北京市英语中考模拟试题专项阅读理解D篇汇编含答案 16页

一．北京市朝阳区2015中考一模 D ‎ “The world has never been a better place to live in” says science writer Matt Ridley, “and it will keep on getting better.” Read on to see how Ridley makes his case. Right or wrong? You decide.‎ Compared with 50 years ago, when I was just four years old, people now make nearly three times as much money, eat one third more food and expect to live one third longer. In fact, it’s hard to find any areas of the world that’s worse off now than it was then, even though the world population has more than doubled over that period.‎ One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown much cheaper. Take one example: In 1800, a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s, the same light from a lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950, it was eight seconds. Today, it’s half a second. In these terms, we are 43,200 times better off than in1800.‎ In the United States, rivers, lakes, seas and air are getting cleaner all the time. A car today produces less pollution traveling at full speed than a parked car did from leaks (泄漏) in 1970.‎ Although the world population is growing, the rate (率) of increase has been falling for 50 years. Across the world, national birth rates are lower now than in 1960, and in the less developed world, the birth rate has almost halved. According to a research report from the United Nations, population will start falling once it reaches 9.2 billion in 2075. After all, there are already seven billion people on earth, and they are eating better and better.‎ In 1970s, there were 550 billion barrels (桶) of oil reserves (储存) in the world, and in the 20 years that followed the world used up 600 billion. So by 1990, reserves should have been overused by 50 billion barrels. Instead, it is reported there are 900 billion today. They will last for many years and people will find something in place of oil long before they run out.‎ The more we develop, the more we can develop. The more we invent, the more inventions become possible. For 200 years, pessimists (people who believe that terrible things will happen in future) have had all the headlines—even though optimists have far more often been right. There are some reasons for pessimists. No charity (慈善机构) ever raised money by saying things are getting better. No journalist ever got the front page writing a story about how terrible things won’t happen. Don’t be a pessimist—dare to be an optimist!‎ ‎ ‎ ‎52. Today, providing one hour’s light costs ______.‎ A. 6 hours’ work B. 15 minutes’ work C. 8 seconds’ work D. 0.5 second’s work ‎53. Which of the following is true, according to the passage?‎ A. Things we used to need were much cheaper than they are today.‎ B. The pollution today is much more serious than it was long ago.‎ C. Population problem has nearly made the world stop developing.‎ D. It’s not necessary to be worried about oil reserves in the world.‎ ‎54. What does the word “optimists” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. People who are brave enough to face anything terrible.‎ B. People who can always tell good things from bad ones.‎ C. People who have hopeful and happy feelings about life.‎ D. People who don’t easily believe what they’re told about.‎ ‎55. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Never Give Up B. Cheer Up C. Don’t Be Sad D. Think Out ‎ （D）52. D 53. D 54. C 55. B ‎ 二． 2015年顺义区初三第一次模拟练习 D Languages keeps evolving（进化、发展）, and English is no exception. It is a language that ‎ embraces(欣然接受)new words that may be cool today but gone tomorrow.‎ There are, however, some words and phrases that have stood the test of time. OK, which has become the international standard for expressing agreement, is a good example. ‎ But why is this rather odd(奇怪的)expression so popular and so useful when we could use any number of other words to say the same thing?‎ Writing in The Times, Allen Metcalf, author of OK: The Improbable Story of America’s Greatest Word, writes: “What OK provided that the others did not was neutrality(中性), a way to express agreement without having to offer an opinion.”‎ For example, if someone asks you “Shall we go for a walk after lunch?” you can simply respond “OK”. There you go – no extra opinions. Just straight, plain old OK.‎ So just where did this rather curious expression come from? The origins of OK have been widely disputed (辩论，争论). Some people have guessed that OK was the name of a person or a product.‎ Speakers of many different languages have had their say on this question, keen to claim the term as their own.‎ Writing an article for London’s Metro newspaper, Metcalf states: ‘O and K are present in every language of the world, as expressions that can be abbreviated(缩写) OK.” For example: French – “O qu-oui”, “yes indeed”; German – “Ohne Korrektur”, “ without correction needed”; and in Latin or Greek, “Olla kalla”, “all good”.‎ But, does it sound a little too informal with this popular little expression?‎ Apparently not.