中考专题代词 21页

‎2016中考专题（二） — 代词 思维导图 ‎ 主格 ‎ 1.人称代词 ‎ 宾格 ‎ 形容词性物主代词 ‎ 2.物主代词 ‎ 名词性物主代词 ‎ 第一人称反身代词 ‎ 代词 3. 反身代词 第二人称反身代词 ‎ 第三人称反身代词 ‎ 普通不定代词 ‎ 4.不定代词 ‎ ‎ 复合不定代词 ‎ 5.指示代词（this/that , these / those)‎ ‎ 6.疑问代词 （who/whom/ what/ which)‎ ‎ 7.代词it的特殊用法 ‎ ‎ 一、代词定义： 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。‎ ‎ I (我）， me(我），my (我们），mine(我的），myself（我自己）， ‎ ‎ this (这），who (谁）‎ 二、 代词的分类：根据其用法特点可分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、‎ ‎ 反身代词、 疑问代词、不定代词等。‎ 考点一：人称代词 ‎ 人称代词：指代人和事物的词；人称代词有人称、数、格的变化 ‎1.人称代词的形式：‎ 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he /she /it him /her /it they them ‎2.人称代词的用法 ‎ 人称代词在句中可以用作主语（用主格）和宾语（用宾格）：‎ ‎（1）人称代词做主语时必须用主格，通常放在动词的前面,在句中作主语 如:I,we,you,he,she,it,they。‎ ① I like English .(主语). ‎ ‎ ②He is a teacher.(主语)‎ ‎ ③They play basketball every day.(主语). ‎ （2） 人称代词的宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语，用在动词或介词后，‎ ‎ 也可作表语用在系动词之后。‎ ‎ 如：me,us,you,him,her,it,them。‎ ①I saw him at the party(在动词saw后做宾语).‎ ‎ ②Can you look after her while I’m away?我不在时，你能照看一下她吗？‎ ‎ （在介词after之后作宾语）‎ ‎【注】单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格：‎ ‎ “I like English.” “ Me too”‎ 3. 人称代词的排列顺序”‎ 单数人称代词：三个人称代词的单数并存时顺序一般为 ‎ (二、三、一)排列，即you →he/she→ I ‎ You, he and I can clean our classroom together when class is over. ‎ ‎ 下课后，你、他和我可以一起打扫教室。‎ 复数人称代词：三个人称代词的复数并存时顺序一般为 ‎ （ 一、二、三）we →you → they ‎【注】:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)‎ ‎ ① She and I have been to Beijing.‎ ‎ ②Who broke the window? I and Mike. ‎ ‎【中考真题训练1】人称代词主格 ‎【2014重庆市A2】Aunt Tina will visit us soon. ______ is arriving tomorrow morning.‎ ‎ A. He B. She C. His D. Her ‎【2015贵州毕节】27.I’d like you to meet Bob, ____ is my best friend.‎ ‎ A.He B.Him C.His D.Her ‎【2015陕西】21. Everyone likes my father because ___ is friendly.‎ ‎ A.his B.him C.he D.himself ‎【2015甘肃兰州】26.The Browns had a party with their neghbors yesterday. ____ all enjoyed ‎ ‎ themselves.‎ ‎ A.We B. You C. Them D. They ‎ ‎【2015山东临沂】17. Good books are like wise friends, because _____ support you to walk ‎ ‎ forward and help you understand the world.‎ ‎ A. they B. their C. them D. Themselves ‎【中考真题训练2】人称代词宾格 ‎【2015云南】66.Mother is my first teacher. She teaches ___________ a lot about life.(I)‎ ‎【2015湖南长沙】25. –Rose, could you please water the flowers in the garden?‎ ‎   --Why _________? You see, my brother is listening to music.‎ ‎   A. me                 B. I                  C. mine ‎【2015重庆A卷】24. My mother used to make breakfast for _____ every morning, but now I do ‎ ‎ it myself. A. Mine B. my C. I D. me ‎【2015湖北荆州】21. —How do you like the famous actor, Tong Dawei?‎ ‎ —Wonderful! I like very much.‎ ‎ A. he B. his C. him D. himself ‎【2014辽宁丹东】 —Are these books yours, Mike?‎ ‎ —No, they aren’t. They belong to ______.‎ ‎ A.him B.his C.hers D. she ‎【2015 北京】21. Miss Smith is very kind. We all like ____. ‎ ‎ A. it B.her C.him D.them ‎ ‎【2015海南三亚】26.Miss Yang is a kind teacher . All the students love___.‎ ‎ A.she B.her C.hers ‎【2015山东济宁】17.Uncle Tom will come to visit ___ next Saturday.‎ ‎ A.we B. us C. our D. ours ‎【2015四川凉山】32.—Is the man who is singing your teacher?‎ ‎ —Yes, he teaches ___ physics.‎ ‎ A. we B.our C.ours D.us ‎【2015辽宁大连】2.In China , many people often take ____ own bags when shopping.‎ ‎ A.they B.their C.them D.theirs ‎【2015江苏苏州】6. Mrs. Smith often goes to visit those AIDS patients in hospitals to cheer___‎ ‎ up. ‎ ‎ A. her B. them C. him D. us 考点二：物主代词 I. 物主顾名思义是物的主人，表示事物所属关系的代词，即英语中的所属格。‎ 物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 列表如下：‎ 人称 数 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 中文 第一人称 单数 my mine 我的 复数 our ours 我们的 第二人称 单数 your yours 你的 复数 your yours 你的 第三人称 单数 his/her/its his/hers/its 他的/她的/它的 复数 their theirs 他(她，它）们的 II.物主代词的用法：‎ ‎1.形容词性物主代词的用法：‎ 形容词性物主代词用作定语，相当于形容词,后跟名词， 不可单独使用。‎ ‎ 即(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词 。‎ ‎【注】物主代词前后不能有this, that, some, a, an, the等词修饰。‎ ‎ 如：不能说the my right hand。‎ 形容词性物主代词可与own连用，表示强调，如果名词前面已a,an ,the ,any ,some,‎ no,this ,that等词修饰，形容词性物主代词和own of构成的短语放在被修饰词后面。‎ ‎ It’s your own business.‎ ‎ I met a friend of my own in the street yesterday.‎ ‎2.名词性物主代词的用法：‎ 名词性物主代词相当于名词，在句中独立做主语、宾语、表语或连用of作定语等，后面一段不可以跟名词，因为它相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”‎ ‎ 即：名词性物主代词= 对应的形容词性物主代词+名词。