新目标英语2014中考复习学案3 七下 6页

‎2014中考英语复习学案3‎ ‎ 新目标七年级英语(下)‎ Unit1-Unit3‎ 一．读一读，记一记：‎ 短语 Unit1‎ ‎1. pen pal = penfriend 笔友 ‎ ‎2. look at….. 看… /have a look(at…….) 看一看(….) ‎ ‎3. in these countries 在这些国家 ‎ ‎4. have brothers and/or sisters 有兄弟和/或姐妹 ‎ ‎5. the answer(s) to the question(s) 这道(些)问题的答案 ‎ ‎6. play sports 做运动 ‎ ‎7. write to sb. (soon) / write a letter to sb. (快点儿)给某人写信 ‎ Unit2‎ ‎ 1. on(in) the street 在大街上/ on Center Street /on Bridge Street / on Fifth Avenue ‎ ‎ 2. prep. Across from ... 在...对面 in front of ... 在…的前面(范围之外)‎ ‎ in the front of ... 在…的前面(范围之内)‎ ‎ next to ... 挨着… , 紧靠…的旁边 ‎ between .. and ... 在…和…之间 ‎ behind ... 在…的后面 through穿过…(透过介质的内部)/ across 横过… ‎ ‎3. in the neighborhood 在附近地区 ‎ ‎4. go straight 径直走 ‎5 go along/down... 沿着...往前走 walk along/down...沿着...往前走 ‎ ‎6 turn left / right 左转弯/右转弯 ‎7. on the right/left 在右边/在左边 ‎ ‎8. a busy street 一条繁华的大街 ‎ ‎9. a small house with an interesting garden(后置定语) ‎ 一个带着有趣花园的小房子 ‎10. a good place to have fun(后置定语) 一个让人开心的好地方 ‎ ‎→a good place to do sth(动词不定式作后置定语). 一个做某事的好地方 ‎ ‎11. the way to sw. 通往某地的路 → the way home 回家的路 ‎ on the way to... 在通往某地的路上 → ‎ on one’s way to .. 在某人去某地的路上 / (on one’s way home) 在某人回家的路上 ‎12. take a taxi 打车/打的 ‎ ‎13. go through... 穿过... ... ‎ ‎14. turn left at New Park 在新公园往左拐 Unit 3‎ 1. in the south of China 在中国的南方 2. be friendly to sb. 对某人很友好 ‎ ‎ be kind to sb. 对某人很友善（善良） ‎ 1. play with sb 和某人一起玩 play with sth. 玩耍…..‎ 2. eat grass / eat meat / eat leaves 吃草、吃肉、吃树叶 3. on the grass 在草地上 4. during the day 在白天（期间）‎ 5. at night 在夜间 6. sleep and relax 20 hours every day 每天睡觉和放松20个小时 重点词汇 动词 pay turn enjoy pass visit take hope relax 介词 across through between during ‎ 形容词 open friendly other 二．忆一忆，听一听 ‎★考点1【辨析】cross/across/through/over/‎ ‎1.across是介词，强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其含义常与介词on有关，常和表示“走”一类的动词（如：walk，run，fly，jump等）连用。‎ Go across the bridge，and you’ll find the park.‎ 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。‎ The little girl ran across the road. 这个小女孩横穿马路。‎ ‎2.cross是动词，表示“穿过、越过、渡过”。‎ The old man is crossing the road. 这位老人正在穿过马路。‎ Be careful when you cross the street. 过街时你要小心。‎ ‎3.through是介词，表示从某一范围的一端到另一端，但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。‎ The river runs through the city. 这条河从这座城市中间流过。‎ Can you see it through this hole? 你能透过这个洞看到它吗？‎ ‎4.over是介词，用作“穿过、通过”时，表示到达高的障碍物（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）的另一侧。‎ He jumped over the wall. 他跳过了墙。‎ The horse jumped over the fence. 马跳过栅栏。‎ 注 意：‎ 如果不强调动作，只说明处于墙、篱笆或山等障碍物的另一侧时，over和across也可互换。‎ If we can be over/across the mountain before 8 o’clock，we can be helped.‎ 如果我们八点前能到达山那边，我们就能获救。‎ ‎★考点2【辨析】between/among ‎1. among 一般用于三者或三者以上的“在……中间”，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数(或集合)意义的名词或代词。如：‎ They hid themselves among the trees. 他们躲在树林中。‎ I found it among a pile of old books. 我在一堆旧书中找到了它。‎ 注：among 还用于下列情况：‎ ‎ (1) 用来引出最高级的比较范围。如：‎ The book is the best among the modern novels. 在现代小说中这本是最好的。‎ ‎ (2) 表示“是……当中的一个”(相当于 one of)。如：‎ I was among the first to come. 我是来得最早的一个。‎ Paris is among the largest cities in the world. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。‎ ‎2. between 一般指两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由 and 连接的两个人或物。如：‎ There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个孩子打过一次架。‎ The baby crawled between his father’s legs. 婴儿在他父亲的双腿中间爬。‎ I’m usually free between Tuesday and Thursday. 我通常在星期二与星期四之间有空。‎ 注：在下列情况，between 可用于三者：‎ ‎ (1) 两个以上的人或物用 and 连接时。如：‎ between A, B and C 在 A、B、C 之间 ‎ (2) 涉及事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系时。如：‎ the difference between the three of them 他们三者之间的区别 the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系 ‎ (3) 在 divide, share 等表示“分享”之类的动词之后，若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用 among 和 between 均可。