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中考完型填空的6个命题特点
一、重语境
完形填空着眼于整体理解，必须在对短文大意进行了解的基础上才能较准确地推知答案。因此，需要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情节，尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索，把自己置身于情景当中进行填空，这样才能比较顺利且有把握地捕捉到正确信息。
二、重实词
完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词，当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词，如介词、连词等。
三、重首句
首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句，是观察全文的窗口，对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。如果设选项，就会加大难度，影响对文章信息的捕捉，使做题者陷入茫然。
四、重快速领悟文章主旨的能力
完形填空题的特点在于人为地设置了很多空格，使文章支离破碎、残缺不全，这就造成了理解上的障碍。需要考生跳过空格，快速领悟文章主旨。只有这样，才能保证思路连贯，在理解的过程中迅速抓住文章的中心意思。设空有一定的规律性。一般说来大都是均衡分布，各空之间的距离大致相当，通常是隔一定词数，留出一个空格，不连续设空。关系过于密切时，只设一个选项。如果两个相互依存，关系密切的单词或短语都设为选项，就会形成错一个等于错两个，对一个等于对两个的现象。
五、重对文章的整体把握能力
对文章的整体把握就是指根据文章的主旨，通过上下文暗示，对整篇文章、整个段落或整个意群的整体文意的把握。
六、重考查排除干扰、完形词义的能力
完形填空题中干扰项的干扰，一般与语法结构无太大关系，重在文意干扰。因此，只要把握了文意和具体的语境，通过对词义的辨析，一些错误的干扰项就容易被排除。
最新中考英语完形填空 (附详解)
My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was ___1___ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he has a problem when you saw him ___2___.
Children in our neighborhood always ran around ___3___ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, ___4___. We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be ___5___ to run like the other children. So he didn’t know.
In ___6___ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, ___7___ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the ___8___. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know.
He ran four to five mile every day—even when he had a fever. I was ___9___, so I went to ___10___ him after school. I found him running ___11___. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept ___12___.
Two weeks later, the names of the team ___13___ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had ___14___ the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn’t do it … so he didn’t know. He just ___15___ it.
1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid
2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk
3. A. after B. before C. during D. till
4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet
5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid
6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth
7. A. so B. if C. then D. because
8. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade
9. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried
10. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for
11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already
12. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running
13. A. jumpers B. runners C. doctors D. teachers
14. A. got B. kept C. made D. found
15. A. made B. played C. had D. took
【答案与解析】文章讲述了Joey一出生便被医生认定不能正常地跑动，但是Joey的父母一直没有把这个情况告诉他。因此Joey就在这种毫不知情的情况下，凭借着自身的努力，终于如愿以偿地入选了校田径队。
1. A。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他生命中的头三年是在医院里度过的”。spend有“花时间于……，度过”的意思，并且spend还可做及物动词，所以放在此处，不仅符合此处的语境，而且也符合此句的语法结构。故答案选A。
2. D。根据前文中The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk，可知医生认为作者的儿子在经过治疗后是能够走路的。因此可推出此处是“在他8岁时，当你看到他走路，你察觉不出他有什么问题”。故答案选D。
3. C。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“邻居家的孩子在他们做游戏时总是跑来跑去”。during的意思为“在……期间”，放在此处符合此处的语境。故答案选C。
4. B。前文提到医生认为作者的儿子将不能正常地跑动，而后文则提到作者没有把这个情况告诉给他的儿子，因此Joey不知道。所以综合前后文，可知此处是“Joey也跳、也跑、也玩耍”。故答案选B。
5. A。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他也许不能像其他的小朋友那样能够正常地跑动”。be able to do的意思为“能够做……事”，故答案选A。
6. B。根据后文中“He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders”，可推知这里是“在七年级时他决定参加校田径队”。故答案选B。
7. D。前文提到Joey每天坚持训练，而且练得比其他任何人都勤，后文则讲述只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中，因此综合前后文的内容联系，不难得出前后文之间形成了一个因果关系，即Joey每天刻苦训练是因为只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中。故答案选D。
8. C。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中代表学校参赛”。故答案选C。
9. D。这里提到Joey每天坚持跑4~5英里，即使在他发烧的时候也没有中断，而前文提到Joey早在出生时就被医生认定是不能正常地跑动，所以根据逻辑思维，作者作为Joey的家长此时一定感到很担心。故答案选D(from www.zkenglish.com)。
10. D。根据前文综述，再对照选项，可得出这里是在讲述作者决定在Joey放学后来找他。故答案选D。
11. D。 根据后文中He has two more miles to go，再对照选项，可推知此处是“我发现他已经在跑了”。故答案选D。
12. D。 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他径直地看着前方，并且一直跑着”。故答案选D。
13. B。 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“两周后，队员名单被公布出来了”，再因为Joey选择的是跑步运动，故答案选B。
14. C。根据前文中We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team，再对照选项，可推知此处应填make，即根据前文中的相同或类似表述可得出。再因为make有“作为……的一分子”的意思，放在此处，意思为Joey加入了田径队。故答案选C。
15. D。根据前文中“We never told him he couldn’t do it… so he didn’t know”，再结合Joey入选校田径队的事实，可推知此处要表达的内容是“他确实参加了”，即Joey是在一种毫不知情的情况下参加了田径队。take的意思有“参加，加入”，故答案选D。
【答案与解析】文章讲述了Rudi为了实现自己的梦想，毅然选择去攀登阿尔卑斯山的最高峰。就在他快实现自己梦想的时候，为了救人他毅然选择放弃梦想，将荣誉拱手让给了他人，但人们还是认为 Rudi 是这座高峰的征服者。
1. A。按照常识判断Rudi Matt的最大心愿应该是攀登阿尔卑斯山最高的 (highest) 山峰，而不是最远的 (farthest) 、最大的 (biggest) 、最深的 (deepest) 山峰。故答案选A。
2. C。联系下文的内容发现，Rudi的妈妈和伯伯想让Rudi去酒店工作，因此他们不想看到Rudi去登山 (climbing) 。故答案选C。
3. B。联系下文的内容发现，Rudi秘密地与一个英国登山者接触，并且这个英国登山者正计划着攀登那座最高的山峰，所以此处应该是Rudi不愿意放弃 (give up) 他的梦想。故答案选B。
4. D。此处是一个定语从句，修饰的成分为主语，指人即英国登山者，故答案选D。
5. D。这里讲到，当Franz发现Rudi所做的一切，即与英国登山者秘密接触，按照逻辑来判断，他应该是很生气 (angry) ，而不是很劳累 (tired) 、很高兴 (glad) 、很平静 (quiet) 。故答案选D(from www.zkenglish.com)。
6. B。按照语境分析，此处应为最终Franz还是同意了让Rudi去登山，故答案选B。
7. C。通过阅读全文不难发现，文章通篇都在讲述谁是第一个登上山顶的人，所以此处应是Franz不想看到Saxo先他之前到达山顶。故答案选C。
8. A。前面提到Rudi在登山的过程中被证明是一个很好的攀登者，后面则讲到在接近山顶的地方，出现了一些意外情况，陪伴Rudi一起登山的英国登山者生病了，因此不能再继续远行了。联系前后文可以发现此处应该表示为一个转折关系，故答案选A。
9. C。后面提到由Franz来照顾这个英国登山者，因此Franz是留下来了。stay behind意思为“留下不走”，故答案选C。
10. A。从文章的中心意思来看，这几位登山者都在积极地争取第一个到达山顶。故答案选A。
11. B。此处讲到Rudi落在了Saxo的后面，而Rudi要证明自己是一个很优秀的登山者，就必须在此处击败Saxo，争取第一个到达山顶。故答案选B。
12. D。前文提到Rudi与Saxo相遇后，立刻打了起来，在打斗中Saxo意外地受了伤。后面则讲到Rudi是将Saxo转移到安全的地方还是独自上路，因此联系上下文，不难得出Rudi必须马上做出决定，故答案选D(from www.zkenglish.com)。
13. A。联系后文的内容，Rudi将Saxo背下山，所以此处就应为Rudi认为Saxo的生命比他的梦想更重要。故答案选A。
14. B。从后文的内容可以看出，最终是Franz与那位英国登山者到达了山顶，那么此处就应该是他们继续开始攀登。故答案选B。
15. D。根据原文的表述，是Franz与那位英国登山者最终到达了山顶，所以选项A、B、C均不符合题意。而根据原文所隐含的意思，则不难发现文章实质上在赞颂 Rudi 为了救人而勇敢地放弃了自己的梦想的行为。故答案选D。
中考英语完形填空·自强不息(附详解)
My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was ___1___ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he has a problem when you saw him ___2___.