‎ ‎ This is your pen,mine is on the desk? (作主语，相当于my book)‎ ‎ These books are mine.(作表语，相当于my books)‎ ‎ Let’s clean her classroom first, then we’ll clean ours. (作宾语，相当于our classroom) ‎ ‎3. “of +名词性物主代词” 双重所有格，表示部分概念。‎ ‎ a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)我的一个朋友（强调是许多朋友中的一个）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.名词性物主代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应取决于它所代替的名词单复数。‎ ‎ My trousers are new, his are old.‎ ‎【2014十堰2】—What do you think of your host family, Jim?‎ ‎ —Great. They try ________ best to make me feel at home.‎ ‎ A. they B. their C. them D. theirs ‎5.含有物主代词的短语：‎ all one’s life 一生 ‎ change one’s mind 改变主意 do one’s homework 做作业 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 on one’s way to在去...的路上 take one’s time 不急 to one’s surprise ‎ 使某人吃惊的是 with one’s help 在某人的帮助之下 try one’s best ‎ 尽某人最大努力 III.中考真题训练 ‎【中考真题训练1】形容词性物质代词 ‎【2015云南曲靖】79.—Many teens spend much time in front of ______________ (they) smart ‎ ‎ phones, computers and TVs.‎ ‎ — They should cut down screen time.‎ ‎【2015海南】28.—It’s too far. I’m afraid I can’t walk there.‎ ‎ —Don’t worry. You can ride_____ bike.‎ ‎ A. I B. my C. Mine ‎【2015重庆B卷】22.The man over there is ___ old friend. He is a policeman.‎ ‎ A.I B.me C.my D.mine ‎【2015湖北黄冈】27.—Are Sandy and Kate _____ good friends?‎ ‎ —Yes,they are.Please look after_____‎ ‎ A.your;their B.your;them C.yours;theirs D.you;them ‎【2015山东滨州】—David, is that ____ English teacher? ‎ ‎ —Yes, he is ___ . He is very caring.‎ ‎ A.yours; ours B.your; our C.yours; our D.your; ours ‎【2015河北】27. My brother likes painting. It's one of _________ hobbies.‎ ‎ A. my B. her C. his D. your ‎【2015四川南充】22.—What’s ____ name? —______ is Eric ‎ A.his; He B.his ; His C.he; His D.he; He ‎【2015云南曲靖】32.—Excuse me, I s this parking lot open for public use?‎ ‎ —No. But that ___ across from the road is open for anyone.‎ ‎ A.it B.it’s C.one D.its ‎【2015山西】16. Nowadays many travellers usually take photos with koalas in Australia. These ‎ ‎ photos are good memories.‎ ‎ A. is B. her C. their ‎【中考真题训练2】名词性物主代词 ‎【2015湖南娄底】22. —Is this your schoolbag?‎ ‎ —No, it isn’t. _______is under the desk.‎ ‎ A. My B. Mine C. Me ‎【2015张家界】22. Eat your own food. Don’t eat ______.‎ ‎ A. me B. mine C. it ‎ ‎【2015四川广安】21.—I can’t find my ruler. May I use ____?‎ ‎ —Of course .Here you are.‎ ‎ A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself ‎【2015天津】22. I don’t like ______ watch. I like ______.‎ ‎       A. me; your          B. my; your        C.me; yours        D. my; yours ‎【2015四川自贡】22.—Bill, is that your sister’s pet dog? ‎ ‎ —No,_____ is White.‎ ‎ A.She B.Her C.Hers.‎ ‎【2015湖北鄂州】21.— Do you know _________ this iphone5 belongs to?‎ ‎ — Let me see. Oh, it’s __________.‎ ‎ A. whose; her B. whose; hers C. who; her D. who; hers ‎【中考真题训练3】形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词 ‎【2015新疆维吾尔】27.— Is this ______ backpack?‎ ‎ —No, _____ is on the sofa.‎ ‎ A. yours; mine B. yours; my C. your; mine D. your; my ‎【2015贵州遵义】28.I am old enough to wash ____ clothes by myself .You can just wash_____.‎ ‎ A.mine;your B.my; yours C.mine; yours ‎【2015山东滨州】23.—David, is that ____ English teacher? ‎ ‎ —Yes, he is ___ . He is very caring.‎ ‎ A.yours; ours B.your; our C.yours; our D.your; ours ‎【2014黔西南州2】—Is this _______ ruler? —No. _______ is over there.‎ ‎ A. her; Her B. her; Hers C. hers; Hers D. hers; Her ‎【2014四川达州1】—Excuse me, is this ______ new pencil sharpener?‎ ‎ —Yes, it’s ______. He bought it just now.‎ ‎ A. Tom’s; his B. Tom; his C. Tom’s; hers D. Tom’s; yours 考点三：反身代词 一、 反身代词定义：表示“某人自己”的词 叫做反身代词 二、反身代词的构成：‎ ‎◆第一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成 第一人称 第二人称 单数 myself yourself 复数 ourselves yourselves ‎◆ 第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves 单数：‎ himself herself itself 复数： ‎ themselves 三、反身代词的用法：‎ ‎ 反身代词一般用来作动词或介词的宾语，表示动作返回到动作执行者本身，‎ ‎ 即主语和宾语是指同一个人或物。‎ ‎ Let me introduce myself.‎ 四、 反身代词的常见搭配：‎ enjoy oneself玩得高兴 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 ‎ by oneself 独自 ‎ introduce oneself to 自我介绍 hurt oneself 伤害自己 ‎ lose oneself 失去自我 teach oneself=learn …by oneself 自学 help oneself to +食物 随便吃 ‎ ‎ ‎【注】：反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。不能单独做主语。