江苏扬州市中考英语试题附答案解析 14页

扬州市2018年初中毕业、升学统一考试英语试题 说明：‎ ‎1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题(第1题~第45题，共45题)、非选择题(第46题~第81题，共36题)两部分。满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ ‎2.答题前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，同时务必在试卷的装订线内将本人的姓名、准考证号、毕业学校填写好，在试卷第4页的右下角填写好座位号。‎ ‎3.所有的试题都必须在专用的“答题卡”上作答，选择题用2B铅笔作答、非选择题在指定位置用0.5毫米黑色水笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。‎ 一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分)‎ 在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案 ‎1.----Who is the lady in red?‎ ‎----Miss Gao. She teaches English.‎ A. we B. us C. our D. ours ‎2.---- does Joanna take the course in DIY?‎ ‎----Every Saturday afternoon.‎ A. How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often ‎3.----Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi'an? ‎ ‎ ---- is OK. It’s up to you.‎ A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All ‎4. ----I offered Sandy a helping hand. However, she it.‎ ‎----Maybe she can manage herself A. received B. returned C. refused D. rewarded ‎5. ----Mr. Wu has recommended many books. Have you decided first?‎ ‎----Yes. The Little Prince.‎ A. how to read B. which to read C. when to read D. where to read ‎6.--- If I want to be an astronaut, how will I get to be one?‎ ‎----You do well in school and tame your fears.‎ A. may B. can C. must D. could ‎7. Hawking is no longer with us, he will continue to inspire the world.‎ A. so B. if C. but D. as ‎8. The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon.‎ A. contribution B. communication C. celebration D. competition ‎9. Hi, guys, please write three facts you last term in your project.‎ A. learned B. are learning C. have learned D. learn ‎10. ----When will your sister go to England?‎ ‎----She London since four months ago.‎ A. went to B. has gone to C. has been to D. has been in ‎11. We should stop fireworks to reduce pollution.‎ A. getting off B. turning off C. taking off D. setting off ‎12.--- What are you watching?‎ ‎----The Story of China. This part at China Block Printing Museum of Yangzhou in ‎2014.‎ A. filmed B. was filmed C. has filmed D. is filmed ‎13. ----I can't afford the white dress.‎ ‎----What about the orange one? The price is a little .‎ A. cheaper B. higher C. lower D. more expensive ‎14.---- You must hand in your report tomorrow.‎ ‎----What? .We can't finish it that quickly.‎ A. No way B. No problem C. That's right D. That's for sure ‎15.----I'm tired out.‎ ‎----How can you be manager and accountant at one time? .‎ A. The early bird catches the worm B. Don't put all your eggs in one basket C. Actions speak louder than words D. Don't burn the candle at both ends 二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。‎ One afternoon a few months after Tom and I were married. Max walked into the dining room, where I was looking through my old photos.‎ These months I was learning to let Max come 16 on his own. If I moved too quickly, he ran away. If I was 17 , we often ended up playing, laughing, and recently, even sitting together on the sofa with a book.‎ ‎“Who' s that?” he pointed to one photo.‎ ‎“My mom. I suppose she is your 18 Sylvia.”‎ ‎“Cool. Who is that to me?”‎ ‎“That was my grandfather. He died a few months ago.”‎ ‎“Hmm. Too bad he had to die.”‎ Death is always a painful 19 especially for a seven-year-old child who d lost his mother only two years before. I secretly put away the pictures of 20 relatives.‎ He began to finger through the photos. "Who is that to me?‎ Under his finger I could see my own face. I should have known the answer to his 21 question. But I said, “I’m your 22 mom. I' m sorry that your first mom died.”‎ ‎“What should I call you?” he asked.‎ Mom, I wanted to cry. I held back.‎ ‎“You can call me Mom or Betsy. 23 feels OK for you.”‎ I waited, expecting a pronouncement of my new 24 .‎ ‎ “Sweet,” he said, walking out of the room.‎ For a couple of days afterward, Max 25 a new title for me. "Can we go bowling?” “Can I watch TV?” he'd ask, and then 26 the questions by mouthing the word Mom. Mom was always 27 .‎ One weekend, he suddenly said, “I notice I don't call you Mom.”‎ ‎“I noticed that too.”‎ ‎“ 28 I say Betsy, I mean Mom. Moms die, you know. I think it's maybe 29 if you’ re just Betsy.”‎ Tears(眼泪) were filling my eyes.‎ ‎“Hey, Betsy?”‎ ‎“Yeah,” I said, taking pleasure in the new 30 of my old name.