中考英语总复习提分特训语法专项训练一名词和冠词 11页

语法专项训练一　名词和冠词 名词 一、单项填空 ‎1.Tom’s sweater is the same as his　　　. ‎ A.brother　　　　　　　　B.brothers C.brother’s D.a brother’s 答案:C 解析:比较等级中,比较的需是同类事物。本句是把汤姆的毛衣和他哥哥的毛衣相比较,因此用名词的所有格。 ‎ ‎2.He bought　　　. ‎ A.two pairs of shoes B.two pair of shoes C.two pairs of shoe D.two pair of shoe 答案:A 解析:pair是名词,前有数词two,因此用复数形式pairs。two pairs of shoes意为“两双鞋”。‎ ‎3.—Where is your seat?‎ ‎—It’s between 　　　seats,in Row 6. ‎ A.Jack and John B.Jack’s and John C.Jack’s and John’s D.Jack and John’s 答案:C 解析:由空格前的between可知,座位在杰克的座位和约翰的座位之间。两个单词的词尾都加-’s。故选C项。‎ ‎4.He was born in Shanxi,but Shandong has become his second　　　. ‎ A.home B.family C.house D.place 答案:A 解析:home意为“家”,强调地方,且带有感情色彩;family意为“家庭”,强调家人;house意为“房子”;place意为“地方”。句意:他出生在陕西,但是山东已经成为他的第二故乡。‎ ‎5.Mum,I’m quite thirsty.Please give me　　　. ‎ A.two orange B.two bottle of oranges C.two bottles of orange D.two bottles of oranges 答案:C 解析:bottle是可数名词,前有two时,词尾需加“-s”,two bottles of orange意为“两瓶橙汁”。orange做“橙汁”讲时,为不可数名词。故选C项。‎ ‎6.All the 　　　teachers and　　　 students are having a meeting there. ‎ A.women;girls B.women;girl C.woman;girls D.woman;girl 答案:B 解析:woman修饰名词复数做定语时,应用复数形式;girl修饰名词复数做定语时,应用单数形式。句意:所有的女老师和女学生正在那里开会。‎ ‎7.Could you please tell me some　　　 about Xi’an International Horticultural Expo(世界园艺博览会)? ‎ A.information B.advice C.opinions D.ideas 答案:A 解析:‎ information意为“信息;资枓”,为不可数名词;advice意为“建议”,为不可数名词;opinion意为“观点”,为可数名词;idea意为“主意;想法”,为可数名词。some information意为“一些信息”。句意:你能告诉我一些关于西安世博会的信息吗?‎ ‎8.They don’t have to do　　　 today. ‎ A.much homework B.many homeworks C.many homework D.much homeworks 答案:A 解析:homework是不可数名词,词尾不加“-s”,且不能用many修饰,故选A项。‎ ‎9.Tom is a friend of　　　.He will come to see me. ‎ A.me B.I C.my D.mine 答案:D 解析:双重所有格中,of后需是名词性物主代词或带-’s或-s’的单词。a friend of mine意为“我的一个朋友”。‎ ‎10.The watch was given by 　　　for her birthday. ‎ A.one of my sister’s friend B.my sister friend’s C.my sister friend D.a friend of my sister’s 答案:D 解析:解析:参考第9题。‎ ‎11.The　　　 of most trees will fall in autumn. ‎ A.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D.leave 答案:C 解析:leaf为可数名词,复数形式为leaves。‎ ‎12.The little　　　 has two　　　 already. ‎ A.baby;teeth B.baby;tooth C.babies;tooth D.babies;teeth 答案:A 解析:由has可知主语为单数,故排除C、D两项;tooth为可数名词,复数形式为teeth。故选A项。‎ ‎13.—Did you hear any strange　　　 when the earthquake happened? ‎ ‎—No,I was in my garden enjoying the beautiful　　　 of my birds at that time. ‎ A.voice;noise B.noise;sound C.voice;sound D.sound;voice 答案:D 解析:sound做“声音,响声”讲时,使用范围较大,可指人或动物发出的声音,也可指物体碰撞的声音;voice一般指人的声音,如说话、唱歌等,也可指鸟鸣声;noise意为“噪音,喧闹声”,常指不悦耳,不和谐的嘈杂声。