中考英语补全对话的特点及考点归纳 4页

补全对话的特点及解题技巧 补全对话是考查交际会话能力的主要题型.它可考查课标和教材中出现的所有交际功能项目,如打电话,谈论天气,度假,看病,购物等。强调了语境的作用，加大了对语言运用能力的检测力度。内容上更加接近学生日常生活，在一段对话中留出若干空白，要求学生从所给的选项中选出恰当的句子或填写合适的单词，使补全后的对话完整、通顺、意义正确。它要求学生根据上下文的逻辑关系，在整体把握对话的基础上，去分析、判断与综合，初步考查学生口语运用的能力。有利于考察学生理解和应用英语知识的能力。复习和解题中要注意以下几点:‎ ‎1.通读对话全文，摸清对话发生的地点、时间，人物的身份，对话的内容。‎ ‎2.理清上下句的逻辑关系，使你填入的话和整篇对话文理通顺，融为一体。答题时,依据语言环境补全对话，逐句推敲。‎ ‎3.符合说英语国家人的习惯。答题时，语言要得体，表达要地道。要注意口语交际中的一些习惯用语，特别是汉语和英语表达方式的不同，要认真通读对话。‎ ‎4.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的句型，词组背熟。比如:看病,问路,邀请等常规用语。 ‎ ‎5.注意空白处的标点。是问号，就应填问句；是句号，就应填陈述句。‎ 知识清单 一. 社会交际：‎ 1. 问候 (1) A:Hello/Hi.B:Hello/Hi.‎ (2) A:Hello.How are you?‎ B:Fine,thank you.And (how are)you?‎ A:Very well,thank you.‎ (3) A:Good morning/afternoon/evening.‎ B: Good morning/afternoon/evening.‎ (4) A:Hi,Jim!‎ B:Hi,Li Lei.Nice to meet you again！‎ ‎(5) A:Hi,Sam!How are you today?‎ B:Oh,hello,Lin Tao.Fine,thanks.What about you?‎ (5) Please say hello to your parents.‎ Please give my best wishes to your parents.‎ 2. 介绍 ‎(1)自我介绍：‎ ①A:My name is Lin Yan.Glad to meet you.‎ ‎ B:Nice to meet you.My name is Li Lei.‎ ②A:Excuse me.What’s your name,please?‎ ‎ B:My name is Robert Thomas Brown.‎ ‎ A:May I call your Robert?‎ ‎ B:Certainly./Of course.‎ ‎(2)介绍他人：‎ ①A:This is Mr Huang.‎ ‎ B:How do you do?‎ ‎ C:My name is Lin Ping.How do you do?/Nice to meet you.‎ ②A:This is Mr.Huang.‎ ‎ B:Nice to meet you.‎ ‎ C:Glad to meet you.‎ 注意:在交际场合，介绍常常伴随着问候，可参见问候用语。‎ 3. 告别 ‎(1)告别前，客方表示要离开的常用语：‎ ①I am afraid I must be going now.‎ ②I am afraid I must go now.‎ ③I think it’s time for me to leave now.‎ ④I think it’s time for us to go now.‎ ‎(2)双方相互道别时的常用短语：‎ Goodbye! Bye-bye! Bye! See you later! See you!‎ 4. 感谢和应答 ‎(1)感谢某人：‎ ① Thank you./Thanks a lot./Thank you very much.‎ ② Thank you for you help.‎ ③ It’s very kind/nice of yoou.‎ ④ Thank you all the same.‎ ‎(2)回答感谢时的答语：‎ ① It’s a pleasure./With my pleasure.‎ ② That’s OK./That’s all right.‎ ③ You’re welcome.‎ ④ Not at all.‎ 5. 道歉 ‎(1)当要麻烦别人时：‎ Excuse me,please! I beg your pardon.‎ ‎(2)当做错某事时：‎ Sorry. I’m sorry for… I’m sorrry that…‎ ‎(3)回答道歉时的答语：‎ ① Never mind. ‎ ② That’s OK./That’s all right.‎ ③ It’s nothing.‎ ④ It doesn’t matter.‎ 6. 邀请和应答 ‎(1)表示邀请的用语：‎ ① Will you come to my party?‎ ② Would you like to go for a walk?‎ ③ May I invite you to dinner?‎ ④ How/What about going for a walk?‎ ‎(2)接受邀请时的答语：‎ ① Yes,I’d love/ike to.‎ ② Yes.It’s very kind of you.‎ ③ That would be nice.‎ ‎(3)拒绝邀请时的答语：‎ No,thank you. I’d love/like to,but…‎ 1. 请求和应答 ‎(1)表请求的用语：‎ May I …? Can/Could I…?‎ Would mind if I smoke here?‎ ‎(2)表肯定的答语：‎ Sure/Certainly. Yes,do please.