中考形容词专题讲解与练习 11页

‎ 学 案 学科 英语 年级 初三 班级 教师 ‎ 课题 上课时间 学习 目标 形容词 学习 重点 三种级别 学习 难点 词义辨析 教 学 流 程 中考专题复习 形容词 ‎ I、形容词 （一） 定义：说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词 ‎ 的词叫形容词。‎ ‎（二）形容词的用法和在句中的位置 1. 作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词(something，anything，nothing，everything)之后。‎ ‎ The beautiful girl is my sister.‎ ‎ I have something important to tell you. ‎ ‎2.作表语，放在系动词之后。(look,feel,smell,sound….)‎ He looks happy today.‎ Our school is big and clean.‎ I felt terrible this morning.‎ 3. 作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。‎ ‎ I find it hard to travel around the big city.‎ ‎ You must keep your eyes closed.‎ 4. 某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见的形容词有：‎ ‎ dood/ bad , rich/ poor, young/bad, deaf/ blind,black/ white,living/dead等 The young should be polite to the old.‎ The rich should hlep the poor.‎ 5. 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。‎ ‎【注】在英语中，表示事物的长、宽、高、深等时，主要有两种表达方式：‎ 结构：“基数词 + 单位名词+ 形容词（long,wide,tall, deep等）”。‎ 如果数词超过1，单位名词要用复数形式。‎ ‎【注】单位词有： meter; foot; inch; kilogram 等 ‎ Yao Ming is over 2 meters tall. ‎ ‎ The river is 50 meters wide.‎ How long is the river？ It’s about two hundred metres long.‎ 6. 只能作表语的形容词：‎ ‎ afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；frightened ‎ The man is ill.（正） ‎ ‎ The ill man is my uncle.（误）‎ ‎7. 貌似副词的形容词：lonely；friendly；lively；lovely ‎ ‎( ) The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel ＿＿＿ . ‎ A. alone B. lonely C. happily D. friendly  ‎（三）、形容词的排列顺序 当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时，形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。‎ 一般规则为：‎ ‎ （限定词）→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→（名词）。‎ ‎ There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village. ‎ ‎（四）、有一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定式 ‎ ‎ ‎ be +‎ glad, happy, pleased ‎+ to do sth.‎ sorry, sad, sure, kind ready, afraid, able easy, difficult 3. I’m very sad to hear the bad news. ‎ ‎（五） 常见名词变形容词的方法：‎ 名词 构成方法 意义 举例 表示天气的名词 ‎-y 多…….的 cloud – cloudy wind- windy sun-sunny ‎ 表示方位的名词 ‎-ern ‎……的方位 west –western east –eastern 表示称谓的名词 ‎-ly ‎……般的 friend –friendly ‎ 表示时间的名词 ‎- ly ‎ 每…..的 week –weekly day –daily 表示物质的名词 ‎ - en ‎……制成的 wood – wooden gold – golden 表示情感的名词 ‎- ful ‎- y ‎-less ‎……的 无……的 care-careful use – useful ‎ luck-lucky noise- noisy hope- hopeless care-careless 表示大洲和国家的名词 ‎-n ‎…... 的 ‎……的人 Asia –Asian ‎ America- American ‎（六）、使用形容词的几个常用句型.‎ It’s +adj + of+ sb+to do sth (careful, careless, clever, foolish, good, kind, lazy, nice, polite, right,wrong)‎ It’s +adj + for+ sb + to do sth (dangerous, difficult, easy ,hard, important, possible, impossible,interesting,‎ ‎ necessary, pleasant, safe, useful )‎ II、形容词的比较级、最高级 ‎ ‎1. 分类：形容词有原级，比较级 (“更加/比较…. 的”)，最高级(“最….的”). ‎ 原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。‎ ‎(A).规则变化： ‎ ‎ 单音节和少数双音节形容词的规则变化. ‎ ‎(1).一般在形容词词尾直接加er构成比较级, 直接加est构成最高级，‎ tall→taller→tallest， long→longer→longest, short→shortest ‎ ‎ (2). 以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，只需加r构成比较级, 加st构成最高级。‎ nice→nicer→nicest, fine→ finer→finest, large→larger→largest ‎ (3). 以辅—元—辅结尾的重读闭音节形容词，先双写这个辅音字母，‎ 再加 er构成比较级，加est构成最高级，‎ big→bigger→biggest， hot→hotter→hottest, red→redder→reddest ‎ ‎(4). 