‎ ‎16. A. down B. near C. close D. back ‎17. A. kind B. patient C. Helpful D. confident ‎18. A. grandmother B. mother C. aunt D. cousin ‎19. A. subject B. speech C. message D. sign ‎20. A. dead B. boring C. unknown D. strict ‎21. A. simple B. proper C. stupid D. funny ‎22. A. natural B. past C. only D. second ‎23. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. That D. Anybody ‎24. A. position B. name C. title D. call ‎25. A. worked out B. turned out C. carried out D. tried out ‎26. A. answer B. follow C. confirm D. raise ‎27. A. alive B. wise C. silent D. lost ‎28. A. Until B. before C. When D. Unless ‎29. A. politer B. safer C. sadder D. riskier ‎30. A. pronunciation B. announcement C. voice D. sound 三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，计30分)‎ 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。‎ A Think of the animal world. and a group of colorful wild animals will spring to mind: a parrot's rainbow feathers or the showy scales of sea fish. But, many mammals(哺乳动物) on the planet come in only two colors: black and white. Spend some time exploring what science has discovered about these animals' appearances, and you' ll see that basic black and white isn't so basic at all.‎ The panda's white body helps it hide in snowy areas. The arms and legs are black, helping it hide in forests. The markings on its head are not used to hide, but to communicate. Black ears can act as a warning to enemies.‎ Depending on the species, black skunks(臭鼬) may wear white spots that act as covering or white stripes that signal enemies to be aware of their smelly spray, which causes no real harm to its victims, but it makes them uncomfortable.‎ Zebras' thin coats make them more vulnerable than long-haired animals to biting flies that carry disease, but the coats stripes prevent flies from landing on them, for reasons that scientists are still studying. Further, their attractiveness to flies increases with stripe width. No two zebras' stripes are exactly the same.‎ ‎31. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?‎ A. The panda's white parts help it hide against snow.‎ B. Both white spots and white stripes help skunks kill their victims.‎ C. Zebras with wider stripes are less attractive to flies.‎ D. Scientists have already known all the secrets about the stripes.‎ ‎32. What does the underlined word "vulnerable" mean?‎ A. Being easily landed.‎ B. Being easily attracted.‎ C. Being easily discovered.‎ D. Being easily attacked.‎ ‎33. Which could be the best title of the passage?‎ A. Why Animal Stripes Come in Different Shapes B. Why So Many Animals Wear Black-and-White Coats C. How Wild Animals Protect Themselves from Enemies D. How Black and White Become Basic Colors in Animal World B I saved the grain carefully and finally had enough to plant. I built a wall around my garden to keep the wild goats away.‎ Then when my crop bore its fruit, the birds discovered it. The birds were not afraid of my dog at all. I shot them but as soon as I walked away. they returned. At last, I killed some birds and ‎ hung them among the crop, hoping they would serve as the scarecrows, which turned out to be successful. By harvest time. I had nearly two bushels of rice and two and a half bushels of wheat.‎ With my new grain to store, I found a new problem. The fine grain ran through my baskets. It took me nearly two months to form and dry two ugly pots- one for rice and one for wheat.‎ Next I formed a clay oven and made some other tools from hard wood and cloth to bake bread. I made and baked bread in my oven. I spent the third year on the island in farming and baking.‎ Soon after that. I began to think of my days sailing in a tidy boat with Xury. I wished to have a boat and explore the island by sea.‎ I tried to turn over the ship's boat that I had seen washed up, but failed. I was still determined to have a boat. So I chose a strong tree and spent weeks cutting it down. Then it took me months to turn it from tree to boat.‎ When it was time to launch, I realized I had made my boat too far from the nearest stream. The boat was far too heavy for me to move. I tried bringing the water to the boat instead of the boat to the water. I soon saw it would take me twenty years of constant labor.‎ I celebrated my fourth year on the island with two boats, but I was no closer to a sea journey.