分析题目可知,应选D项。‎ ‎14.Professor Wang gave us a very useful 　　　on how to prepare for the exam. ‎ A.advice B.information C.experience D.suggestion 答案:D 解析:advice和information是不可数名词,前不能用不定冠词修饰;experience做“经历”讲时为可数名词,做“经验”讲时为不可数名词;suggestion“建议”,是可数名词,前可用不定冠词修饰。由句意“王教授给了我们一条关于如何为考试做准备的有用的建议”可知选D项。‎ ‎15.There is little 　　　in the fridge.Let’s go to the market to buy some. ‎ A.eggs B.vegetables C.juice D.snacks 答案:C 解析:由空格前的little可知,空格处需填不可数名词。故选C项。‎ ‎16.It is better to travel 10,000 miles than to read 10,000 books,so it’s important to have real 　　　with languages,cultures and societies. ‎ A.communication B.experience C.knowledge D.influence 答案:B 解析:communication“交流”;experience“经验”;knowledge“知识”;influence“影响”。由句意“行万里路胜于读万卷书,因此拥有在语言,文化和社会上的真正经验是很重要的。”可知选B项。‎ ‎17.—Oh,no!We have missed the train.What should we do?‎ ‎—I’m afraid we have no　　　 but to wait for another one. ‎ A.decision B.information C.reason D.choice 答案:D 解析:decision“决定”;information“信息”;reason“原因”;choice“选择”。由上文句意“我们错过了火车”可推测下文句意为“恐怕除了等待别无选择”。故选D项。‎ ‎18.The principal Mr.Black has made a great 　　　to the growth of the school. ‎ A.contribution B.progress C.invention D.protection 答案:A 解析:contribution“贡献”;progress“进步”;invention“发明”;protection“保护”。由句意“校长布莱克先生为学校的发展做出了很大的贡献”可知选A项。‎ ‎19.—Dad,I’ve got full marks in English Listening and Speaking Test.‎ ‎—Great.And I’m sure you will do better because this is a good 　　　. ‎ A.report B.way C.start D.skill 答案:C 解析:report“报道”;way“方法”;start“开始”;skill“技能”。由上文句意“我在英语听说测试中得了满分”可推测下文句意为“我确信你将做得更好,因为这是一个好的开端”。故选C项。‎ ‎20.The two cities have reached an　　　 to develop science and technology. ‎ A.education B.excitement C.invention D.agreement 答案:D 解析:education“教育”;excitement“兴奋”;invention“发明”;agreement“同意”。reach an agreement意为“达成一致意见”。句意:这两个城市为了发展科学技术达成了一致意见。‎ ‎21.—You look worried.What’s your 　　　? ‎ ‎—I have trouble learning English.‎ A.name B.question C.problem D.job 答案:C 解析:由下文句意“我学英语有困难”可推测上文句意“你看起来很担忧,你怎么了?”,故选C项。‎ ‎22.We should learn from our 　　　so that we won’t repeat them. ‎ A.experiences B.experiments C.mistakes D.opportunities 答案:C 解析:‎ experience“经历”;experiment“实验”;mistake“错误”;opportunity“机会”。句意:我们应该从错误中学习,如此才能不重犯(错误)。故选C项。‎ ‎23.Carol,there was a phone call for you.It was a girl’s　　　. ‎ A.sound B.answer C.voice D.noise 答案:C 解析:voice指人的嗓音或鸟鸣声。‎ ‎24.I once worked for a travel magazine for one year and the 　　　helped me get a job as a reporter. ‎ A.experience B.information C.pollution D.instruction 答案:A 解析:experience“经历”;information“信息”;pollution“污染”;instruction“教导,指示”;由句意“我曾在一家旅游杂志社工作了一年,这个经历帮我得到了一份当记者的工作”可知选A项。