中考英语毕节总复习语法专题讲义专题9　非谓语动词 4页

专题九　非谓语动词 毕节五年中考命题规律及趋势 近五年毕节中考考情分析 ‎2019年毕节中考命题预测 年份 考查角度 考查重点 题号 分值 预计2019年毕节中考非谓语动词仍是高频考点，倾向于考查非谓语动词的具体用法，主要以单项填空、完形填空、短文改错的形式出现，考查的小题数约3—4道。‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查It is＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.的用法 ‎23‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查ask sb.to do sth.的用法 ‎25‎ ‎ 1‎ ‎2019‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查forget to do sth.的用法 ‎28‎ ‎ 1‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查sth. to drink的用法 ‎29‎ ‎1‎ 考查spend time (in) doing sth.的用法 ‎30‎ ‎1‎ 毕节中考考点突破 ‎　动词不定式 ‎1．作主语 To do sports is healthy.做运动是健康的。‎ 注意：作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎2．作表语 ‎ His dream is to be an artist.他的梦想是成为一名艺术家。‎ ‎3．作宾语 I'd like to help homeless people.我想要帮助无家可归的人们。‎ 常见的这类动词不定式做宾语的有：want，like，would like，love，prefer，hope，wish，try，ask，start，begin，learn，agree，forget，remember，need，decide，choose，afford，help，mean，order，plan，wish，expect，forget，hope，try，agree，promise，manage，volunteer，pretend等。‎ 注意：(1)begin和start后可以接to do，也可接doing，意思基本相同；‎ ‎(2)forget to do表示忘记还没有做的事情；forget doing表示忘记已经做过的事情；‎ ‎(3)remember to do表示记得将要去做某事；remember doing表示记得做过的事情；‎ ‎(4)like，love，prefer 接to do 表示短暂性动作，接doing时表示经常性或习惯性动作；‎ ‎(5)stop to do 表示停下来去做另一件事；stop doing 表示停止正在做的事；‎ ‎(6)need to do表示需要去做某事(主动含义)；need doing需要做某事(被动含义)。‎ ‎4．作宾补 ‎ You could ask the director of hospital to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.你可以要求医院的院长让你去看望并鼓励孩子们。‎ 不定式做宾补，不定式的动作是宾语发出的，而不是主语发出的。常见的跟不定式作宾补的动词有以下：‎ want，ask，need，teach，tell，invite，order，allow，force，advise，persuade，would like。‎ 注意：(1)感官动词后既可接不带to的不定式，也可接现在分词；接不定式时指“(看到、听到、见到)全过程”，接现在分词时指“瞬间动作”。这种用法常见的感官动词有see，hear，watch，notice，feel等。如：‎ I heard the girl singing in the next room.我听到那个女孩正在隔壁房间里唱歌。‎ I always hear the girl sing in the next room.我经常听到那个女孩在隔壁房间里唱歌。‎ ‎(2)在使役动词make，let，have后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补。如：‎ My mom often lets me help her clean the house.我妈妈经常让我帮她打扫房间。‎ ‎5．作定语 动词不定式作定语时，被修饰的名词为它的逻辑宾语。如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，要带上必要的介词。 如：‎ He has no place to live in.他没有地方可以居住了。‎ ‎6．作状语 主要作目的状语，也可作结果状语和原因状语。动词不定式的动作是主语发出的。如：‎ She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.她每周去那做一次志愿活动，教孩子们阅读。(作目的状语)‎ Paul is too excited to say anything.保罗太兴奋了，以至于他什么都说不出。(作结果状语)‎ I am sorry to hear that your mother was ill in hospital.听说你妈妈生病住院了，我很难过。(作原因状语)‎ ‎7．动词不定式的特殊句型 ‎(1)too…to…表示“太……而不能……”。如：‎ The boy is too young to look after himself.那个男孩太小不能照顾自己。‎ ‎(2)…enough to…表示“……足够……”。如：‎ He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学的年龄了。‎ ‎(3)Why don't you＋不带to的不定式？＝Why not＋不带to的不定式？如：‎ Why don't you get her a camera？＝Why not get her a camera？为什么不给她买个照相机呢？‎ ‎(4)had better＋(not＋)不带to的不定式。如：‎ You'd better not stay there today.你今天最好别待在那儿。‎ ‎(5)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如：‎ She prefers to receive a small meaningful gift rather than receive a lot of money.她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。‎ 单项填空。‎ ‎(　A　)(2019黔西南中考)Parents should always tell their kids ______ with strangers.‎ A．not to talk B．not talking C．to not talk D．not talk ‎　分词 分词分为现在分词和过去分词。‎ ‎1．现在分词 ‎(1)现在分词作定语，可放在被修饰的名词之前或之后。如：‎ The boy standing under the tree is handsome.