‎ You have to believe in ______________.That’s the secret of success.(we)‎ ‎【中考真题训练】‎ ‎【2014江苏宿迁】I’m old enough to look after __________ (我自己).‎ ‎【2015广东中考】27. —Look at this model ship. I made it all by ______ last week. ‎ ‎ — Wow, you are so smart! ‎ ‎ A.me B.my C.mine D.myself ‎ ‎【2015黑龙江黑河】2.—Who taught ___ skating? —Nobody. I learnt it by ____.‎ ‎ A.your; myself B.you, me C.you, myself ‎【2015江苏连云港】7.—I’m afraid I won’t pass the exam. ‎ ‎ —Come on, Bill. You should believe in ___ .That’s the secret of success.‎ ‎ A.myself B.ourselves C.yourself D.yourselves ‎【2015福建莆田】33.My brother is old enough to dress __ now.‎ ‎ A.herself B.himself C.myself ‎【2015贵州贵阳】32.Bob hurt ___ in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon.‎ ‎ A.myself B.himself C.herself ‎【2015湖北随州】27.The exchange student from Australia is a friend of ___ .She enjoyed ____ at ‎ ‎ the Art Festival held in Beijing yesterday.‎ ‎ A.me;herself B.mine; hers C.mine; herself D.me; hers ‎【2015福建漳州】32. —Liu Mei can speak Japanese so well ! Who taught her?‎ ‎ — Nobody . She taught_________ ． ‎ ‎ A. her B. hers C. herself ‎【2015贵州遵义】82.The house ____ (it) is very beautiful , but the river near it is much polluted.‎ ‎【2015湖北黄石】37.—Who will come to help us? ‎ ‎ —Nobody. We have to depend on ___.‎ ‎ A.ourselves B.we C.us D.our ‎【2015吉林中考】36.Last month , I went to the computer museum with my parents . We enjoyed ‎ ‎ ___ and learned a lot.‎ ‎ A.us B.ourselves C.our ‎【2015贵州黔东南州】22.—Can you make ___ understand in English ? —Yes, I can.‎ ‎ A.yourself B.you C.yours D.your ‎【2015广东汕尾】42. If people have problems, they should keep them to ____ and ask for help. ‎ ‎ A. ourselves B. yourselves C. themselves D. itself ‎【2015辽宁葫芦岛】4.Some girls won’t go out without taking time to dress _____up.‎ ‎ A.ourselves B.yourself C.herself D.themselves ‎ ‎ 考点四：不定代词 一、不定代词定义：代替和修饰不特定的人或事物的的代词叫做不定代词。‎ 二、普通不定代词 ‎1.初中阶段常用的不定代词如下表：‎ some/any ‎ few/little none/one many/much either/neither other/another each/every both/all the other ‎ 2. 常用的不定代词辨析：‎ ‎ ① some/any辨析：‎ 相同点 均可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，表示“一些”，即不确定的数量、数目 不同点 some 一般用于肯定句中，也可用于疑问句中表示委婉的建议或请求，表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答 I have some questions to ask.‎ Would you like some coffee with sugar?‎ any 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句, 用于肯定句时表示“任何(一个/一些)”‎ They didn’t have any friends here.‎ ‎【考点训练】‎ ‎【2015张家界】28. The answer is wrong. There are ______ mistakes.‎ ‎ A. some B. no C. much ‎【2015湖北十堰】29.—Could I have ___ coffee, please? ‎ ‎ —Sure, help yourself.‎ ‎ A.some B.any C.no D.none ②many /much 辨析：‎ 相同点 均表示“很多，许多”，两者都可以和表示程度的副词so/too/how等连用。‎ 不同点 many 修饰可数名词复数 I took many pictures when I went to Yun Nan last week.‎ much 修饰不可数名词 I’m very thirsty now. I want to drink much water. ‎ ‎【考点训练】‎ ‎【2012浙江温州2】My cousins have collected stamps for two years." They have ______ ‎ ‎ stamps from different countries.‎ ‎ A. few B. many C. much D. little ‎ ‎【2015四川自贡】23.Mum , you’ve got so ____ housework to do . Let me help you.‎ ‎ A.many B.much C.little ③each/every辨析：‎ 相同点 都表示“每个” “各个”‎ 不同点 each 强调个体，作主语时，谓语动词用单数；‎ 指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”‎ The time is enough. Each of us can try twice. 时间很充足。我们每个人可以试两次 ‎ every 强调整体，只能作定语修饰单数名词，其谓语动词也要用单数；指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”‎ I ride a bike to school every day. 我每天骑自行车去学校 ‎【注】each可以构成“each of +名词/代词”结构，而every不可以 ④a little/little/ few/a few辨析：‎ 修饰可数名词复数 修饰不可数名词 否定 few很少几个 little 很少，不多 肯定 a few有几个 a little有一点 There is little milk in the fridge ,let’s buy some.‎ He has a few friends,but he has few good friends.‎ ‎【中考真题训练】‎ ‎【2015四川资阳】25. —Would you like some more noodles, Celia?‎ ‎ —Yes, just _________, please.‎ ‎ A. a few B. few C. a little D. little ‎【2014广州4】There is __ news about this movie star in the newspaper. Where can I get some?‎ ‎ A. many B. a few C. a lot D. little ‎【2015广东广州】16. Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have ______ time left. ‎ ‎ A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ‎ ‎【2015湖南长沙】29. There will be ____ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway.