中考英语书面表达讲解及范文分析 6页

书面表达解题方法及技巧 一、认真审题，确定时态人称，同时关注题材格式 ‎　 1、时态：故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。‎ ‎　　 说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。‎ ‎　　 根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，如过去和现在的对比等。‎ ‎　　 如果句中出现了时间状语，时态则要遵循时间状语。‎ ‎　　 如ago，last…——过去时　　next，in…——将来时等 ‎　　2、人称：注意在句子中人称的统一。‎ ‎　　如：Thanks to the teachers, we have improved our English.‎ ‎　　其中we和our就是人称的统一。‎ ‎　　格式：注意书信格式的开头和结尾。‎ 二、找全信息点，紧扣主题，突出重点 ‎1、切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全，找齐信息点，建议用铅笔标出，写完后再涂掉。‎ ‎　　2、根据题目，可适当增加合理内容。‎ ‎　　3、特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。‎ 三、成文时表述正确，文字流畅 ‎1、切忌与汉语提示的一一对应，使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。‎ ‎2、先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾，主系表等)。‎ ‎3、同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。‎ 四、文章结构清晰，重点句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一个档次 ‎1、考虑文章的篇章结构，使用适当的连接短语，使文章结构紧凑。‎ 常用连接词：‎ ‎（1）.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second…，And then，Finally，In the end，At last ‎（2）.表并列补充关系的：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition ‎（3）.表转折对比关系的：However，On the contrary，but， Although +从句，‎ In spite of + n/doing，On the one hand…On the other hand…，Some…，while others…‎ ‎（4）.表因果关系的：Because，As，So，Thus，Therefore，As a result ‎（5）.表换一种方式表达：In other words ‎（6）.表进行举例说明：For example+句子;For instance+句子;such as +n/doing ‎（7）.表陈述事实：In fact ‎（8）.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion ‎（9）.表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary ‎2、文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。‎ ‎　　宾语从句举例：I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous.‎ ‎　　状语从句举例：If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful.‎ 动名词做主语举例：Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes.‎ ‎　 it做形式主语举例：It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.‎ ‎3、补充：常用状语从句句型：‎ ‎　　（1)时间when，not…until，as soon as ‎　　（2)目的so that +从句 ‎（3)结果so…that+从句，too…to do(太……以至于……)‎ ‎　　（4)条件if，unless(除非)，as long as(只要)‎ ‎　　（5)让步though，although，even though，even if ‎　 　no matter what/when/where/who/which/how ‎　　（6)比较as…as…，not so…as…，than 五、认真检查，检查信息点是否全面，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰， 短语使用、 单词拼写是否准确等。检查后，将草稿誊写在纸上，请注意按结构分段，书写清晰。‎ ‎　　下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误：‎ ‎　　1.We live more and more comfortable.‎ ‎　　改正：comfortably(副词修饰动词)‎ ‎　　2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers.‎ ‎　　改正：much information ‎　　(不可数名词由much修饰)‎ ‎　　3.There has many programs in TV.‎ ‎　　改正：There are many programs on TV.‎ ‎　　(There be句型和介词短语)‎ ‎　　4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.‎ ‎　　改正：I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(动名词作主语)‎ 六、练习或模仿不同题材的文章，特别注意改错总结和吸取范文中好的结构与表达方法，适当运用于自己的文章中。‎ 七、段落组成 单词组成句子 →句子构成段落 →段落构成文章。‎ 段落组成可遵循以下模式：‎ 主题句——是开门见山落笔点题的句子，要鲜明、清楚、简洁明了。‎ ‎↓‎ 拓展句——根据主题句的意思，按一定的线索（可以按时间先后、发展顺序或空间变化等为线索）逐次展开。‎ ‎↓‎ 结束句——回应主题句，首尾呼应，画龙点睛。要深刻、发人深省。‎ 例文分析 ‎（一）Life is just a mirror, you smile at it, and it smiles at you, too. 请你以“Learn to Smile”为题，根据下列的要点写一篇100词左右的文章（文章开头已给出）。‎ ‎①学会对自己微笑;②学会对别人微笑;③微笑的重要性 短文必须包括所以内容要点，适当发挥，使短文连贯通顺。‎ Learn to Smile I remember a song by Westlife, the first sentence of it is “Just a smile and the rain is gone.” Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【解题技巧】‎ ‎（1）审题 本篇作文考查的体裁为议论文。本文指出我们不仅要学会对自己微笑，还要学会对别人微笑，同时指出学会微笑的重要性。‎ ‎（2）列举写作要点 学会对自己微笑 ‎1、面对困难与烦恼学会微笑（考试失利、被别人误解等）。‎ ‎2、使你自信，击败你的人有时就是你自己。‎ ‎3、有益于身心健康。‎ 学会对他人微笑 ‎1、便于与他人之间的交流、。‎ ‎2、给别人带来快乐，自己也快乐。‎ 微笑是一种语言 人人都能懂，传递友谊，拉近距离。‎ ‎（3）列出关键短语和句型 Smile at sb.; misunderstand; pass love and friendship on; helps shorten the distance between you and other people ‎【范文】‎ Learn to Smile I remember a song by Westlife, the first sentence of it is “Just a smile and the rain is gone.” Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile.‎ First, learn to smile at yourself when something unpleasant happens in your life. If you fail an exam or you are misunderstood by your friends, don’t be sad. Just smile at yourself. Smiling at yourself brings back your confidence. Sometimes the one who beats you is not others, but yourself. And smile can also keep you healthy.‎ Second, learn to smile at others. It will make you communicate better with people. Smiling at others makes yourself happy as well.