如：‎ He divided his money among [between] his five sons. 他把钱分给了 5 个儿子。‎ ‎★考点3【辨析】spend/pay/cost/take ‎1.spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构： (1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。 例：I spent two hours on this maths problem.  这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。 例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge.  造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。 例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。  2. cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示"值"， 常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。 例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。 例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。   注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 3. take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种： (1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。 例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。 (2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。 例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。  4. pay的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。 例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 (2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。 例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。 例：Don‘t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。‎ ‎ (4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。  例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 ★考点4【归纳】if/unless引导的条件句 If 和 unless引导的条件状语从句 我们用if引导的条件状语从句来讨论可能的条件以及该条件成立时可能的结果。一. 学习if引导的条件状语从句的用法，我们可先从如下的口诀入手：‎ If条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；‎ 条件句，放在前，逗号要句中间 条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；‎ 条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。‎ We can walk there if we can’t find a bus. 如果我们找不到公车，也能走路去那里 主句 条件状语从句 If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去动物园 条件状语从句 主句 What will you go if you find someone in danger? ‎ Unless 的条件句 表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一件事，中文用的连接词一般是“除非”和“否则”。如：除非刮台风，否则演唱会将如期进行。在英语中，我们可以用unless表达这个意思，相当于if not。以这个句子为例：‎ The concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon.‎ ‎= the concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoon She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. 她会一直唱下去，除非有人叫她停止 ‎= she will keep on singing if she is not told to stop 也可以用or(否则) 来做同义句转换 Unless you listen carefully, you won’t know the answer. ‎ ‎= if you don’t listen carefully, you won’t know the answer.‎ ‎= you should listen carefully, or you won’t know the answer.‎ 三．看一看，练一练 ‎1.Don’t drive so fast! We must slow down when we drive the tunnel. ‎ A. past B. across C. over D. through ‎2.—I left my keys in the room yesterday. I had to get in_______ the window.‎ ‎—It's dangerous to do that. ‎ A. in B. through C. over D. to[‎ ‎3.Sam likes trekking_______the jungle, because he thinks it's exciting. ‎ A.over B.under C.across D.through ‎4.---Can a plane fly _____ the Atlantic Ocean ? ‎ ‎----Yes, but it needs to go ______ the clouds for hours. ‎ ‎ A. across; through B. through; across C. across; across D. through; through ‎ ‎5.The old man is a good swimmer, and even now he often swims _____ Tuojiang River after supper.‎ ‎ A. over B. through C. to D. across ‎6.Before the bridge was built ______ the river, the villagers had to take a boat to the other side.‎ A. in B. beside C. across D. along ‎7.—I left my keys in the room yesterday. I had to get in_______ the window.‎ ‎—It's dangerous to do that.‎ A. in B. through C. over D. to ‎8.The moonlight goes _____ the window and makes the room bright.