形式填空 检测题2：根据句意及中英文提示完成单词。‎ ‎1.Playing too many computer games has a bad ________(影响) on teenagers.‎ ‎2.He said he _______ (更喜欢) English to Maths.‎ ‎3.I hope Beijing Music Awards will be a big ___________(成功).‎ ‎4.You should wear white if you are feeling ____________(感到压力的).‎ ‎5.We are _________(成功) in completing the hard work than they are.‎ ‎6.This toy is not ________(适合的) for young children.‎ ‎7.Do you know the relationship between colours and (心情)？‎ ‎8.Thank you for ________(remind)me of the meeting.‎ ‎9.Let's share your _________(sad),please cheer up.‎ ‎10.He is _____ ( energy) enough to be a new chairperson.‎ ‎11.If you need physical ___________ (strong), you should wear red clothes.‎ ‎12. Tom didn’t go to bed until midnight yesterday. He feels very______(sleep)at the moment.‎ ‎13. The boy is very lazy and his parents feel very______(worry)about him.‎ ‎14. Mary _____(prefer)milk to coffee when she was young.‎ ‎15. After taking the driving test, the man feels_________(relax).‎ ‎16. The Chinese people have lots of______(wise)and create many wonders.‎ 答案：‎ ‎1.influence 2.preferred 3.success 4.stressed 5.successful 6.suitable 7.moods 8.reminding 9.sadness 10.energetic 11. strength 12. sleepy 13. worried 14.preferred 15. relaxed 16.wisdom ‎ 检测题2：句型转换 ‎1 .There isn’t anyone in the dining room now.（改为同义句）‎ There in the dining room now.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎2. Mrs Brown is so old that she could do nothing.（改为同义句）‎ Mrs Brown is old to do .‎ ‎3.There is something wrong with your watch.(改为否定句)‎ There is _______ ________with your watch.‎ ‎4. I don’t know how I can spell the new words.（改为同义句）‎ I don’t know the new words.‎ ‎5.Jane went to Beijing to visit the Forbidden City.(对画线部分提问)‎ ‎_______ ________Jane_________to Beijing?‎ 答案：1. is nobody 2. too,anything 3.nothing wrong 4.how to spell 5.Why did,go 一.专题精讲 ‎ ‎1．并列连词 ‎(1). 具有引申意义的并列连词 and (和), as well as(和)，both……and(既……又……)，‎ neither…nor（既不……又不），not only……but also（不但……而且）‎ ‎ We're here anyway, and that's lucky．我们总算到了，运气还不错。‎ ‎ Air, as well as water, is needed to make plants grow．空气和水一样是植物生长所必须的。‎ ‎ The room is both clean and bright．那房间既干净又明亮。（连接两个形容词）‎ ‎ Neither Tom nor the twins like to play football．汤姆和那对双胞胎都不喜欢踢足球。‎ ‎ She is not only a teacher but also a writer．她不但是个老师，而且还是个作家。‎ ‎ [注意]用“neither…or…”，“not only…but also…”连接主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则，与最靠近谓语动词的部分（亦即nor/ but also后面的部分）的单复数一致。‎ ‎ Neither you nor I，nor anybody else knows the answer. 无论是你、是我，还是任何别的人都不知道答案。‎ ‎ Not only he but also you are wrong．不但是他，连你也错了。‎ ‎(2). 具有转折意义的并列连词 but(但是)，however（然而），still（但是），while(而)，yet(但是)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ There will still be difficulties, but we can manage．困难仍然会有，但是我们可以设法解决。‎ ‎ I was reading English while he was watching TV．我在读英语而他在看电视。‎ ‎ He failed again, still he didn't lose heart．他又失败了，但是他并不灰心。‎ ‎ He is always polite to me, and yet I don't like him．他总是对我很礼貌，但我仍不喜欢他。‎ ‎(3). 具有选择意义的并列连词 ‎ ‎ or(或者；否则)，either…or(不是A就是B)，otherwise (否则)‎ ‎ The sea can be blue or green or grey．海有时候会是蓝色，或者绿色，或者灰色。‎ ‎ Do you want to have a bath at once or shall I have mine first? 你想马上洗个澡，或是让我先来洗？‎ ‎ Hurry or you will miss the train．赶快，否则你赶不上火车了。‎ ‎ You can either watch TV or play computer games．你可以看电视或者玩电子游戏。‎ ‎ [注意]用“either…or…”连接主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则，与最靠近谓语动词的部分（亦即or后面的部分）的单复数一致。‎ ‎ Either Tom or his two brothers have to clean the house．不是汤姆，就是他的两个兄弟必须打扫房子。‎ ‎(4). 具有因果意义的并列连词 ‎ ‎ ‎ for (因为), so (因此)，thus(这样)‎ ‎ He shook his head, for he thought differently．他摇摇头，因为他想得不一样。‎ ‎ The days were short, for it was now December．白天的时间短了，因为现在是十二月。‎ ‎ The play began at eight, so we must have dinner at seven．戏8点开演，因此我们必须7点吃饭。