中考英语考纲词汇用法详解F 9页

中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(F)‎ face[feis] n. 脸，面孔：My face is burning. 我的脸在发烧。/ He often makes faces at children. 他常常对孩子们扮鬼脸。‎ fact[fAkt] n. 事实，真相：Facts speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。/ You must face facts and accept that he has gone. 你必须面对并接受他已离开事实。‎ ‎【短语】 in fact 实际上：No one believed it, but in fact, Mary did pass her exam. 尽管没有人相信，但实际上玛丽确实考试及格了。‎ factory[5fAktEri] n. 工厂：His factory is in the suburbs. 他的工厂在郊外。/ The factory is run by our village. 这个工厂由我们村经营。‎ fail[feil] v. 失败，不及格：We tried, but failed. 我们试过，但失败了。/ We’re glad nobody failed this time. 我们很高兴，这次人人都及格了。/ He failed the examination in math. 他数学考试不及格。‎ fall[fC:l] (fell, fallen) v. 落下，跌倒：The snow is falling. 正在下雪。 / The apples have fallen from the tree. 苹果从树上掉下来。‎ ‎【短语】 fall asleep 睡觉，入睡：He was so tired that he fell asleep in the car. 他太累，在汽车里睡着了。fall behind 落在……后面：Several of the runners fell behind in the race. 有几个运动员在比赛中落后了。fall down 倒下，跌倒：The boy fell down from a tree and hurt his leg. 男孩从树上掉下来，跌伤了腿。fall off (从……)掉下：The dictionary fell off the desk. 字典从书桌上掉下来了。‎ family[5fAmEli] n. 家，家庭：She was born in a poor peasant family. 她出身于贫农家庭。 / All the families are coming here for the holidays. 家里所有的人都将到这儿来度假。‎ ‎【短语】family name 姓：What’s your family name? 你姓什么？/ The family name of the whole village is Zhang. 整个村子的人都姓张。‎ famous[5feimEs] adj. 有名的，著名的：He is famous for his learning. 他以学问渊博著名。‎ ‎【短语】be famous for 以……出名：This place is famous for its scenery. 这个地方以风景出名。‎ far[fB:] (farther, farthest / further, furthest) adj.& adv. 远的(地)：Our school is not far from here. 我们学校离这儿不远。/ He is a man of far sight. 他是一个目光远大的人。/ How far did you walk today? 你今天走了多远？‎ ‎【短语】 far away 遥远：Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away. 许多星星不能看见是因为他们太遥远了。‎ farm[fB:m] n . 农场：There are 60 cows on this farm. 这个农场有60头牛。/ They are working on the farm. 他们正在农场干活。‎ farmer[5fB:mE] n . 农民：He is a farmer. 他是一个农民。‎ farming[5fB:miN] n. 农业；务农：Farming is difficult when the weather is bad.天气不好时种田很困难。‎ farmland[5fB:mlEnd] n. 农田：It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south. 它将阻止风沙朝南部肥沃的农田移动。‎ farther[5fB:TE] adv. 较远地，更远：I am tired and cannot walk any farther. 我累了，不能再走远了。adj. 更远：Rome is farther from London than Paris is. 罗马比巴黎离伦敦更远。‎ ‎【注意】farther 是far的比较级。‎ farthest[5fB;Tist] adv.最远：He jumped farthest of all. 他跳得最远。adj. 最远的：Go to the farthest house in the village and I’ll meet you there. 到村上最远的那座房子那儿去，我在那里与你会面。‎ ‎【注意】farthest 是 far 的最高级。‎ fast[fB:st] adj. 快的，迅速的：Your watch is 10 minutes fast. 你的表快了10分钟。adv. 快地，迅速地：Can’t you run any faster than that? 你不能跑得再快点吗？‎ father[5fB:TE] n. 父亲：My father and mother are school teachers. 我父亲和母亲都是学校老师。/ What is his father? 他的父亲是干什么的？‎ favorite[5feivErit] adj. 特别喜爱的：Green is my favorite color. 绿色是我最喜欢的颜色。 / Football is my favorite sport. 足球是我最喜欢的运动。‎ February[5februEri] n. 二月：February comes after January. 二月在一月之后。/ It’s February 2nd. 今天是二月二日。‎ feed[fi:d](fed, fed) v. 喂，饲养：Don’t forget to feed the dog. 别忘了喂狗。