‎ ‎   A. fewer                B. less                 C. more ‎【2014贵州铜仁2】In our school, ____ students like English, but ____ of them can speak English ‎ ‎ smoothly. ‎ ‎ A. a little; a few B. a few; few C. a few, little D. a little; few ⑤both /either/neither辨析：‎ 相同点 均用于两个人或物 不同点 both 指“两者都”。作主语时，谓语动词用复数 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数 neither 指“两者中没有一个”（全否定）。作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数 ‎【拓展】常用搭配 ‎1.①both...and... .......和......， 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎ Both Tom and Mary are students.‎ ‎ ②both of + 名词/代词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数 ‎ Both of the two boys are clever.‎ 2. ①either...or... 或者......或者......（作主语时，谓语动词要根据就近原则）‎ ‎ Either you or he is right.= Either he or you are right.‎ ‎ ②either of +名词/代词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数 ‎ Either of the books is popular with the students.这两本书随便哪本都受到同学们的欢迎。‎ ‎3.①neither... nor... 既不......也不......， （连接并列主语时，谓语动词符合就近原则）‎ ‎ Neither you nor I am good at math我们两个都不擅长数学。‎ ‎ ②neither of +名词/代词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数 ‎ Neither of us speaks English.‎ ‎【中考真题训练】‎ ‎【2015湖北武汉】— The East Lake is not far from the Yellow Crane Tower, so you can easily ‎ visit _________ in a day.‎ ‎ — Fantastic! I can’t wait for it.‎ ‎ A. none B. both C. all D. either ‎【2015山东泰安】29.My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful with trees and flowers ‎ ‎ on sides of the road.‎ ‎ A. all B. both C. neither D. either ‎ ‎【2015山东东营】24. -Which way do you prefer, reading online or reading on paper?‎ ‎ . Sometimes I read online, sometimes I read on paper.‎ ‎ A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither ‎【2015广东汕尾】44. — Do you need an apple or a pear?‎ ‎ — ____ , I really don’t mind.‎ ‎ A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither ‎【2015福建福州】28. —What would you like, tea or coffee?‎ ‎ —_____, thanks. I just prefer a glass of water.‎ ‎ A. Both B. Neither C. Either ‎【2015湖北孝感】32. My friend and I are interested in drawing, but ________ of us is good at it.‎ ‎ A. neither B. both C. none D. All ⑥all/any/none辨析：‎ 相同点 均用于三个或三个以上的人或物 不同点 all 指“三个或三个以上的人或物”。作主语时，谓语动词用复数，其反义词为none ‎ All of us study English by watching English movies. 我们所有人都通过看英语电影学习英语。‎ any 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”‎ Any of my three brothers dislike playing basketball on Sunday. 我三个哥哥没有人不喜欢在周日打篮球。‎ none None of my friends break the traffic rules 指“三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个”（全否定），相当于not any ‎ after school.放学后，我的朋友没有人违反交通规则。‎ ‎【 注意】：用who提问的句子要用no one/ nobody来回答；用how many, ‎ ‎ how much提问的句子则要用none来回答。‎ ‎【中考真题训练】‎ ‎【2013扬州4】---Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.‎ ‎ ---But ________ of them are in fashion now.‎ ‎ A. all B. both C. neither D. none ‎【2014恩施3】—How many students are there still in the classroom?‎ ‎ —____.The room is empty.‎ ‎ A. Not all B. Not one C. None ‎【2014无锡1】—Do you drink much coffee as before?‎ ‎ —No, ______ at all. My sleeping problem is getting worse. ‎ ‎ A.none B.little C.nothing D.anything ‎ ⑦other/the other/others/the others/another 辨析 不定代词 意义 用法 例句 other 另外的 常与复数名词连用 Do you have any other ideas?‎ others 泛指别的人或物 相当于other +复数名词，常与some连用，构成some… others… 一些…… 一些……‎ Some students are in the classroom, others are on the playground.‎ the other 两者中的一个 常与one连用，构成 one …the other … 两者之间的一个……另一个……‎ I have two brothers ,one is a teacher, the other is a worker.‎ the others 特指其余的人或物 把整体分为两部分，一部分用some..., 另一部分用the others,相当于the other +名词复数 There are fifty students in the classroom, some are reading English,the others are doing their homework.‎ another 指三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个 常与单数名词连用 但 another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个……”‎ This pair of shoes is a bit small, would you please show me another one?‎ ‎【拓展记忆】‎ 后面没有名词 后面有名词 ‎ 有数量限制(特指)‎ the others the other 没有数量限制(泛指)‎ others other ‎【中考真题训练】‎ ‎【2013湖北孝感3】My family has two dogs. One is white, ________ is black.‎ ‎ A. other B. another C. the other D. others ‎【2015辽宁锦州】3.How dangerous! You’re driving the car with one hand and sending a message ‎ ‎ on Wechat with ______.‎ ‎ A.the other B.another C.other D.others ‎【2015贵州遵义】29.Of the three reading rooms , one is nnea, but ___ two are far.‎ ‎ A.other B.the others C.the other ‎【2015贵州黔东南州】26.The shoes don’t fit me .Would you please show me_____?