中考考点结合新目标教材总结 31页

‎2011年中考考点 初中语法总结之一 七年级上册（Unit 1-----Unit 12）‎ 一．重点短语 ‎1.in English 2.what color 3.first name 4.last / family name 5.ID card 6.telephone number 7.pencil case 8.pencil sharpener 9.computer games 10.lost and found 11.a set of 12.a phone of 13.under the table 14.on the sofa 15.on the dresser 16.in the drawer 17.math book 18.video tape 19.alarm clock 20.take…to 21.bring …to 22.tennis racket 23.play ping-pong /soccer /volleyball 24.sports collection 25.baseball bat 26.watch TV 27.play sports 28.on TV 29. basketball game 30.French fried 31.ice cream 32.running star 33.lots of /a lot of ‎ ‎34.for breakfast/lunch/dinner 35.at a very good price 36.in red /green 37.for oneself 38.have a look at /look at 39.on sale 40.date of birth 41.English speech contest 42.school trip 43.birthday party 44.school day 45.Art/Music Festival 46.English party 47.go to a movie 48.action movie 49.see a comedy 50.learn about 51.on weekends 52.in the movie 53.play chess 54.play the guitar /piano /drums 55.join the music club 56.rock band 57.be in /join ‎ ‎58.be good with sb. 59.go to school 60.getup 61.eat /have breakfast /lunch /dinner 62.brush one’s teeth 63.have/take a shower 64.go to work 65.after breakfast 66.take the number 17 bus 67.all night 68.get home 69.listen to 70.go to bed 71.in the morning/afternoon/evening 72.do one’s homework 73.my favorite subject 74.speakEnglish 75.be busy doing sth /be busy with sth 76.have math 77.after class 78. play with 79.call sb at….‎ 二.考点归纳 考点1.Thanks for doing sth ‎ ‎ Eg . Thanks for having us .‎ 考点2.Here is / are …‎ ‎ Eg .Here is a letter for you ‎ Here are some frowers for you .‎ 考点3.take /bring ‎ take 带/拿走, 把sb./sth.从说话处带到别处 bring 带来/拿来 ,把sb./sth.从别处带到说话处 eg .The food is bad ,please take it away .‎ Please bring your homework here tomorrow .‎ 考点4.have 用法 ‎1).肯定句: Sb/Sth +have/has/had +….‎ ‎2).否定句: Sb/Sth +don’t /doesn’t /didn’t +have …‎ ‎3).疑问句: Do/Does/Did +sb/sth +have +…?‎ ‎ 回答: Yes, sb +do /does /did ‎ ‎ No, sb +don’t /doesn’t /didn’t ‎ 考点5.Let’s + do sth ‎ ‎ ‎ 考点6.like 的用法 ‎1) like sth ‎ ‎2)like to do sth /like doing sth ‎ ‎3)like sb to do sth ‎ 考点7.询问价格 How much +be +sth ? = What’s the price of sth?‎ 考点8.Can I help you ? = What can I do for you ?‎ 考点9.I’ll take it = I’ll buy it ‎ 考点10.price 作名词, “价格,价钱” 以 …价格, 用介词 at .‎ at a low /high price 以低/高价…‎ 考点11.aslo /too / either ‎ ‎1)also /too 表示 “也” 用于肯定句 ,aslo 用于句中, too 用于句末.‎ ‎2)either 用于否定句的句末.‎ 考点12.询问sb 的生日是什么时候?‎ When is one’s birthday ? It’s ….‎ 考点13.want 用法 ‎1)want sth ‎ ‎2)want to do sth = would like to do sth = feel like doing sth ‎ ‎3)want sb to do sth ‎ 考点14.and / or /but 区别 ‎1)and /or 表示 “并列”用法区别 and 表示 “并列”用于肯定句, 否定句或疑问句用or ‎ 注:在否定句中并列成分用or 连接,若用and则重复使用前面的否定词.‎ Eg .I don’t like white or black .‎ ‎ I have no books and no pens.‎ ‎2).and /but ‎ and 表 “并列” 而but 表 “转折”‎ 考点15.think 用法 ‎ Sb +think +主语+谓语 注: 否定前移 考点16.play 的用法 ‎1)play 与乐器连用,乐器前一定加定冠词the ‎ ‎2)play 与球类活动搭配.球类活动前不加冠词 ‎3)play with … 与……玩/玩耍 考点17.Can you +动词原形 ? 回答: Yes, I can / No ,I can’t .‎ 考点18.句型: May I know / have your name ?‎ 考点19.同义句: What’s your favorite subject ?= What subject do you like best ?‎ 考点20.同义句: take a bus to … = go to …by bus .‎ 考点21.询问职业:‎ ‎1)What do /does sb do ?‎ ‎2)What’s one’s job ?‎ ‎3)What + be +sb ?‎ 考点22.询问爱好:‎ What +be +one’s +hobby/hobbies ?‎ 考点23.help 的用法 ‎1) help sb with sth ‎ ‎2)help sb do /to do sth ‎ ‎3)help do sth ‎ ‎4) can’t help doing sth ‎ 考点24.what time /when ‎ ‎1) what time 常用来问钟点 ‎2)when 既可以问钟点(这时what time =when ),也可问日期,月份,年份,…..ago. (这时what time ≠when )‎ 考点25.How many/How much 的区别 ‎1)How many +名词的复数+一般疑问句?‎ ‎2)How much +不可数名词+一般疑问句?‎ ‎3) How much +be + 名词? 询问价格 考点26.listen / hear/hear about 的区别 ‎1)listen to “听……” 指努力地听…… 强调 “听”的过程.‎ ‎2)hear 听到/见 ,强调 “听”的结果 ‎3)hear about /of 听说, 强调间接地听到 考点27.look /wacth /see/read 的区别 ‎1)look “看” 指看一看,不管结果如何,强调看的动作,后接宾语时常代at ‎2)watch “看,观看” 特别留意……, 感兴趣地看运动着的东西.‎ ‎3)see “看到/见” 强调看的结果,有意或无意地看到, 无进行时.‎ ‎4)read “看书籍之类”‎ 考点28.Excuse me /sorry 的区别 ‎1)Excuse me 常用来事前请别人帮忙,或会打扰别人的情况.‎ ‎2)Sorry /I’m sorry “对不起,抱歉”,一般用于事后对所犯错误或不能满足对方的要求等表示歉意.‎ 七年级下册（Unit 1—Unit6）‎ 一．重点短语 ‎1.be from/come from 2.live in 3.write to 4.post office 5.pay phone 6.across from ‎ ‎7.next to 8.in front of 9.on the right/left 10.talk a walk 11.have fun doing sth ‎ ‎12.between…and 13.go straight 14.turn left/right 15.welcome to … 16.a little ‎ ‎17.the beginning of 18.next Sunday 19.the way to 20.on one’s right /left 21.go through 22.have a good trip 23.go down… 24.at night 25.be friendly to sb 26.play with ‎ ‎27.be quiet/keep quiet 28.want to be 29.bank clerk 30.shop assistant 31.give sb sth =‎ give sth to sb 32.get…from…33.in the day 34.talk to /with 35.be interested in 36.work hard 37.children of 5—12 38.talk on the phone 39.wait for sb/sth 40.at school 41.at home 42.some…others..43.take a photo/ take photos 44.go out to dinner 45.have a good time 46.at the pool 二.考点归纳 考点1.come from = be from ‎ 注: Where do /does sb come from ? =Where be sb from ?‎ 考点2.询问说什么语言 ‎ What language do /does sb speak ? ‎ ‎ Sb speak(s) …‎ 考点3.dislike = not like = hate ‎ 考点4. There be 句型归纳 There be 句型 ‎1). 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。‎ ‎2). 结构：‎ ‎(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.‎ ‎(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. ‎ ‎ 注：谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。‎ eg. ① There_____(be) a bird in the tree. ‎ ‎② There______(be) a teacher and many students in our classroom. ‎ ‎③ There______(be) two boys and a girl under the tree. ‎ ‎3). There be句型与have的区别：‎ ‎(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。 eg.‎ ‎ ①He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。‎ ‎ ②There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。‎ ‎(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。‎ eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。‎ ‎4)There be 的句型转换 a).否定句 : There be +not +名词+地点 注意：not和no的区别：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。 ‎ There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. ‎ b）一般疑问句 Be +there +名词+地点？‎ 注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。 ‎ There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars? ‎ There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water? ‎ c).特殊疑问句 ‎ There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： ‎ ‎① 对主语提问：‎ 当主语是人时， "Who's+介词短语? 当主语是物时， "What's + 介词短语?‎ 注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： ‎ There are many things over there. →What's over there? ‎ There is a little girl in the room.→ Who is in the room? ‎ ‎② 对地点状语提问： Where is / are+主语? ‎ There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? ‎ There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children? ‎ ‎③ 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： ‎ How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ ‎ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？‎ 考点5.with 表伴随 ‎1)with + sth ‎ ‎2)with +sth + adj ‎ ‎3)with +sth +介词短语 考点6.arrive to(in) /get to /reach 的区别 ‎1)arrive in +大地点/ arrive at +小地点= get to … = reach +…‎ ‎2)若地点为地点副词时,则省掉介词in/ at /to ‎ ‎3)若后面没有地点时,只能用arrive ‎ 考点7.let 的用法 ‎1)Let’s +动词原形.‎ ‎2)Let +sb + 动词原形 ‎3)否定形式: Don’t let sb do sth / Let sb not do sth ‎ ‎4)Let’s not do sth ‎ ‎5)反意疑问句: a) Let’s ….. , shall we ? b) Let us ….. , will you ?‎ 考点8.other /else 的区别 ‎1)other 放在名词之前 ‎2)else 放在不定代词/疑问词之后 ‎3)else 的所有格 else’s 考点9.across/through /over 的区别 ‎1)across “横穿,穿过”(着重强调从一个物体表面的一面到另一面)‎ ‎2)through “穿过” 从物体的内部空间穿过 ‎3)over “跨越/越过” 从物体上方越过,不与物体表面接触.‎ 考点10.询问天气：‎ ‎ How is the weather …?= What’s the weather like …?‎ 考点11.as 作介词. “作为”讲 ‎ He works as a teacher .‎ ‎ ‎ 七年级下册（Unit 7—Unit12）‎ 一．重点短语 ‎1.look like 2.medium build 3.curly hair 4.medium height 5.the captain of 6.tell jokes ‎7.have a new look 8.go shopping 9.what size 10.orange juice 11.green tea ‎ ‎12.do some reading 13.study for the text 14.have a party 15.clean the room 16.cook sb sth = cook sth for sb 17.talk show 18.look for 19.a little bit 20.go on vacation ‎ ‎21.summer camp 22.walk back to 23.think of 24.in fact 25.the Great Wall ‎ ‎26.the Palace‎ ‎Museum 27.agree with 28.have to 29.sports shoes 30.Children’s Palace 31.no talking 32.show sb sth = show sth to sb 33.be in bed 34.by ten o’clock ‎ ‎35.make dinner 36.a thirteen-year-old boy ‎ 二.考点归纳 考点1.询问人的长相:‎ What does /do sb look like ? 回答用表示人的外貌或长相的词.‎ What does your aunt look like ? _______ .‎ ‎ A. She is tall with curly hair B.She is shy and quiet C.She likes doing chores ‎ 考点2.say /tell /speak /talk 的区别 ‎1).say :说/讲 着重说的内容,它的宾语只能是 “话” 不是人.‎ ‎2).tell :告诉某人某事. ‎ A) tell sb sth . B).tell sb about sb /sth ‎ ‎3).speak:表示讲何种语言/打电话中 eak to sb )‎ ‎4).talk: 交谈. talk to /with sb talk about sth ‎ ‎ How do you _____ this in English ?‎ ‎ I have something important to _______ you .‎ ‎ She can _______ three languages now .‎ ‎ He is ______ with his penpal now .‎ 考点3.stop 的用法.‎ ‎1)stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情 ‎2)stop to do sth 停下(正在做的事情)来做另一件事 ‎3)stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事 ‎4)can’t stop doing sth 情不自禁干某事 The students stopped ______(talk)when the teacher came to the classroom .‎ They are very tired ,but they didn’t want to stop ______ (rest ).‎ 考点4.remember 的用法 ‎1).remember to do sth记得将要干某事(事没做)‎ ‎2).remember doing sth .记得曾经做过某事(事已做)‎ 考点5.do /does /did 可作代替动词,代替上文的实义动词,以避免重复.‎ Who broke the window ? Tom _______.‎ Who often helps the old man ? He _______.‎ 考点6.would like 的用法:‎ ‎1).would like sth .‎ ‎2).would like to do sth ‎ ‎3).would like sb to do sth ‎ ‎4).Would you like sth ? 的回答: Yes ,please / No ,thanks .‎ ‎5).Would you like to do sth ?的回答:‎ Yes ,I’d love to / I’d love to , but … .‎ 考点7.spend 的用法:‎ 句型:Sb + time /money +(in) doing sth ‎ ‎ Sb +time/money + on sth ‎ She spent two hours ______(read )a story .‎ 考点8. do some /the + v-ing 做某事 do some shopping do some cleaning do some washing ‎ 考点9.What about 的用法 ‎1).What about doing sth ?‎ ‎2).How about /What about doing sth ?= Why not do sth ?‎ 考点10.句型: How +be +….? 怎么样? 于What +be +……+like ?‎ What was your weekend like ? = ___ was your weekend ?‎ 考点11.watch 的用法:‎ ‎1).watch sb do sth 观看某人做了某事 ‎2).watch sb doing sth 观看某人正在干某事 ‎ The teacher is watching them ______ (play ) football.‎ ‎ I often watch her ______(play )football.‎ 考点12.It’s time 的用法 ‎1)It’s time for sth 该到某事的时间了 ‎2)It’s time to do sth该到干某事的时间了 ‎3)It’s time for sb to do sth该到某人干某事的时间了 考点13.have fun doing sth 很高兴干某事 We had great fun _______(play) in the water .‎ 考点14.find 的用法:‎ ‎1).find sb +adj 发现某人怎么样 ‎2).find sb + 名词 发现某人是……‎ ‎3).find sb doing sth 发现某人正在干某事 ‎4).find it +adj+ to do sth 发现干某事怎么样 ‎5).find +that 从句 发现……‎ He found it was hard to work out the math problem .=‎ He found____hard ____ work out the math problem 考点15.make 的用法 ‎1).make sb do sth 使某人干某事 ‎2).make sb +adj 使某人怎么样 ‎3).make sb +名词 使某人成为……‎ ‎4).make +oneself +过去分词 使自己被干某事 ‎5).be made to do sth 被迫干某事 That made me _______(feel) very happy.‎ His words made me _______(sadly).‎ He raised his voice to make himself _______ (hear).‎ 考点16.句型 ‎1)don’t have any money for sth .没有钱干某事 ‎2)don’t have enough money to do sth = ‎ can’t afford to do sth 没有足够多钱干某事 I didn’t have any money for a taxi.‎ I don’t have enough money to buy a car.= I can’t ______ ______ buy a car.‎ 考点17.decide的用法 ‎1)同义词组:decide to do sth= make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth ‎ 决定干某事 ‎2)decide not to do sth ‎ 考点18.同义句:‎ What do you think of ….? = ‎ How do you like …..?‎ 考点19.can’t stand 的用法 ‎1).can’t stand sth /sb 不能忍受某事/某人 ‎2).can’t stand doing sth 不能忍受干某事 考点20.mind的用法 ‎1).mind doing sth 介意干某事 ‎2)mind one’s doing sth 介意某人干某事 ‎3)句型:Would you mind …?的回答:‎ ‎ 不介意: No,please / certainly not / of course not / Not at all ‎ ‎ 介意: I’m sorry ,but I do / Yes, I do mind / Better not .‎ Would you mind my _______(close )the door ?‎ 考点21. enjoy doing sth ‎ ‎ ‎ 考点22.too many/ too much /much too ‎1)too many + 复数名词 ‎2)too much + 不可数名词 ‎3)much too + 形容词或副词 考点23.must/ have to 的区别 ‎1)must 表示说话人的主观看法,没有时态,人称变化 ‎2)have to 表示客观方面的必须,外界迫使某人不得不做某事. 有人称和时态的变化.‎ ‎3)must的否定句mustn’t 不容许,禁止 ‎4)have to 的否定句 don’t /doesn’t /didn’t +have to 不必须 = needn’t ‎ You needn’t come early = You don’t _____ _____ come early . ‎ 结合2011年中考考点 初中语法总结之二 八年级上 Unit1—Unit3‎ 一．