以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，先把y变为i，‎ 再加er构成比较级, 加est构成最高级，‎ ‎ busy→buier→busiest, easy→easier→easiest. ‎ ‎(5) 部分双音节形容词和多音节形容词 在原级前加more构成比较级, 在原级前加most构成最高级，‎ ‎ tiring→more tiring→most tiring, ‎ ‎（B） 不规则变化:‎ 原级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的,‎ bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地 worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数)‎ more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 far远的；远地 farther更远的；更远地 farthest最远的；最远地 further进一步的(地)‎ furthest最深刻的(地)‎ ‎2.形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：‎ 一、原级的用法 ‎1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too,rather ‎2.原级常用的句型结构 句子使用原级的两大标志 ‎ a. 当句中含有as (so)…as…时，句子一般使用原级.‎ ‎ (肯定句中只能用as, 而否定句中可用so或as) ‎ ‎（1）A= B-----A+谓语动词+ as +adj / adv的原级+ as +B 表示 “A和B一样”‎ ‎ ☆表示两者之间没有差别：‎ （2） A＜B---A +谓语动词+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B 表示 “A不如B…”‎ ‎ ☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人：‎ ‎ This room is not as/so big as that one. ‎ ‎ b. 当形容词前含有quite, so, too, very等副词时，句子一般用原级，‎ He is too tired to walk on. ‎ ‎ I am very hungry now, but I don’t want to eat. ‎ 二、形容词比较级的用法 ‎1.可以修饰比较级的词.‎ much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一点儿even甚至，still仍然 ‎ 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型：‎ ‎ A+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+‘B’+….‎ ‎ Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. ‎ ‎2.句子使用比较级的三大标志： ‎ a. 当句中含有than一词时, 句子一般使用比较级, ‎ 结构: “形容词比较级+than…. ”, ‎ 意为:“比…更加……”. ‎ b. 当句中含有…, A or B? 时，句子一般使用比较级。‎ ‎【注】形容词比较级的修饰语 ‎1．形容词比较级前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly之类表示程度的状语：‎ ‎ He’s feeling much better today. ‎ ‎2．也可在比较级前any, no, some, even, still这类词：‎ Do you feel any better today?  ‎ ‎3．比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：‎ My sister is ten years younger than me.  ‎ 三. 形容词最高级用法 ‎1. 句子使用最高级的四大标志：‎ a. the + 最高级 + 比较范围 （in/of+比较范围）‎ ‎【注】 在句子中，形容词最高级前一般必须有定冠词the. ‎ ‎ 当形容词的最高级前有物主代词或名词所有格时，就不再用定冠词the Jim is my best friend. ‎ John’s worse habit is getting up late. ‎ b.the +序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词 c. one of +the +形容词的最高级+复数名词 ‎ d. “特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。‎ 四.级别的转换 ‎1).原级与比较级的转换 ‎ a). 倍数+ as …as → (倍数-1)+比较级+than ‎ ‎2).比较级与最高级的转换 ‎ a). the +最高级+ of / in ……‎ ‎ +any other +单数名词 ‎ b). 比较级+than +the other +复数名词 ‎ +anyone else ‎ ‎ +any of the other+复名 ‎ ‎ c). Nobody else + 比较级 + than …… ‎ ‎ 五.级别的惯用法 ‎1. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 ‎ ‎ He is getting taller and taller.‎ ‎2. “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。‎ The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.‎ ‎3.“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。(of the twins/parents…)‎ Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ‎ 4. 当adj 的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the . ‎ ‎ This is my best book of all.‎ ‎5.有些含有比较级的句子里，常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those (复数名词)代替前面提到的词，以避免重复。‎ The weather in Beijing is colder than ____ in Guangzhou in winter.‎ The boys in our class are more than _____ in your class.‎ ‎ 易混形容词 ‎1．older 和elder ‎ ‎ older，是old 的比较级， 表示“较老的，较旧的，年级较大的”；elder原级，一般用于比较一家人的年龄长幼“年长的”‎ e.g. 1.Your bike is ______ than mine .‎ ‎ 2.H’s my _________brother.‎ ‎2．ill和sick ‎ 都表示“病的，生病的”，都可以作表语，但作定语只能用sick。而ill不能作定语（ill作定语时是“坏的”）‎ The ______man is his uncle.‎ He has been _________for two days .‎ ‎3.good ,well,fine,和nice good 是形容词，用作表语和定语，它表示电影、书籍等某种东西的内容好，或者表示人品好、善良等。This is a good book well 作形容词和副词。作形容词时只作表语，指身体健康；‎ ‎---How are you ?‎ ‎---I am very ____/Fine ,thank you .‎ fine 通常指天气好，气质好，发育好等。‎ It’s a fine /nice day ‎ nice 往往指“令人喜悦的。