‎ He studies hard, thus he got high marks. 他学习努力，所以得了高分。‎ ‎2．从属连词 ‎(1) 引导宾语从句的从属连词分别由连接代词that，who( m)，what，which，whose等，或连接副词if／whether，when，where，why，how等充当。‎ ‎(2) 引导状语从句的从属连词 引导状语从句的从属连词可表示下列关系：‎ 时间when, while, until, before, after, as soon as, since 原因because, since, now that, as 条件if, whether 让步though, although 结果so…that, such…that 目的so that, in order that 比较than, as…as, not so/as…as 二、专题过关 ‎【例l】________ John failed to climb to the top of the mountain several times, he didn’t give up．‎ A. Although B. Because C. Whether D. Unless ‎【解析】本题答案是A。根据主从句的句意：虽然John几次都未能爬到山顶，但他没有放弃。这是although引导的让步状语从句，所以选A。‎ ‎【例2】Keep an English diary，________ your English will improve. ‎ A. or B. since C. when D. and ‎【解析】本题答案是D。本句的知识点：祈使句，and/ then/or +一般将来时的简单句。其中“or”解释为“否则”，“and/then”解释为“然后”，根据句意选择D。‎ ‎【例3】We should leave early tomorrow morning，________ we won't get there on time.‎ A. so B. but C. or D. and ‎【解析】答案是C。连词or在句中表示“否则，不然”，转折所导致的结果；so表示结果；前后对应，and是并列关系的连词；but表示转折与上文相反。‎ ‎【例4】Bill won't make any progress ________ he studies harder than before. ‎ A. so B. when C. because D. unless ‎【解析】答案是D。根据句意结果是不会取得进步，四个选项的关系so所以，表示结果；when当……时候，表示时间；because因为；unless如果不，除非，表示条件。‎ ‎【例5】________ Tom ________ Mary is busy at the moment. You'd better play with others．‎ A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Neither; nor D. Either; or ‎【解析】本题答案是B。首先根据动词is ‎ busy单数形式可排除A选项动词用复数。根据下文意思分析，此刻两个人都很忙，不能和你玩。而C选项是否定意义，两个人都不忙，D选项表示两个人中有一个人忙，可以和你玩。这是极容易错的典型题。‎ ‎【例6】The cyclist held his raincoat tightly ________ the wind couldn't blow it away. ‎ A. so B. so that C. when D. because ‎【解析】本题答案是B。首先要考虑上下文的关系，不是因果关系，所以排除A和D。紧紧抓住雨衣目的是为了防止刮走，而C是表示时间的连词。‎ ‎【例7】Peter was late for the meeting ________ he missed the ferry. ‎ A. though B. because C. while D. if ‎【解析】答案是B。本句上下文是因果关系，上句是结果，下句表示原因，故用because。四个选项都是引导状语从句的从属连词而不是并列连词。though是转折关系的从属连词；while用来表示转折关系；if表示假设的条件，不符合句意。‎ ‎【例8】 Which would you like to buy，a DVD player ________ an MP3 player? ‎ A. so B. or C. but D．and ‎【解析】答案是B。本句是选择疑问句，是“特殊疑问句，A or B?”结构。提供两种情况，询问对方选择哪一种。‎ ‎【例9】Mr. Li is our teacher and friend as well.（保持句意基本不变）‎ Mr. Li is ________ only our teacher ________ also our friend. ‎ ‎【解析】答案是not only…but also。根据句意，as well是“也是”的意思，而not only．．．but also是固定词组，表示“不仅……而且”，与句意吻合。‎ 三、学法提炼 ‎1. 专题特定：连词是选择，完形中常考。熟练地连词使用，对写作也有提升。‎ ‎2. 解题方法：连词看似简单实则易错。特别要提醒同学注意的是必须掌握每个连词的用法，认真仔细地思考、分析和判断，这样才能从四个选项中通过排除三个错误的选项选出正确答案。杜绝有些同学没有经过完整的思考，题目只读到一半的时候就填写答案。‎ ‎3. 注意事项：注意使用连词后，哪些谓语动词用单数，哪些用复数。‎ 学法升华 一、 知识收获 ‎1. 本单元学习了哪些重要短语？‎ accept others’ advice 接受别人的建议 think twice (about sth ) 三思而行 be /get angry with sb 生某人的的气 be /get angry at/ about sth 因某事而生气 worry too much担心太多 be patient / impatient with 对……有/ 没有耐心 not only ……but (also )…… 不但……而且…… （就近原则）‎ do the dishes 洗碗，洗餐具 animal signs 生肖 appear in a fixed order 按照固定的顺序出现 make his lesson lively and interesting使他的课上得生动而有趣（lively活泼的，生气勃勃的指人或物）‎ It’s said that 据说 make a speech = give a speech 作演讲 do extra work 做额外的工作 win several science competitions 赢得几项科学竞赛 get himself more organized 使他自己更加有条理 be absent from school 缺席 ‎ recommend sb as… 推荐某人为/当…‎ recommend sb for… 推荐某人获…奖 agree with sb 同意某人的看法、意见； 适应（食物、气候）‎ find it difficult to work with him find it +adj.+to do sth 发现做某事….‎ be formed by both nature and the environment天生和后天环境形成的 be passed onto you by your parents有你的父母遗传给你 liveliness and impatience活泼和急躁 二、 方法总结 ‎1. 如何理解句子：Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant.？‎ 翻译为：我和我父母都不认为我能成为一名优秀的会计。Neither...nor翻译为既不...也不...；两者都不。make 除了有“制造”，“做”，还有“成为”的意思。‎ ‎2. 如何理解句子：It's terrible for me to work without speaking all day long.‎ 翻译为：对我来说,整天工作不说话太可怕了。Without翻译为“没有”，“不”，后接ing, It is +adj.+for sb+to do sth为固定句型，翻译为：对某人来说做某事是...的。‎ 3. 如何理解句子：All of us know that it's necessary to pay attention to every detail.