‎ ‎25.—What should I buy here?‎ ‎—If you have friends who smoke,Winston is a well-known 　　　of cigarette here. ‎ A.sign B.type C.brand D.example 答案:C 解析:sign“标志”;type“类型”;brand“品牌”;example“例子”。由句意“如果你有抽烟的朋友,在这儿云斯顿是出名的香烟品牌”可知选C项。‎ ‎26.—Where are the 　　　?I want to drink water. ‎ ‎—On the table that is made of 　　　. ‎ A.glass;glasses B.glasses;glasses C.glass;glass D.glasses;glass 答案:D 解析:由下文句意“我想喝水”可推测,是在询问“玻璃杯”所在的地方。glass做“玻璃杯”讲时为可数名词,由be动词are可知第一空应填glasses;glass做“玻璃”讲时为不可数名词,答句为“在那张玻璃桌上”。故选D项。‎ ‎27.These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the　　　 immediately. ‎ A.amusement B.environment C.development D.government 答案:B 解析:amusement“娱乐”;environment“环境”;development“发展”;government“政府”。由句意“这些自然灾害警告我们每个人都应该马上开始保护环境”可知选B项。‎ ‎28.—Danny,your 　　　are so beautiful.Where did you buy them? ‎ ‎—Thanks.I bought them in Wuhan.‎ A.handbag B.cap C.sweater D.gloves 答案:D 解析:由问句中的“are”和“them”可知,空格处的名词需用复数形式。故选D项。‎ ‎29.—What kind of noodles would you like?‎ ‎—　　　. ‎ A.Mutton and tomatoes noodles B.Mutton and tomato noodles C.Muttons and tomatoes noodles D.Muttons and tomato noodles 答案:B 解析:句意:——你想要什么种类的面条?——羊肉和西红柿面条。名词做定语一般用单数形式,故选B项。‎ ‎30.When the Greens moved into the 　　　last week,everything was at sixes and sevens,so they did a big cleaning. ‎ A.family B.home C.house D.room 答案:C 解析:house指“房子”,强调建筑物,由下文句意“一切都乱七八糟的”可推测“格林一家人上周搬家了”。故选C项。‎ ‎31.Please keep quiet.If you make a lot of 　　　,you may disturb others. ‎ A.voice B.noise C.sound D.singing 答案:B 解析:A、B、C 三个选项都和声音有关,根据后句句意“如果你制造许多噪音,就会打扰别人”可知应选B项。‎ ‎32.—Could you please take a(n) 　　　for the headteacher? ‎ ‎—Sure,I’ll be glad to.‎ A.information B.message C.news D.sentence 答案:B 解析:message指口头传递的或书写的“消息”;问句句意为“请你给班主任捎个口信好吗?”‎ 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.They successfully saved two　　　　　　　(child)lives. ‎ 答案:children’s ‎2.You should know the　　　　　　　　(different) between the two books. ‎ 答案:differences ‎3.We saw some　　　　　(mouse)in the dirty old house. ‎ 答案:mice ‎4.Tony took a lot of　　　　　　(photo)in the zoo yesterday. ‎ 答案:photos ‎5.Two and a half　　　　　　(month)has passed since the new term began. ‎ 答案:months ‎6.Don’t be afraid of making 　　　　　　　(mistake).They help you learn. ‎ 答案:mistakes ‎7.There are six 　　　　　　　(Frenchman) talking loudly in the room. ‎ 答案:Frenchmen ‎8.Every year a lot of 　　　　　　　(tour) go to Beijing to see the Great Wall. ‎ 答案:tourists ‎9.A number of 　　　　　　　　(foreign) are becoming more interested in Chinese culture. ‎ 答案:foreigners ‎10.The old man was looking through the list of the　　　　　　　　(soldier) names in order to remember the old days. ‎ 答案:soldiers’‎ ‎11.We should learn from 　　　　　　　(hero). ‎ 答案:heroes ‎12.　　　　　