Children in our neighborhood always ran around ___3___ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, ___4___. We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be ___5___ to run like the other children. So he didn’t know.
In ___6___ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, ___7___ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the ___8___. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know.
He ran four to five mile every day—even when he had a fever. I was ___9___, so I went to ___10___ him after school. I found him running ___11___. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept ___12___.
Two weeks later, the names of the team ___13___ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had ___14___ the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn’t do it … so he didn’t know. He just ___15___ it.
1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid
2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk
3. A. after B. before C. during D. till
4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet
5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid
6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth
7. A. so B. if C. then D. because
8. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade
9. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried
10. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for
11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already
12. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running
13. A. jumpers B. runners C. doctors D. teachers
14. A. got B. kept C. made D. found
15. A. did B. had C. left D. took
【答案与解析】文章讲述了Joey一出生便被医生认定不能正常地跑动，但是Joey的父母一直没有把这个情况告诉他。因此Joey就在这种毫不知情的情况下，凭借着自身的努力，终于如愿以偿地入选了校田径队。
1. A。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他生命中的头三年是在医院里度过的”。spend有“花时间于……，度过”的意思，并且spend还可做及物动词，所以放在此处，不仅符合此处的语境，而且也符合此句的语法结构。故答案选A。
2. D。根据前文中The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk，可知医生认为作者的儿子在经过治疗后是能够走路的。因此可推出此处是“在他8岁时，当你看到他走路，你察觉不出他有什么问题”。故答案选D。
3. C。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“邻居家的孩子在他们做游戏时总是跑来跑去”。during的意思为“在……期间”，放在此处符合此处的语境。故答案选C。
4. B。前文提到医生认为作者的儿子将不能正常地跑动，而后文则提到作者没有把这个情况告诉给他的儿子，因此Joey不知道。所以综合前后文，可知此处是“Joey也跳、也跑、也玩耍”。故答案选B。
5. A。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他也许不能像其他的小朋友那样能够正常地跑动”。be able to do的意思为“能够做……事”，故答案选A。
6. B。根据后文中“He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders”，可推知这里是“在七年级时他决定参加校田径队”。故答案选B。
7. D。前文提到Joey每天坚持训练，而且练得比其他任何人都勤，后文则讲述只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中，因此综合前后文的内容联系，不难得出前后文之间形成了一个因果关系，即Joey每天刻苦训练是因为只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中。故答案选D。
8. C。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中代表学校参赛”。故答案选C。
9. D。这里提到Joey每天坚持跑4~5英里，即使在他发烧的时候也没有中断，而前文提到Joey早在出生时就被医生认定是不能正常地跑动，所以根据逻辑思维，作者作为Joey的家长此时一定感到很担心。故答案选D。
10. D。根据前文综述，再对照选项，可得出这里是在讲述作者决定在Joey放学后来找他。故答案选D。
11. D。 根据后文中He has two more miles to go，再对照选项，可推知此处是“我发现他已经在跑了”。故答案选D。
12. D。 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他径直地看着前方，并且一直跑着”。故答案选D。
13. B。 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“两周后，队员名单被公布出来了”，再因为Joey选择的是跑步运动，故答案选B。
14. C。根据前文中We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team，再对照选项，可推知此处应填make，即根据前文中的相同或类似表述可得出。再因为make有“作为……的一分子”的意思，放在此处，意思为Joey加入了田径队。故答案选C。
15. D。根据前文中“We never told him he couldn’t do it… so he didn’t know”，再结合Joey入选校田径队的事实，可推知此处要表达的内容是“他确实参加了”，即Joey是在一种毫不知情的情况下参加了田径队。take的意思有“参加，加入”，故答案选D。
做完形填空的五个注意点
1. 完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
2. 第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。
3. 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4. 每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其他三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。
5. 动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
Fashion not only in Clothes
For most people，the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question，“What ___1___ are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a ___2___ coat.” “His shirt was really a fashionable color.”
But of course there are fashions ___3___ many things，not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are ___4___ fashions in school subjects, jobs…and in languages. Fashions ___5___ as time goes. ___6___ you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different ___7___ one of 1650. A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1850.
Today fashions change very quickly. We hear about things ___8___ more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and televisions send information from one country ___9___ another in a few hours. New fashions mean that people will ___10___ new things, so you see there is money in fashion.
1. A. color B. clothes C. food D. money
2. A. nice B. beautiful C. expensive D. fashionable
3. A. at B. by C. in D. with
4. A. even B. just C. only D. already
5. A. change B. changes C. are changed D. changed
6. A. Where B. When C. If D. As
7. A. on B. for C. with D. from
8. A. very B. much C. too D. quite
9. A. in B. by C. to D. with
10. A. buy B. sell C. get D. use
【答案与解析】
1. B。根据首句“时髦意味着衣服”，很容易推测出要问的是“衣服”。
2. D。根据上文“用同样的方法使用形容词 fashionable”，下文自然是含有fashionable的句子。
3. C。根据下文中的in holidays，in restaurants等，运用语感感知法立刻就能锁定正确选项。
4. A。上句“假期时髦、餐馆时髦……”和本句的“学科时髦、工作时髦……”之间是进一步说明的关系，因此，要选表示递进关系的副词。这四个副词中只有even表示递进关系。
5. A。“时髦随着时间的推移发生变化”，属于客观事实和普遍真理，因此，要用一般现在时(from www.zkenglish.com)。
6. C。“看过去的像片或物品”和“看到时髦总是在变化”是条件与结果的关系，因此，本句应选引导条件状语从句的连词。
7. D。表示“与……不同”，要用固定词组be different from。根据下句中的different from，运用就地发现法，也能立马锁定选项。
8. B。从句子结构方面来看，这是一个表示两者进行比较的句型。根据语法规则“修饰比较级时要用程度副词much”，就可以排除其他选项。
9. C。此处是指“从一个国家，到另一个国家”。表达这一意思时，要用连词词组from... to...。
10. A。根据后半句“明白钱的时髦”，运用科学推理法可知“只有买东西才能知道”，因此，应是“买新东西”。
中考英语完形填空训练·附详解
完形填空No. 01
The best way of learning a language is always using it. The best way of learning spoken English is ___1___ in English as much as possible. Sometimes you’ll get your words ___2___ up and people will not ___3___ you. Sometimes people will ___4___ things too quickly and you can’t understand them. But ___5___ you keep your sense of humor, you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you ___6___. Don’t be unhappy if people seem to be laughing ___7___ your mistakes. It’s ___8___ for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be angry with you, ___9___ they don’t understand what you we saying. The most important thing for learning English is: “Don’t be ___10___ of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.”