重点短语：‎ ‎1.on weekends 2.on weekdays 3.as for 4.my eating habits 5.have a healthy lifestyle ‎ ‎6.the same as 7.the result of 8.junk food 9.get good grades 10.see a dentist 11.have a healthy habit 12.be stressed out 3.a balanced diet 14.for example 15.at the moment 16.be sorry to do sth 17.go bike riding 18.take walks=go for walk 9.take a vacation ‎ ‎20.plan to do sth 21.western country 22.take sth with sb 23.depend on 24.host family 25.hardly ever 6.ask sb about sth 27.get back to school 8.a balance of 29.kind of ‎ 二．考点归纳：‎ 考点1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事 ‎ His father wants him_____(become )an actor.‎ 考点2.try 的用法:‎ ‎1).try to do sth 尽力干某事 ‎ He tries ______(eat) lots of vegetables and fruit every day .‎ ‎2).try not to do sth 尽力不干某事 ‎ We try______(not let) my teacher down.‎ ‎3).try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力干某事 ‎ We should try our best ______ (study) all subjects.‎ ‎4)词组: try on 试穿 have a try 试一试 考点3.although 的用法:‎ ‎ although /though 引导让步状语从句，“即使，虽然”，不能与but 连用，但可与yet, still 连用。‎ 考点4.finish doing sth 结束干某事 ‎ I will finish______ (work )out the problem in ‎ another two minutes .‎ 考点5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事 ‎ I can’t wait _____(open)the TV when I get home .‎ 考点6.decide 的用法:‎ ‎1).decide to do sth 决定干某事 ‎2).decide not do sth 决定不干某事 ‎3).decide on doing sth 决定干某事 ‎4).同义词组:‎ ‎ make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth ‎ ‎ He has decided to leave for Wuhan .=‎ ‎ He has ______ a _____ to leave for Wuhan.‎=‎ ‎ He has ____up his_____ to leave for Wuhan.‎ 考点7.plan to do sth 计划干某事 ‎ She is planning ______(take )a vacation in Shanghai next month .‎ 考点8.think about doing sth 考虑干某事 ‎ He thought about ______(go ) to Beijing on vacation . ‎ 考点9.go + v-ing 的用法:‎ ‎ go fishing go boating go skating go shopping go hiking go skateboarding 考点10.句型: It’s + adj +for /of sb to do sth ‎ ‎ 同义句：‎ ‎1).It’s +adj +for sb +to do sth =‎ ‎ To do sth + be +adj ‎ ‎ 2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth =‎ ‎ Sb +be +adj + to do sth ‎ ‎ It is very friendly of you to help me .=‎ ‎ _____ _____ friendly to help me .‎ ‎ It’s very hard for you to work out the math problem .= ‎ ‎ ______ _____ out the math problem is very hard for you .‎ 八年级上 Unit4---Unit6‎ 一．重点短语：‎ ‎1.take the subway 2.all over/around the world .be different from 4.on the school bus ‎ ‎5.study for a test 6.go to the doctor=see a doctor 7.have a piano lesson 8.the day after tomorrow 9.keep quiet /be quiet 10.come over to 11.be free=have time 12.in some ways 13.look the same 14.in common 15.do the same things as sb.16.use sth to do sth 17.begin with 18.in one’s free time 19.the bus /‎ train /subway station 20.another time 21.means of transportation 22.all kinds of 23.depend on 24.go to concert 25.keep quiet ‎ ‎26.primary school ‎ 二．考点归纳：‎ 考点1.有关交通工具的同义句：‎ ‎1).take the train to … =go to …by train ‎ ‎ take the bus to …= go to …by bus ‎ ‎2).fly to … = go to … by plane /air ‎ ‎ walk to …. = go to …on foot ‎ ‎ ride a bike to … = go to …. by bike ‎ ‎ My uncle went to New York last week .‎ ‎ My uncle _____ _____ New York last week .‎ 考点2.有关花费时间的句型：‎ ‎1).It +takes +sb.+时间+to do sth ‎ ‎2).sb. +spend +时间+on sth (in doing sth ).‎ It took me half an hour to work it out .‎ I_____ half an hour ______ it out .‎ 考点3.表示两地相距有多远：‎ ‎ A +be +距离 +from +B = It’s +距离+from A+ to B.‎ It is five minutes’ walk from my home to school. = It ______ me five minutes to _____‎ to school .‎ 考点4.leave ,leave for , leave … for … ‎ ‎1).leave +地点 “离开某地”‎ ‎2).leave for +地点 “前往某地”=go to +某地 ‎3).leave +某地+for +某地 “离开某地前往某地”‎ Mr wang are going to Beijing tomorrow .=‎ Mr wang are _____ ______ Beijing tomorrow.‎ 考点5.all …not = not all “并非都” 部分否定 注：not 与all /both /every ….. 连用构成部分否定。‎ ‎ Not all birds can fly . = _____ birds can fly , some can’t .‎ 考点6.the number of / a number of ‎ ‎1).a number of 许多 = a lot of /many ,‎ number 前可用large /small 来修饰，a large /‎ small number of ….. 作主语时，谓语用复数。‎ ‎2).the number of ….的数量, 作主语时，谓语用单数。‎ ‎ A large number of tourists ______(come )to ‎ Mountain Tai every year .‎ ‎ The number of the students in our class ____‎ ‎(be ) 60.‎ 考点7.sick / ill ‎ ‎ 1).ill 用在系动词之后作表语。‎ ‎ 2).sick 既可以放在系动词之后作表语也可放在名词之前作定语。‎ ‎ She was _______ because of hard work .‎ ‎ The _____ boy coughed terribly .‎ 考点8.表示客气地请求某人干某事 ‎ 1). Would you like to do sth ? ‎ ‎ 2).Could you please do sth ? ‎ ‎ 3).Will /Would you please do sth ?‎ ‎ 4).Can you do sth ? ‎ 考点9.be busy ‎ ‎ 1). be busy with sth .忙于某事 ‎ 2).be busy doing sth 忙于干某事 ‎ 3).be busy 的反义词组 be free / have time ‎ ‎ I am busy tomorrow .= I _____ _____ = I ______ ______ time .‎ 考点10.whole / all ‎ ‎1).whole 一般置于冠词，物主代词或其他限定词之后， all 位于限定词之前。‎ ‎2).一般不修饰不可数名词，all 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎ He stayed at home all the afternoon .=‎ ‎ He stayed at home ______ _____ afternoon.‎ 考点11.however / but ‎ ‎ however “然而，可是”用于句首或句中，须用逗号隔开。而but 不用逗号隔开。‎ ‎ He is very busy ,_____, he always helps me .‎ ‎ A. and B. / C.but D. however ‎ 考点12.most of / most ‎ ‎1).most of the +复数名词 “…..中的大多数”‎ ‎2).most +复数名词 “大多数的…….”‎ ‎ _____ the students are clever .‎ ‎ ______students are clever.‎ 考点13.beat / win /lose ‎1).beat:打败 后面接打败的人或对象 beat sb ‎ ‎2).win:赢 后面接比赛的项目（race , game , match , prize …..）‎ ‎3).lose:输 lose to sb 输给某人lose sth 输了某物 Their team beat ours = Their team ______ the match . = Our team ______ _____ theirs.‎ 考点14.do you think 作为插入语 ‎1).位置：放在疑问词之后 ‎2).语序：后面的句子用陈述句语序。‎ ‎ Do you think ? Who is the man over there ?=‎ ‎_____ do you think the man _____ over there ?‎ 考点15.常见的不可数名词：‎ ‎ weather work food news advice information fun music paper ‎ ‎ ______ weather ! we are going to the park .‎ A. What a good B.What good C. How a good D. How good ‎ 考点16.afford ‎ ‎1).afford 常与情态动词can , can’t , could , couldn’t 连用 ‎2).afford 后面接名词或代词不定时。‎ ‎3).同义句：can’t afford to do sth = sb don’t /doesn’t have enough money to do sth .‎ ‎ The book is very expensive ,I can’t afford to buy it .= I don’t have _____ _____ to buy it .‎ 考点17.listen to /hear /sound ‎ ‎1).listen to …仔细倾听 强调听的过程 ‎2).hear … 听到、听见 强调听的结果 ‎3).sound …. 系动词 “听起来…….” 后面接形容词 而sound like +名词 ‎ I _______ her but could ______ nothing .‎ ‎ It ______ interesting .‎ 考点18.句型：not as ….as ‎ ‎1).not as… as 之间要用原级 ‎2).