‎ In a speech where he stated that his election (当选) would not be a radical (激进的) result to all problems, President Obama said: “… even though I am president…, AI-Qaida is still a threat(威胁) and that we cannot pretend somehow that because Barack Hussein Obama got elected as president, suddenly everything’s going to be OK,” he said.‎ So, there you go, straight from the president. It’s OK to say OK, and thanks to the expression’s widespread usage across the world, you can be understood anywhere.‎ ‎58. Using the example of Obama, the author wants to show that________.‎ ‎ A. there is still a long way to go to defeat Al-Qaida B. Obama likes to use OK when he speaks ‎ C. OK is widely used even on formal occasions D. the use of OK is encouraged in formal speech ‎59. According to Allen Metcalf, OK differs from other terms to express agreement, which of the following opinions is true? ‎ A. It is easiest way to say. B. It doesn’t need emotion. ‎ C. It is the most commonly used. D. It doesn’t use in the formal speech.‎ ‎ 60. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．Why OK is OK everywhere? B．It’s OK to say OK in the world.‎ C．Where did OK come from? D．Everything is going to be OK. ‎ ‎58．C 59．B 60．A 三． 北京市燕山2015年中考一模 D ‎ clubs No one else knew about the extra (额外的) club in Zach Nash's golf bag. It belonged to a friend, and Zach forgot it was there as he played his way to win in a junior tournament (锦标赛) this summer in Wisconsin, US.‎ medal The 14-year-old accepted his medal, and celebrated with grandparents who had come from a long way to watch. But when he stopped by his country club to share the news, a professional player noticed something wrong. "Count your clubs," he told the teenager.‎ Fifteen—one more than allowed. Zach's eyes filled with tears.‎ If Zach had just won a basketball or a soccer game and someone had discovered an offence (违反) after the win, it would not have mattered.‎ Bending the rules has become acceptable, if not encouraged, in many sports. It is nothing unusual for soccer players to make a turtle dive (假摔) in the hope of breaking rules.‎ Golf is different. In a win at all costs world, the game holds itself to a higher standard.‎ Golf isn't a game where referees (裁判) watch closely. In golf tournaments, dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hope to see each shot. Competitors call punishments on themselves.‎ Players feel the weight of history. Golf began at least the 15th century, but it became popular as a pastime for the wealthy who seemed to always have strict rules of behavior, even when it came to shooting at each other in rights.‎ ‎"It was a sport for gentlemen, not laborers, and gentlemen did not care about winning. They cared about doing the right thing," said Robert Simon, a golf coach at Hamilton College in New York.‎ Honesty became a symbol of honor. When one of the game's early stars, Bobby Jones, was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 US Open. He replied, "You might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank."‎ So even the error had no effect on Zach's final score—he never used the extra club, the teenager packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail. "But this was golf, and rules are rules. I just knew what I had to do," he said.‎ Then came another tournament. Before teeing off, Zach counted his clubs four times.‎ 52. Zach Nash returned the medal he won in the junior tournament because________.‎ A．he was caught cheating by a player B．he decided to follow the rules of golf ‎ C．he used another player's club by mistake D．he made a mistake counting his final score ‎53. Which of the following statements about golf is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．In golf, honor comes before win.‎ B．Early golf players didn't care about the rules.‎ C．Golf players usually do whatever it takes to win.‎ D．Golf referees watch each shot and call punishments.‎ ‎54. The underlined phrase "teeing off" in the last paragraph probably means "____ ".‎ A．getting started B．getting caught C．leaving D．winning ‎55. What is probably the best title of the passage? ‎ A．Zach's medal. B．The history of golf. ‎ C．Honesty counts in golf. D．Golf is rich men's game.‎ ‎ 52—55 BAAC ‎ 四．东城区2015届中考一模 ‎ D It is an argument that has divided the East and the West for centuries: Are chopsticks better than the knife and fork, or vice versa? Now the winner may finally be decided, on environmental ground.‎ Chopsticks are made from a variety of materials, but bamboo and wood chopsticks ‎ are more popular. They are usually cheaper, lower in temperature conduction and provide better sense for holding food. That’s why almost all disposable (一次性的) chopsticks are made of bamboo or wood. With cutting down 25 million fully-grown trees a year to make chopsticks, China has ranked number one among the producers. “We must change our habitsand encourage people to take their own 　chopsticks when eating out,” said Mr. Bo, the owner of a forestry industry company in China. He even wentso faras to suggest that restaurants should offer metal knives and forks instead. If Mr. Bo’s suggestion is widely accepted, it would be a dark moment in chopsticks’ 4,000-year history.