‎ ‎----Taken from The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe ‎34. Paragraph 2 mainly tells us .‎ A. how much rice and wheat I harvested B. how many tools I made to bake bread C. how I protected my crop from the birds D. how I kept the wild goats away from my crop ‎35. What does "a new problem" in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. How to plant grain.‎ B. How to make pots.‎ C. How to store grain.‎ D. How to fix the baskets.‎ ‎36. By the last sentence "I was no closer to a sea journey", the writer means .‎ A. I was getting closer and closer to the sea B. I was getting farther and farther from the sea C. it was possible for me to have a sea journey in my boats D. it was still impossible for me to explore the island by sea ‎37. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?‎ A. I managed to turn over the ships boat.‎ B. I spent months bringing the boat to the nearest stream.‎ C. I tried to solve the problems with my courage and wisdom.‎ D. I spent the third year on the island in farming and baking.‎ C This spring, the town of Oso saw twice the usual rainfall. When the sun finally shone, LoAnna and Kris's three older kids ran outside. Inside, LoAnna nursed their four-month-old Kristian. Suddenly LoAnna heard a loud noise. She rushed outside in time to see a half-mile-wide mud and sand thundering down the hill toward them, knocking over hundreds of trees.‎ Mudslide(泥流)!‎ LoAnna gathered everyone into the bedroom farthest from the falling hill side and waited.‎ Kris got a call from LoAnna, He hurriedly drove home.‎ Highway 530 was covered with thick sand, fallen trees. Kris had to run home.‎ The mud came up to his knees. Suddenly he heard a woman screaming for help. He pulled through mud, over pieces of houses to the source of the cries.‎ At first, he saw an arm reaching up through the debris. There, a woman, buried under pieces of walls. furniture, and trees. was holding a baby. Finally, he freed the baby. By this time, other citizens had come.‎ After saving the woman, Kris moved on. He was still a mile from home. Ahead lay two fallen houses. He heard a moan. Stepping toward the house, Kris nearly killed himself in the mud. An older man was trapped in house debris. He was twice Kriss weight. He'd have to wait for more help.‎ Just then, Kris heard another man moaning from the second house. Kris pulled away some pieces of the house, but the man was buried too deeply for him.‎ Hearing helicopter(直升飞机) on the roof, Kris climbed up, met a member of the search-and-rescue team and led him to the first man. Then he headed back and kept digging until he could turn the second man over. After the rest of the team arrived, Kris moved on to find his ‎ family.‎ Kris finally reached home. It was flooded, but the mud had stopped just shy of the house. His truck was gone, as were LoAnna and the others. He checked cars and houses nearby for survivors, then ran to the command center.‎ Not long after he arrived, he saw his truck coming down the road. LoAnna jumped out.‎ Kris was praised by the Red Cross for his heroics.‎ ‎38. The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to .‎ A. create an unusual setting of the story ‎ B. introduce the central idea of the story C. describe a turning point of the story ‎ D. review the main character of the story ‎39. Which of the following is the correct order of the story?‎ a. Kris found a man buried too deeply for him.‎ b. Kris heard a woman screaming for help.‎ c. Kris led a rescue member to save the older man.‎ d. Kris found LoAnna, kids and his truck gone.‎ e. Kris was nearly killed in the mud.‎ A. beacd B. badec C. aecbd D. aedbc ‎40. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?‎ A. Kris saved three persons in all.‎ B. Kris saved the baby by himself.‎ C. Kris pulled the first man out of mud.‎ D. Kris found some survivors near his house.‎ ‎41. Which sentence best shows the central theme in the text?‎ A. Kris got a call from LoAnna.‎ B. He was still a mile from home.‎ C. He saw his truck coming down the road.‎ D. Kris was praised by the Red Cross for his heroics.‎ D ‎“Growing up, Einstein saw his father struggle to support the family and move the family for ‎ different jobs, Einstein had to move between schools and it was challenging for him to catch up with his new class.”‎ This story about the struggles(f +)of famous scientists can't be found in your science textbook, but a new study suggested maybe it should be.