‎ 翻译为：我们所有人都知道注意每个细节的必要性。pay attention to为“注意...”，know后接一个宾语从句。‎ 三、 技巧提炼 正确理解英文文章有哪些技巧？‎ 而要做到正确理解原文，就需要有扎实的英语语言基础，特别是英语句型结构知识和正确分析英语句子结构的能力。‎ 课后作业 作业1：整理错题 作业2：单项选择 ‎1. The railway station used to be ________ large ________ modern.‎ A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also ‎2.He ran ________ quickly ________ we couldn't catch up with him.‎ A. so; but B. such; that C. so; that D. such; and ‎3.The man is old. He works like a young man, ________.‎ A. but B. however C. still D. yet ‎4.Listen carefully, ________you'll miss the important points.‎ A. and B. or C. but D. so ‎5.I found a little boy running after me, ________ I stop ped.‎ A. because B. so C. when D. and ‎6.Man could not fly ________ the Wright brothers built the first plane.‎ A. before B. after C. because D. in order that ‎7.I asked him ________ he hadn't passed the driving test.‎ A. for B. if C. that D. why ‎8.I wonder ________ they managed to do the job in such a short time.‎ A. when B. how long C. how D. what ‎9.I would like to go swimming, ________ he won't.‎ A. and B. for C. but D. nor ‎10. ________ you understand this rule, you won't have any trouble in doing these exercises.‎ A. While B. Because C. Until D. Whether 答案：1-5 BCBBB 6-10 ADCCC 作业3：完形填空 ‎ Colours have an effect on our moods. It has been found that colours like red, yellow and orange 　1　 us while colours like blue, purple and green calm us. This relationship between colours and moods is not 　2　 recently. Long long ago, Indian brides (新娘) were dressed in red as it represents 　3　 and passion(激情). Now let us discuss the effect of each colour on our moods 　4　. ‎ ‎ Blue is a calm colour and it makes us feel relaxed. It can also make 　5　 in factories work hard but too much of it can make us feel 　6　.‎ ‎ Black represents power and 　7　. Thus, it makes you feel superior (有优越感的). It is generally 　8　 by people who is not outgoing as it is a 　9　 colour.‎ ‎ Green makes us feel 　10　, energetic and positive. It is relaxing 　11　 said to improve vision (视力).‎ ‎ Red represents strength, excitement and passion. While 　12　 amount of red can help to make us feel energetic, 　13　 of it can make us feel bored.‎ ‎ White represents 　14　 and peace. So wearing white makes us feel calmer.‎ ‎ As colours have an effect on your moods, you need to choose those colours which would help you 　15 　 the tasks you are doing and you will get to see the difference.‎ ‎( )1. A. bore B. excite C. interest D. tire ‎ ‎( )2. A. looked B. watched C. discovered D. ordered ‎( )3. A. sadness B. wisdom C. love D. growth ‎ ‎( )4. A. in danger B. in public C. in fact D. in detail ‎( )5. A. farmers B. scientists C. workers D. teachers ‎ ‎( )6. A. sad B. happy C. active D. creative ‎ ‎( )7. A. strength B. protection C. warmth D. energy ‎ ‎( )8. A. refused B. preferred C. hated D. borrowed ‎ ‎( )9. A. protecting B. bright C. calm D. satisfying ‎ ‎( )10. A. proud B. peaceful C. sleepy D. warm ‎ ‎( )11. A. but B. or C. so D. and ‎( )12. A. much B. some C. lots of D. few ‎ ‎( )13. A. much too B. too much C. too little D. many too ‎ ‎( )14. A. joy B. success C. purity D. stress ‎ ‎( )15. A. with B. on C. at D. to ‎ 答案： BCCDC ABBAB DBBCA ‎ 作业4：阅读理解 A What do you think of black cats? Are they unluckier than cats of other colors? Many people in Western countries think so. Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), did a study on cat colours and people’s understandings of cat personalities. ‎ The study found that people do judge(判断) cat personalities by color. Scientists did a survey on the Internet. There were 49 statements (描述) matching five cat colorings with 10 personalities. People think orange and bi-coloured (双色的) cats are friendly, tri-coloured (三色的) cats are not generous, and white cats are calm, lazy and shy. As for black cats, people think they don’t have special personalities. ‎ But why do so many people dislike keeping black cats as pets? People think black cats have less special personalities, which might be because of their bad reputation (口碑). They think black cats may bring bad luck, especially at Halloween. Movies and television shows also make people believe that.‎ Although people have these ideas, UC Berkeley scientists give another reason: people don’t think black cats are pretty enough. After all, nothing can show black cats are unluckier than other cats. “You can’t judge a cat by its colour, because it’s the personality of the cat, not the colour, that will let you know if the cat is right for you,” Cathy Marden, a scientist said.‎ ‎( )1. Many people in Western countries may think black cats are 　　　.‎ ‎ A. lovely animals B. a sign of bad luck ‎ ‎ C. a sign of good luck D. unfriendly animals ‎( )2. The main idea of paragraph 2 is that 　　　.‎ ‎ A. people often complain about black cats on the Internet ‎ B. people think cats of different colours have different personalities ‎ ‎ C. black cats are less popular than other cats ‎ D. the study is a great success ‎( )3. According to the study, people think that 　　　.‎ ‎ A. black cats have special personalities ‎ B. orange and bi-coloured cats are generous ‎ C. cats with three colours are friendly ‎ D. white cats are calm, lazy and shy ‎( )4. People don’t like black cats for the following reasons EXCEPT 　　　.‎ ‎ A. black cats often appear in TV shows ‎ B. black cats bring bad luck to people ‎ C. black cats have bad reputations ‎ D. they don’t think black cats are beautiful ‎( )5. The passage mainly talks about 　　　.‎ ‎ A. why black cats are popular in movies ‎ B. why people are not willing to keep black cats as pets ‎ C. different colour cats have different personalities ‎ D. different people have different ideas on black cats ‎ B The size and shape（外形）of your ears show your character（性格）more than any other part of the face. Other parts of the face change shapes as we get older, but ears do not change their shapes. They only change in size.‎ Reading people’s character from their ears is a very old science. In the past people thought that a person’s ears with colour was dangerous. They also thought that the shape of the ears showed if a person was musical or not. Today, too many people believe that the size and shape of the ears help you know if a person is musical.‎ Ears are all different, and each different thing has a meaning. Next time you look at a person, see if his or her ears are large, medium-size, or small. Look at the lobes（耳垂). Do they stick to the face? Ears that are always red mean that a person may get angry easily. Ears that are always cold and nearly white colour mean that a person has a nervous（神经质）character.‎ ‎1. When a baby is born, . ‎ A.his / her ears are red B.his / her ears will not change all the life C.his / her ears will not change in shape D.he / she will get large ears ‎2. Reading people’s character from their ears is .‎ A.only for music B.an old idea C.very new D.a good way to talk with others ‎3. When one’s ears are red, it means .‎ A.he is a kind man B.he is very happy C.he may get angry easily D.he drinks too much ‎ ‎4.If you look at someone’s ears, the right way is .‎ A.to look at his face,ears and nose B.to look at the size,colour,and shape ‎ ‎ C.to look at his mouth,eyes and nose D.to look at the hair,eyes and colour ‎5. Which may be the best title of the article?‎ A.Looking at a person in the right way. B.Ears and colours.‎ C.The change of ears. D.Ears and characters.‎ Keys：‎ 答案： 1-5 BBDAB 6-10 CBCBD