‎ Chopsticks were invented in ancient China and later spread around Asia. They are not only used as eating tools but also used for cooking, stirring the fire and serving food. Koreans sometimes use metal chopsticks because of their love of barbecue (烧烤). Chinese chopsticks are longer than Korean and Japanese chopsticks in order to reach the dishes in the center of the table. There are 1.4 billion people using 80 billion pairs of disposable chopsticks in China every year. However, the most widespread use of disposable chopsticks is in Japan. Around a total of 24 billion pairs are used in Japan each year, which means each Japanese uses almost ‎200 pairs yearly. However, most of its disposable chopsticks have been imported (进口) from China, up to over90%.‎ Today, China has to accept the truth that its forests can no longer provide enough chopsticks to feed Asian’s table habit. China is now the world’s largest importer of wood and even imports chopsticks from America. An American company said that the state’s native sweet gum and poplar wood would be perfectly used to make chopsticks. These materials do not need to be lightened with chemicals or bleach (漂白粉). The healthy materials and fairly reasonable prices of the products are appealingto Asian customers. More and more Asians start to use American-made chopsticks at their tables.‎ Although the U.S.‎ has a huge amount of wood, which reduces the number of trees that are cut down in Asia, changing the table habit of using disposable chopsticks still seems to be a wiser choice for chopsticks-using countries.‎ ‎52. According to Paragraph 2, Mr. Bo’s advice is that Chinese should ____________.‎ A. use metal chopsticks instead of wooden ones B. plant more trees and produce fewer chopsticks C. form the habit of taking their own chopsticks when eating out D. change their habits and begin to use knives and forks at home ‎53. What do we know about chopsticks in Asia?‎ A. Koreans mainly use chopsticks to cook food over a fire.‎ B. Most disposable chopsticks in Japan are made in China.‎ C. The most disposable chopsticks are used in Japan yearly.‎ D. Chinese use the shortest chopsticks to take and serve food.‎ ‎54. The underlined word “appealing” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______‎ A. normal B. necessary C. attractive D. surprising ‎55. What’s the best title for the passage?‎ A. Time to Change the Materials for Chopsticks B. Time to Cut Down on Disposable Chopsticks C. Time to Import Disposable Chopsticks D. Time to Give UpUsing Chopsticks ‎ 52‎-55 CＢＣＢ ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　五． 房山区2015年中考一模 D Have you wondered why you have two eyes and why they are set close together on the front of your face? The reasons are simple and important. ‎ ‎ Your eyes are like two small cameras. A camera catches an image（影像）of an object and records it on film. Similarly, when you look at something, each eye takes ‎ in what it sees and sends this image to the back of the eyeball. Because your eyes are set close together, they see the world from about the same height but from a little different angles(角度). While your right eye sees an object a little to the right, your left eye sees the same object a bit to the left.Working as a team, the eyes send the images to your brain, then your brain puts them together and you see a single image in the centre. ‎ ‎ Seeing in stereo means seeing with two eyes working together, which is called stereoscopic sight. This allows you to see the world in 3-D. Seeing depth（深度） helps you to judge how far it is between you and the objects you see, and then adjust（调整)to the changing angle so that you can see something clearly when you move closer or farther away. If images are coming from only one eye, however, height and width（宽度）—can be perceived.So if you see with one eye, you will geta2-D image, as in a photograph.‎ ‎ Now consider why your two eyes are on the front of your face. Think of other animals just like you. They are all hunting（猎杀）animals, like lions and tigers. This provides a field of sight about 180 degree wide, which is called binocular sight. On the other hand, animals that are hunted have eyes on the sides of the head, which provides nearly 360-degree field of sight. However, they don’t have stereoscopicsight. It is difficult for them to judge how far a danger is. ‎ ‎ With both stereoscopic and binocularsight, humansand hunting animals share the ability to see from side to side and tojudge how far it is from other objects. If you think it would be great to have another kind of sight, perhaps with hundreds of tiny eyes like many insects(昆虫) do, think again! Each tiny insect eye sees only a tiny part. Besides, what if you needed glasses? Be glad for the eyesight that you have. ‎ ‎52. In Paragraph 2, the writer wants to __________.‎ A. tell us how our two eyes work B. show the importance of eyes ‎ C. compareour eyes with cameras D. suggest using two eyes properly ‎53.The underlined word “perceived” in Paragraph 3means________.