‎ ‎ A.another pair B.the other one C. The other D.another one ‎【2015湖南株洲】22.I don’t like this small bag. Would you please show me ______?‎ ‎ A.the other B.other C.another ‎【2015黑龙江龙东】18.—Would you like ______ cake? —Thanks, but I'm full.‎ ‎ A. another B. other C. the other ‎【2013天水2】39. —Have you finished your today’s work? —No, I need _____________.‎ ‎ A.two another hours B.another two hours ‎ ‎ C.more two hours D.two other hours 三、复合不定代词 I．复合不定代词是由 some-， any-， no-， every-加上-one,-body, -thing 等所组成的不定代词。常见的复合不定代词有：‎ somebody (某人)‎ someone (某人)‎ something (某事)‎ anybody (任何人)‎ anyone (任何人)‎ anything (任何事)‎ nobody (没有人)‎ no one (没有人)‎ nothing (没有东西)‎ everybody (每人)‎ everyone (每人)‎ everything (每一件事)‎ 注意：含-body 和-one 的复合不定代词用来指人， 含-thing的复合不定代词用来指物。‎ II.不定代词的用法：‎ ‎1.由 some-构成的复合不定代词多用于肯定句，或者期待得到肯定回答的疑问句，表示建议或请求的疑问句中；由 any-构成的复合不定代词多用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。‎ ‎2.复合不定动词作主语，谓语动词用单数 Everybody is here.‎ ‎3.复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在复合不定代词后面 ‎ something interesting有趣的东西 something to eat吃的东西 ‎【2014贵阳2】—Have you read today's newspaper ‎ ‎ —Yes It's really boring. There is ______in it.‎ ‎ A. something new B. nothing new C. anything new ‎ ‎4.复合不定代词与 not 连用，表示部分否定。 ‎ ‎ Not everyone likes English.不是每个人都喜欢英语 ‎5.在表示请求、建议、反问等语气的疑问句中，问话者希望得到肯定回答时要用something,‎ ‎ somebody, someone ‎— Would you like something to drink? ‎ ‎—Yes, please.‎ ‎6.在反意疑问句中，somebody, anybody等作主语时，附加问句用he或they; ‎ ‎ something, everything等作主语时，附加问句用it.‎ ‎ Nobody is in the classroom, is he/are they?‎ ‎ Everything is ready, isn’t it?‎ ‎【注】somewhere 是副词。‎ ‎ I must have seen you somewhere before. 我以前一定在某处见过你。‎ ‎【中考真题训练1】指人的不定代词 ‎【2015辽宁葫芦岛】2.I didn’t sleep well because _____ suddenly knocked on the door just now.‎ ‎ A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody D.everybody ‎【2015黑龙江绥化】24.The room is empty . I can’t find ____ in it.‎ ‎ A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody ‎【2015江西南昌】26. Our teacher was very happy because _____failed the examination.‎ ‎ A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody.‎ ‎【2015山东菏泽】29.—Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing? ‎ ‎ — ____ ! He learned singing by himself?‎ ‎ A.Everybody B.Somebody C. Nobody ‎【中考真题训练2】指物的不定代词 ‎ ‎【2015江苏南京】5.—What would you like to drink?‎ ‎ —I’m very thirsty. ___ you can get. Just get it now.‎ ‎ A.Anything B.Something C.Nothing D.Other things ‎【2015湖南长沙】22. There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.‎ ‎ A. anything            B. something         C. nothing ‎【2014南京2】I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldn’t find ___ suitable.‎ ‎ A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ‎ ‎【2015湖南郴州】25. — Is there_________ in today’s newspaper?‎ ‎ — Yes. A terrible accident happened in Hubei.‎ ‎ A. special something B. anything special C. something special ‎【2014河南】At present, children mean _______ to most parents in China.‎ ‎ A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something ‎【2015江苏盐城】8.—Wow, so many new buildings! But it used to be a poor village. ‎ ‎ —Yes, ___ has changed in our hometown. ‎ ‎ A. Nothing B. Nobody C. Everything D. Everybody ‎【2015重庆B卷】38.I always believe that ___ is difficult if we try our best to do it.‎ ‎ A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing ‎【2015江苏南通】9.—Smoking brings me a lot of ideas. ‎ ‎ —Stop that! After all, ____ is more important than health.‎ ‎ A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything ‎【2015吉林长春】12.I bought ___for my mother on Mother’s Day this year.‎ ‎ A.special anything B.anything special ‎ ‎ C.special something D.something special ‎【2015贵州铜仁】26.—Come here, I’ll tell you ___________ about your study. ‎ ‎ — OK, we’re coming.‎ ‎ A.anything important B. something important ‎ C. important anything D. important something ‎ ‎【2015湖北恩施】25.—Madam, do you want anything else? —No, I need ____.‎ ‎ A.anything more B.nothing more C.something more ‎【2015吉林中考】27.there is ____ interesting in today’s newspaper , you don’t need to read it.‎ ‎ A.something B.nothing C.anything ‎【2015江苏宿迁】3.—I’d like some more apple juice. —Sorry, there’s ____ left.‎ ‎ A.nothing B.none C.few D.a few ‎【2015山东烟台】23. When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say ___________.