‎ In the study, 402 9th- and 10th-grade students from four New York City high schools in low-income areas were divided into three groups. The students read some 800-word stories about Albert Einstein and Marie Curie. The control group read a regular science textbook description about their great achievements. Another group read about the scientists' personal struggles, like Einstein's running away from Nazi Germany. The third group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles, as they tried different experiments--- and failed.‎ As it turned out. the students who had read about scientists' struggles, whether personal or intellectual, had higher grades than students who had read about achievements. Those who weren’t getting good grades to begin with gained the most. Those in the control group not only didn't see a grade increase, they had lower grades than the grading before the study began.‎ ‎“We think that struggle stories showed scientists' weaknesses.” the researchers write, “which creates a sense of connection between the students and scientists. And that may make it easier for students to see them as role models.”‎ ‎“When kids think Einstein is a talent who is untouchable, then they believe they will never get there, "said lead researcher Xiaodong Lin-Siegler, PhD.‎ If we want to educate a future generation of great scientists, we can start by changing the way we talk about the great scientists of the past. An 800-word story about scientists’ failures, not just their achievements, in science textbooks will make it happen.‎ ‎42. What does the article mainly talk about?‎ A. Learning about struggles of scientists may help students succeed in science.‎ B. Reading stories of scientists' achievements will help educate future scientists.‎ C. Science textbooks should describe scientists failures instead of their achievements.‎ D. Stories of scientists' struggles may make students see scientists as being untouchable.‎ ‎43. From Paragraph 4, we can know that .‎ A. those good at science achieved most from this exercise B. the control group had lower grades than the other two groups C. the students' grades in the control group remained the same D. the students in the third group had the highest grades ‎44. What's the main idea for Paragraphs 5 and 6?‎ A. Findings of the study B. Explanations from the researchers C. Process of the stud D. Suggestions from the researchers ‎45. In the study, which of the following would the third group probably read?‎ A. Einstein won many awards in his life, including the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics.‎ B. Going to college was hard for Curie because at that time women were not allowed to attend school. So, Curie had to study at secret classes.‎ C. By the time she reached college, Curie was able to understand five languages that top scientists spoke at that time.‎ D. Often working hour after hour and day after day. Curie devoted herself to solving challenging problems and learning from her mistakes.‎ 四、词汇运用(共10小题;每小题1分,计10分)‎ 根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。(每空一词)‎ ‎46. Cells are the and most basic units of living matter. (small)‎ ‎47. There is a place in my heart where all nations will live some day. (peace)‎ ‎48. Tom is thinking about going as a cowboy for the year at Halloween. (five)‎ ‎49. Dad them to our house and Mum soon had a lunch ready for them.(bring)‎ ‎50. The librarian was at me and seemed friendly. (smile)‎ ‎51. Visitors to Yangzhou can enjoy a bite of dishes at Yechun Tea House.(当地的)‎ ‎52. Ge Garden with an area of12,000 meters houses over60 types of bamboo.(平方的)‎ ‎53. Some valuable jewellery in that shop was last week.(偷)‎ ‎54. Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics were a group of who created their own style.(艺术家)‎ ‎55. China has changed our country and impressed the world. (速度)‎ 五、任务型阅读(共10空;每空1分,计10分)‎ 阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。(每空一词)‎ Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes. Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.‎ How much sleep do we actually need?‎ It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night. When we sleep below six hours per 24. we're at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.‎ Can we train ourselves to need less sleep?