‎ A. set B. taken C. seenD. made ‎54. In the last paragraph, the writerthinks that “seeing in stereo” ______. ‎ A. is similar to the way a cameraworks B. is an ability humans are lucky to have ‎ C. would be better for a wider field of sight ‎ D. helps people to have better sight than animals ‎55. What is probably the best title for this passage?‎ A. Seeing in Stereo B. Protecting your eyes C. Treasuring your eyes D. Seeing with eyes ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案：52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 六．海淀区2015中考英语一模 D ‎“You expect your friends to see you in a positive manner, but they also are observers of the personalities that could cause you an early death,” said Joshua Jackson, an assistant professor of psychology in Arts & Sciences.‎ Published in the journal Psychological Science, the study shows that your personality at an early age can predict how long you will live across 75 years and that close friends are usually better than you at recognizing these traits. “Our study shows that people are able to observe and evaluate（评价）a friend’s personality exactly enough to predict early death years down the road,” Jackson said. “It suggests that people are able to see important characteristics related to health even when their friends were, for the most part, healthy and many years from death.”‎ While other studies have shown that a person’s view of his or her own personality can be helpful in evaluating death risks, there has been little research on whether a close friend’s personality evaluation might also predict the chances of a long life.‎ To explore this question, Jackson and colleagues analyzed data（数据）from a longitudinal study that in the 1930s began following a group of young people in their mid-20s. The study included wide-ranging data on participant（参与者）personalities, both self-reported and as reported by close friends.‎ Using information from follow-up studies and searches of death certificates（证书）, Jackson and colleagues were able to record dates of death for all but a few study participants. Peer（同龄人）evaluations of personality were stronger predictors of death risks than were self-evaluations of personality.‎ ‎“There are two possible reasons for the advantage of peer evaluations over self- evaluations,” Jackson said. “First, friends may see something that you miss; they may have some insight that you do not. Second, because people have several friends, we are able to average the characteristics of any one friend to get a more trustworthy evaluation of personality. With self-reports, people may miss certain sides of themselves and we are not able to counteract（抵抗）that because there is only one you, only one self-report.”‎ The study also shows some gender differences in self-evaluation: Men’s self-evaluations of personality were somewhat useful in predicting their lifespans（寿命）, whereas the self-reports of women had little predictive value.‎ ‎“This is one of the longest studies in psychology,” Jackson said. “It shows how important personality is in influencing important life outcomes like health, and that information from friends can play a critical role in understanding a person’s health issues. ‎ ‎52. What can we learn from Paragraph 2? ‎ A. People’s health is related to their friends. ‎ B. Friends can predict lifespans better than us.‎ C. An early personality evaluation helps us live longer. ‎ D. The study shows most people can live across 75 years.‎ ‎53. The underlined word “insight” in Paragraph 6 probably means “_______”.‎ A. advice B. influence C. imagination D. understanding ‎54. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ‎ A. People with more close friends have better personalities.‎ B. Self-evaluations have advantages over peer evaluations. ‎ C. Men predict their lifespans more exactly than women.‎ D. The findings are based on participants’ disease data.‎ ‎55. What can we infer from the last paragraph? ‎ A. Friends’ personality evaluations can help recognize health risks. ‎ B. Best friends play an important role in treating certain diseases. ‎ C. Psychology studies may influence personality development.‎ D. Personality has little important effect on people’s health. ‎ 答案：52. B 53. D 54. C 55. A 七：怀柔区 2015年中考一模 ‎ D Most of us say that God, or destiny or whatever superior force that may exist in this universe （宇宙）is what makes us our future and guides us throughout our existence.‎ ‎ I don’t claim there isn’t such a force that can guide us and take care of us, but the main element(要素) that helps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving（感知） reality and everything that surrounds us are what may bring us to the top, or opposite it, make us miserable. ‎ ‎ It’s simply your own choice if you don’t want to study, go to college or have a career. It really doesn’t matter if your parents threaten you, punish you or scold（责骂） you all the time. If you stick to be yourself and you think you know it all, then these are useless.