‎ That’s all right. Of course,you can.‎ ‎(3)表否定时的答语：‎ I’m afraid not. I’m sorry,but you mustn’t/can’t.‎ You’d better not.‎ 2. 祝愿、祝贺和应答 ‎(1)祝贺用语：‎ Have a good day/time! Have a good journey/trip.‎ Good luck. Enjoy yourself! Best wishes to you!‎ Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Well done!‎ Happy birthday! Congratulations!‎ ‎(2)应答：‎ Thank you. You,too. The same to you.‎ 3. 提供帮助和应答 ‎(1)提供帮助：‎ Can I help you ? Would you like me to help you ?‎ What can I do for you ? Let me help you .‎ ‎(2)肯定回答：‎ Yes,please. Yes,thanks. Thank you for your help.‎ Thank you. That would be nice.‎ ‎(3)否定答语：‎ No,thanks/thank you.‎ That’s very nice of you,but I can’t manage it myself.‎ 4. 约会 ‎(1)约会前询问对方有无空闲时间：‎ Are you free this morning/afternoon/evening?‎ ‎(2)常用答语：‎ Yes,I’ll be free then.‎ No,I won’t be free then.But I will be free tomorrow.‎ ‎(3)提出约会时间、地点以征求对方意见的用语：‎ How about tomorrow morning?‎ Shall we meet at 3:00 at the school gate?‎ ‎(4)常用答语：‎ Yes,that’s all right. All right,see you then.‎ 5. 打电话 ‎(1)打电话人常用语：‎ Hello! May I speak to…?‎ Is that …speaking? (注意：不能用Are you…?或Who are you)‎ Can I leave a message ?‎ I’ll call back later/again.‎ I’ll ring/call him/her up again.‎ ‎(2)接电话人常用语：‎ Hello!This is Tom speaking. (注意：不能用I’m Tom)‎ Hello!Who is that？ Hold on,please!‎ Tom isn’t here right now. Sorry,but Tom is out.‎ Can I take a message for you ?‎ Sorry,I’m afraid you have the wrong number.‎ 6. 就餐 ‎(1)主人常用语：‎ What would you like to have ?‎ Would you like something to drinnk ?‎ Help youself to some chicken ?‎ Would you like some more rice ?‎ ‎(2)客人常用语：‎ Yes,I’d like a drink. I’d like rice and chhicken.‎ Just a little,please. Can I have some more soup?‎ It’s so delicious.Thank you.‎ No,thank you.I’ve had enough.‎ I’m full , thank you.‎ 7. 看病 ‎(1)医生诊断常用语：‎ What’s the matter? What’s wrong with you ?‎ Do you have a fever? How long have you felt like this?‎ It’s nothing serious. You’ll be all right/well soon.‎ Take this medicine three times a day.‎ ‎(2)病人叙述病情常用语：‎ I feel terrible/bad. I don’t feel well.‎ I’ve got a cold/cough/headache.‎ I’ve got a pain here.‎ There is something wrong with my eyes.‎ It hurts here. I can’t sleep well.‎ 8. 购物 ‎(1)售货员常用语：‎ Can/May I help you？ What can I do for you?‎ What color/size/kind do you like?‎ What about this one? Here’s your change.‎ ‎(2)顾客常用语：‎ I want/would like a pair of shoes.‎ How much is it/are they? May I try it on?‎ It’s too small/big. Sorry,it’s too expensive.‎ Do you have any other colors/sizes/kinds?‎ That’s fine. I’ll take it.‎ Just have a look. Well,I’ll think about it.