‎ ‎ A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything ‎【2015广西贵港】31.—What’s in your box? —There is ____ in it. It’s empty.‎ ‎ A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing ‎【2015江苏淮安】7.—Is there ___ in today’s newspaper? —Yes, quite a lot.‎ ‎ A.anything interesting B.something interesting ‎ ‎ C.interesting anything D.interesting something ‎【2015贵州黔西南】12.I’m busy now. I have ___ to do.‎ ‎ A.anything important B.something important ‎ ‎ C.important anything D.important something 考点五：指示代词 ‎1.指示代词定义：用来指代或标记人或事物的代词。‎ ‎2.指示代词的形式：‎ 单数 复数 强调 this (这个)‎ these (这些)‎ 近处 that (那个)‎ those (那些)‎ 远处 ‎3.指示代词的用法：‎ ‎1.指示代词起指示作用，既可指物也可指人，在句中可做主语、表语、宾语或相当于形容词来充当定语 ‎ This is my friend Bill. He is good at playing basketball. ‎ ‎ Those are my teachers.那是我的老师们。(做主语)‎ ‎2.this 和 these 指在时间或空间上较近的人或物，也可指代下文将要提到的人或物 ‎ This is a pen and that is an eraser.‎ ‎3.that 和 those 指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物；也可指代上文提到的事物，以避免重复，多用于比较级的句子中。‎ ‎ The weather in Beijing is different from that in London. ‎ ‎3.打电话，询问对方或介绍自己的身份时，常用 this 指代自己“我”，用 that 指代对方“你”‎ ‎ —Hello, who's that？你好，你是哪位？‎ ‎ —This is Jenny speaking.我是珍妮 ‎4.表示比较时用that代指前文出现的不可数名词；可数名词复数用those代指。‎ ‎ The weather in this area is much colder than that in Kunming in winter. ‎ ‎ 这个地区在冬季比昆明冷得多。‎ ‎【2014呼和浩特1] — The cars made in Germany are more expensive than ___made in Japan.‎ ‎ — Yes, you are right. But they’re much better.‎ ‎ A. those B. that C. ones D. it ‎【解析】it 是人称代词 代替物，动物，门外的人，也可作形式主语和宾语；ones泛指任何同名不同物的事物；that是指示代词，指远处的事物，电话中的对方，为避免重复代替前面的可数名词单数和不可数名词；those那些，句意：德国制造的汽车比日本制造的汽车贵得多。 是的，你说得对。但是它们好多了。英语比较级句式中常用that或those代替与前文重复的内容。本句指代the cars 故用复数形式。选A.‎ ‎5在疑问句中，如果句子主句是this, that, these或those, 回答时用it代替this或that,‎ ‎ 用they代替these或those。‎ ‎—Is this/ that your car?这/那是你的汽车吗？ —Yes, it is.是的，它是。‎ ‎【2014呼和浩特1]—The cars made in Germany are more expensive than __ made in Japan.‎ ‎ —Yes, you are right．But they’re much better.‎ ‎ A. those B. that C. ones D. It ‎6.it/one/that辨析：‎ 代词 ‎ 用法 例句 ‎ it 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物,‎ 用于指代可数名词 I have an interesting book, I bought it two weeks ago.‎ one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不是同一个 相当于“a+可数名词单数”‎ ‎ I lost my old watch, I want to buy a new one.‎ ‎ that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in ‎ Shenzhen.北京的天气比深圳的冷。‎ ‎【中考真题训练】‎ ‎【2014河北2】Do you have toys? I’d like to buy ______ for my cousin. ‎ ‎ A. it B. one C. this D. that ‎ ‎【2014浙江嘉兴2】I’m looking for a bank, but I can’t find _______. ‎ ‎ A. it B. one C. this D. that ‎【2015福建泉州】23.Oh, you want a pen? OK, I’ll get ___ for you.‎ ‎ A.it B.one C.them ‎【2015辽宁丹东】28. I bought a smartphone(智能手机) yesterday, and it works well, would ‎ ‎ you like to buy ________ like this?‎ ‎ A. it B. this C. one D. That ‎【2015福建龙岩】40.The skirt looks nice on you.Where did you buy____?‎ ‎ A.it Ｂ.one C.that ‎ 【2015广西南宁】27.—What’s your QQ number? ‎ ‎ —______ is 355994127.‎ ‎ A.I B.He C.It D.She ‎【2015克拉玛依】8. All of us find _ necessary to take exercise every day.‎ ‎ A. this B. that C. them D. it ‎【2015湖南永州】29._____ is very dangerous to swim alone in the river.‎ ‎ A.it B.This C.That ‎【2015江苏常州】1. Your home town is really nice!The air quality is as good as______of Sanya.‎ ‎ A. it B. one C. that D. the one 考点六 疑问代词 疑问代词定义：指用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫做不定代词。‎ ‎ 疑问代词有主格、宾格和所有格之分。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句句中，一 ‎ 般放在句首，并充当句子成分。‎ 常见的疑问代词 疑问代词 用法 例句 指人 who ‎“谁”，询问姓名、关系等，做主语、表语(口语中可做宾语但不能放于介词后)‎ Who   wants   to   go there ？‎ Who are you talking to?‎ whom who 的宾格，做宾语(动词或 介词宾语)‎ Whom are you waiting for?‎ whose 问所属关系，“谁的”，who 的所有格形 式，做主语、表语、宾语和定语 Whose book is this？‎ 这是谁的书？‎ 指物 what 询问职业、地位等，所指的事物无范围限制，可做主语、宾语、表语、定语 What   is   your father ?‎ 既可指人也可指物 which ‎“哪一个”，所指的对象范围明确，可做主语、宾语、表语、定语 Which movie  do  you   like best？‎ ‎【考点训练】‎ ‎ ①— _____is he? —He is PSY. He sang the song Gangnan Style（《江南Style》）.‎ ‎ A. Who B. How C. What D. Which ‎ ② —_____are you going to do this weekend?‎ ‎ —I will go swimming with my friends.‎ ‎ A. Which B. What C. Whose D. When 考点七 it 的特殊用法 ‎1．用作人称代词，指代事物。‎ ‎ —What's this? 这是什么？—It's a cat.它是一只猫。‎ ‎2．指代人：常用于不知对方性别时。如：‎ ‎ —Who's it knocking? 是谁在敲门？—It's Jim.是吉姆。