1. A. listening B. talking C. reading D. writing
2. A. mix B. mixing C. to mix D. mixed
3. A. like B. know C. help D. understand
4. A. say B. talk C. tell D. speak
5. A. if B. when C. since D. although
6. A. have B. make C. take D. product
7. A. at B. on C. in D. for
8. A. good B. better C. best D. well
9. A. unless B. because C. as soon as D. as long as
10. A. sad B. worry C. afraid D. unhappy
【答案与解析】
1. B。在听、说、读、写四个学习环节中，学英语口语最好的方法只能是“说”才合乎实际。
2. D。宾语的动作由别人来完成时，补足语要用过去分词。
3. D。“说不清，道不明”，听的人自然不 “明白或理解”说的是什么。
4. A。这四个词都有“说”的意思，say着重说的内容，talk 强调两个人之间说话，tell着重把一件事情传给别人，speak 着重说某种语言。“说得太快”指说话的内容而言，因此，选say。
5. A。“保持幽默感”与“嘲笑错误”是条件与结果的关系，所以本句是个条件状语从句。when和since引导时间状语从句，although 引导让步状语从句，只有if引导条件状语从句。
6. B。make a mistake 是个固定词组，意思是“犯错误”。
7. A。laugh at是个固定词组，意思是“嘲笑”。
8. B。“嘲笑……”与“愤怒……”相比较时，要用形容词比较级。good和well是原级，best是最高级。
9. B。“笑话你的错误或向你发脾气”与“不理解说的是什么”是结果与原因的关系，所以该句是个原因状语从句。unless与as long as引导条件状语从句，as soon as引导时间状语从句，只有 because引导原因状语从句。(from www.zkenglish.com)
10. C。选sad 和 happy 不符合上下文语境，也不合逻辑。如选worry，意思上讲得通，英语中却没有 worry of 这个词组，要改成 worry about才对
完形填空No. 02
We should remember that we all learned our own language well when we were children. If we could learn ___1___ second language in the same way, it would not seem so ___2___. Think ___3___ what a small child does. It listens to what people say and tries ______ 4______ what it hears. When it wants something, it has to ask ___5___ it. It is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time. If people ___6___ use a second language all the time, they would learn it quickly.
We learn our own language ___7___ hearing people speak it, not by seeing what they write. We imitate ___8___ what we hear. In school, though you learn to read and write ___9___ to hear and speak, it is the best way ___10___ all the new words through the ear. You can read them, speak them, and write them later.
1. A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. A. easy B. fast C. simple D. difficult
3. A. of B. out C. over D. about
4. A. imitate B. imitating C. to imitate D. imitated
5. A. of B. for C. after D. about
6. A. could B. should C. would D. had to
7. A. of B. by C. on D. with
8. A. what B. when C. where D. how
9. A. and B. but C. as well as D. as long as
10. A. learn B. learns C. learning D. to learn
【答案与解析】
1. A。该题测试冠词的用法，用语法分析法。该句中“学习第二种语言”指的是除了母语之外的任何一种语言，并非特指，而是泛指，因此，要用不定冠词。这样就可排除后面两个选项，second 是以辅音开头的单词，又可否定第二个选项。
2. D。该题用科学推测法。“按照学习母语的方法学习第二种语言，肯定不难”，不可能是“不容易，学得不快，不简单”。
3. A。该题用逐个排除法。回忆学习母语的方法，马上就能想起来，根本用不着思索(think out)，仔细考虑(think over)，这样就能排除中间两个选项。表示“考虑，对……看法”时，think of和think about可互换使用，表示“想起，记起”时，只能用think of，这样又可排除最后一个选项。
4. C。从语法上分析，表示还没有做的事情做宾语时，要用带to的动词不定式；从语境上分析，表示“尽力做某事，设法做某事”时，要用词组try to do sth 来表示。
5. B。根据上半句“想要……”，可推测出下半句是“不得不向……要”，要选一个能与ask构成表示“向……要”意思的介词，这四个介词中，只有for。ask for是个固定词组，根据固定搭配法也能锁定正确选项。
6. D。该题测试情态动词的用法，用语境推测法。“总是在用第二种语言”，一定是受外界条件影响的结果，属于客观条件逼迫着不得不怎么样，因此，要用have to来表示。
7. B。根据句中提供的语境，“学习自己的语言”与“听说”之间，应选一个表示“依据，按照，通过”的介词。这四个介词中，只有by有此意思。从与hearing people speak it相并列的by seeing what they write短语，运用语感感知法，也能迅速锁定选项。
8. A。该题用语法分析法。hear是个及物动词，需要接宾语，when，where，how都是疑问副词，不能充当宾语。(from www.zkenglishlcom)
9. C。该题用语境推测法。“读和写”与“听和说”是并列关系，应选表示并列关系的连词。but表示转折关系，as long as表示条件关系，都不能被选。and 和 as well as 都是“和”的意思，选and时要翻译成“读写和听说”，同时还得去掉原句中的动词不定式符号to，显然不能被选。
10. D。句意为“通过听力学习生词是最好的方法”。这是一个动词不定式短语作主语的句子，其中it是形式主语，指代后面的动词不定式短语。
完形填空No. 03
There have been many great inventions that change the way we live. The first great ___1___ was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easy for man ___2___ heavy things and to travel long distances. For hundreds of years after that, there were ___3___ inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800’s the world started to change ___4___. There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much any more. In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. ___5___ them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These have all become a big part of our life today.
The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies ___6___ sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new ___7___ was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. Of course new inventions continued to be made. Man began looking ___8___ ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took another. Since then other countries，including China and Japan, ___9___ their steps into space. In 1969 man took his biggest step away from earth. ___10___ first walked on the moon. This was certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of.