‎ As a study in 1964, a 17-year-old boy named Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours. How many people could do anything close to that without dying?‎ When you are reading this, you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine. Sleep experts often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers: They don’t get behind the wheel thinking they're probably going to kill someone.‎ Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping?‎ Coffee can keep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles. So limit coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime.‎ Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality?‎ A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep. People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above.‎ How to sleep Introduction Not getting enough sleep can influence our health and 56 many mistakes.‎ Findings from 57 researchers How much sleep do we actually need?‎ ‎●Eight hours of sleep a night is 58 for all of us.‎ ‎●Sleeping less than six hours a day can 59 the risk of health problems.‎ ‎●It is 60 to make up the lost sleeping hours during the workweek.‎ Can we train ourselves to need less sleep?‎ ‎●People without enough sleep would insist that they were 61 , but weren't doing well at all.‎ Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping?‎ ‎●Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to sleep 62 .‎ ‎●Drink proper amount of coffee at proper 63 .‎ Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality?‎ ‎●A sense of purpose in life is closely 64 with sleep quality.‎ ‎●People with a greater sense of purpose may sleep 65 .‎ 六、缺词填空(共10空;每空1分，计10分)‎ 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)‎ After crossing the river, Dorothy and her friends came to a poppy flower field, with many other colourful flowers next to it.‎ ‎“How b 66 !” Dorothy said.‎ ‎“When I have brains, I will probably like them better,” the Scarecrow said.‎ ‎“If I had a heart, I would love them.” added the Tin Woodman.‎ ‎“I always liked flowers.” the Lion said."But there are n 67 in the forest so bright as these.”‎ Soon they found t 68 in the middle of poppies. It is known that when there are many of these flowers together, their strong smell will make anyone breathing it fall asleep, even sleep forever. But Dorothy didn’t k 69 this. Soon Dorothy's eyes grew so h 70 that she felt she had to sleep. Dorothy fell among the poppies, fast asleep.‎ ‎“The smell is k 71 us all. If we leave her here, she will die,” said the Lion. “I can h 72 keep my eyes open, and the dog Toto is asleep already.”‎ ‎“Run fast and get out of here,” said the Scarecrow to the Lion, "We can carry the little girl, but you are too heavy.‎ The Lion ran as fast as possible but he fell asleep b 73 he was out of the field. Luckily,‎ ‎ the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman were not troubled by the smell. They made a chair with their hands and carried Dorothy t 74 the flowers to the grass far enough from the poppy field. The Tin Woodman built a truck and pulled the Lion with the Scarecrow. The sweet fresh air w 75 Dorothy, Toto and the Lion. Soon they continued their journey.‎ 七、书面表达(计30分)‎ A.句子翻译(共5小题;每小题2分,计10分)‎ 将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。‎ ‎76.糖果含糖太多,对我们的牙齿有害。‎ ‎77.总体来说,这个产品满足了大部分顾客的需求。‎ ‎78.记住,每个人都可以做点对保护环境有益的事情。‎ ‎79.扬州位于江苏中部,以其悠久的历史和文化而闻名。‎ ‎80.如果在这里建设一个新的机场,许多动物将失去家园。‎ B.写作(计20分)‎ ‎81.假如你是李明,你的英国笔友Mike给你发了一封电子邮件,请认真阅读并用英语回复。‎ Hello Li Ming,‎ I'm going to China as an exchange student this September. I will spend the Mid-Autumn Festival with a Chinese family. Could you tell me: What is the Mid-Autumn Festival? How do you celebrate it? What table manners should I pay attention to when I have dinner with them?‎ Write soon.‎ Mike 要求:1)表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；‎ ‎2)须回复所有问题(问题1两点，问题2和问题3各三点)，并适当发挥；‎ ‎3)词数：100词左右(开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；‎ ‎4)不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。‎ Dear Mike It's fantastic that you will come to China and spend the Mid- Autumn Festival with a Chinese family.‎ ‎ ‎ Enjoy your stay in China.‎ Li Ming ‎1、发生以下情形，本协议即终止：(1)、公司因客观原因未能设立;(2)、公司营业执照被依法吊销;(3)、公司被依法宣告破产;(4)、甲乙丙三方一致同意解除本协议。2、本协议解除后：(1)甲乙丙三方共同进行清算，必要时可聘请中立方参与清算;(2)若清算后有剩余，甲乙丙三方须在公司清偿全部债务后，方可要求返还出资、按出资比例分配剩余财产。(3)若清算后有亏损，各方以出资比例分担，遇有股东须对公司债务承担连带责任的，各方以出资比例偿还。‎