(leaf)turn green in spring. ‎ 答案:Leaves ‎13.Would you like some 　　　　　(milk)? ‎ 答案:milk ‎14.　　　　　　　(teacher)Day is on September 10th. ‎ 答案:Teachers’‎ ‎15.I think Jackie Chan is one of the most popular 　　　　　　(actor).I like him very much. ‎ 答案:actors ‎16.All the 　　　　　　(woman)teachers are happy on March 8th. ‎ 答案:women ‎17.There are several 　　　　　　　(library)in the city. ‎ 答案:libraries ‎18.Those 　　　　　　　(policeman)are looking for the lost kids. ‎ 答案:policemen 冠词 一、单项填空 ‎1.　　　tall man over there is our　　　 English teacher. ‎ A.A;the　　　　　　　　B.The;an C.A;an D.The;/‎ 答案:D 解析:句意:那边的高个子男人是我们的英语老师。第一空为特指,用the;第二空前有形容词性物主代词,不能用冠词。故选D项。‎ ‎2.—Do you know David?‎ ‎—Yes.He is　　　 university student.He likes sports and runs for　　　 hour every morning. ‎ A.a;a B.a;an C.an;an D.an;a 答案:B 解析:university以辅音音素开头,前用a;hour以元音音素开头,前用an。‎ ‎3.There’s　　　 “h” in the word “hour”. ‎ A.a B.the C.an D./‎ 答案:C 解析:h以元音音素开头,前用an。‎ ‎4.Mike is 　　　American boy.He studies in　　　 university. ‎ A.the;a B.a;a C.an;a D.an;an 答案:C 解析:American以元音音素开头,前用冠词an;university以辅音音素开头,前用a。故选C项。‎ ‎5.　　　Blacks are on　　　 visit to the Great Wall. ‎ A./;a B.A;the C.The;a D.The;/‎ 答案:C 解析:“the+姓的复数”表示“一家人”;on a visit是固定搭配,意为“在访问中”。‎ ‎6.Many people think Guo Jingming is one of 　　　greatest writers in China. ‎ A.a B.an C.the D./‎ 答案:C 解析:“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的其中之一”。‎ ‎7.She just had a cup of milk for　　　 breakfast. ‎ A.a B.an C.the D./‎ 答案:D 解析:三餐前不用冠词。故选D项。‎ ‎8.—Jim,shall we go and play 　　　football in the park? ‎ ‎—I don’t think that’s a good idea.‎ A.a B.the C./ D.an 答案:C 解析:球类运动前不用冠词。‎ ‎9.Minnie had 　　　bad cold.She had to stay in　　　 bed. ‎ A.a;a B.a;the C./;the D.a;/‎ 答案:D 解析:have a bad cold意为“患重感冒”;in bed意为“卧病在床”。‎ ‎10.Gina comes from 　　　Untied States.She works on 　　　twelfth floor of this building. ‎ A.the;the B.the;/‎ C./;the D./;/‎ 答案:A 解析:the United States是专有名词;序数词前一般加冠词the。故选A项。‎ ‎11.Jack plays 　　　piano after 　　　supper every day. ‎ A.the;the B.the;a C.the;/ D./;/‎ 答案:C 解析:乐器前一般加定冠词;而三餐前一般不用冠词。故选C项。‎ ‎12.—Lucy is coming by 　　　plane tomorrow. ‎ ‎—Let’s go to 　　　airport to meet her. ‎ A.a;an B./;an C.the;the D./;the 答案:D 解析:by+交通工具,意为“乘……”;go to the airport意为“去机场”。故选D项。‎ ‎13.In order to find 　　　better job,my sister decided to study 　　　second foreign language. ‎ A.the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;the 答案:B 解析:句意:为了找到一个更好的工作,我姐姐决定再学习一门外语。