1. A. scientist B. artist C. musician D. invention
2. A. carry B. carrying C. to carry D. carried
3. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
4. A. largely B. differently C. greatly D. freely
5. A. Between B. Among C. Before D. After
6. A. in B. of C. on D. with
7. A. mistake B. product C. world D. material
8. A. for B. out C. after D. around
9. A. made B. were made C. have made D. hade made
10. A. Chinese B. Japanese C. Americans D. Russians
【答案与解析】
1. D。该题用语境推测法。根据首句所提供的语境——伟大的发明，可推测出本句所列举的应是“第一项大发明”。(from www.zkenglish.com)
2. C。该题用语法分析法。本句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to carry heavy things and to travel long distances。
3. A。该题测试不定代词的用法。invention是可数名词，不能用little和a little来修饰，这样就可以否定后面两个选项。根据上下文所提供的语境，可推知：在车轮被发明之后到18世纪，车轮是最重要的发明，自然就是“几乎没有像车轮一样有影响的发明”，应选表示否定意义的few。
4.C。该题测试副词的辨析，应用语境推测法。根据上下文可知此句意为“19世纪早期世界开始发生巨大的变化”。largely 是“主要地，在很大程度上”的意思，differently 是“不同地”的意思，greatly 是“很，非常”的意思，freely 是“自由地，不受控制”的意思。
5. B。根据上下文语境，如选 Before 和 After，显然语句不通；between指“两者之间”，也不能被选。
6. D。该题测试介词的用法。“有声电影”指画面伴随有声音的电影，这四个介词中，只有with有“随着”的意思。
7. D。根据下文提供的语境可知“1935年生产出了尼龙”，而尼龙是一种生产布匹的原料。
8. A。根据下文的“俄罗斯迈出了第一步，美国紧随其后”，可推知上文是“人类开始寻找进入太空的方法”。这四个词组中，look for意为“寻找”，look out意为“小心，留心”，look after意为“照料”，look around意为“环顾四周”，只有look for才合乎句子要求。
9. C。since then是现在完成时的标志，意思是“此后，从此一直”。在这四个被选项中，made和were made是一般过去时，had made是过去完成时，只有have made是现在完成时。
10. C。这是一道常识题。美国人首次登月是家喻户晓的常识。
200/8中考英语完形填空（有详解）
阅读下面的短文，从所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空：
Once upon a time, some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle(海龟). They began to beat the turtle. Just at that time, a young man came and said to them, “Stop!” The children ran ___1___ quickly. The turtle was very thankful and said, “Thanks for your kindness. I really would like ___2___ you to a wonderful palace now.”
The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secret palace in the sea. When he ___3___ the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle, “What a nice palace!” To thank him, the king of the turtles gave him ___4___. He had never seen such a dinner before. He received a warm welcome there and was very ___5___ everything.
After dinner, the king of the turtles said, “I am going to give you two boxes, ___6___ you can open only one.” “You mustn’t open both. Don’t forget it!” the turtle warned him. “All right. I will open only one,” the young man promised(许诺). At this time, a large wave sent him out of the sea.
After he ___7___, he opened the bigger one of the two boxes. ___8___ the box was full of gold. “My God!” he cried. “I’m ___9___ now.” Then he thought, “Things in the other box must be expensive, too.” He could not wait any longer. He broke his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it, he became an old man. His hair turned white. His face ___10___ an old man over eighty years old. It all happened in a moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.
1. A. through B. away C. into D. out
2. A. wanting B. asking C. to let D. to invite
3. A. left for B. arrived on C. arrived at D. got away
4. A. a very big dinner B. a very poor dinner C. a very bad dinner D. a very small dinner
5. A. pleased with B. strict in C. angry with D. sorry for
6. A. so B. or C. but D. as
7. A. went back to home B. was back home C. went back to the sea D. was back the sea
8. A. To his surprising B. To one’s surprising C. To one’s surprise D. To his surprise
9. A. a poor man B. a rich man C. an old man D. a young man
10. A. liked B. felt like C. looked like D. looked
【答案与解析】
本文讲述一个年轻人因救了海龟而受到宴请和酬谢，但这位年轻人又因太贪心而突然变化的故事。对同学们做人很有启发。
1. B 根据上下文判断，那些孩子们应该是跑走了。所以应选away。
2. D would like 之后应接不定式，年轻人救了海龟的命，海龟应是“邀请年轻人到宫殿去”
3. C 到达某个地方应用arrived at。
4. A 按照逻辑，海龟国王要感谢他，必然设盛宴招待他。所以应选a big dinner。
5. A 海龟国王盛情招待他，所以他对一切都满意 (pleased with对……感到满意)。
6. C 前后是转折关系，选but。
7. B 上段末说他已出海面，所以打开盒子应是回家(went back home) 之后。
8. D 由后文“My God!” he cried 可知，应填To his surprise(使他感到惊讶的是)。
9. B 他得到了金子，当然应该是a rich man。
10.C 由于贪心，他的头发变白了，脸“看起来”像八十多岁的老头。
四、 完形填空与阅读
（一） 知识概要
完形填空是一种在语意封闭的情况下考察学生阅读能力及掌握语言基础知识能力的综合性题目。学生应根据语义完整、语法正确的原则进行通篇阅读。借助文章的现成文字，通过逻辑思维，联系上下文，推断出可能的答案。然后再从所给选择答案中逐空选出在通读全文时脑海中已出现的答案填入空内。试推想在小学五六年级时去读"西游记"，"水浒传"，你也并非每个字都认得，每句话都能真正理解。但你还是可以明了全文的意思，读得有滋有味。这就是语言能力。所以完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否全面理解文章的正确意思，然后选入适当的词语。在选择后还要前后彼此呼应反复验证所选答案。有时答案一时不易验证，不要急于顺序填写，可能在填出后面答案时，而得到前面的答案。有时则需运用所学的词法、句法、时态和固定搭配等知识对4个选项进行分析，比较、排除干扰项，确定正确的答案。待答案全部选定后，一定要复读全文以验证：① 所选答案是否能使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确。② 具体实事是否成立，前后关系是否理顺。③ 语法是否正确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读。而不要在文章空中只写选项的代号，这样影响全文的理解，不易找出错误之处。在做完形填空时，应注意以下几点：
（１） 重视首句，首段的开篇启示作用，读懂了第一句，或第一段有可能预测到全篇大意。
（２） 一定要顾及上下文间的语意联系。在完形填空的设计中，一般是以语义为第一要素同时兼顾语法。有的4个选项单独填入这个单句中全是正确的，但拿到文中从下文联系起来看，则文理不通。为此要通篇考虑，顾及上下文的联系是十分重要的。
（３） 要坚持语意第一的原则，而语法应放于第二位。完形填空形式上是一种单项选择式的考察。但实质上也是一种阅读能力和学生重建文意能力的考察。它一般是利用语法的正确性与内容排斥性的矛盾而命题的。所给答案大都是离开上下文均可说得通的。但语意上辩析、排斥才能找到答案。例如：
It took Charlie Mui several months to save up seven dollars He wanted to ______ a model plane and went to the shop with the money
A sell B buy C hold D bring
这里肯定需要一个动词，所给答案也都是动词，但只能从意义上考虑而选B项。