讨人喜欢的”人，味道，言语，天气等 Nice to meet you ‎ ‎2014年中考英语试题汇编—形容词 ‎1.【2014铜仁】DaShan is _______ at Chinese. He can speak Chinese very _______.‎ ‎ A. good, good B. well, well C. good, well D. well, good ‎2.【2014铜仁】The Yangzi River is one of _______ in the world.‎ A. the longest rivers B. the longest river ‎ C. longer rivers D. longer river ‎3.【2014黄冈】—Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world.‎ ‎—That is, it is larger than _______ country in Asia.‎ A. any B. any other C. other D. another ‎4【2014连云港】Mr. Black used to be busy. But now he’s tired and , so he has plenty of ‎ time to exercise.‎ A. hard B. calm C. free D. nervous ‎5【2014河北】Water is the cheapest drink. And it is also ______. ‎ A. healthier B. healthiest C. the healthier D. the healthiest ‎ ‎6.【2014河北】How ______ Cindy grows! She’s almost as tall as her mother now. ‎ A. cute B. strong C. fast D. straight ‎ ‎7.【2014达州】—My teachers often encourage me ______ more friends but I find it difficult.‎ ‎ —Your teachers’ idea is right. The more friends you make, ______ you will be.‎ A. to make; the more happy B. to make; happier C. making; the happier D. to make; the happier ‎8.【2014湖北咸宁】—What do you think of her teaching English?‎ ‎ —Great! No one teaches ______ in our school. ‎ ‎ A. good B. worse C. better D. best ‎9.【2014昆明】—Although Ms Zhou is an old lady, she is always in the pink.‎ ‎ —Yes. Because she exercises every day and eats a balanced ______ diet. ‎ A. healthy B. lucky C. beautiful D. creative ‎10.【2014昆明】—Where would you like to go this Mid-Autumn Festival? ‎ ‎ —I’d like to go _______. ‎ A. everywhere relaxing B. somewhere relaxing ‎ C. peaceful anywhere D. peaceful somewhere ‎ ‎11.【2014昆明】—It’s smoggy these days. That’s terrible!‎ ‎—Yes, I hope to plant trees. ______ trees, ______air pollution.‎ A. The more; the fewer B. the less; the more ‎ C. The less; the fewer D. The more; the less ‎ ‎12.【2014昆明】The safety of food has become one of the ______ problems in our daily life. ‎ A. more expensive B. more important ‎ C. most expensive D. most important ‎13.【2014鄂州】—If you prefer the red evening dress, you’ll have to pay ______ 30 dollars, because it’s made of silk.‎ ‎ —OK. Here you are.‎ ‎ A. other B. the other C. more D. another ‎14.【2014南京】—Do you enjoy Han Lei’s songs?‎ ‎ —Yes. He is the winner of I’m Singer Ⅱ. I can’t think of anyone with a ______ ‎ voice.‎ ‎ A. better B. best C. more D. most ‎15.【2014黔西南州】The bread smells ______ and it sells ______.‎ ‎ A. well; good B. good; good C. good; well D. well; well ‎16.【2014重庆市A】—That clothes store is ______ on weekends.‎ ‎ —I see. I’ll go there next Monday then.‎ A. open B. close C. opened D. closed ‎17.【2014安徽】It is ______ for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.‎ A. bad B. easy C. hard D. right ‎18.【2014重庆市】Come here at Christmas! You can buy ______ clothes in a year.‎ A. the cheapest B. cheaper C. the worst D. worse ‎19.【2014杭州】Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose the_____ one to save some money for a cap.‎ ‎ A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive ‎20.【2014呼和浩特】The box was _____ than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home.‎ ‎ A. more heavier B. much heavier ‎ ‎ C. little heavier D. very heavier ‎21.【2014苏州】—The picture is, I have to say, not a bit beautiful.‎ ‎—Why? It’s ______ than the pictures I have ever seen.‎ A. far more beautiful B. much less beautiful C. no more beautiful D. any less beautiful ‎22.