/ She feeds the baby with a spoon. 她用小勺喂孩子。/ He must feed his family. 他得供养他的家庭。‎ fed up [7fed5Qp] adj. 不开心：What’s the matter? You look really fed up. 怎么啊，你看上去那么不开心？‎ ‎【短语】 be fed up with 厌倦：I’m fed up with work! 我感到工作烦死了！/ I’m fed up with waiting for the phone to ring. 我等电话都等得不耐烦了。‎ feel[fI;l] v. 觉得，感到：How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉怎样？/ You can’t see air, of course, but you can feel it. 你当然看不见空气，但你能感觉到它。/ I feel my heart beating. 我感到心在跳。‎ festival[5festEvl] n. 节日：Christmas is an important Christian festival. 圣诞节是基督教的大节日。‎ few[fju:] adj. 少数的，不多的：Few people live to be 100. 活到100岁的人很少。/ He has few friends here, has he? 他这儿几乎没有朋友，是吗?‎ ‎【辨析】few和a few：few表示数量很少甚至几乎没有，强调“少”,含有否定意味；而a few 表示数量虽不多，但毕竟还有，强调“有”,含有肯定意味。如：I have a few friends besides you. 除了你，我还有几个朋友。/ I have few friends except you. 除了你，我几乎没有朋友。‎ field[fI:ld] n. 田地：The children are playing in the field. 孩子们在野外玩。/ The fields were covered with snow. 白雪覆盖着田野。‎ ‎【短语】 field trip 野外旅游：Our field trip lasted two weeks. 我们的野外旅游持续了两个星期。‎ fifteen[7fif5tI:n] num. 十五：Seven and eight is fifteen. 7加8等于15。‎ fifth[fifW] num. 第五：May is the fifth month of the year. 五月是一年的第五个月。‎ fifty[5fifti] num. 五十：There are fifty students in our class. 我们班上有50个学生。/ She is in her fifties, but she looks young. 她已经50多岁了，但看起来很年轻。‎ fill[fil] v. 装满，填充：Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼泪盈眶。‎ ‎【短语】 be filled with用……充满：Her heart was filled with gratitude. 她心里充满了感激之情。‎ film[film] n. 影片，电影：Have you seen any good films lately? 你最近看过什么好影片吗？/ There is a good film on at the cinema this week. 这个星期有部好片子上映。‎ final[5fainl] adj. 最后的：The final victory always belongs to us. 最后胜利总是属于我们的。/ This will be the final lesson of our course. 这是本课程的最后一课。‎ ‎【注意】final只用于名词前作定语，不用作表语。‎ find[faind] v. 找到，发现；I hope you will soon find your lost ring. 愿你尽快找到丢失的戒指。/ You will find it a difficult book. 你会发现这是本很难的书。‎ ‎【短语】 find out 找出，查出：We must find out what caused the accident. 我们必须查明事故的原因。‎ ‎【辨析】find 和find out：前者指偶然地“发现”、通过实验而“发现”、或通过寻找而“找到”等；而后者则指通过调查或观察询问等而“查明情况或事实真相”。如：We found him a good teacher. 我们发现他是位好老师。/ We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须查明事实真相。/ We must find out where he lives. 我们必须查明他住在什么地方。‎ fine[fain] adj. 好的，(身体)健康的：That’s the finest painting I’ve ever seen. 这是我见过的最好的作品。/ His pulse is fine. 他的脉搏正常。‎ finger[5fiNgE] n. 手指：Children learn to count on their fingers. 小孩用手指学数数目(www.yywords.com)。‎ finish[5finiF] v. 完成，结束：Have you finished your breakfast? 你吃完早餐了吗？/ The house will soon be finished. 房子不久就要完工了。‎ ‎【用法】finish后接动词时，要用动名词，不能用不定式。如：He has finished (doing) the work. 他把工作做完了。/ Have you finished reading the book? 这本书你读完了吗?‎ fire[faiE] n. 火；火炉：There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。/ Please sit down before the fire. 请在火炉前坐下。‎ fireplace[5faiEpleis] n. 壁炉：There was a fire in the fireplace. 壁炉里生了火。‎ first[fE:st] adj. 第一：January is the first month of the year. 一月是一年中的第一个月。 adv. 首先，最初： You must finish your work first. 你必须首先完成你的工作。‎ ‎【短语】 at first 起先，首先：At first she was afraid of the water, but she soon learned to swim. 