（４） 要认真注意细节，做到语法正确。一些答案在意义上讲都是正确的，但从线索上看要找出语法正确的答案。如：
Ｍr Evans is an old man of about sixty His wife died a few years ago His chi
ldren ______ him by then．
A left B would leave C have left D had left
答案应为D。这句话正确的语意都是"离开"，但仔细发现有 by then 之说，由此可得出这是个动作的截止时间，应选为 had left 过去完成时态。下面再看一些例子。
（１） 语意第一原则
A young father was visiting an old neighbour They were standing in the old man's garden and talking about ______ ．
A trees B flowers C children D old people
那么他们谈论的中心是什么呢?可能是树、花，由于他们是在花园里谈论。但如果前后的段落配合看，则其谈论的也可能是孩子和老年人。这就是要求我们切勿望文生义。
（２） 语法正确，注意细节的原则
在语意正确的前题下，还要根据学过的语法知识，及词语的固定搭配，选择正确答案。如：
One night the dog began to bark suddenly It made Mr Erens ______ ①______ to sleep He had to get up and tried his ______ ② ______ to stop it， but the beast wouldn't stop， and kept on ______ ③ ______
① A go not B not go C not to go D to not go
② A well B good C better D best
③ A bark B to bark C barking D barked
以上3个小题中所给答案从语意上都是正确的，这就要求选择语法正确的那一个。第一空中根据句子结构，要填一个宾语补足语。而动词 make 后面的定语补足语应省去不定式符号 to， 且其否定式 ＋ not，即不定式的否定式为 not to do， 而省去 to 后则应为 not do． 在动词前直接＋ not故应选B。而第二个空显然是一个固定搭配。语意上为： Mr Erens 尽力地阻止狗叫，所以应选D。 try one's best 是尽力而为之意。第三个空显然是 keep on doing something 连续不断之意，应选 ing 的动词形式。其答案为C。
（３） 根据所给答案的不同词类，从不同角度分别考虑选择
完形填空所给的词往往是不同类的，这就要求对不同词类作不同考虑。如果所缺的是动词，那么首先在选择语意正确的前提下，考虑动词的时态、语态和是否是要填入非谓语动词。若是介词或副词则要考虑是否固定搭配，以及介词、副词在结构和意义上的选择。若是连词，则应更多地从句子结构和上下文的连接上选择。若是代词，则应考虑性、数、格等方面，以及形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。
例如： A man and his wife had a small bar near a station They often worked late into the night， ______ ① ______ people came to drink there while they were ______ ② ______ trainsAt two o'clock one morning， one man was still at a table in the small bar He was asleep The bar man's wife wanted to leave She looked ______ ③ ______ the bar several times， and each time the man was ______ ④ ______ there Then at last she went to her husband and said to him， "You ______ ⑤ ______ that man six times， George ，
______ ⑥ ______ he isn't drinking anything"
① A as soon as B because C so D though
② A catching up with B getting on C looking after D waiting for
③ A at B for C into D out of
④ A always B often C still D already
⑤ A have woken B wake C had woken D will wake
⑥ A and B but C yet D too
从文中看，第一选项，由于给了不同的连词，从意义选择应为B。第二选项均为分词形式，也应从语意上选择，其答案是D。 第三选项给了四个介词，而 into 则是从外向里观看，所以应选C。第四项是副词 still 意为仍然，从意义上应选择C。 而第五项所给的是同个动词，只是时态不同。从故事情景看，只能选完成时态A。
而最后一个选项是连词，由于句意则只能用 but 转折连词。
从目前完形填空初中阶段的考察看，除语意第一外，更多地选择了单词的用法及意义，动词的时态，短语和惯用法等。为此，要做好完形填空题目，除有较好的阅读能力外，更要有扎实的语言基础知识及日常生活的逻辑推理能力。阅读理解能力在教学大纲中有明确的要求。它是目前条件下考查学生英语运用能力的常规题型之一，也是分值最高的题型之一。学生的阅读理解能力如何，标志着学生继续深入学习的潜力有多大，它是集语法，词汇，逻辑推理背景知识于一体的综合语言能力的测试。它除对学生的阅读理解的正确性进行测试外，同时从阅读速度、技巧、文化背景常识等方面对学生进行测试。从近年各地中考题分析看，阅读类测试除为一般常规测试题型外，在试题中所占分值较大，为此应引起学生特别注意。如何做好阅读理解题呢?首先要求考生有足够的基础知识和较好的阅读速度以及技巧方面的训练。同时还要注意以下几个方面的问题。
1 要了解阅读测试的重点
如上所述，阅读过程是一个综合作用的过程，为此阅读的测试就不能仅将着眼点放在语言结构的测试上，而是通过看，通过阅读获取信息的能力。在阅读一篇文章时，我们首先会想到：① 文章说的是什么事情(即中心思想是什么)。② 事情发生的时间、地点、人物是什么。③ 作者所持态度如何。④ 结论是什么。有些说明性信息在文章中容易获取，如：时间、数字、地点、人物等。有些信息如作者的态度，事件的结论，中心思想，文章的标题，则需通过文中线索，说明信息等等去分析推断才能获取。而这些说明性及内隐性的信息正是阅读理解的测试重点内容。而其难点在于理解、推断、得出结论时，应从英语国家的风俗习惯、语言习惯、宗教信仰、民族问题等方面来考虑，而不是仅从中国人的语言习惯来作推论。这也是这方面的难点之一。
例： John drove a taxi through the busy streets of Boston every dayJohn was ____________
A a manager B a driver C a policeman D a dustman
由此我们应能由drive a taxi 来得出结论约翰是位出租车司机而不是别的什么人。
例：Mrs Barker's sister was ill She had someone to look after her from Monday to Friday， but not at the weekend， so every Friday evening Mrs Baker used to go off to spend the weekend at her home in a neighboring town…This meant that Mr Baker … First he had to drive home from the station Then he had to drive his wife to the station to catch her trainWho was ill? ____________
A MrBaker B Mrs Baker
C Mr Baker's sister D Mrs Baker's sister
从这些只言片语中可以看出有三个人物出场，而问题的设计是表浅的，只要细心即可。
［答案］ D.
从中考阅读命题中，由于考虑到考生的能力有限，和大部分学生毕业的要求，语言结构的测试占很大一部分比重。但对于要考入重点中学的学生来讲，仅仅几分较高要求的题目可能会决定他们的升学命运。因为这一部分分值是往往使学生棘手的那些隐性问题的测试。如：
Like many other families in 1870， Katie Olson and her family had come to the grassy plains of Kansas Katie liked the prairie and their new sold house But with no friends to play with， she was very lonely Besides her mother and father， she had only her little brother， Matt， for company She missed their old home in Wisconsir Then one day her father had exciting news Some settlers had bought the farm near the Olson's land Katie became so excited on hearing the news that she thought she might burst She begged her father to let her ride over with him to greet their new neighborsThe two rode across the prairie They found Mr and Mrs Laski were hard at working building their sod home Katie was disappointed She had hoped there would be some children to play with But soon Mr Laski called out" Anna， and Carl, come out of the wagon" A boy and a girl jumped down and came over to Katie Katie didn't believe it Her wish had come true
1 Who was the most important person in the story?
A Matt B Katie C Mr Laski D Anna and Carl
2 What was Katie's problem in the story?
A She had no friend. B She didn't like Kansas.
C She couldn't ride a horse. D She didn't like Anna and Carl.