‎ ‎3.用作非人称代词：指自然现象、时间、季节或距离等，此时的 it 无意义。‎ ‎ It's very cold in spring in the northern China.‎ 4. 用作替代词：it 可做形式主语、形式宾语，可代替不定式、动名词或从句。做形式宾语时，‎ ‎ 常放在 think, find, make,consider 等动词之后。‎ ‎①it用作形式主语， 常用于下列句型中：‎ ‎ ◆ It’s + adj.（for/of sb.）+ to do sth.对某人来说做某事…… 。‎ ‎ It’s important for us to work hard.对我们来说努力工作是重要的。‎ ‎【注】it 作形式主语 的重要句型It’s + adj.（for/of sb.）+ to do sth.中，介词of和for 有区别。Of 用于指人的性格、特征等，for表示对象，意为“对......来说”。Of 前面的形容词修饰后面的Sb,for前面的形容词修饰后面to do不定式部分。‎ ‎ It is kind of you to help me learn English.(kind修饰you)‎ ‎ It is easy for me to work out the problem.(easy修饰work out)‎ ‎ ②it作形式宾语。‎ 用来代替动词不定式. make/ think /feel/find + it + adj. (名词)+ to do sth. ‎ ‎ Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line?你认为学会排队是必要的吗？‎ ‎5.常见的由 it 引导的固定句式有 ‎ ‎(1)It's time for sb.to do sth./ It's time for sth. ‎ ‎ 到 (某人) 该干……的时间了到……的时候了。‎ ‎ It's time for supper/to have supper.该吃晚饭了 ‎(2)It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.( 某人) 花……时间做某事 ‎ It took me a week to finish reading the book.‎ ‎(3)It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了 ‎ It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到你值日了。‎ ‎(4)It seems that ...……看起来……。‎ ‎ It seemed that our team was going to win. ‎ ‎(5) It’s + adj. + that从句 做某事……‎ ‎ It is necessary that we students do some reading every day.我们学生每天读书是必要的。‎ ‎【中考真题训练】‎ ‎【2015山东菏泽】22.When we get to the park yesterday. _____ started raining.‎ ‎ A.that B.it C. This ‎【2015黑龙江黑河】5.I found ____ not very easy ___ to ride a bike.‎ ‎ A.that; learn B.it; to learn C.that ; to learn 专题巩固练习　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(　　)1.—________ is your father?‎ ‎ — A bank clerk.He works in a bank near my home.(2012年滨州)‎ ‎ A．Where B．How C．What D．Which ‎(　　)2.—Wow! How beautiful! ________ flowers are these?‎ ‎ —Today is Mother's Day.They are for ________， Mum.(2012年泰州)‎ ‎ A.Which; you B．Which; yours C．Whose; yours D．Whose; you ‎(　　)3.As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than ___ who ‎ don't.(2012年包头)‎ ‎ A．those B．that C．these D．them ‎(　　)4.________ went hiking last weekend because of the bad weather.(2012年滨州)‎ ‎ A．Someone B．No one C．Everyone D．Nothing ‎(　　)5.It is a good habit of ________ to read a few lines before going to bed.(2013年河北)‎ ‎ A．I B．me C．my D．mine ‎(　　)6.You don't have a drink.Can I get you ________？(2013年河北)‎ ‎ A.something B．anything C.nothing D．everything ‎(　　)7.—Tom, supper is ready.‎ ‎ —I don't want to eat________， Mum.I'm not feeling well.(2013年北京)‎ ‎ A．everything B．nothing C.something D．anything ‎(　　)8.—________ is that man over there? —He's my uncle.(2013年南充)‎ ‎ A．What B．Who C．Whose ‎(　　)9.—Is this ________ ruler? —No.________ is over there.(2014年黔西南)‎ ‎ A．her; Her B．her; Hers C．hers; Hers D．hers; Her ‎(　　)10.—________ are you going to buy for your father for Father's Day?‎ ‎ —A Tshirt.(2014年德州)‎ ‎ A．What B．When C．Where D．How ‎(　　)11.I can't find my ticket.I think I must have lost ________.(2014年杭州)‎ ‎ A．it B．one C．this D．them ‎(　　)12.—The cars made in Germany are more expensive than ________ made in Japan.‎ ‎ —Yes, you are right.But they're much better.(2014年呼和浩特)‎ ‎ A．those B．that C．ones D．it ‎(　　)13.—Which jacket do you prefer, this one or that one?‎ ‎ —________ is OK.I don't care too much.(2014年威海)‎ ‎ A．Both B．Either C．Neither D．All ‎(　　)14.At present, children mean ________ to most parents in China.(2014年河南)‎ ‎ A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something ‎(　　)15.—Which of the two magazines will you take?‎ ‎ —I'll take ____ though I find ____ of them are very useful to me.(2014年黄冈)‎ ‎ A．all; both B．either; either C．either; neither D．either; both ‎(　 )16.In our school, ___ students like English, but ___ of them can speak English ‎ ‎ smoothly.(2014年铜仁) ‎ ‎ A．a little; a few B．a few; few C．a few; little D．a little; few ‎(　　)17.—Is ________ here? —No.Kate is ill in hospital.(2014年厦门)‎ ‎ A．someone B．anyone C．everyone ‎(　　)18.When we got to the park yesterday, ________ started raining.(2015年菏泽)‎ ‎ A．that B．it C．this ‎(　　)19.—Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing?‎ ‎ —_____！ He learned singing by himself.(2015年菏泽)‎ ‎ A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody ‎(　　)20.—What would you like to drink?‎ ‎ —I'm very thirsty.________ you can get.Just get it now.