‎ ‎ You are the one who decides what job to have, in which city or country to live. It’s your choice and your responsibility. The moment you get hurt or something goes wrong, you blame yourself, and you start everything from the very beginning.‎ ‎ You consider that you can’t find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest（谦虚的） life you have with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you can’t stand any more the loneliness, the strangers around you, or your job. But remember that nobody made you take that decision, so you have to take a deep breath, and then go on, as it’s very difficult to find a guilty person when you know it well that you are the only one to be blamed. ‎ ‎ If you fall in love with a man from the very first moment you set your eyes on him and you don’t want to meet somebody else, to see how they are, it’s your wish. If you get married and the marriage ends in a year’s time, you can’t blame the rest as they all have told you to be careful and never to take hasty （轻率的）decisions.‎ ‎ You play the Lottery each day and there are two choices: each you hit the jack pot and your life changes totally or you lose and you have to restart it from the very beginning. It’s known that if you don’t risk, you can’t win. So the best solution is always to think over your decisions, and to see what they can represent in your future. Only afterwords is proper for you to make up your mind.‎ ‎ You are the only architect（建筑师） of your future. The best are only workers who help you create your own dream. ‎ ‎ 52. All the following build up our way of being EXCEPT __________.‎ ‎ A. our character B. our existence ‎ ‎ C. our personality D. our way of perceiving reality ‎ 53. The underlined word “miserable” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”‎ A. unhappy B. lonely C. positive D. careful ‎ 54. Which of the following is NOT right according to the writer’s opinion?‎ A. You meet difficulties when you go abroad, but you should take a deep breath and go on.‎ B. You must think it over before you make a decision for yourself.‎ C. You get hurt after you choose to live in another city, but you blame your parents.‎ D. You cannot make too fast decision before you marry a person. ‎ ‎55. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Character Influences Life ‎ B. A Good Beginning is Half Done ‎ C. Stick to What is Right for Us ‎ D. Every Man Is the Architect of His Future 答案：52-55 BACD 八．　门头沟区2014~2015学年度初三一模 D Do American children still learn handwriting in school ?‎ Cursive Writing ‎ Do American children still learn handwriting in school? In the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. 90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting. But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. One of this year’s studies found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. Some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for 10 to 15 minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day — which really for handwriting is pretty much.‎ Many adults remember learning that way — by copying letters over and over again. Today’s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts(专家) also think handwriting should not be taught by itself. Instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.‎ Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility, which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency(流畅) — writing without having to think about it. Fluency continues to develop up until high school.‎ But not everyone masters these skills. Teachers commonly report that about one ‎ fourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.‎ But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt says word processing is seldom done in primary school, especially in the early years. American children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive, which connects the letters. But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the College Board(大学委员会). More than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay(article) on the test rather than write in cursive.‎ ‎52. From Paragraph 1 we can learn .‎ A. teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in the teaching job B. most teachers prefer to teach handwriting C. teachers spend little time in teaching handwriting D. a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting ‎ ‎53. Which of the following is WRONG for traditional handwriting in the USA?‎ A. Handwriting includes two skills.‎ B. To write in cursive is taught first.‎ C. The letters are repeated many times.‎ D. The students are taught by practicing a long period.‎ ‎54. The underlined word “legibility” in Paragraph 3 means . ‎ A. easy to read B. easy to write ‎ C. unexpected D. unreadable ‎55. The best title for the passage is .‎ A. How to Improve Handwriting in School ‎ B. Right or Wrong: the Death of Handwriting C. Handwriting Involves Two Skills ‎ D. Handwriting Lessons Are on the Way Out 答案：52. A 53. B 54. A 55. B 九．