从上文中看，信息的获得不是直接的，而是必须通过整个文章的阅读，理清人物关系，掌握中心思想，才能作出正确的判定。如第一问故事中人物众多，但一直到读完才知，故事讲述了一个女孩Katie的事情。则她是故事的中心，所以应选择B 第二问是测试通过阅读是否了解了人物的心理情绪。这些信息必须通过线索，综合判定，从而其结论是A。
2 阅读理解的解题思路和方法
阅读理解的测试点是在通过由于阅读所能够获取信息的能力上，所以解题思路的重点应放在：
(1) 通读全文，了解文章的主题和大意；了解作者的写作目的、对事件的态度上。
People sometimes change their way of doing business In a village in Africa， people are using money for the first time They're doing business with the world Before this tribe (部落) used money， people came to the market in the village to trade (交易) things they had for things they needed Now people must use money to buy what they wantBefore using money， people helped one another Their father who was head of the family， gave food， and clothing to his sons and their families In return， the sons worked for their father Now people no longer work for one another free Instead， they are paid for the work they doWhen a new road was needed. Everyone in the village helped build it, Now people must pay money to the village chief (首领) for roads and schools The chief hires workers to build these new projects More and better roads and schools are being builtIt is not easy for people to change a way of doing business To change from trading goods to using money takes time
① The story doesn't say so， but it makes you think that ____________.
A family members often quarrel (争吵) about money
B Africans do not change their way of doing business
C Africans refuse to use money
D families do not help one another in the same way now
［答案］ D.
② On the whole this story is about ____________
A the life of some Africans
B changing from goods to using money
C people helps one another
D building roads across Africa
［答案］ B.
从以上的问题看，所设提问均不是对某个具体事实。而是真对整篇文章，由此可见通读全文，掌握中心和作者的态度的重要性。
(2) 要注重文句间的相互关系。既注重主要情节又不可忽视细节。中考中阅读命题很多情况下是对事件的某个细节而进行测试的。
例：… on Saturday afternoon they began with the back of the house The next Saturday Tom went to a football match while his wife painted the front of the house The next day they found they couldn't open any of the front windows They get them open at last， but they broke three of the seven and they were very expensive to repair
① They lasted for about ______ days
A two B three
C more than seven D Less than seven
［答案］ A.
② They had to get someone to make repair for ______ windows
A seven B four C ten D three
［答案］ D.
第一问中，如不分析第一句和第二句中的两个 Saturday， 很可能会选择答案C。事实上，他们只干了两个 Saturday， 而不是从这个星期六到下个星期六的7天时间。而第二问是他们弄坏了所有7个窗户中的3个，所以应选D。
(3) 特别注意首尾句在整个文章中的作用，以及它起到的启示和结论性作用。
例： Man has a big brain He can think， learn and speak……but no animal learns when we speak? Scientists do not really know They only know that man can speak because he has a big brain
这篇文章只要我们注意了首尾句，即可得出结论，它是讲述人类大脑与语言的关系的。人脑的其中一个作用是使他拥有语言，也就是和动物 apes， dogs 有了根本的区别。这样这篇文章的许多细节可以迎刃而解了。
① In what way are men different from animals?
A Men can understand things quickly.
B Men can learn.
C Men have learned language.
D Men have brains.
［答案］ C.
② Scientists now know ______
A how children learn to speak
B why apes can learn a few words
C men's brain helps him to learn to speak
D what happens when men speak
［答案］ C.
③ What is the topic the writer wants to talk about?
A ape's language
B men's brain and language
C human brain
D animals' learning
［答案］ B.
以上只是做阅读练习中的一般分析，要取得优异成绩，还有赖于扎实的阅读基础和语言能力，以及平时的技巧训练和刻苦练习。要坚持每天至少读三四篇文章，以逐步提高自己的英语水平。
(二) 例题解析
通读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。
Once there was a clever farmer Though he was poor， he decided one day to take the king a roast goose (烤鹅) as a present He had not had ____ 1 ____to cat that day， and soon the ____ 2 ____ of the roast goose became too much for him as (当……时) he ____ 3 ____ it to the king， so he ate one of its legsWhen he came before the king and gave him the goose， the king ____ 4 ____ saw that it had only one legNow， the king ____ 5 ____ was born with one bad leg， so he had never been able to ____ 6 ____ properly (正常地) When he saw the goose with only one leg， he thought the farmer had ____ 7 ____ this to laugh at him Of course he was very ____ 8 ____ The farmer was told that if anybody laughed at the king， he would be ____ 9____ at once"Where is ____ 10 ____ leg of the goose?" the king asked" All the geese (goose 的复数) in this ____ 11 ____ of the country have one leg only， " the farmer answered"Do you think I'm a fool(傻子)?" the king shouted"____ 12 ____ ，" said the farmer， "if you look out of the window， you will see geese with one leg by the ____ 13____ "The king looked， and there the geese were ____ 14 ____ on one leg beside the water The king at once told one of his men to ____ 15 ____ them with a big stick， and of course， they ____ 16 ____ their other legs and ran away
"There， " said the king " You were lying(说谎) That ____ 17 ____ that the geese here have two legs， like all other ____ 18 ____ in the country""But it doesn't show anything，" answered the farmer， "if your men threw a big stick like that at me， I would grow two ____19 ____ legs myself to help me to run away ____ 20 ____ "
1 A less B all C little D much
2 A head B neck C smell D temperature
3 A returned B carried C sent D handed
4 A at once B at last C by then D on time
5 A once B really C himself D yet
6 A come B walk C see D eat
7 A kept B done C made D found
8 A sorry B worried C sad D angry
9 A helped B killed C saved D covered
10 A other B another C that D the other
11 A city B village C farm D part
12 A Certainly not B Of course C That's nothing D Never mind
13 A hole B forest C lake D house
14 A swimming B resting C flying D lying
15 A fill B lock C hit D keep
16 A sent up B put down C did with D moved away
17 A shows B talks C sees D knows
18 A geese B animals C legs D farmers
19 A slower B faster C less D more
20 A more slowly B more carefully C faster D earlier
［答案］ 1 D 2 C 3 B 4 A 5 C
6 B 7 B 8 D 9 B 10 D
11 D 12 A 13 C 14 B 15 C
16 B 17 A 18 A 19 D 20 C
其中1选 much是应能从文章字里行间中猜到的，它应为much food to eat 而将food 省略。2要知道 smell 可以作系动词，但也可以作名词，而4则为多个短语的词语辨析：at once 立刻， at last 最终， by then 到那时为止，on time 准时。所以应为at once 7则要熟悉英语的习惯用法，即干这件事要用do，而不用make 10之所以要用D则是因为鹅有两只腿，由于只剩一只而问另一只哪里去了，要用特指的定冠词。而 other 则为泛指的形容词，一般指复数， another虽然也指单数，但也应用于泛指的情况。而11题因其后有 of the country， 是在乡村的这个部分，所以只能用part country 是不可数名词作"乡村"讲，作为可数名词则作"国家"讲。而作"乡村"讲时，前面的定冠词不可少。19则是要通读全文才知道鹅一只腿站立体息，而一被哄赶则放下另一只腿跑走了，人是两条腿站着，当被哄赶时那应是再长出两条腿奔跑着逃走。由此可见中考的难题越来越不在语法项，而在阅读和完形上用以选拔高质量的学生。