起初她怕水，但很快就学会游泳了。/ At first I wasn’t interested in English. 开始时我对英语不感兴趣。‎ fish[fiF] n. 鱼：Will you have a little more fish? 再吃点鱼好吗？/ There are lots of fish in the lake. 湖里有很多鱼。v. 钓鱼：Can we fish in this river? 我们可以在这条河里钓鱼吗？‎ fishing[5fiFiN] n. 钓鱼：I am very fond of fishing. 我很喜欢钓鱼。‎ fit[fit] adj. 健康的；适合的，得当的：These shoes are not fit to wear. 这些鞋子不适合穿。/ Is he fit for the job? 他适合干这份工作吗？‎ five[faiv] num. 五：We work five days a week. 我们每周工作5天。‎ fix[fiks] v. 修理；安装：I must have the recorder fixed up. 我得找人把录音机修理一下。/ We are going to fix the broken machine. 我们要把那台破机器修好。‎ flight[flait] n. 航班，飞行：We took a flight from Paris to London. 我们乘从巴黎到伦敦的航班。/ Too much money has been spent on space flight. 在太空飞行上花的钱太多了。‎ flood[flQd] n. 洪水，水灾：Many houses were destroyed by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲垮了。v. 淹没：The rains flooded the farmland and destroyed all the crops. 雨水淹没了农田，毁坏了所有的庄稼。‎ floor[flC:] n. (室内)地，地板：Shall I sweep the floor? 我来扫地好吗？‎ flower[5flauE] n. 花：The flowers are out. 花开了。 / The rice is in flower. 稻子花开了。‎ fly[flai] v.(flew, flown) 放(风筝，飞机模型等；飞，飞行)：Last Sunday they flew their model planes. 上星期天他们放模型飞机。/ A bee flew in through the open window.一只蜜蜂从开着的窗户飞进来了。‎ foggy[5fCggi] adj. 有雾的，多雾的：It’s unpleasant to be out on a foggy day. 大雾天出去是令人不愉快的。 / What a foggy day! 真是浓雾笼罩的一天！‎ follow[5fClEu] v. 跟随：A dog follows its master. 狗跟在主人后面。/ You go first and I’ll follow. 你先走，我跟着就来。‎ food[fu:d] n. 食物：Many animals prefer grass as food. 许多动物以草为食。 / You can get very good food at the restaurant. 在那个饭馆里你可以吃到很好的饭菜。‎ foot[fut] n. 脚：I hurt my left foot. 我左脚受了伤。 / A dog has four feet. 狗有4条腿。‎ ‎【短语】on foot 步行，走路：Shall we go by car or on foot? 我们坐车还是走路去？/ I prefer to go there on foot. 我更愿意步行到那去。‎ ‎【注意】foot的复数是feet。‎ football[5futbC:l] n. 足球：Boys are fond of playing football. 男孩子喜欢踢足球。/ He took part in a football match. 他参加了一场足球赛。‎ for[fC:] prep.为；给：This is a present for you. 这是给你的礼物。 / I have got some picture books for you to look at. 我有一些让你看的连环画。‎ foreign[5fCrEn] adj. 外国的：He’s visited many foreign countries and has learnt several foreign languages. 他参观过许多国家，学会了几种外语。/ The foreign friends were given a warm welcome by the students. 外宾受到学生们的热烈欢迎。‎ forest[5fCrist] n. 森林：The children got lost in the forest. 孩子们在林中迷路了。‎ forever[fE5revE] adv. 永远：She has gone forever. 她一去不复返了。/ I wish the holidays would last forever! 我真想假放个没完！‎ forget[fE5get](forgot, forgotten) v. 忘记：I almost forgot about it. 这事我几乎忘了。/ I’m sorry I have forgotten your name. 对不起，我忘记你的姓名了。/ I’ve forgotten how to open the box. 我忘了怎样打开这箱子。‎ fork[fC:k] n. 叉，餐叉：Everyone at the table was given a knife and fork. 餐桌上每人给了一副刀叉。‎ ‎ form[fC:m] n. 表格：Please fill in this form, giving your name, address and business. 请填这张表，写上姓名、地址和职业。‎ forty[5fC:ti] num. 四十：Life begins at forty. 四十岁是有为之年。‎ found[faund] v. 成立，建立：The hospital was founded last year. 这座医院是去年建立的。/ The People’s Republic of China was founded on October 1, 1949. 中华人民共和国于‎1949年10月1日成立。‎ ‎【注意】不要将动词found(建立，创立)与动词find(发现)的过去式found混淆。‎ four[fC:] num. 