平谷区2014-2015学年度初三统练（一）‎ D ‎ To stop the childhood obesity epidemic(流行), health experts have long strongly advised parents to make healthy changes to their family's lifestyle—such as eating healthily, reducing TV time, exercising and getting a good night's sleep.‎ These behaviors have been linked to a lower risk of obesity in kids, but researchers at Ohio State University were interested in learning whether their effect might be cumulative—that is, whether families who adopted(采用) not just one but two or more of these behaviors could reduce their children's risk of obesity even further.‎ Led by Sarah Anderson, researchers studied data on 8,550 children in a national study, and found that indeed children who practiced two healthy lifestyle behaviors were slimmer than those who adopted only one behavior, while youngsters who implemented three beneficial habits were the least likely to be overweight.‎ ‎"If children had all three practices, their risk(风险) of obesity was 40% lower than children who had none of the routines(常规)." Anderson says.‎ The three behaviors that Anderson studied were eating dinner regularly with the family, limiting the amount of time in front of the TV, and getting enough sleep. The children who were least likely to be too fat ate dinner with their families six or seven times a week, slept for at least 10.5 hours each night and watched less than two hours of television per day.‎ The findings suggest that adopting these routines can be a powerful way for families to encourage healthy weight in their children, Anderson says.‎ In addition, says Dr. David Ludwig, director of the Optimal Weight for Life Program, the routines are relatively easy for most families to adopt. "This is a beautifully simple study. It makes a very important point, and one that needs to be noticed time and again. These are all behaviors that are within the reach of us all."‎ ‎53. What does the underlined word "implemented" in Paragraph 3 probably means?‎ A．Chose B．Supported C．Practiced D．Broke ‎ 54. What can you infer from the passage? ‎ ‎ A. Anderson studied more behaviors than three. ‎ ‎ B. Dr. David Ludwig agreed for Sarah Anderson. ‎ ‎ C. It’s not easy for us all to adopt all behaviors. ‎ ‎ D. The more practices children had, the lower risk of obesity there was. ‎ ‎55. Which might be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Three Habits Help Kids Be Slimmer B．How to Lead a Good Lifestyle C．It Is Not Easy to Be Slim D．How to Keep Kids off TV 答案： 53‎-55 C BA ‎ 十．石景山区2015年初三英语一模试卷 D When you meet someone for the first time, you will get a general idea in your mind of that person in the first moment. Your feelings about other people, however, are really just show the way that you look at yourself. Your reactions to others say more about you than they do about others. You cannot really love or hate about yourself. We are usually drawn to those who are most like us and may dislike those who have the same characters as ourselves that we dislike. Therefore, you can allow others to be the mirror to see more clearly your own feelings of self-worth. And, you can view the people you judge negatively (否定地) as mirrors to show you what you are not accepting about yourself. To live peacefully with others, you will need to learn patience. A big challenge is to let your judgment of others be a lifelong research of yourself. Your task is to consider all the decisions and judgments you make onto others carefully and to begin to see whether you can use them to help yourself and become whole. Several days ago I had a business lunch with a man who showed objectionable table manners. My first feeling was to judge him as rude. When I noticed that I was judging him, I stopped and asked myself what I was feeling. I discovered that I was nervous to be seen with someone who was eating with his mouth open and loudly blowing his nose. I was very surprised to find how much I cared about how the other people in the restaurant judged me. Remember that your judgment of someone will not serve as some kind of protective thing against you becoming like him. Just because I judge my lunch partner as rude, it does not prevent me from ever looking or acting like him. In the same way, my patience to him would not cause me to suddenly begin eating my food with my mouth open. When you get close to life in this manner, those with whom you hate very much as well as those whom you admire and love can be seen as mirrors, guiding you to discover parts of yourself that you dislike and to embrace your greatest characters you are proud of.‎ ‎【 】52. In the writer’s opinion, when we judge others, we are really ______.‎ ‎ A. treating them in a polite way B. showing what we ourselves are ‎ C. guiding ourselves to know them D. telling them what they should do ‎【 】53. Why did the writer feel bad when he was with his lunch partner?‎ ‎ A. Because he was afraid he himself might get the bad habits.‎ ‎ B. Because he was too angry to go on with his lunch any more.