同义句：A + not as/so…as +B= ‎ ‎ A + 形容词的反义词的比较级 + than + B ‎= B + 形容词的比较级 + than +A Tom is not as tall as I =‎ Tom is _____ ______ I.‎ I am ______ _____ Tom .‎ This book is not as expensive as that one .=‎ This book is ______ ______ than that one .‎ That book is ______ ______ than this book .‎ ‎ ‎ 八年级（上） Unit7---Unit9‎ 一．重点短语：‎ ‎1.turn on/ off /up/ down 2.cut up 3.mix up4.pour…into… 5.add… to… 6.hang out 7.watch a dolphin show 8.at the end of 9.take a class/ have a class 10.sleep late 11.go for a drive 12.on my next off 13.in my opinion 14.in the future 15.free time 16.be born 17.ice skating18.a piece of music 19.win first prize 20.major in 21.one teaspoon of 22.a slice of 23.take a photo/photos 24.get one’s autograph 25.have a yard sale26.get wet 27.have a party 28.at the age of 29.because of 30.at the same time ‎ 二．考点归纳：‎ 考点1.finally 的同义词组：‎ finally = at last = in the end ‎ Finally he came up with an idea .=‎ ‎_____ _____ he came up with an idea .=‎ ‎_____ ____ _____ he came up with an idea.‎ 考点2.turn on / open 的区别：‎ ‎1.turn on ：指打开水流，煤气，电灯，电视，收音机等电器的开关。‎ ‎2.open：指关着的门，窗，箱子打开。‎ Please _____ the door.‎ The boy _____ the computer to play games last night .‎ 考点3.into/ in 的区别：‎ ‎1.into表示 “到……里面去”，进入到……某空间里。属于动态介词。‎ ‎2.in表示 “在……里面”，在某一空间或范围之内。属于静态介词。‎ There is nothing _____ the blender .‎ He put his books ______his backpack and left.‎ 考点4.too…to…的同义句：‎ too…to…= not…enough to … = so…that…‎ He is so young that he can’t go to school .=‎ He isn’t _____ ____ to go school .=‎ He is _____ young _____ go to school .‎ The box is too heavy for us to carry .‎ The box isn’t _____ _____ to carry =‎ The box is ____ heavy ____ we ____ carry it .‎ 考点5.called 的同义句： ‎ called = named = with the name (of)‎ Do you know the girl called Kate ?=‎ Do you know the girl ______Kate ?=‎ Do you know the girl _____ _____ _____ (of)‎ Kate ?‎ 考点6.see sb do sth 、see sb doing sth的区别 ‎1.see sb do sth :看见某人做了某事 ‎2.see sb doing sth .看见某人正在做某事 The teacher saw the students _______(read) English when he came in .‎ Look！Can you see the girl _____(dance) under the tree ?‎ 注：类似的动词有：hear ,watch ,notice 等。省to的不定式变被动语态时，需带上to ‎ I often notice him go home alone .------‎ He is noticed _____ _____ home alone.‎ 考点7.at the age of 的同义句：‎ at the age of = when sb was/ were ….‎ He began to learn English when he was four.=‎ He began to learn English ____ ____ ____ ______ four.‎ 考点8.take part in / join 的区别：‎ ‎1.take part in 表示参加某项活动，运动，事件等。着重强调以主人翁的姿态或在活动中负有责任而参加。‎ ‎2.join表示加入组织，团体，党派而成为其中一员。‎ 注：join sb in …. 表示“参与某人的活动之中”‎ He ______ the Party in 1987.‎ Can you come and _____us in the game ?‎ Twenty students from our class _________‎ the sports meeting last week.‎ 考点9.句型：‎ ‎ Sb +be the first /last one (person) +to do sth ‎ 某人是第一个或最后一个干某事 Women and children are the first _______（take）to safety .‎ 考点10.because / because of 的区别：‎ ‎1.because 后面接从句（除what 从句之外）。‎ ‎2.because of 后面接名词、代词、名词性短语、what从句。‎ He didn’t go to the party because he was ill.‎ He didn’t go to the party ____ _____ his ____.‎ She was very angry ______what you said .‎ A.because B.because of C./ D.with ‎ 考点11.keep的用法：‎ ‎1.keep +adj 表示保持某种状态 Keep ______ , The baby is sleeping .‎ ‎2.keep +sb/sth +adj 表示使某人保持某种状态 We must keep our classroom ______ .‎ ‎3.keep doing sth . 表示不间断地持续做某事或一直做某事。‎ It kept _______(rain) all night .‎ ‎4.keep on doing sth 表示反复做某事。‎ He kept on _______(make)the same mistakes.‎ ‎5.keep +sb +doing sth 表示让某人一直做某事。‎ He kept us _______ (wait )for an hour .‎ ‎6.keep +sb from +doing sth 表示阻止某人干某事。= stop sb (from )doing sth = prevend sb (from )doing sth .‎ Because of the heavy rain , we could go to school.= The heavy rain ______ us from ____‎ to school.‎ 考点12.visit 的用法：‎ ‎1.词性转换：visit -------visitor ‎ ‎ There are many _______(visit )in the park on May’s Day .‎ ‎2.词组1).be on a visit to +某地 = visit +某地 ‎ 2).one’s first visit to +某地 表示某人第一次参观某地 He is visiting China .= He is _____ _____ ______ to China.‎ This is my first visit to Beijing .‎ 注：travel to +某地 Have you traveled to Shanghai ?‎ 考点13.alive / living 的区别：‎ ‎1.alive指活的、现存的、有活力的。常作表语，也可放在名词或代词之后作后置定语。‎ ‎2.living指活着的、现行的、现存的。可作表语，也可放在名词前作定语。‎ He thinks he is the happiest man ______.‎ The ______people must remember the dead.‎ ‎ ‎ 八年级上 Unit10---Unit12‎ 一．重点短语：‎ ‎1.grow up 2.somewhere interesting 3.a year or two / one or two years ‎ ‎4.make money 5.save money 6.more than = over 7.play sports 8.keep fit ‎ ‎9.communicate with … 10.take out 11.do the dishes 12.do chores 13.do the laundry 14.make the bed 15.living room 16.get a ride = get sb a ride 17.go to a meeting = have a meeting 18.work on 19.take sb for a walk 20.close to / near to 21.in town /in the country /in the city 22.do a survey of 23.the price of ‎ ‎24.computer programmer25.take acting lesson ‎ ‎26.a part-time job 27.play an instrument28.make the soccer ream29.New Year’s resolution 30.sweep the froor31.fold your clothes 32.have a good quality clothes ‎ 二．考点归纳：‎ 考点1.exercise 的用法：‎ ‎1.作名词讲：1).作“运动、训练、锻炼”讲，为不可数名词。‎ ‎ 2).作“练习、习题、体操（常用复数形式）”讲，为可数名词。‎ You should take more ______ and drink more water.‎ We do morning ______ every day ,but we don’t do eye ______ .‎ ‎2.作动词讲：锻炼、运动 The old man always ________(exercise )every day.‎ 考点2.borrow/ lend /keep 的区别：‎ ‎1.borrow :对主语而言，表示“借进”‎ ‎ 词组：borrow sb sth = borrow sth from sb ‎ ‎2.lend: 对主语而言，表示“借出”‎ ‎ 词组：lend sb sth = lend sth to sb ‎ ‎3.keep: 借多长时间 ‎ 词组：keep +sth +for +一段时间 注：borrow / lend 的延续性动词是：keep ‎ May I _____ them _____ you ?=‎ Could you ______ them ______ me ?‎ How long can I ______ the book ?‎ A.lend B.borrow C.keep ‎ 考点3.ask的用法：‎ ‎1.ask sb for sth :向某人要某物 I often ask my teacher for help .‎ ‎2.ask sb about sth . 向某人询问某事。‎ May I ask you about the accident ?‎ ‎3.ask sb sth . 问某人某物 May I ask you some questions ?‎ ‎4.ask sb to do sth .叫某人干某事 ‎-----ask sb not do sth ‎ My father often asks me ______(not play)‎ computer games.‎ 考点4.price的用法：‎ ‎1.price的修饰词为high/ low.‎ ‎ 注：价格有高低，物品有贵贱，花费有多少。‎ The trousers are expensive .= The price of the trousers ______ ______ .= The trousers ______me ______.‎ ‎2.询问价格的句型：‎ ‎ What’s the price of …..?‎ ‎ How much is /are …..?‎ ‎ How much does it cost ?‎ 考点5.enough的用法：‎ ‎ enough修饰名词时,可置于名词前面或后面。修饰形容词或副词时，只可放在形容词或副词的后面。‎ I have enough money /money enough to buy the book.