(2015年南京)‎ ‎ A．Anything B．Something C．Nothing D．Other things ‎(　　)21.Unfortunately, I was sitting at the table with smokers on ___ side of me.(2015年杭州)‎ ‎ A．either B．both C．other D．all ‎(　　)22.—Which would you like, a cup of tea, a cup of coffee or a glass of milk?‎ ‎ —________.I think I'll just have a glass of water.(2015年阜康、米泉)‎ ‎ A．Both B．Neither C．None D．Either ‎(　　)23.—Would you like some more noodles, Celia?‎ ‎ —Yes, just ________， please.(2015年资阳)‎ ‎ A．a few B．few C．a little D．little ‎(　　)24.The exchange student from Australia is a friend of ____.She enjoyed ____ at the Art ‎ ‎ Festival held in Beijing yesterday.(2015年随州)‎ ‎ A．me; herself B．mine; hers C．mine; herself D．me; hers ‎(　　)25.Our teacher was very happy because ________ failed the examination.(2015年江西)‎ ‎ A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody ‎(　　)26.Mr.Wu teaches ________ English.We all like ________.(2015年泰州)‎ ‎ A．our; him B．us; him C．us; her D．our; her ‎(　　)27.There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.(2015年长沙)‎ ‎ A．anything B．something C．nothing ‎(　　)28.Your hometown is really nice! The air quality is as good as __ of Sanya.(2015年常州)‎ ‎ A．it B．one C．that D．the one ‎(　　)29.—The East Lake is not far from the Yellow Crane Tower, so you can easily visit ‎ ‎ ________ in a day.‎ ‎ —Fantastic! I can't wait for it.(2015年武汉)‎ ‎ A．none B．both C．all D．either ‎(　　)30.—Do you know ________ this iPhone 5 belongs to?‎ ‎ —Let me see. Oh, it's ________.(2015年鄂州)‎ ‎ A．whose; her B．whose; hers C．who; her D．who; hers ‎(　　)31.—I'd like some more apple juice.‎ ‎ —Sorry, there's ________ left.(2015年宿迁)‎ ‎ A．nothing B．none C．few D．a few ‎(　　)32.Bob hurt ________ in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon.(2015年贵阳)‎ ‎ A．myself B．himself C．herself ‎(　　)33.—Welcome to Dream Music Club. Can you play the violin or the piano?‎ ‎ —________.But I can play the guitar.(2015年厦门)‎ ‎ A．Either B．Both C．Neither ‎(　　)34.The room is empty. I can't find ________ in it.(2015年绥化)‎ ‎ A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody ‎(　　)35.—Are these your cards?‎ ‎ —No, ________ are over there. I like ________ very much.(2015年营口)‎ ‎ A．my; them B．mine; they C．mine; them D．my; they ‎(　　)36.—Can you speak Chinese, Steve?‎ ‎ —Yes, only ________.I have been in China for only one month.(2015年云南)‎ ‎ A．few B．a few C．little D．a little ‎(　　)37.I found ________ not very easy ________ to ride a bike.(2015年齐齐哈尔)‎ ‎ A．that; learn B．it; to learn C．that; to learn ‎(　　)38.I bought a smart phone (智能手机) yesterday, and it works well, would you like to buy ‎ ‎ ________ like this? (2015年丹东)‎ ‎ A．it B．this C．one D．that ‎(　　)39.The answer is wrong. There are ________ mistakes.(2015年张家界)‎ ‎ A．some B．no C．much ‎(　　)40.—Have you watched the TV report about MERS?‎ ‎ —Yes, it's ________ new dangerous disease (疾病)．(2015年宜昌)‎ ‎ A．the other B．another C．others D．other ‎(　　)41.—Is there ________ in today's newspaper? ‎ ‎ —Yes, quite a lot.(2015年淮安)‎ ‎ A．anything interesting B．something interesting　‎ ‎ C．interesting anything D．interesting something ‎(　　)42.Jane looked carefully at ________ in the mirror before going outside.(2015年沈阳)‎ ‎ A．her B．him C．herself D．himself ‎(　　)43.—What's your QQ number? —________ is 355994127.(2015年南宁)‎ ‎ A．I B．He C．It D．She ‎(　　)44.—________ will you ask for help when you get into trouble?‎ ‎ —My parents, I think.(2015年海南)‎ ‎ A．Who B．What C．Where ‎(　　)45.—________ father took part in the charity activity in the neighbourhood yesterday?‎ ‎ —Peter's.(2015年上海)‎ ‎ A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who ‎(　　)46.—Do you know Lily and Lucy?‎ ‎ —Yes, but the twins look so similar that I always mistake the one for __.(2015年营口)‎ ‎ A．the other B．the others C．another D．other ‎(　　)47.Excuse me, may ________ use your dictionary? ________ is lost.(2015年茂名)‎ ‎ A．I; Mine B．I; My C．my; Mine ‎(　　)48.—________ Tshirt is this? —I think it's Tom's.(2015年北京)‎ ‎ A．Whose B．Which C．What D．Who ‎(　　)49.—________ do you like better, Where Are We Going, Dad or Running Man?‎ ‎ —I prefer Running Man because it is really interesting.(2015年原创)‎ ‎ A．What B．Whom C．Which D．Who ‎(　　)50.—________ is the naughty boy playing with? —With Wang Bing.(2015年原创)‎ ‎ A．Whose B．Whom C．What D．Which