“不定冠词+序数词”表示“再一;另一”。‎ ‎14.Last month I traveled across the Sahara Desert by 　　　camel with some locals.What 　　　amazing experience! ‎ A.the;an B.a;/‎ C./;the D./;an 答案:D 解析:by+交通工具,意为“乘……”,by camel意为“骑骆驼”;amazing是元音音素开头,前用冠词an。故选D项。‎ ‎15.—What do you want to be in the future,Amy?‎ ‎—I want to be 　　　spacewoman like Liu Yang.It is　　　 exciting job. ‎ A.a;a B.a;an C.the;an D.a;the 答案:B 解析:句意:我想成为一名像刘洋一样的宇航员。这真是一份刺激的职业。spacewoman以辅音音素开头,前用冠词a;exciting以元音音素开头,前用冠词an。‎ ‎16.—What do you think of　　　 performance you saw last night? ‎ ‎—Well.I’ve never seen　　　 better one.It’s worth　　　 again. ‎ A.a;a;seeing B.the;the;to see C.the;a;seeing D.a;the;to see 答案:C 解析:句意:——你认为上星期你看的表演怎么样?——好极了。我从没看到过比这更好的。值得再看一次。第一空特指;a better one 泛指 “更好的一个”;be worth doing sth.是固定用法,“值得做某事”。‎ ‎17.—You’ve dropped 　　　“s” in the word “dessert”. ‎ ‎—Oh,　　　 letter “s” is doubled. ‎ A.a;a B.a;the C.an;the D.the;the 答案:C 解析:字母s的发音以元音音素开头,前用冠词an;第二空为特指,用the。‎ ‎18.—Do you know 　　　girl in a red skirt there? ‎ ‎—I only know she’s from 　　　university. ‎ A.a;an B.the;an C.the;a D.a;the 答案:C 解析:第一空是特指,用the,指穿红裙子的女孩;第二空后的university以辅音音素开头,前用冠词a。故选C项。‎ ‎19.—Did you get there by 　　　bike? ‎ ‎—No,I took 　　　taxi. ‎ A.a;a B./;a C.the;the D.a;the 答案:B 解析:by+交通工具,意为“乘……”;take a/the taxi“乘出租车”。‎ ‎20.　　　theme park near Zhengzhou is kind of small,but it’s 　　　interesting one. ‎ A.The;the B./;a C.The;an D.An;the 答案:C 解析:第一空表特指;第二空表示数量,且interesting是元音音素开头,前用an。故选C项。‎ ‎21.My mom has 　　　big cat,but I don’t like it. ‎ A.a B.an C.the D./‎ 答案:A 解析:空格处单词指数量,故选A项。‎ ‎22. Advice to Clever Children is such 　　　useful book that I want to read it 　　　second time. ‎ A.a;the B.a;a C.an;the D.an;a 答案:B 解析:useful以元音音素开头,前用a;第二空为 a/an+序数词,表示“又一,再一”。‎ ‎23.It is 　　　surprise that 　　　missing plane hasn’t been found until now. ‎ A.a;a B.the;/‎ C.the;a D.a;the 答案:D 解析:surprise做名词时,前用a,表示“一件惊奇的事”;第二空为特指,指失联的那驾飞机。 ‎ ‎24.—Is 　　　red bag under the table yours,Jane? ‎ ‎—No,I only have 　　　yellow bag.Maybe it’s Julia’s. ‎ A.a;the B.the;a C.a;a D.the;the 答案:B 解析:第一空表特指,指红色的包;第二空指数量。句意:——简,桌子下的红色的包是你的吗?——不,我只有一个黄色的包。它可能是朱莉娅的。‎ ‎25.Lu Jialei,14,from　　　 Hangzhou Foreign Language School,won　　　 first place in the CCTV Chinese Character Spelling Contest(中国汉字听写大会). ‎ A./;the B.a;the C.a;a D.the;the 答案:A 解析:Hangzhou Foreign Language School是专有名词,且Hangzhou是“杭州”的汉语拼音,前不用冠词;序数词前需加冠词the。故选A项。 ‎ ‎26.—Mum,why can’t I have 　　　new bike? ‎ ‎—Dear,you know,　　　 money doesn’t grow on trees. ‎ A.a;the B./;the C.the;the D.a;/‎ 答案:D 解析:第一空指泛指,句意为“为什么我不能有一辆新自行车呢?”;第二句意为“钱不是长在树上的。”