【2014天津】—Is there_____ beef in the fridge? ‎ ‎ —No, there isn’t. There is ______ pork.‎ A. some; any B. any; any C. some; some D. any; some ‎23.【2014天津】Mo Yan is one of _____ writers in the world.‎ A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous ‎24.【2014陕西】Lucy is a(n) ______ student, she answers the teachers’ questions ______ in her class.‎ ‎ A. more active; more actively B. active; more actively ‎ C. more active; the most actively D. active; the most actively ‎25.【2014南昌】You have to be ______ and wait until I finish my work.‎ A. patient B. strict C. honest D. active ‎26.【2014济宁】—Have you heard the song Stay Here Forever?‎ ‎—Yes. It sounds _______. ‎ ‎ A. well B. loudly C. sweet D. beautifully ‎ ‎27.【2014枣庄】Tom doesn’t like thrillers because it’s ______.‎ A. funny B. interesting C. exciting D. scary ‎28.【2014枣庄】Of all the teachers I love the ones who are ______ because they treat students as their family members.‎ A. the strongest B. the friendliest ‎ C. the most experienced D. the funniest ‎29.【2014枣庄】She likes _______ cookies. They are hard dry and easily broken.‎ A. salty B. sweet C. sour D. crispy ‎30.【2014东营】Overseas experience may help make our life . So why not try to study abroad?‎ ‎ A. usual B. useful C. successful D. traditional ‎31.【2014甘肃白银】Some of the tired students keep their eyes ______ in breaks. ‎ ‎ A. opened B. close C. closed D. open ‎32.【2014甘肃白银】Many students say that if there were no examinations they should have ‎ ‎______ at school.‎ ‎ A. the happiest time B. a more happier time ‎ ‎ C. much happiest time D. a much happier time ‎33.【2014温州】Leo was so _______ that he rushed to the kitchen, hoping to find something to eat.‎ ‎ A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired D. sleepy ‎34.【2014湖州】Mona doesn’t like making speeches. She feels _______ talking in front of the class.‎ ‎ A. annoyed B. excited C. nervous D. surprised ‎35.【2014宜宾】The old man was so _______ the good news that he couldn’t say a word.‎ A. interested in B. excited about C. afraid of D. worried about ‎36.【2014嘉兴】My grandfather is over 80, but he is still in good health and stay _______. http://w ww.xkb 1.com A. safe B. warm C. awake D. active ‎37.【2014嘉兴】—Do you like eating fish, Wang Hai?‎ ‎ —Of course. Nothing can be _______, I think.‎ ‎ A. delicious B. beautiful C. more delicious D. more beautiful ‎38.【2014绍兴】—Guess what! Teresa makes her own clothes.‎ ‎ —Wow, she is so _______. I could never do that. ‎ ‎ A. simple B. creative C. popular D. energetic ‎39【2014台州】The fruits are _______, because they were picked from the garden just now. ‎ ‎ A. fresh B. cheap C. big D. unhealthy ‎40.【2014滨州】—Tom, are you _______ boy in your class?‎ ‎ —No, but John is. I’m shorter than him. ‎ ‎ A. the tallest B. the shortest C. the youngest D. the oldest ‎41【2014菏泽】People who eat a balanced diet should be _______ than those who only eat hamburgers.‎ ‎ A. clever B. cleverer C. healthy D. healthier ‎2011形容词题总汇 1. English people can’t give up hamburgers or fried chicken because they’re delicious . However , the French are ‎ changing . They aren’t interested in ____ food like before .‎ A. fast B. healthy C. natural ‎2. ------ Mr. Smith , I don’t think we can get there on time by bike.‎ ‎------ You mean it’s ____ four us to take a taxi ? ‎ A. necessary B. important C. possible D. difficult ‎ ‎3. ------ Are you satisfied with the result of the exam ?