‎ A. across B. through C. over D. in ‎1.His grade in the exam put him the top students in his class. ‎ A. between B. over C. among D. above ‎2.The accident happened ______ 7 p. m. ______ 9 p. m.. ‎ A. from; to B. between; to C. from; and D. between; and ‎3.—It’s a top secret.—Yes, I see. I will keep the secret you and me. ‎ ‎ A. with B. among C. between ‎4.Some students often listen to music _____ classes to refresh themselves. ‎ ‎ A. between B. among C. over D. during ‎ ‎5.Wushu is becoming more and more popular _____ foreigners. ‎ ‎ A. among B. for C. in D. to ‎ ‎6.—Guess, how much does it cost? —I think it costs _____15 and 20 dollars. ‎ A. from B. between C. among D. with ‎ ‎7.– Peter,can you tell me the differences_______the four words?-Sorry,I don’t know. ‎ ‎ A. between B. among C. for ‎ ‎8.The workers will build a new railroad______ the two cities.‎ ‎ A. since B. between C. as D. During ‎9.–What do you often do ________ classes to relax?‎ ‎ –Listen to music or walk around the school.‎ A. over B. through C. between ‎ ‎10.We can see a playground the two tall buildings.‎ A. between B. among C. in ‎1.--I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week. ‎ ‎ --Really? _______ he comes, my younger sister will be very happy,‎ ‎ A．If B．Until C．Unless D．Before ‎2.We’ll visit Expo 2010 Shanghai this Sunday___it rains or it’s very hot． A．since B．if C．unless D．until ‎3.— Emma failed her exams . I think she should work harder — I agree . ________ she does , she ’ll get good grades . ‎ A. If B. Because C. Before D. Though ‎4.----Would you like to go for a walk with me , Allen ?‎ ‎ ---- I’d love to , ______ you don’t want to go alone. ‎ ‎ A. until B. before C. if D. after ‎ ‎5.I won’t pass the exam ______I work hard. ‎ A. whenever B. because C. if D. unless ‎6.In summer , food goes bad easily _____it is put in the refrigerator. ‎ A. until B. if C. unless ‎ ‎7.一I can stay and help you_________ you like．‎ ‎ 一So nice of you．Bill．‎ A．until B．．though C．if D．and ‎8.You will achieve nothing _ you work hard.‎ A. if B. unless C. when D. that ‎9.We can easily become unhappy_____ we work out our problems in our daily life. ‎ A. after B. if C. until D. unless ‎ ‎10.You won't feel happy at school _______ you get on well with your classmates.‎ A. though B. when C. unless D. because ‎11.I won't take part in Julie's birthday party ________I am invited.‎ A.unless B.after C.because D.if ‎ ‎12.Learning to write is learning to think. You don’t know things clearly _______ you can write them down.‎ ‎ A. unless B. if C. since D. whether ‎13.Your dream won’t come true ______ you know what your dream is. ‎ ‎ A. after B. unless C. while D. since ‎14.－Your aunt often walks the dog in the morning.‎ ‎ －Yeah, bad weather stops her.‎ ‎ A. when B. unless C. because D. since ‎1..How much does the ticket ______ from Shanghai to Beijing? ‎ ‎ A. cost B. took C. spend D. pay ‎2.—What’s your plan for this weekend? ‎ ‎—I’m going to ______ it with my grandparents.‎ ‎ A. cost B. spend C. give D. pay ‎3.—This dress looks beautiful on you. How much is it?  ‎ —It _______ me more than a thousand yuan. A. spent B. cost C. took D. Paid ‎4.— I’ve shown you all the interesting and important places of our school.‎ ‎— Thank you for so much time. ‎ ‎ A. taking B. spending C. costing D. having ‎5.— How much is the ticket to Central Park?‎ ‎—A one-way ticket ______ $40, and you can ______ another $20 for a round-trip.‎ A. costs, pay B. cost, spend C. pay, spend D. spends, pay ‎6. Paul’s parents were worried that he too much time chatting on line. ‎ ‎ A. spent B. paid C. took ‎7.— Do you know the price of the ticket?‎ ‎—Yes. Each______¥180.‎ A. pays B. costs C. takes D. spends