‎ ‎ C. Because he was afraid he might be thought badly of by others.‎ ‎ D. Because he was too nervous to speak his opinions out right there.‎ ‎【 】54. The underlined word “objectionable” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.‎ ‎ A. unbelievable B. unforgettable C. unacceptable D. unreasonable ‎【 】55. The writer writes the passage to ______.‎ ‎ A. tell us a story that happened in a restaurant ‎ B. ask us not to behave rudely in some public places ‎ C. encourage us to have the right attitude towards others ‎ ‎ D. advise us to know ourselves from judging others properly 答案：52. B 53. C 54. C 55. D 十一．　顺义区2015届初三第一次统一练习 D Although most people believe that laughter is one of the nature’s great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases, it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figure out.‎ ‎“Laughter above all else is a social thing,” says Baltimore neuroscientist(神经科学家), Robert Provine, who has studied laughter for many years. “All laughter groups laugh ‘ha-ha-ha’ basically the same way. Whether you speak Mandarin, French or English, everyone will understand laughter. There is a pattern generator(发生器) in our brain that produces this sound.”‎ Laughing is our first way of communicating. Babies laugh long before they speak. No one teaches them how to laugh. They just do. People may laugh at a prank(恶作剧) on April Fools’ Day. But surprisingly, only 10 to 15 percent of laughter is the result of someone making a joke. Laughter is mostly about social responses rather to a joke. Deaf people laugh without hearing and people on cell phones laugh without seeing, showing that laughter isn’t dependent on single sense but on social interactions.‎ And laughter is not just a people thing. Chimps tickle(挠痒) each other and even laugh when another chimp pretends to tickle them.‎ Jaak Panksepp, a Bowling Green University Psychology professor, studies rats that laugh when he tickles them. It turns out rats love to be tickled — they return again and again to the hands of researchers tickling them.‎ By studying rats, scientists can figure out what’s going on in the brain during laughter. Northwestern University biomedical engineering professor, Jeffrey Burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁药). He thinks the same thing probably happens in humans, too. This would give doctors a new chemical target to develop drugs that can fight depression.‎ Even so, laughter itself has not been proved to be the best medicine, experts said. Margaret Stuber, a professor at University‎ of ‎California, studied whether laugher helped patients. She found that distraction(分心) and mood improvement helped, but ‎ she could not find a benefit of laughter alone.‎ ‎“No study has shown that laughter produces a direct health benefit,” Provine said, mainly because it’s hard to separate laughter from just feeling good. But he thinks it doesn’t really matter: “Isn’t the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough?”‎ ‎52．The underlined word “figure out” in Paragraph 6 means “________”.‎ A. deal with B. work out C. look out of D. come up with ‎53．According to the passage, scientists studied rats in order to find ______.‎ ‎ A. how they laugh ‎ B. if they like laughing ‎ C. what laughter in rats produces ‎ D. how rats react while being tickled ‎54．What can we know from Robert Provine’s research?‎ A．Laughter makes a person feel good.‎ B．Laughter produces a direct health benefit.‎ C．Laughter depends on all kinds of senses.‎ D．Laughter is a way of communicating.‎ ‎55．What is probably the best title for this passage?‎ A. Why Rats Laugh B. When Laughter Happens C. How Laughter Works D. Why Laughter Matters 答案：52---55 BCAD 十二．　丰台区2014-2015学年度中考一模 D ‎ ‎ For me, Facebook is about staying in touch with friends, whether that means writing on someone’s ‘wall’or sending them a private message. It’s a useful website for finding long-lost friends, arranging parties and sharing photos. But that’s not all: Facebook is now being used by all kinds of people for all kinds of reasons!‎ ‎ Do you want to play computer games? Log on to Facebook. There are now thousands of entertaining games and puzzles to help you pass the time. Do you want to find cafés, cinemas and bowling alleys in your area? Log on to Facebook pages that you can join and ‘like’, which makes it very easy to search for fun things to do near you. I think it’s brilliant to have all the information that you want on just one website! ‎ ‎ People are now joining Facebook to make professional connections too, either with people who do the same kind of work, or with businesses that are looking for new people to work for them.‎ ‎ It’s a pretty good idea since so many people use Facebook these days, especially young people! Even students log on to Facebook to look for summer or part-time jobs.