站在树下的男孩很英俊。‎ ‎(2)现在分词作伴随状语。如：‎ The girl came in the room，carrying a bunch of flowers.这个女孩带着一束花进了房间。‎ ‎2．过去分词 ‎(1)做定语。如：‎ I know the girl called Mary.我认识这个名叫玛丽的女孩。‎ ‎(2)作表语。如：‎ His car is broken.他的车坏了。‎ ‎(3)作宾补：have sth.＋done表示使某事被做。如：‎ Mr.Smith had his hair cut.史密斯先生剪头发了。‎ 单项填空。‎ ‎(　C　)1.(2019南京中考)Some people enjoy ______ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.‎ A．to send　　　　　B．send C．sending D．sent ‎(　D　)2.(2019毕节二模)Dave is a good boy and he always finishes ______ his homework on time.‎ A．do B．to do C．does D．doing 毕节中考题例及解析 单项填空。‎ ‎(　 　)1.(2019毕节中考)It's very important for us ______ English well.‎ A．learn B．learns C．to learn D．learning ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：对我们来说，学好英语是很重要的。固定句型：It is＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事是……”，故选C。‎ ‎(　 　)2.(2019毕节中考)My parents always ask me ______ more vegetables and fruit.‎ A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．eats ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我父母经常让我多吃蔬菜和水果。固定搭配：ask sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，故选C。‎ ‎(　 　)3.(2019毕节中考)Don't forget ______ thanks when other people help you.‎ A．accept B．to accept C．say D．to say ‎【解析】考查语境理解及非谓语动词的用法。句意：当别人帮助你的时候，不要忘了说谢谢。accept接受，不符合句意，A、B两项排除；固定搭配：forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事”，根据题意应用动词不定式，故选D。‎ ‎(　 　)4.(2019毕节中考)—Would you like something______．‎ ‎—Yes，I'd like some______．‎ A．drink；orange B．to drink；orange C．to eat；orange D．eat；oranges ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：——你想要喝点什么吗？——是的，我想要一些橙汁。Would you like sth.后面接动词不定式，所以排除A和D；orange作“橙汁”讲时，为不可数名词，故选B。‎ ‎(　 　)5.(2019毕节中考)Most students spend too much time ______ computer games.‎ A．playing B．play C．plays D．played ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：大多数学生花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。固定搭配：spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花时间做某事”，故选A。‎ 考 点 抢 测 ‎　动词不定式 单项填空。‎ ‎(　D　)1.(2019南充中考)—Have you ever read the traditional story Yu Gong Moves a Mountain?‎ ‎—Yes，our teacher often advises us ______ more meaningful traditional books.‎ A．reading B．reads C．read D．to read ‎(　C　)2.(2019重庆中考B卷)Their parents don't allow them ______ in the river because it's really dangerous.‎ A．swim B．swimming C．to swim D．swam ‎(　A　)3.(2019孝感中考)Attention，please! Without permission，children are not allowed ______ alone here.‎ A．to swim B．swimming C．swim D．swam ‎(　B　)4.(2019安顺中考)—You should do what you can ______ your English，Li Ming.‎ ‎—OK，I will.Thank you，Ms.Hu.‎ A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved ‎　分词 ‎(　B　)1.(2019黔西南中考)Please stop ______ and go out for a walk.Remember ______ warm clothes.‎ A．to study；wearing B．studying；to wear C．to study；to wear D．studying；wearing ‎(　B　)2.(2019襄阳中考)The traffic is terribly busy in the morning.You'd better avoid ______ in the center of the city.‎ A．drive B．driving C．to drive D．driven ‎(　D　)3.(2019达州中考)—Jack，remember ______ off the lights when ______ your bedroom.‎ ‎—OK，I won't forget，Mom.‎ A．turning；leaving B．to turn；leave C．turning；left D．to turn；leaving ‎(　D　)4.(2019上海中考)Sue practices ______ the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.‎ A．play B．played C．to play D．playing