四：Those four and Bob formed a basketball team. 那4个人加上鲍勃组成一个篮球队。‎ fourteen[7fC:5ti:n] num. 十四：A fortnight has fourteen days. 两周有十四天。‎ fox[fCks] n. 狐狸：The fox is said to be very sly. 据说狐狸很狡猾。/ He is an old fox. 他是一只老狐狸。‎ France‎[frB:ns] n. 法国：Have you ever been to France? 你曾经到过法国吗？/ Do you know the Civil War in France? 你知道法兰西内战吗？‎ French[frentF] n. 法语：She can speak not only English but also French. 她不仅会说英语而且会说法语。‎ Frenchman[5frentFmEn] n. 法国人：A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold. 一个法国人得了重感冒。‎ free[fri:] adj. 空闲的；自由的；免费的：I shall not be free until five o’clock. 我要到五点才有空。/ England is said to be a free country. 据说英国是自由的国家。‎ ‎【注意】free表示“空闲的”、“空着的”、“免费的”等义时没有比较等级变化。如：He gets a free afternoon once a week. 他每周有一个下午空闲。/ Are the drinks free? 这饮料是免费的吗?‎ freeze[fri:z] (froze, frozen) v. 结冰，疑固：Water freezes at 0 degree. 水在零摄氏度结冰。 / It was so cold that the river had frozen. 天气冷得河水都结冰了。‎ Friday[5fraidi] n. 星期五：Can’t we meet on Friday? 我们星期五会面不好吗？‎ fridge[fridV] n. 电冰箱：Help yourself to the drink in the fridge. 冰箱里的饮料随便喝。 / Don’t forget to put the milk back in the fridge. 别忘了把牛奶放回冰箱里。‎ friend[frend] n. 朋友：We have friends all over the world. 我们的朋友遍天下。/ A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。‎ ‎【短语】 make friends with sb与某人交朋友：He had made friends with a young couple. 他结识了一对年轻夫妇(www.yywords.com)。‎ frighten[5fraitn] v. 惊恐，吓唬：Don’t frighten us. 不要吓唬我们。/ Walk quietly so that you don’t frighten the birds away. 放轻点儿脚步，别把小鸟吓跑了。‎ frightened[5fraitnd] adj. 受惊的，害怕的：I was frightened of making a fool of myself. 我怕出洋相。 / The frightened girl was speechless. 这个小女孩被吓得连话都说不出来。 / He was frightened at the sound. 他听到那声音非常惊恐。‎ ‎【辨析】frightened和frightening：前者指“感到害怕”，后者指“令人害怕或使人害怕”。如：I was frightened whenever I heard a frightening story. 每当我听到一个恐怖的故事我就感到害怕。‎ from[frCm] prep. 从，从……起：He works from nine o’clock until five o’clock. 他从9点工作到5点。/ The football match is from 3:00 to 4:30. 足球赛是3:00点到4:30。‎ ‎【短语】from now on 从现在起：He’s left school and will go to work from now on. 他已经毕业，从今以后就要工作了。/ From now on I will try to do better. 从今以后我要努力去做。from…to…从……到……：We handed the photo from one to another. 我们把这张照片传过来传过去。‎ front[frQnt] adj. 前面的：We sat in the front row of the classroom. 我们坐在教室的前排。 n. 前面，正面：The fronts of them look better than the backs. 它们的正面看上去比背面好。‎ ‎【短语】in front 前方：Mr Smith was in front. 史密斯先生在前面。in front of 在……前面：Don’t cry in front of your friends. 别在你朋友面前哭。‎ fruit[fru:t] n 水果：Apples and oranges are common fruit. 苹果和橘子是常见的水果。‎ ‎【注意】表示“水果”通常表示总称或表示集合意义，是不可数名词；当要强调水果的种类时，可用作可数名词。‎ full[ful] adj. 满的：The bus was full of students. 公共汽车载满了学生。/ Her eyes are full of tears. 她眼泪汪汪。/ We can’t go into the theatre because it is full. 电影院我们进不去了，因为已经坐满了。‎ ‎【短语】be full (of)充满……的：The bottle is full of wine. 这瓶子装满了酒。‎ fun[fQn] n. 有趣的事；娱乐：We had a lot of fun at the picnic. 我们野餐吃得开心极了。/ What fun we had! 我们玩得真开心呀！‎ future[5fju:tFE] n. 将来，未来：I am saving for the future. 我在为往后的生活存点钱。/ I shall work harder in future. 今后我要更努力工作。‎ ‎【短语】in the future 将来：Who knows what will happen in the future. 谁知将来会发生什么事。‎