2020-2021学年中考英语语法专项讲解训练：形容词和副词 17页

2020-2021 学年中考英语语法专项讲解训练：形容词和副词 ①只有形容词、副词才有比较等级 ②比较级词尾+er，最高级+est (more beautiful) ③比较级适用于两者之间，最高级适用于三者及三者以上 1、形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音 节词 和少 数双 音节 词 一般在词尾加-er 或-est long tall longer taller longest tallest 以字母-e 结尾的词，加-r 或-st large nice larger nicer largest nicest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变 y 为 i，再加-er 或-est busy heavy funny early busier heavier funnier earlier busiest heaviest funniest earliest 重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母 结尾时，先双写辅音字母，再加 -er 或-est big hot fat bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest 不规则比较等级 2、形容词、副词的原级比较 多音 节和 部分 双音 节词 在原级前加 more 或 most useful beautiful quickly slowly more useful more beautiful more quickly more slowly most useful most beautiful most quickly most slowly 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst little less least many/much more most far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 1）基本用法：两者就同一事物进行比较 2）句型结构 肯定句：as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 表示：与.......一样 Eg:She is as tall as her sister.她和她姐姐一样高。 否定句：not so/as+ 形容词或副词原级 as。表示：......不如...... Eg:He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。 3、形容词比较级的基本用法及常用句型结构： 1）用法：两个人或事物的比较 2）标志词：than 3）比较级常用的句型结构： 考点一：“A+比较级+than+B”意为“A 比 B...... Jim is higher than Tom.吉姆比汤姆高。 注意：可修饰比较级的词 1．形容词比较级前可加 much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly 之类表示程度的状语： 考点二：“比较级+and+比较级”，意为：“越来越....... He become better and better.他变得越来越好了。 【注：多音节词的形容词和副词表示这个含义时要用：more and more+形容词或副词】 考点三：The +比较级…the +比较级… 越……就越…… 例如：The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make.越努力，进步越大。 考点四 “the +比较级 + of the two” 表示“两者中较......的那个人或物” Nancy is the taller of the two girls. 南希是两个女孩儿中较高的。 考点五：否定+比较级，相当于最高级 例如： I couldn’t agree more. 我非常同意。 4、形容词、副词最高级用法 1）基本用法：三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较 2）标志词：A.in+其他 B.of+其他 考点一：主语+the + 最高级 + in/of 短语，意为“....是......中最......的” 例如：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 考点二：主语+be+one of the +最高级+复数名词，意为“.......是.....中最......之一” Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。 1.Sometimes it often rains _____ in my hometown in summer. A.heavy B.hardly C.heavily D.strongly 参考答案：C 2.－What do you think of the woman singer? －Her voice sounds _____. I like her songs. A.sweet B.sweetly C.bad D.badly 参考答案：A 3.Let’s open the windows to have some _____ air here. A. cheap B. nervous C. careful D. fresh 参考答案：D 4.I _____ ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school. A. never B. hardly C. seldom D. usually 参考答案：D 5.Meimei thinks maths is _____ than Chinese. A. easy B. easier C. the easiest D. very easy 参考答案：B 6.－Why do people there _____ use umbrella in the sun? －Because they would rather enjoy the sunshine. A. hardly B. often C. always 参考答案：A 7.I lost my ticket, but _____ the travel agent gave me another one. A. actually B. firstly C. luckily D. exactly 参考答案：C 8.－The scarves are all beautiful. I can’t decide which one to choose. －Oh, look at this red one. I think it’s _____. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C.the most beautiful D. less beautiful 参考答案：C 9.In North America, _____ meat eaters are bears and mountain lions. They eat smaller animals such as rabbits and mice. A. smallest B. the smallest C. largest D. the largest 参考答案：D 10.My time in the middle school was one of _____ periods of my life. A.exciting B.more exciting C.the more exciting D.the most exciting 参考答案：D 11.The boy looked _____ because he didn’t pass his maths exam. A.sad B.sadness C.saddest D.sadly 参考答案：A 12.Emma looked after her pet dog _____ of all her friends. A.careful B.most careful C.more carefully D.the most carefully 参考答案：D 13.If overweight people eat less and take more exercise, they’ll soon feel much _____. A.fatter B.older C.bigger D.healthier 参考答案：D 14.We will have to set off _____ to avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning. A.early B.quietly C.slowly D.politely 参考答案：A 15.Now, people have more free time. Square Dancing is becoming more and more _____. A.comfortable B.difficult C.different D.popular 参考答案：D 16.This kind of T-shirt looks _____ and sells _____ in the market. A.nice; good B.well; well C.nice; well D.good; nice 参考答案：C 17.There will be _____ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway. A.fewer B.less C.more 参考答案：A 18.－How are you getting along with your English study? －Much better. I don’t feel it was as _____ as before. A.interesting B.much C.difficult D.easy 参考答案：C 19.Why did she get so mad? It was only a _____ joke. A. hopeless B. hopeful C. harmless D. harmful 参考答案：C 20.－Have some ice cream, please. －Mm, it tastes _____. A.good B.better C.well 参考答案：A 21.A person who is _____ does not tell lies or cheat people. A. careless B. stupid C. honest D. humorous 参考答案：C 22.I fell off the bike on my way to school. _____, I wasn’t hurt. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Politely D. Recently 参考答案：A 23.—The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. —What?! I've never heard of _____ idea before. A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest 参考答案：A 24.Staying with families and friends is one of _____ things in the world. A.the happiest B.happier C.the happy D.happiest 参考答案：A 25.The story is really _____. It makes all of us laugh a lot. A.correct B.boring C.humorous D.direct 参考答案：C 26.－How’s is your old friend Katie? －Oh, she’s moved to another city, so I’ve _____ ever seen her since then. A.clearly B.simply C.nearly D.hardly 参考答案：D 27.The prices of the houses at the moment are still very _____. A.high B.expensive C.higher D.more expensive 参考答案：A 28.－I’m a little _____ now. －Oh, it’s lunch time. Let’s go to the nearest restaurant to get something to eat. A.thirsty B.worried C.hungry D.bored 参考答案：C 29.Mum, you’ve got so _____ housework to do. Let me help you. A.many B.much C.little 参考答案：B 30.－Tom, don’t throw the rubbish on the floor. We should keep the classroom _____. －Oh, sorry, Miss Wang. A.clean B.quiet C.dirty 参考答案：A 31.－It’s cold today. I can’t stand it. I hope tomorrow won’t be so _____. －I can’t, either. But the radio says it will be even _____ tomorrow. A.cold, cold B.cold, colder C.colder, colder D.colder, coldest 参考答案：B 32.Li Na is one of _____ tennis players in the world. A.most famous B.the most famous C.more famous 参考答案：B 33.The movie Lost in Thailand is _____ one that I’ve ever seen these years. A.funny B.the funniest C.funnier 参考答案：B 34.He has _____ arms now and is able to pick the table up with one hand. A.weakest B.weaker C.strongest D.stronger 参考答案：D 35.Ma Yun, head of Alibaba, is one of _____ persons in the world A.rich B.richer C.richest D.the richest 参考答案：D 36.I could _____ hear what you said just now. Could you please say that again? A.sometimes B.always C.hardly D.clearly 参考答案：C