‎ 1. 问路和应答 ‎(1)问路用语：‎ Excuse me,where is the nearest post office?‎ Excuse me,can you tell me the way to the shop?‎ Excuse me,how can I get to the nearest shop?‎ Excuse me,which bus goes to People’s Park?‎ ‎(2)应答：‎ It’s over there. It’s about 500 meters from here.‎ Go down the street until you see the tall building.‎ Turn right/left at the first crossing/corner.‎ You can take bus No.103.‎ You’d better take a taxi.‎ Sorry,I don’t know.I’m a stranger here.‎ 2. 谈论天气 ‎(1)询问天气情况：‎ What’s the weather like today?‎ How is the weather in Beijing?‎ ‎(2)陈述天气情况：‎ What a cold/hot day today!‎ It’s a nice/fine/beautiful day today.‎ It’s sunny/couldy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggy.‎ It’s getting cool/cold/warm/hot.‎ 3. 语言交际困难 Pardon?/I beg your pardon.‎ Sorry,I can’t follow you.‎ Could you speak again/more slowly?‎ I don’t know how to say that in English?‎ How do you spell it , please?‎ I’m sorry I only know a little English.‎ 4. 提醒注意 Don’t forget your raincoat. No smoking.‎ Remember to lock the door. Look out.‎ It’s dangerous. Be careful. Don’t touch.‎ 5. 劝告 You’d better go to see the doctor.‎ You should listen to and read English every day.‎ You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.‎ 6. 建议 Let’s go and have a look.‎ What/How about a picnic this Sunday?‎ Why don’t you/Why not go to a movie?‎ 一. 态度 1. 同意和不同意 ‎(1)表示赞同的常用语：‎ Certainly. Sure. Of course. Yes,please.‎ Yes,I think so. All right. OK.‎ That’s a good idea. I agree with you.‎ ‎(2)表示不同意的常用语：‎ No,I don’t think so. I’m afraid not.‎ I really can’t agree with you.‎ ‎(3)表示不完全赞同的常用语：‎ Yes,maybe. You may be right.‎ 2. 希望和愿望 I wish to see you again. I hope to become a doctor.‎ I hope it stays fine. I hope so. I hope not.‎ ‎3.表扬和鼓励 ‎(1)表扬和鼓励：‎ Very good! Well done! Wonderful! Excellent!‎ You speak English very well. You dress is beautiful.‎ Come on! You can do it!‎ ‎(2)应答：‎ Thank you. OK,I’ll try it again.‎ 二. 情感 1. 高兴 How wonderful/nice! I’m happy.‎ I’m pleased to know that.‎ 2. 惊奇 Really? Oh,dear! Is that so? What a surprise!‎ How nice to see you! I’m surprised.‎ 3. 忧虑 What’s wrong? What’s the matter? Anything wrong?‎ What should we do? Are you worried about them?‎ 4. 安慰 Don’t be afraid. Don’t worry. It’ll be all right/OK.‎ 5. 满意 Good! Well done! Perfect! That’s fine.‎ That’s better. That’s good enough.‎ I’m pleased with your spoken English.‎ 6. 遗憾 I’m so sorry. It’s a great pity.‎ What a pity! That’s too bad.‎ 7. 同情 I’m so sorry about your illness.‎ I’m sorry to hear that.‎ 8. 恐惧 Help! How terrible! I’m afraid of that dog.‎