= I _____ ____ to buy the book.‎ He is so tall that he can reach the apple .‎ He is _____ _____ to reach the apple .‎ 考点6.英语中的惯用法：‎ 在英语中，时间、距离、钱作主语时，谓语动词用单数。‎ Three years _____(be)not a long time .‎ Three hundred yuan a night _____(be) expen- -sive.‎ 考点7.invite的用法：‎ ‎1.词性转换：invite----- 名词 invitation ‎ Thanks for your _______(invite )‎ ‎2.invite sb to…. 邀请某人参加…..‎ ‎3.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人干某事 Can I invite you ______(play )basketball with me?‎ 考点8.feed的用法：‎ ‎1.feed +sb /sth . 喂某人/某东西 Can you feed my cat while I am away ?‎ ‎2.feed sth to sb/ sth 把某东西喂给某人或某物 I feed a bottle of milk to the baby every day.‎ ‎3.feed on … 以……为主食。‎ People feed on rice .‎ ‎4.be fed up with …… 厌倦……. .‎ I am fed up with the life of the city .‎ 考点9.send 的用法：‎ ‎1.send sb sth = send sth to sb 把某物送给某人 He sent me a postcard yesterday. =‎ He sent a postcard _____ _____ yeaterday.‎ ‎2.词组：‎ ‎1).send for sb 派人去请某人来 =‎ ‎ ask sb to come ‎ His mother was badly ill .please send for a doctor .=‎ His mother was badly ill .please _____ a doctor _____ _____ .‎ ‎2).send up 发射、往上送 ‎3).send away 开除、撵走 考点10.save的用法：‎ ‎1.储存、储蓄 ‎ We are saving money for a car.‎ ‎2.挽救、援救 The doctor saved the patient’s life.‎ ‎3.节约、节省 They saved much time in their work .‎ ‎4.词组：save one’s life save time ‎ 考点11.cloth / clothes / clothing 的区别：‎ ‎1.cloth作不可数名词，指布料、织物。作可数名词，指一块布，尤指一块抹布。‎ ‎2.clothes只有复数形式，泛指穿着的衣服。‎ ‎3.clothing为集合名词，指服装。比clothes 意思更广泛，包括鞋子、帽子等。‎ I need an old _____ to wash the car .‎ The woman wears fashionable _______.‎ China’s ______ industry(工业)is famous around the world.‎ 结合2011年中考考点 初中语法总结之三 八年级下 Unit1---Unit3‎ 一．重点短语 ‎1.live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 2.fall in love with 3.be able to =can ‎4.come true(无被动语态)= achieve 5.in space 在太空中 6.wake up ‎7.over and over again 8.on computers 9.get bored 10.argue with sb ‎11.out of style 12.write sb a letter=write to sb 13.a ticket to 一张……的票 ‎14.on the phone / by phone 15.get on well with sb 16.have a fight with sb / fight with sb ‎17.complain about 18.compare…with 19.pay for(it/them) 20.the same age as ‎21.on the one hand…on the other hand 22.(all) by oneself=alone 23.for the first time ‎ ‎24.in history 25.as…as possible = as…as sb can 26.keep out不让……进入 ‎27.call the police 28.answer the phone 29.take off 30.follow sb to do sth ‎ ‎31.at that time 32.hear about / hear of 33.in silence 默默地 34.take place / happen (无被动语态) 35.one’s own +名词=名词+of one’s own 二、考点归纳 考点1.There be -------(将来时)There is/are going to be ( will be ) +名词。‎ There _________(be )a football game on TV tonight .‎ 考点2.come true 与achieve 的区别：‎ ‎1).come true :实现，达到 。主语常为物 ，无被动语态。‎ ‎2).achieve: 实现 主语为人。‎ He has achieved his dream .=His dream has ______ _______ .‎ 考点3.There be 的特殊句型：‎ ‎1).There be +名词+ doing sth : 有某东西正在干某事 ‎2).There be +名词+ to do sth : 有某东西将要干某事 ‎ There is a dog _______(lie) under the tree .‎ ‎ There is no time ______(play) now.‎ 考点4.the same as 与the same … as … 的区别：‎ ‎1).the same as 表示与…相同 他的反义词: be different from ‎ ‎2).the same …as 表示与…有相同的某东西 Lucy is 16 years old ,Lily is 16 years old.‎ ‎=Lucy is the same______ ______Lily.‎ 考点5.打电话用语:‎ ‎1).call sb = call sb up = give sb a call ‎ ‎2.ring up= ring sb up = give sb a ring ‎ ‎3).make a telephone call to sb ‎ 考点6.until的用法:‎ ‎1).当它引导的复合句的主句的谓语动词为短暂性动词时,用否定形式.‎ ‎ 词组: not …until… = .after… 直到…才…‎ He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework = he _____ to bed _____ he finished his homework.‎ ‎2). 当它引导的复合句的主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时,用肯定形式.‎ ‎ 句型: …..until …..到…为止 I left my umbrella in my room . Could you wait here ______ I get it back ?‎ ‎ A. when B. until C.after D. while ‎ 考点7. find 的用法 ‎1） find sb (to be) +名词 ‎2） find sb +adj ‎3） find it adj +to do sth ‎4） find sb+doing ‎5） find+that…‎ I found it was difficult to finish the work.=‎ I found _____ ______ to finish the work..‎ I found that they were playing football .=‎ I found _____ _____ football.‎ I found that she was a clever girl.=‎ I found _____ _____ .‎ 考点8.seem的用法 ‎1. seem + adj ‎ ‎2. seem +to be +adj (to do sth )‎ ‎3. It seems that +从句 She seemed worried .=‎ She seemed ____ ____ worried .‎ ‎_____ _____ that she _____ worried .‎ 考点9.get to /arrive at (in)/ reach 的区别 ‎1.get to /arrive at (in) / reach +地点名词 ‎2.get / arrive /reach +home (here, there …)‎ ‎3.若后面没有地点时,则只能用arrive .‎ He is the first boy to _______.‎ 考点10.when/ while 的区别 ‎1. 一般过去式+ when +过去进行时 ‎2. 过去进行时+ when +一般过去时 ‎3. 一般过去时+ while +过去进行时 ‎4. 过去进行时+ while +过去进行时 注:动词为短暂性动词时,则用一般过去时.动词为延续性动词时,则用过去进行时.‎ When I ________(write) a letter , my father ________(come) in last night .‎ My sister _______(watch) TV while I ______‎ ‎(read) this morning .‎ 考点11.look for / find / find out 的区别 ‎1. look for 寻找, 强调找的过程 ‎2. find 找到 发现 强调找的结果 ‎3. find out 指经过打听,询问,调查之后才找到的东西.‎ He _______ the book everywhere , but he didn’t ______ it .‎ Please _______ who broke the window.‎ 考点12.surprise 的用法 ‎1.be surprised to do sth ‎ We were surprised _______(meet) you again .‎ ‎2.be surprised at sth ‎ We are evry surprised at the news .‎ ‎3.be surprised that +从句 I’m surprised that he lost the game .‎ ‎4.to one’s surprise ‎ ‎5.in surprise ‎ ‎6.surprised / surprising 的区别 I was ______ to hear the _______ news .‎ 考点13.return的用法 ‎1. return sth to sb 把某物归还给某人= ‎ give sth back to sb .‎ please give my book back to me on time .=‎ please ______my book _____me on time .‎ ‎2.return to +某地 返回某地= come /get back to +某地.‎ 注:若地点为地点副词时,则省掉to .‎ He won’t come back home until next week .=‎ He won’t ______ home until next week.‎ 考点14.as …as possible 的同义句 ‎ as …as possible = as … as sb can (could).‎ She pratices English as much as possible .=‎ She pratices English as much as _____ _____.‎ 考点15.be always doing sth ‎ ‎ be always doing sth 表示总是干某事, (有一种厌恶的心理)‎ He ______ always ______(make ) the same mistakes in his homework .‎ 考点16.home / house /family 的区别 ‎1.family 指 “家庭或家庭成员”‎ ‎2.house 指 “居住的房屋” 一般指建筑物.‎ ‎3.home 指 “同一家人共同生活的地方也可指家乡、故乡”‎ I was born in Wuhan , but Xiaogan is my second ______.‎ My ______ is a large one .‎ There are many ______ in our village .‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 八年级（下）Unit 4---Unit 5‎ 一、重点短语：‎ ‎1.have a surprise party 2.be mad at 3.not …any more= no more 4.first of all 5.pass on 6.report card 7.get over 8.get nervous 9.open up (open up one’s eyes) 10.care for ‎ ‎11.take away 12.go to college 13.let sb in 14.make a living 15.all the same ‎ ‎16.get injured 17.laugh at sb .‎ 二、考点归纳：‎ 考点1.fail 的用法：‎ ‎1.fail (in) sth 在….中失败 He is unhappy because he failed in the maths exam.‎ ‎2.fail to do sth 不能干某事 She got up late ,so she failed ______(arrive) on time.‎ 考点2. bring / take / fetch / get / carry的区别 ‎1.bring：把某人或某物从别处带到说话人处 ‎2.take：把某人或某物从说话人处带到别处 ‎3.fetch/ get：到别处把某物带来、拿来 ‎4.carry：指“提、拿、扛、背”不具体说明来去方向 Don’t forget to _____ your homework to school tomorrow .‎ Let me _____ the box for you .‎ It’s raining outside , please _____ the clothes indoor .‎ Please _____ the letter to the post office .‎ 考点3. famous 的用法 ‎1.be famous for : 因….而出名 ‎2.be famous as : 作为……而出名 He is famous _____ a singer _____ his beautiful songs .‎ 考点4.so / such 的区别 ‎1.such + a / an + adj + 单数名词 ‎ so + adj + a / an + 单数名词 ‎2.such + adj + 不可数名词 / 复数名词 ‎ so + adj + the +不可数名词 / 复数名词 ‎3.若名词前直接有many 、much、few、little修饰时，用so 代替such .(多多少少仍用so )‎ There is ______ in the Internet .‎ A.such important informations ‎ B.so important information C.such an important information ‎ D.such important imformation ‎ There are ______little sheep on the hill .‎ ‎______much work can't be done in _____a short time .‎ 考点5.表示“目的”的句型：‎ ‎1.so that + 从句 ‎2.to do sth ‎ ‎3.in order to do sth ‎ ‎4.in order that + 从句 ‎5.so as to do sth ‎ He got up early to catch the early bus .=‎ He got up early___ ___ __ catch the early bus.‎ He got up early ____ ____ he could catch the early bus .‎ 考点6.too much / much too 的区别：‎ ‎1.much too + 形容词、副词的原级 ‎2.too much :‎ ‎ 1).用作名词词组。‎ ‎ You’ve given me too much .‎ ‎ 2).用作形容词词组，后接不可数名词。‎ ‎ There is too much snow in winter .‎ ‎ 3).用作副词词组，修饰动词。‎ ‎ She talked too much .‎ 考点7.be good at 的用法：‎ ‎1.be good at doing sth ‎ ‎2.be good at 同义句 do well in ‎ ‎ 反义词组 be weak in ‎ ‎3.be good at 的比较级：be better at …than…‎ ‎ do well in 的比较级：do better in…than…‎ 考点8.have a hard time 的用法：‎ ‎1.have a hard time with sth 在……上有困难 ‎2.have a hard time（in）doing sth 干某事有困难 考点9.be supposed to do sth 的用法：‎ 同义句：be sopposed to do sth = should do sth ‎ We should study hard = ‎ We are _____ ____ study hard .‎ 八年级（下） Unit 6---Unit8‎ 一、重点短语：‎ ‎1.raise money for charities 2.collect stamps3.on one’s +序数词+birthday 4.in a minute=‎ right away =right now = at once 5.no problem 6.wait in line 7.get annoyed ‎ ‎8.English-speaking countries 9.spoken English 10.even if = even though 11.keep …down ‎ ‎12.break the rule 13.in public = in public places 14.put out 15.drop litter ‎ ‎16.fall asleep 17.make progress 18.make friends with sb 19.take an interest in ‎20.give away ‎ 二、考点归纳：‎ 考点1.run out of 与run out 的区别：‎ ‎1.sb + run out of + sth 某人用完某东西 ‎ = sb + use up + sth ‎ ‎2.sth + run out 某东西用完了 （主动表被动）‎ He ran out of the water = He ___ ____ the water.‎ The water ran out =The water ____ ____ ____‎ 考点2.interest 的用法：‎ ‎1.作名词讲：‎ ‎1). places of interest 名胜古迹 ‎2).show / take / have an interest in 在….方面有兴趣 ‎2.作动词讲：‎ ‎1).sth + interest + sb .某东西使某人感兴趣 The story interested me .= I___ ___ ____ the story .‎ ‎2).interest 的形容词有interested / interesting ‎ a).interested :作表语 放在系动词之后且人作主语。‎ b).interesting: 既可作表语也可作定语 ，作表语时物作主语。作定语时放在名词之前。‎ The _____ news made me ______ .‎ ‎3.同义句：‎ Sb be interested in sth =sb take /show/have an interest in sth = sth interest sb ‎ 考点3.mind的用法：‎ ‎1.mind doing sth 介意干某事 ‎2.mind one’s doing sth 介意某人干某事 同义句：would you mine one’s doing sth ?=‎ Would you mind if sb do sth ?‎ Would you mind my moving the table ?=‎ Would you mind _____ _____ move the table?‎ ‎3.would you mind doing sth ?‎ ‎1).否定句: Would you mind not doing sth ?‎ ‎2).回答： ‎ a).不介意：No, not at all / certainly not / of course not .‎ b).sorry ,but it’s not allowed ./ You’d better not .‎ 考点4.句型：It’s best/better th 的同义句：‎ 同义句：It’s best to do sth = You’d better do sth .‎ It’s better for you to leave here .‎ ‎______ ______ leave here .‎ 考点5.instead 的用法：‎ ‎1.instead “代替、而不是”作副词，常放在句首或句末。‎ ‎2.instead of + 名词、代词或动名词 “代替、而不是”‎ He didn’t go to a movie .________,he watched TV at home .=‎ He watched TV at home _____ _____ _____ to a movie.‎ 考点6.room的用法：‎ ‎1.room为可数名词。“房间、室”‎ ‎2.room为不可数名词。“空间”‎ ‎ 词组：make room for 为……腾出空间 Though there are 20 ______ in the buildings ,I have no _____ to stand in .‎ Please make ______ for me .‎ 考点7.raise 与rise的区别：‎ ‎1.raise的用法：举起、抬起 ‎ ‎2.rise的用法： 升起、上升 。主语自身移到较高的位置。‎ The sun _______ in the east .‎ please _______ your hands when you want to answer a question .‎ 八年级（下） Unit 9---Unit10‎ 一、重点短语：‎ ‎1.on board 2.end up doing 3.take a holiday 4.all year round ‎5.have problem doing sth 6.the best time to do sth. 7.choose to do sth ‎ ‎8.be friendly to do sth. 9.look through 浏览 10.be careful to do sth. 11.come along 跟着来，出现，发生，来到 12.at least 至少 at most 至多13.get along / on well/badly withsb./sth. ‎ ‎14.leave school 毕业 15.be themed with…以……为主题 二、考点归纳：‎ 考点1.Me neither ‎ Me neither 我也不/没有,用于表示同样否定的看法或做法 Me neither = neither … I Me too = so …I ‎ I’ve never been to a water park,neither have I.‎= I’ve never been to a water park,___ ____.‎ 考点2.traffic的用法 traffic 交通/交通量, 不可数名词. 作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式.修饰taffic用busy/heavy/much/a lot of…‎ There is much taffic on the road.‎ 考点3. This is because…=That’s why…‎ He didn’t go to school,it’s because he was ill.= ‎ He was ill_____ _____ he didn’t go to school.‎ 考点4.population 的用法 ‎1. 作主语, 谓语动词常用单数形式. ‎ ‎2. 修饰population用large (人口多) / small(人口少)‎ ‎3. 对人口提问用what/How large What is the population of China?‎ 考点5.whenever的用法 ‎1.whenever=no matter when whatever=no matter what wherever=no matter where ‎2.whenever后的从句用陈述句语序,且主从复合句实行 “主将从现”.‎ No matter what the weather is like , we _____(go) surfing .‎ 考点6.cross / across / crossing 的区别 ‎1. cross 动词 “穿过”‎ ‎2. across 介词 “穿过,横穿”‎ ‎3. crossing 名词 “十字路口”‎ Don’t ____ the road when the traffic light is red .‎ A. cross B. across C. crossing D. crossed 考点7.强调句式 ‎ It + be + 被强调的部分+ that / who + 从句 注: 1.被强调的部分是人时,用who .否则用that .‎ ‎ 2.不能强调谓语动词.‎ He was found by my uncle yesterday .‎ ‎1).强调主语 It was he who was found by my uncle yesterday .‎ ‎2).