此处money指“金钱”,是物质名词,前不能用冠词。‎ ‎27.Tom is 　　　honest boy.He never tells a lie. ‎ A.a B./‎ C.the D.an 答案:D 解析:honest以元音音素开头,前用冠词an。‎ ‎28.—Are you looking for another flat?‎ ‎—Yes.My mum said　　　old one was too small after my younger brother was born. ‎ A.a B.an C.the D./‎ 答案:C 解析:‎ 空格处表特指。句意:——你们正在寻找另一座公寓吗?——是的。我妈妈说,我弟弟出生后,那套旧的太小了。‎ ‎29.New York is one of 　　　biggest cities in the world,but it doesn’t have 　　　long history. ‎ A.a;the B.the;a C.a;a D.the;the 答案:B 解析:形容词的最高级前需加 the;a long history意为“一段悠久的历史”。‎ ‎30.—Look!Who’s 　　　old man over there? ‎ ‎—Oh,he’s my neighbor.He’s 　　　excellent doctor,though he’s 86 years old. ‎ A a;an B.the;an C.the;a D.a;a 答案:B 解析:第一空指特指;第二空后的excellent以元音音素开头,需填an。句意:——看!那边的老人是谁?——哦,他是我的邻居。他是一位出色的医生,虽然他86岁了。‎ ‎31.—What colour is this?‎ ‎—It’s 　　　orange.It’s 　　　orange shirt. ‎ A./;an B.an;/‎ C.an;an D.a;an 答案:A 解析:句意:——它是什么颜色的?——它是橙色的,这是一件橙色的衬衫。回答某物是什么颜色的时候,颜色前不用冠词;第二个空的不定冠词an修饰后面的名词shirt,an orange shirt “一件橙色的衬衫”。故选A项。‎ ‎32.There is no living thing on 　　　moon. ‎ A.a B.an C.the D./ ‎ 答案:C 解析:句意:月球上没有生物。在表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前加定冠词the。故选C项。‎ ‎33.—My son seldom has 　　　breakfast. ‎ ‎—It is 　　　unhealthy habit.You must ask him to change it. ‎ A./;an B.the;an　‎ C./;a D.the;a 答案:A 解析:句意:——我儿子很少吃早餐。——这是个不健康的习惯。你必须让他改过来。表示一日三餐的名词前不用任何冠词,排除B、D两项;habit是可数名词,且unhealthy 是以元音音素开头的单词,因此第二空用不定冠词an。故选A项。‎ 二、根据句意提示,用a,an,the或 / 填空 ‎1.I want to get　　　　　 useful information about my project. ‎ 答案:/‎ ‎2.—What　　　　　 bad weather! ‎ ‎—Yes.　　　　　weather makes me so sad. ‎ 答案:/;The ‎3.My mother bought me 　　　　　new bike.　　　　　bike cost her 200 yuan. ‎ 答案:a;The ‎4.Please give me 　　　　　cup of　　　　　 coffee with 　　　　　sugar. ‎ 答案:a;/;/‎ ‎5.Qingdao is　　　　　 attractive city.It’s such 　　　　　nice place that many tourists ‎ come here every year. ‎ 答案:an;a ‎6.Pass me　　　　　 apple on the table,please. ‎ 答案:the ‎7.She is always in 　　　　　hurry every day. ‎ 答案:a ‎8.We should take good care of 　　　　　old. ‎ 答案:the ‎9.I think it’s really　　　　　 hard work for me to finish it in a day. ‎ 答案:/‎ ‎10.I know 　　　　　girl in a red sweater. ‎ 答案:the ‎11.She can play 　　　　　piano,but she can’t play　　　　　 soccer. ‎ 答案:the;/‎ ‎12.Eric is 　　　　　first student to win the prize. ‎ 答案:the ‎13.This is 　　　　　useful book. ‎ 答案:a ‎14.Mary usually goes to school by 　　　　　bike,but this morning she took 　　　　　taxi to school. ‎ 答案:/;a/the ‎15.He has milk and bread for 　　　　　breakfast every day. ‎ 答案:/‎ ‎16.Jim likes playing 　　　　　chess with friends after school. ‎ 答案:/‎ ‎17.You can work it out in 　　　　　same way. ‎ 答案:the