‎ And that’s not all! Now there are hundreds of pages about sports teams,‎ ‎ TV programmes and pop stars to look at on Facebook. However, I believe the main reason most young people use Facebook is because it’s so easy to let the world know what you think about different things or people, whether it’s about a new film at the cinema or whether you prefer Rihanna with long or short hair. You can even write comments directly on other people’s Facebook pages including some stars’ pages. But you have to be careful because giving your opinion online can be dangerous.‎ ‎ We mustn’t forget that Facebook is meant to be fun and shouldn’t be used for saying bad things about people around us. I recently read a news article about a student who had to leave school because she made rude and unfair comments about a teacher on her Facebook wall. Several other school students have been in trouble for similar comments and opinions. In fact, it really annoys me when I see somebody has written nasty things about another person!‎ ‎ It’s true that Facebook is becoming more and more part of our daily lives for many different reasons, and it can be really helpful as well as being a lot of fun. But, as with all websites, we must be careful about how we use it.‎ ‎52. What does the writer think of the Facebook? ‎ ‎ A. It is easy for finding a long-lost friend ‎ ‎ B. It is dangerous for giving one’s opinion ‎ C. It is mainly used for business reasons these days.‎ ‎ D. It is useful for finding entertainment information.‎ ‎53. Why does the writer think young people like Facebook so much? ‎ ‎ A. It’s a good place to read TV programmes reviews.‎ ‎ B. They can have conversations about their interests.‎ ‎ C. It’s the best place to find information about sports.‎ ‎ D. They like having the chance to give their opinions.‎ ‎54. The underlined word “nasty” in Paragraph 6 probably means “______”.‎ ‎ A. critical B. private C. unpleasant D. impolite ‎ ‎55. What is the best title of the passage? ‎ ‎ A. The use of Facebook ‎ B. The information on Facebook ‎ ‎ C. The reasons of using Facebook D. The suggestions for using Facebook 答案：52. D 53. D 54. C 55.A ‎ 十三．通州区2015年初三模拟考试 D Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is also the color of most growing plants.‎ Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet ripe or finished. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation. In the fifteenth century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns (角) had not yet developed. A century later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had not yet had any experience in battle (战役). By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is ‎ new in a job.‎ Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb (拇指). The expression comes from early nineteen hundreds. A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died.‎ The Green Revolution is the name given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains (谷物). The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural (农业的) scientists who had green thumbs.‎ Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feeling, jealousy (嫉妒). The green-eyed monster is not a frightening animal from outer space. It is an expression used about four hundred years ago by British writer William Shakespeare in his play “Othello”. It describes the unpleasant feeling a person has when someone has something he wants. A young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if his girlfriend begins going out with someone else. Or, that green-eyed monster may affect your friend if you get a pay rise and he does not.‎ ‎52. If a person is said to have a green thumb, it means _____.‎ A. he has a magic hand                   ‎ B. one of his thumbs is green C. he is good at growing plants        ‎ D. his garden is greener than others’   ‎ ‎53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. A greenhorn meant an experienced soldier before.‎ B. A greenhorn now can refer to a fresh worker.‎ C. The Green Revolution have nothing to do with green thumbs.‎ D. People can make plants grow quickly by the Green Revolution.‎ ‎54. A man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if _____.‎ A. he meets something frightening B. he reads an unpleasant play C. he can’t go out with his girlfriend ‎ D. his friend gets the prize but he doesn’t ‎55. The author is actually talking about _____ in this passage.‎ A. the importance of the color green in nature B. the development of the word green in English history C. the different ways to describe people with the word green ‎ D. the meaning of the word green in English expressions 答案：52. C 53. B 54. D 55.D ‎ 一．北京市朝阳区2015中考一 答案：（D）52. D 53. D 54. C 55. B ‎ 二． 2015年顺义区初三第一次模拟练 答案：58．C 59．B 60．A 三． 北京市燕山2015年中考一模 答案：52—55 BAAC 四．东城区2015届中考一模 答案：52‎-55 CＢＣＢ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　五． 房山区2015年中考一模 答案：52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 六．海淀区2015中考英语一模 答案：52. B 53. D 54. C 55. A 七：怀柔区 2015年中考一模 ‎ 答案：52-55 BACD 八．　门头沟区2014~2015学年度初三一模 答案：52. A 53. B 54. A 55. B 九．平谷区2014-2015学年度初三统练（一）‎ 答案： 53‎-55 C BA ‎ 十．石景山区2015年初三英语一模试卷 答案：52. B 53. C 54. C 55. D 十一．　顺义区2015届初三第一次统一练习 答案：52---55 BCAD 十二．　丰台区2014-2015学年度中考一模 D 答案：52. D 53. D 54. C 55.A ‎ 十三．通州区2015年初三模拟考试 答案：52. C 　53. B 54. D 55. D ‎