We were going to play a team from a country school They didn't come until the game time arrived They looked ____ 1 ____ than we had thought They were wearing dirty blue jeans (仔裤) and looked like farm boys We even thought that they had never seen a basketball beforeWe all sat down We felt that we didn't ____ 2 ____ any practice (训练) against a team like thatIt was already so late that no ____ 3 ____ could be given to them for a warmupThe game beganOne of our boys ____ 4 ____ the ball and he shot (掷) a long pass to our forward (前锋) From out of nowhere a boy in a dirty Tshirt ____ 5____ the pass and with a beautiful form (姿势) he shot and got two points (分)They ____ 6 ____ usThen they got another ____ 7____ of points in a minute
Soon it was all over The country team ____ 8____ usWe certainly learned that even though a team is good， there is usually another ____ 9 ____ a little better But the important lesson learned was: One can't tell a man， or a team， by the ____10 ____
1 A stronger B younger C worse D less
2 A get B try C use D need
3 A basket B space C ball D time
4 A got B played C missed D carried
5 A caught B changed C started D stopped
6 A surprised B kept C broke D hit
7 A half B pair C group D double
8 A won B saved C beat D joined
9 A just B already C about D almost
10 A Tshirts B clothes C places D points
［答案］ 1 C 2 D 3 D 4 A 5 D
6 A 7 B 8 C 9 A 10 B
［析］ 在1题中可以看出stronger， younger worse， less 四个选项全可以选，语法是正确的。从文章开始到这里并看不出其原因为什么要选择C，这时只能将其选择空出往后面看，所以提醒考生要注意的是千万不要一一对完形填空作出选择，有很多情况 是后面的情景决定了前面的选择。当看到 We even thought that they had never seen a basketball before 和 We felt that we didn't need (2) any practice against a team like that 则就肯定会得到第一个空的选项决不是比我们强壮，也不可能是少，更不可能是年轻、而是球技不佳，比我们差得很远。而5题是要仔细考虑才能得到正确的结论。这四个动词都可以用在篮球运动中，但要注意的是，其后面的名词是pass，在这里应译为"长传"。而这个长传这里决不是开始，而是被截住了。所以这里应用stopped。 即"拦截了一个长传。"而 caught 的宾语应换为ball球就对了。B 选项为"改变"，用于这里就不合题意了。而7项虽然很多人都知道篮球规则，投一球按两分计算，但这里应选哪个词则拿不准了，主要在B选项与D选项之间发生了问题。不知double的真实意义是"加倍，翻一翻"之意，还是"一对，一双，两倍"之意。其困难点还有9项，它的选择应为 just，这是由全文所决定的。它的意思是不论一个队多么好，总会有一个队会比你强出一点儿，哪怕是仅仅一点点。这也就是完形填空不易拿满分之处。这里要提醒大家的是：语言是十分灵活的，要经常不断地学习思考才会有所进步。
Peter was a small boy He lived with his parents in a small house near some hills The people there were all poorOne night it was very dry and windyWhen everybody was asleep， Peter suddenly heard some noise It came out from the kitchen (厨房) He got up and walked to the kitchen He found that the wood beside the stove (火炉) was burning There was no water tap (水龙头) in the house， so he could not put out (扑灭) the fire He shouted loudly to wake up everyone in the house Then he ran out of his house and knocked on the doors of many houses to wake the people up They all left their houses quicklyAt last the fire was put out by the firemen Many houses were burnt But nobody was hurt in the fire
1 Peter lived with his ______
A sisters B brothers C uncles D parents
2 One night he found that ______ beside the stove was burning
A the table B the wood C the door D the window
3______ ， so he could not put out the fire
A Everybody was asleep B He couldn't shout loudly
C The kitchen was very big D There was no water tap in the house
4 Peter knocked on the doors of many houses ______z
A to wake the people up B to get some water
C to find his classmates D to visit them
5______ hurt in the fire
A People in other houses were B Peter's parents were
C Nobody was D Peter was
［答案］ 1 D 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 C
［析］ 本题属于表层理解阅读考查题目，因为完成其答案所需要的信息基本上可以直接从文章中获取，并不太多的需要推理和对环境，习俗的分析与了解。例如1题可直接从文章中 He lived with his parents in a small…中获取。2 题则可以从 He found that the wood beside the stove was buring 获取答案。3 题几乎是文章中的原句， There was no water tap in the house 所以得分率会很高。4 题也可从文章中：Then he ran out of his house and knocked on the doors of many houses to wake the people up 直接找出答案。5题的答案则可以从文章中最后一句获得，如： But nobody was hurt in the fire。 这样的阅读题目，是属于表层理解题目，也就是为了那些获取毕业成绩的分数所设计的。其目的在于对普通同学给予适当的分以求达到毕业之目的。这样的题目虽然容易，但还是要小心为好，不要粗心大意，以免不必要的丢分。
"You're just in time， Joe We're going to play cowboys (牛仔) and Indians， and you can be the Indians， " one of my cousins (堂兄弟) said"How many Indians?" I asked"Oh， about a thousand，" he answered， and before I could say no， I was pushed out into the night and became a thousand Indians Two minutes later I was running in the fields with a group of cowboys behind The shouts of "After them Let's catch the killers!" and other such TVplay language came into my ears as I ran round a corner and hurried into my Grandpa's car"We've got him, boys Let's go and catch him!"But no one wanted to come to get me All of my cousins except one were always very friendly with me It was quiet outside And I went out of the car to have a lookJust then I heard a shout， "Bring the rope (绳子)， and we can burn him""Only Indians burn people Cowboys …，" I stopped just in time I had almost said， "Cowboys hang (绞死) people"I was tied to a tree， and the cowboys were looking for some wood when my dear mother called， "We're leaving now""Untie me，" I shouted "We're going""Why did Bobby want matches (火柴)?" Mum asked when we were in the car "He was asking Dad whether he had any""Oh， he was just going to matches? MATCHES? Are you sure he wanted matches?"Mother was quite sure， and I didn't say any more
1 How many children played the Indians?
A One thousand. B One hundred. C One group. D One.
2 Why did Joe's cousin say that Joe was just in time? Because ______
A there were not enough children for the game
B the game was just going to start
C none of his cousins wanted to be the Indians
D they were waiting for Joe
3 Joe didn't say "Cowboys hang people" out because ______
A he was tied to a tree
B that would make things worse
C he was caught by the cowboys
D that would make the cowboys angry
4 Which of the following is TRUE?
A One of Joe's cousins was looking for matches.
B Dad didn't want to give the children any matches.
C Bobby wanted to get some matches from his father.
D Mum didn't think children should play with matches.