‎ ‎------ Not at all , I can’t have ____ . ‎ A. a worse one B. a better one ‎ C. the worst one D. the best one ‎ ‎4. ------ We all like Miss Wang. ‎ ‎------ I agree with you . She always makes her English classes ____ .‎ A . interested B. interest C. interesting ‎5. ------ I wore sports shoes to the ball yesterday evening by mistake!‎ ‎------ Oh , dear ,you must be very ____ at the ball !‎ A. embarrassed B. satisfied C. tired D. surprised ‎ ‎6. ------ How is your father feeling today ?‎ ‎------ Much ____ . He can’t go to work today. ‎ A. bad B. worse C. better ‎7. ---- Steve is good at writing short stories.‎ ‎------ So he is . But he writes _____ than us. So he can’t get good grades in writing.‎ A. most carefully B. more carefully ‎ C. less carefully D. least carefully ‎ ‎8. ------ have you ever seen the movie called Los Angeles 2011?‎ ‎------ Yes , but I think it’s ____ . I fell asleep when I saw it .‎ A. exciting B. boring C. bored D. excited ‎ ‎9. The actress is already 50, but she looks ____ than she really is . ‎ A. young B. more young C. more younger D. much younger ‎10.We have a lovely room. It’s one of ____ in the hotel.‎ A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D. the nicest ‎11.Of all the subjects , chemistry seems to be ____ for me .‎ A. difficult B. too difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult ‎12.------ What do you think of the dress?‎ ‎------ Wonderful . I don’t think I can find a ____ one.‎ A. good B. better C. bad D. worst ‎13.He has read many books on history , so it’s ____ for him to answer these questions.‎ A. hard B. impossible C. finally D. serious ‎14. ------ The bread is delicious .‎ ‎------ It must taste _____ with some jam in it . ‎ A. good B. well C. better D. best ‎ ‎15. I’m going to be late for work . There’s ____ buses on this route .‎ A. too few B. too little C. too many D. too much ‎ ‎16. Some Chinese singers sing English songs just as ____ as native speakers do .‎ A. good B. better C . well ‎ ‎17. Nancy and Lucy are twins . In some way they look the same , but Nancy is ____ than Lucy . ‎ A. tall B. taller C. tallest ‎ ‎18. Of the two coats , she’d like to choose the ____ one to save money for a book . ‎ A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive ‎19. Oxford University is ____ with tourists for its beautiful old buildings. ‎ A. different B. famous C. special D. popular ‎ ‎20.------ What do you think of Tom’s speaking ?‎ ‎------ No one does ____ in our class. ‎ A. good B. better C. well D. best ‎ ‎21.------ Do you like the film ?‎ ‎------ Yes , I do . In fact , I’ve never seen a ______ one . ‎ A. good B. better C. worse D. bad ‎ ‎22.------ There is a smile on Miss Gao’s face . She must be ____ with Sam’s work . ‎ ‎------ I think so . No one did as ____ as him in our class. ‎ A. angry ; well B. pleasing ; good ‎ C. strict; good D. pleased ; well ‎ ‎23.Now more and more people are ____ the dangers of drinking and driving . ‎ A. tried of B. aware of C. fond of D. proud of ‎ ‎24. During this year’s Reading Week , I read the most books in our class. No one read ____ books than I . ‎ A. many B. more C. few D. fewer ‎ ‎25.If you don’t work ____ enough , I don’t think your dream will come ____ . ‎ A. hardly ; truly B. hardly ; true C. hard ; true D. hard; truly ‎ ‎26. After the earthquake in Japan , we are trying to help the ____ people to rebuild their homes . ‎ A. harmless B. endless C. useless D. homeless ‎ 答案 ‎2014‎ ‎1---5CAACD 6---10CDCAB 11---15DDDAC 16---20DBABA 21---25ADDDA ‎26---30CDBDC 31---35CDBCB 36---41DCBAAD 总结归纳 课后回顾