强调宾语 It was by my uncle who he was found yesterday .‎ ‎3).强调时间状语 It was yesterday that he was found by my uncle .‎ 结合2011年中考考点 初中语法总结之四 九年级Unit1—Unit5‎ 一、重点短语：‎ ‎1.by doing sth 2.make flashcards 3.read aloud 4.the best way to do sth /the best way of doing sth 5.have a conversation with sb 6.get /be excited about sth /doing sth 7.end up doing sth 8.do a survey about doing sth 9.spoken English 10.make mistakes in grammar 11.get the pronunciation right 12.begin with 13.later on 14.be afraid to do sth /of doing sth 15.make sentences 16.take notes 17.have trouble with sth /(in)doing sth 18.what…do with ?/how …deal with ? 19.regard …as 20.It’s our duty to do sth 21.try /do one’s best to do sth 22.with the help of / with one’s help 23.compare …to … 24.be terrified of sth/ doing sth 25.chat with sb 26.make a decision to do sth /decide to do sth /make up one’s mind to do sth ‎ ‎27.take pride in / be proud of 28.get into trouble with sb 29.pay attention to sth / doing sth 30.give up doing sth 31.need time to do sth 32.stay up doing sth 33.be strict with sb in sth 34.concentrate on … 35.learn…from… 36.clean up 37.at present /now 38.look good on sth 39.have a chance (an opportunity) to do sth /have a chance of doing sth 40.have …off… 41.the other day(用于一般过去时) 42.get in the way of 43.against doing sth 44.be serious about doing sth 45.look up 46.medical research 47.what if 48.before /after doing sth 49.have confidence in /be confident of 50.ask one’s permission /without permission 51.introduce oneself /introduce oneself(sb) to sb 52.invite sb to do sth 53.not…in the slightest =not… at all 54.plenty of=enough 55.come up with =think of /up 56.let… down 57.come out 58.give advice on … 59.by accident 60.hurry to … = go to …in a hurry 61.offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 62.agree to do sth 63.ask sb for advice 64.escape from 65.be careful of 66.use up 67.refuse to do sth 68.achieve one’s dream 69.one or two days /a day or two ‎ ‎70.be covered with 71.in the last/past few years(用于现在完成时)‎ 二、考点归纳 考点1.a lot 与a lot of 的区别 ‎1).a lot 许多，非常，很多，本文转自[教育文稿网] www.eduwg.com 转载请注明出处.副词，可修饰动词，adj/adv的比较级。‎ I have learnt _____ that way.‎ A.a lot of B.lots of C.a lot D.lot ‎2).a lot of /lots of +复数名词/不可数名词。‎ 考点2.voice / sound / noise 的区别 ‎1).voice 指说话的声音或嗓音 ‎2).sound 含义最广泛，泛指自然界中各种声音。‎ ‎3).noise 指噪音、杂音、喧闹声。‎ She said “goodbye”to us in a sweet ___.‎ Light traves faster than _______.‎ Don’t make any _____.your father is sleeping.‎ 考点3.make sure 的用法 make sure+that+从句 确保、确信、确定。‎ Ann is so careful that she always goes over her exercises to ______ there are no mistakes.‎ A.look for B.make sure C.take care of ‎ D.catch up with ‎ 考点4.unless 的用法 Unless 如果不、除非 = if…not… .unless引导主从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则。‎ Nothing can stop the sandstorm_____ more and more trees are planted .‎ A.if B.unless C.when D.if not ‎ 考点5.loud/ aloud /loudly 的区别 ‎1).aloud：副词 “出声地、高声地”无比较等级，指发出的声音能被听见。read /think aloud ‎ ‎2).loud ‎ a).作形容词 “高声的、响亮的”‎ b).作副词 = loudly 大声地、响亮地 ‎ ‎ 常与speak ,talk ,laugh ,shout 等词连用。‎ 考点6.used to 的用法 ‎1).used to do sth 过去经常干某事，但现在不干了.‎ She doesn’t live there any more.‎ She_____ _____live there.‎ a).否定句：didn’t use to do sth / usedn’t to do sth ‎ b).一般疑问句：‎ Did …use to do sth ?‎ 回答：Yes, …did /No,…didn’t .‎ Used …to do sth ?‎ 回答：Yes,…used to /No,…usedn’t to .‎ c).反意疑问句： did(didn’t)/ used(usedn’t) +sb ?‎ ‎2).be /get used to sth /doing sth .习惯于干某事。‎ He used to ______(get) up late ,but now he is used to ______(get) up early .‎ ‎3).be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 被用来干某事。‎ 考点7.with +名词+ 形容词 表伴随。‎ The boy slept . The window was open =‎ The boy slept _____ the window ______.‎ 考点8.allow 的用法 ‎1).allow doing sth ‎ ‎2).allow sb to do sth = let sb do sth ‎ ‎3).be allowed to do sth .‎ 考点9.get的用法 ‎1).get/have sth done 请别人干某事= ask sb to do sth ‎ ‎2).get sb to do sth = have sb do sth = make sb do sth 让某人去干某事。‎ I got someone to repair my bike .=‎ I _____ my bike _______.‎ 考点10.sometime/sometimes/some time/ some times 的区别 ‎1).sometime 表示在过去或将来的某个不确定的时间。“某个时候”‎ ‎2).sometimes 表示“有时”= at times 疑问词用how often ‎ ‎3).some time 表示“一段时间”疑问词用how long ‎ ‎4).some times 表示“几次、几倍” 疑问词用how many times ‎ I hope I will fly to the moon ______in the future .‎ I usually walk to school ,but _____go to school by bike .‎ I took me ______ to finish my work yesterday.‎ I have been to Wuhan ________.‎ 考点11.so +… sb 与so +sb +…的区别 ‎1).so … sb :某人也怎么样。‎ ‎2).so sb … :的确如此，是真的。表示确认。‎ 判断依据：前后两主语一致时，主语放中间（so +sb +…）.前后两主语不一致时，主语放后面（so+…+sb）.‎ Lucy has been to Japan ,me too .=‎ ‎____ ____ Lucy ____ ____ I have been to Japan.=‎ ‎____ Lucy _____ I _____ been to Japan .=‎ Lucy has been to Japan , _____ ____ I.‎ 注：若前面的句子是否定的，则用neither /nor +…+sb .‎ If you don’t go there , _______.‎ A.so do I B.so will I C.neither will I ‎ D.neither do I ‎ 考点12.success 的用法 ‎1).词性：名词 success → 形容词 successful → 副词 successfully ‎ ‎2).动词：succeed (in ) doing sth .‎ 考点13.cost /pay / spend /take 的区别 ‎1).cost 指花费（金钱）、价值（多少钱）。主语一般是物。句型：sth + cost + sb + 钱 ‎2).pay 指花费（金钱）。主语一般是人。句型： sb +pay +钱+for +sth .‎ ‎3).spend 指花费（时间或钱），主语是人。句型：sb +spend +时间/钱+on sth ‎ ‎ Sb +spend +时间/钱 +（in）doing sth ‎ ‎4).take 指花费（时间），主语一般是事情，常用it 作形式主语。句型：It +takes +sb +时间+ to do sth .‎ He spent forty yuan on his shirt .=‎ His shirt ______ _____ forty yuan .‎ He _____ forty yuan ______ his shirt .‎ It took him two hours to wash the clothes He _____two hours _____ the clothes .‎ 考点14. “only +时间副词”的用法 ‎“Only + 时间副词”时，句式要倒装。‎ Only then ______ have a chance of achieving my dream .‎ A.will I B.I will C.I can ‎ 考点15.虚拟语气（与现在事实相反）‎ 结构：主句（would +动词原形）+ if +从句（were/ 动词的过去式）‎ If I ______(have)a million , I _____ (give)it to charity .‎ I ______(take ) a small present if I ____ (be) you .‎ 考点16.两种句型：‎ ‎1).对人的性格提问：what be sb like ?‎ ‎2).对人的外貌特征提问：what do /does sb look like ?‎ ‎________________? He is outgoing .‎ ‎________________? He is tall .‎ 考点17.rather than 的用法 ‎1).rather than 宁愿、而不是 ，有时可与instead of 互换。‎ ‎2).rather than 的句型：‎ would do sth rather than do sth .‎ would rather do sth than do sth .‎ prefer to do sth rather than do sth .‎ I would stay at home rather than go out .