5 The name of the story should be "______ "
A Joe and his cousins
B Who knows what danger is waiting there
C CowboysandIndians is a favourite children's game
D How cowboys and Indians fought in the past
［答案］ 1 D 2 C 3 B 4 A 5 B
［析］ 本文在阅读过程中会感到难度，而其问题与选项的设计更为困难。其难点不仅在于要阅读好文章，而且要对问题和问题中的选择项作深入仔细地阅读。如1题的问句之意是有多少个孩子在游戏中扮演印第安人。而文章中又有"How many Indians?" I asked 当作者问到有多少印第安人时，其答语为" about a thousand" 这对于看不懂全文，而只认识个别单词的人就是一种很强的误导作用。因题目中问的是 How many，而文章中的数字是 a thousand 但如果认真往下看则会发现： I was pushed out into the night and became a thousand Indians 我被推入了黑暗之中变成了一千个印第安人。所以文章暗示了一个小孩来扮演一千个印第安人。这种题目的得分率自然不会很高。紧接而来的2题则更困难，问题问的是 Joe 的堂兄说他来的正是时候，是因为 ______。这是要认真去推理来判定的。由文中的句子 and before I could say no …这显然暗示了作者并不想扮演这样的角色，所以可以推论是没有人愿意扮演这个角色，但正在这个时候 Joe 来了，而且不由分说把 Joe 推入了角色之中。而3题则更加困难，其题目之意是"Joe 没有说出牛仔是绞死人"的这一句话是为了什么 ______。从文章中 Joe 被一群孩子追逐后被抓住，十分不高兴，想从中解脱出来。因其他孩子讲我们可以烧死他。所以 Joe 为了摆脱困境而要讲出的话是："只有印第安人才烧人，而牛仔是用绳子绞死人。"后半句没有讲出来，是因为他看到如果要烧死人还需要找柴，找火柴，还是要一段时间的，但绳子就在他身上，如果绞死人那几乎是立刻马上之事。所以其答案选择了B。 这样的话可能会使事情更糟。4 题的题目是简单的，即下面陈述中那个是真实的。由于中考英语答案是唯一的，所以只有一个是符合标准的。这时可以采用选取正确答案的方法，但实际上更好的办法是排除法。把不正确的排除后再对其他项进行对比，作出选择。这叫作所谓的排除法。首先排除的应是C选项，因文章中讲在他们上车回家的路上妈妈问他："为什么 Bobby 要火柴，他问爸爸是否有火柴。" 这里的爸爸显然指的是 Joe 的爸爸而不是 Bobby的爸爸。而其他三个选项则都处于可选之例：如A项应为 Joe 的一个堂兄在找火柴。B项是爸爸不想给孩子任何火柴。D项是妈妈认为孩子们不应玩火柴。而B项，在文章中根本没有进述Joe 爸爸的态度，所以应首先放弃，而D项是可以从推理中得到的，要不然他的母亲不会在车上问这个问题，但是文章中并未直接提出来，所以只有A是对的。因其妈妈讲 Bobby 是向 Joe的爸爸寻找火柴。而5项则更是要全文反复阅读才可能领会到其中的原由的。文章的题目要概括全部文章内容，但更重要的是从中抽取最重要的，也就是作者的主要意图。从文章的最后两句，当作者反问他妈妈时说："他真的在找火柴?火柴、你敢肯定他是在找火柴吗?"妈妈表示十分肯定，而作者再也不讲什么了。显然他感到如果玩下去危险的存在。所以其答案是B。这也就是中考中要求较高的题目，虽然分数不多但对要进入重点高中的学生来说，这是个关键问题，也就是成功与失败的焦点所在。
例：We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers Our car was full of flowers inside! On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights， and there my wife saw the bookshelfIt stood outside a furniture (家具)shop "Buy it，" she said at once "We'll carry it home on the roofrack(车顶架) I've always wanted one like that"What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer， and the bookshelf was tied on to the roofrack It was tall andnarrow， quite heavy tooAs it was getting darker， I drove slowly Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening The police even stopped traffic to let us through Carrying furniture was a good ideaAfter a time my wife said， "There's a long line of cars behind Why don't they overtake(超车)?"Just at that time a police car did overtake The two officers (警官) inside looked at us seriously when they went past But then， with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy traffic The police car stopped at our village church(教堂)One of the officers came to me"Right， sir，"he said"Do you need any more help now?"I didn't quite understand"Thanks， officer，" I said "You've been very kind I live just down the road"He was looking at our things: first at the
flowers， then at the bookshelf "Well， well，" he said and laughed "It's a bookshelf you've got there! We thought it was－er something else"My wife began to laugh Suddenly I understood why the police drove here I smilcd at the officer "Yes， it's a bookshelf， but thanks again" I drove home as fast as I could
1 From the story we know that ______
A the writer was poor and didn't buy the bookshelf for his wife
B the writer's wife didn't like the bookshelf at all
C the writer was always glad to buy something for his wife
D the writer was not very glad to buy the bookshelf for his wife
2 What made the writer think that carrying furniture was "a good idea"?
A He could drive slowly and it was safe
B Other drivers would let him go first
C His wife could use a new bookshelf
D He could save a lot of money and time
3 Why were the police and other drivers so kind to the writer?
A Because they thought the writer liked studying very much and needed a bookshelf
B Because they didn't think it was polite to overtake a car with a bookshelf on it
C Because they thought somebody in the writer's family had died and he needed help
D Because they thought it was dangerous to carry a bookshelf on a car
4 Why did the writer's wife begin to laugh?
A Because now she knew what mistake the police had made
B Because at last her husband understood why the police had driven to the church
C Because the officer was always looking at the flowcrs and the bookshelf
D Because the police had helped them a lot
5 When did the officers begin to realize(意识到)they had made a mistake?
A Before they arrived at the church
B Before they overtook (overtake的过去式) the writer's car
C After one of them looked at the flowers and the bookshelf carefully at the church
D After the writer's family left the church
［答案］ 1D 2B 3C 4A 5C
［析］ 这篇文章有英国幽默的味道。英国的幽默是十分特别的，它一般都是讲述一个故事，但当结尾时仅几句话则道出天机来。对于这样的文章要从头认真看到尾，不要在考场中为了赶时间自认为是全懂了，其实则不然。造成不必要的丢分。从1题可以看出作者十分不情愿地为其妻子买了个书架呢。第二段则出现"Buy it"这样的祈使句。初学者不易看出里面的原委。要知道祈使句在对话中常常带有命令，或不客气之意，所以从这里开始已看出作者的情绪了。其后的What can I do?又是一句抱怨的话，"我还能作什么吗?"其后又是一句风趣的抱怨：Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer即暗示十分不情愿地又花了20美元。所以其答案是D。其后2题则是推理题，从作者买了书架之后一连串的奇怪事情发生了。首先是其他的驾驶员开车对他十分的礼貌，甚至警察阻挡其他车辆让他先行。所以其答案是B。第3题则一句道破天机。因为前两件事已使作者感到奇怪了。后来警察竟然亲自驾驶汽车为他开道。而且警察并不知道他要去什么地方就把他带到教堂来了。这是因为英美人一生三件大事都要在教堂做：其一是出生时在教堂洗礼，其二是结婚，其三则是死亡。所以警察不问其由而将他带到教堂是为了帮助他。所以答案是C。当警察讲到We thought it was …er something else?时，显然有个词是不好意思讲出口的，所以道出了文章的真实情况。这时不难对5题作出答复其答案是C。
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