‎ In a word, smile is a kind of language belonging to everyone. It passes love and friendship and helps shorten the distance between you and other people. Living with a smile, every day will be shiny.‎ ‎（二）假如你叫王刚，你们学校新增了不少校规校纪，请你根据下面的表格提示并结合实际，给远在美国的朋友Tom发一封80词左右的e-mail，向他简单介绍你学校的校规校纪，并对学校的这一做法，发表自己的看法。‎ What you should do Respect teachers, wear uniforms, …‎ What you shouldn’t do Bring anything dangerous, wear earrings, …‎ ‎【解题技巧】这是一篇与学校生活有关的材料作文。任务中给出的提示信息包含两方面的内容，即在学校应该做的事情和禁止做的事。抓住了这亮点，我们就抓住了文章的核心内容。具体来说，写这篇文章时，要注意:‎ ‎1、提示中的校规校纪没有全部列出，可适当补充；‎ ‎2、为使文章层次清楚，可将first, second, third等放在要描述的每条校规前；‎ ‎3、描述校规时可以使用祈使句，也可使用“We must…/We mustn’t…/We aren’t allowed to do…”‎ ‎【写作模版】‎ 引出话题→New term has begun and we have some new school rules.‎ ‎↓‎ 描述规则→First, we must…Second, listen carefully…Third…‎ ‎↓‎ 发表看法→I think these school rules are…‎ ‎【范文】‎ Dear Tom,‎ New term has begun and we have some new school rules. Here are some rules we must obey. First, we must respect our teachers and get along well with our classmates. Second, listen carefully to teachers in class and don’t do things that have nothing to do with our studies. Third, we aren’t allowed to bring anything dangerous to school. Fourth, we must wear uniforms at school. Fifth, boys aren’t allowed to wear long hair and girls aren’t allowed to wear earrings. I think these rules are good for us. We must obey them.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Wang Gang ‎【练一练】假设你是Li Ming, 本周末班里举行英语角活动，讨论游泳安全问题。请你用英语写一篇简短发言稿。要点如下：‎ ‎ 1、游泳有益健康，但有些地方不安全；‎ ‎ 2、不要独自到江河游泳，应有家人或朋友陪伴；‎ ‎ 3、游泳前做好准备工作，不要仓促下水；‎ ‎ 4、游泳时相互关照，时间不要太长；‎ ‎ 5、写一至两点个人建议。‎ Fellow students,‎ ‎ Summer vocation is coming. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ That’s all. Thank you.‎ 假设你是Li Ming, 本周末班里举行英语角活动，讨论游泳安全问题。请你用英语写一篇简短发言稿。‎ 要点如下：‎ ‎ 1、 游泳有益健康，但有些地方不安全；‎ ‎ 2、 不要独自到江河游泳，应有家人或朋友陪伴；‎ ‎ 3、 游泳前做好准备工作，不要仓促下水；‎ ‎ 4、 游泳时相互关照，时间不要太长；‎ ‎ 5、 写一至两点个人建议。‎ ‎1、Fellow students,‎ ‎    Summer vocation is coming. And swimming safety becomes a big problem. I know swimming is a great way to keep fit and relax. However, not every place is suitable for us to swim. And I’d like to give you some advice to keep off the danger. The most important thing you have to know is that you are not supposed to swim in a deep river. Also, you can’t go swimming by yourself. You’d better go with your friends or your families. And before you swim, you should get ready for it instead of jumping into the water in a hurry. What’s more, you also have to look after your friends while you are swimming. Of course, you mustn’t swim for too long so that you and your partner won’t feel tired. Besides, if your swimming skill is not very good. You’d better not swim.‎ ‎    That’s all. Thank you. ‎ ‎2、Fellow students,‎ ‎    Summer vacation is coming. The weather becomes hotter and hotter. Swimming is one of the best sports for us to get cool. But swimming is also a dangerous sport. Here is some advice that can help you to be safe.‎ ‎    First, student shouldn’t swim in somewhere too deep, like rivers. Swimming pool is a good place. Second, students can’t swim alone. If you want to swim, you have to go with your parents or friends. Another important thing is that students should do some sports before swimming. Making your body hot can be safer. And you can’t swim for too long.‎ When you enjoy yourself in the water, don’t forget to take good care of yourself. ‎ That’s all. Thank you.‎ ‎3、Fellow students,‎ Summer vocation is coming. Now I’m going to talk about how to swim safely. You know, swimming is a sport that most of us like because it can help us keep in good health. But there are still some things we should care about. First of all, it’s dangerous for us to swim in rivers alone. So we had better go with our parents or friends. Next, before we get into the river, we should make sure that we have got enough preparations. Then, it’s dangerous to swim in a large circle. Swim in a small circle and you will get help quickly if you are in trouble and try to keep your swimming time a little shorter. Last but not the least, don’t swim in a river if there is a sigh says “No Swimming” . I hope all of us would do this sport in safe ways.‎ ‎ That’s all. Thank you.‎