‎ I prefer _____ _____ stay at home rather than ______ out .‎ 考点18.belong to 的用法 ‎1).belong to 属于 ，无被动语态，也不用进行时态，主语常是物。‎ Tom has a new bike .=‎ The new bike ______ _____ Tom .‎ ‎2).belong to + 名词/ 代词的宾格。疑问词用who ‎ ‎ Be + 名词所有格/ 名词性的物主代词。疑问词用whose ‎ It must be _______(Tom ).‎ It must belong to ________(Tom).‎ 考点19. “询问……的意思是什么”的句型 ‎1).what do you mean by …?‎ ‎2).what’s the meaning of …?‎ ‎3).What does …mean ?‎ What does the word mean ?‎ What do you _____ _____ the word ?‎ What is the _____ _____ the word ?‎ 考点20.drop / fall 的区别 ‎1).drop可指偶然的 “丢掉、失落”，也可指有意识的“投下”。‎ ‎2).fall 指 “下落、降落”多指地球的引力所导致的“下落”或失去平衡而“跌落”，且fall 为不及物动词。‎ Be careful ! Don’t ______ your mother’s glasses to the ground .‎ The apples ______ down from the tree.‎ 考点21.prefer的用法 ‎1).preter + sth ‎ ‎2).prefer to do sth ‎ ‎3).prefer not to do sth ‎ ‎4).prefer to do sth rather than do sth ‎ ‎5).prefer +n / doing sth + to +n / doing sth ‎ 考点22.what if的用法 ‎1. what if…如果……怎么办,引导带条件从句的疑问句,if后的句子用陈述句语述.‎ ‎2. what if…=what should I/we do if…‎ ‎=what will happen if…‎ What should I do if I don’t know anyone.‎ ‎=____ _____I don’t know anyone.‎ 考点23.pretend的用法 ‎1. pretend(not)to do sth.‎ ‎2. pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事.pretend to be+adj.‎ ‎3. pretend that+从句 He pretended that he didn’t see me.‎ ‎=He pretended____ _____ see me.‎ He pretended___ when the teacher came in.‎ A. to be read B. being read C. to be reading 九年级 Unit6---Unit 10.‎ 一．重点短语 ‎1.along with 2.dance to 3.remind …of 4.over the years 5.be sure to do sth ‎ ‎6.on display /on show 7.suggest doing sth 8.to be honest 9.be lucky to do sth 10.suit sb fine 11.get together to do sth 12.stay away from 13.be in agreement 14.consider doing sth 15.trek through the jungle 16.some /one day 17.take it easy 18.in general ‎ ‎19.be supposed to do sth =should do sth. 20.take/have a trip 21.provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 22.dream of /about doing sth 23.continue doing sth /with sth 24.according to 25.work as 26.quite a few 27. be willing to do sth 28.hold on to 29.clean up ‎ ‎30.give out /hand out 31.cheer up /make sb happy 32.put off doing sth 33.write down 34.put up 35.set up /start /establish 36.come up with /think up/ of 37.volunteer one’s time to do sth 38.run out of /use up 39.take after/ look like /be similar to 40.fix up /repair/mend 41.give away 42.work out 43.help out 44.hang out 45.be filled with / be full of ‎ ‎46.at once /right now/away 47.can’t stand doing sth 48.this time of year 49.by mistake 50.by accident /chance 51.fall into 52.in this way 53.knock into sb 54.divide …into…‎ ‎55.since then 56.in history 57.at college 58.by the time 59.get into /get out of 60.go off 61.wait for sb to do sth 62.run off to 63.on time /in time 64.come by 65.give sb a ride 66.break down 67.be /get dressed in 68.show up 69.set off ‎ ‎70.flee from/ escape from 71.sell out ‎ 二、考点归纳 考点1.强调动词时，要用do / does / did +动词原形。‎ It does have a few good features .‎ 注：祈使句的强调式，在肯定的祈使句的句首加do ,来加强语气，多译为“一定”‎ Do take care !‎ 考点2.expect的用法 ‎1.expect的句型 a).expect to do sth ‎ b).expect sb to do sth ‎ c).expect + that +从句 Do you think Brazil will beat Japan in World Cup 2006? Yes, they have better players .So I _____ them to win .‎ A. hope B. expect C. want D. prefer ‎ ‎2.I expect so 我期望如此 ‎ I don’t expect so / I expect not .我期望不这样。‎ 考点3.quite / very 的区别 ‎1).quite + a/ an + adj +单数名词 ‎2).a + very + adj + 单数名词 France‎ is a very expensive place .‎ France‎ is ______ ______ expensive place .‎ 考点4.not only …but also …的用法 ‎1).连接两主语时，遵循“就近原则”‎ Both they and Tom have been to Japan .‎ ‎____ _____ they ____ _____ Tom _____been to Japan .‎ ‎2).连接两句子时，当not only 位于句首时，not only 后面的句子常用倒装来表示强调，但but also后的句子仍用陈述句语序。‎ Not only did I say so ,but also I did so.‎ 考点5.please的用法 ‎1).please 为动词 “使……高兴”‎ 它的形容词：‎ a).pleased :人作主语，且只能做表语。‎ 词组：be pleased with sb ‎ ‎ be pleased to do sth ‎ b).pleasant:可作表语，但物作主语。也可作定语，放在名词的前面。‎ I am _______ to see a _______ film .‎ 名词：pleasure 快乐的事 词组：with pleasure 愿意效劳 My pleasure 不用谢 考点6.discover / invent 的区别 ‎1).discover “发现” 指发现原先就存在而不为人知的事物。‎ ‎2).invent “发明”指创造出原来没有的东西。‎ Columbus‎ _______ America .‎ Who ______ the light bulb ?‎ 考点7.notice的用法 ‎1).notice sb doing sth ‎ ‎2).notice sb do sth ‎ ‎3).notice + that +从句 She noticed the thief ______(steal) when she got there .‎ 考点8.世纪的表达法 结构：in the + 年份的复数 表示“几十世纪几十年代”‎ 在二十世纪五十年代:__________________‎ 考点9.make it 的用法 ‎1).make it 表示“约定，定时间”‎ Let’s make it 6:30.‎ ‎2). make it 表示“做得好，做成功”‎ I think I’ll make it some day .‎ ‎3).make it 表示“及时到达，及时赶到”‎ I just made it to my class.‎ 考点10.happen的用法 ‎1).happen = take place 发生 无被动语态。‎ ‎2).句型：what happened to sb ?‎ ‎3).sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上 ‎4).happen to do sth 碰巧干某事 I happened _______(meet )my first teacher in the street .‎ 考点11.marry的用法 ‎1).marry sb :与某人结婚 ‎2).get married to sb 为短暂性动词，它的延续性动词为be married to sb ‎ Mr Smith’s son ____ a girl from the USA.‎ A. married with B. married to ‎ C. married at D. married ‎ Last week John and Mary got married .=‎ Last week John got _____ _____ Mary .‎ They ______for ten years .‎ A. married B. got married ‎ C. have gotten married ‎ D. have been married ‎ 考点12.thanks to / thanks for 的区别 ‎1).thanks to :由于、因为、多亏。强调感谢的对象。相当于because of /with the help of / with one’s help ‎ ‎2).thanks for 因……而感谢你。强调感谢的原因或目的。‎ ‎________ inviting me to your home .‎ ‎_________my teacher’s help ,I got an A in my English .‎ 考点13.suit /fit ‎1. suit指衣服颜色，款式“合适”.也可指时间,食物合适.‎ ‎2. fit指衣服尺寸,大小合身.‎ This coat is much too large .I think that one will___ you well.‎ A. fits B. suits C. fit D. suit 考点14.in the end/at the end of/by the end of的区别 ‎1. in the end 最后=at last/finally,不能与of连用.‎ ‎2. at the end of…在……尽头/末,既可指时间也可指地点.‎ at the end of the road/this term ‎3. by the end of …到…… 为止/底 by the end of last year(过去完成时)/this year(将来时)‎ 考点15.It is believed that…‎ ‎1. It is believed that…人们认为=‎ People believe that…‎ ‎2. It is said that …据说=‎ People say that…‎ ‎3.It is reported that…据报道 考点16.give up的用法 ‎1. give up接代词放中间 give it/them up ‎2. give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.‎ His father stopped smoking.=‎ His father____ _____smoking.=‎ His father____ _____smoke.=‎ His father____ _____smoked.‎