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2011中考词汇加音标后p916asifbuy

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最新中考英语 1600 词汇总详解 A a (an) [ei] :[ei] [ə]art. 一个,某个,任何一个 用法:不定冠词的常见用法: 1)第一次提到,表示泛指。 2)含有数量“一”的概念,但是不如 one 强烈。 ability [ə'biliti] n. 能力;才干;才能 短语:1. a man of ability 有能力的人 2. the ability to do sth 做某事的能力 able ['eibl] adj. 有才干的;聪颖的 短语: be able to do sth. 有能力做某事 about [ə'baut] prep. 对于,关于;大约;在….周围; 短语:1. be about to 即将 e.g. We were about to go when it suddenly rained. 我们正要出发,突然天下雨了。 2.look about 3.run about 4.What/ How about …? above [ə'bʌv] prep. adj. 在……之上;超过;大于,多于; 上面的; 短语:.above all 最重要的 e.g. Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves. 最重要的是工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。 注意:above 的反义词为 below abroad [ə'brɔ:d] adv. 在外国;广泛地;传播 短语: 1. from abroad 从国外,从海外 e.g. His parents has just come back from abroad. 他的父母刚刚从海外回来,我们去看望他们吧。 2. go abroad 出国 accept [ək'sept] v. 接受;赞同;欢迎;听从 近义词辨析:accept 和 receive accept 是“接受、认可”的意思,是收到并接受;receive 有“收到”的意思,但不一定接受。 e.g. I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn't accept any. 生日那天我收到许多礼物,但是我并没有收下任何礼物。 accident ['æksidənt] n. 事故; 偶然 短语:1. by accident 意外地,偶然地 2. a traffic accident 交通事故 according [ə'kɔ:diŋ] to prep. 根据……; 依照 achieve [ə'tʃi:v] v. 实现;达到;完成 across [ə'krɔs, ə'krɔ:s] prep.在……对面 近义词辨析:across 和 through across 表示“横过,穿过”;着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)。 e.g. across the street;横过马路。through “穿过,从……中间通过”;着重指从空间的一头穿 到另一头(内部)。 e.g. through the forest. 穿过森林。 act [ækt] n. & v. 行为;举动;假装; 短语:1. act as 担任(起……作用) 词性转换:actor / actress n. 男演员/女演员 action ['ækʃən] n. 行动;有能量;行为; e.g. We must take action right now, otherwise we'll be late 我们现在就得采取行动了,否则就迟到了。 active ['æktiv] adj. 积极的; 短语: take an active part in: 积极参加 e.g. I don't think everyone should take an active part in the social activities. 我认为并不是所有的人都应该积极参与到社会活动中去。 activity [æk'tivəti] n. 活动;工作;职业 add [æd] v. 添加;增加;合计;相当于 短语:1. add to 2.add up 3.add up to 4.add … to … address [ə'dres] n. 地址;住址;演说;讲话 advantage [əd'vɑ:ntidʒ, əd'væntidʒ] n. 优点;利益 advertisement (ad) [əd'və:tismənt, ,ædvə'taizmənt] n.公告;启事;广告 e.g. Have you read the want ad in the newspaper? 你看过报纸上的招聘广告吗? e.g. Put an advertisement in the newspaper advice [əd'vais] n. 建义,劝告;信息 短语:1.a piece of advice 一条建议 2.ask for advice 寻求建议 3.give advice 提建议 4.take / follow one's advice 接受、遵照某人的建议 advise [əd'vaiz]v. 给……出主意;建议;通知 短语: advice sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 afraid [ə'freid] adj. 惊慌的;恐怕 短语:1.be afraid of 害怕 e.g. Don't be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。 2. be afraid for 担心 e.g. I'm afraid for my sister. 我担心我的妹妹。 3. I'm afraid so. / I'm afraid not. / I'm afraid that …. after ['ɑ:ftə, 'æ:ftə] adv., prep & conj. 在……之后;晚于 短语: after all 终究,毕竟 e.g. It has turned out to be a nice day after all. 天气终于转晴了。 afternoon [,ɑ:ftə:'nu:n, ,æf-, 'ɑ:ftə'nu:n, 'æf-] n. 下午;午后 短语:1. in the afternoon 2. on Monday afternoon 3. on the afternoon of … again [ə'ɡen, ə 'ɡein] adv. 再一次;加之,此外 短语:1. again and again 一次又一次地,反复地,再三地 e.g. I called him again and again, but he didn't answer the telephone. 我一次又一次地给他打电话,可是他就是不接。 2. now and again 有时 e.g. He came to see me now and again. 他过去来看望我。 against [ə'ɡenst, ə'ɡeinst] prep. 1)对着,反对; e.g. If no one is against this plan, let's carry it out. 如果没有人反对这个计划,那我们就开始吧。 2)靠着,依着: e.g. The policeman asked the young man to stand against the wall. 警察命令那个年轻人靠着墙站好。 age [eidʒ] n. 年龄;时期;变老 短语:1. for one's age 论年龄 e.g. He looks older for his age because of years of hard work. 由于多年操劳,他看起来比实际年龄大。 2. at the age of 在……岁时 ago [ə'ɡəu] adv. 以前;以往; 短语: 1. long ago 很久以前,从前: e.g. Long long ago there loved horses. 很久以前,有一位国王,他喜爱马。 2. some time ago 不久前 e.g. Some time ago,I heard he would come to see me. 不久前,我听说他要来看我。 3. a while ago. 刚才 e.g. He was here a while ago. 他刚才还在这儿。 近义词辨析:ago 和 before ago: 应注意两点:1. 用于一般过去时; 2. 它所指的时间是从现在算起。 before: 也应该注意两点:1. 用于过去完成时; 2. 她所指的时间不是从现在算起,而是 从过去某一时刻算起。 e.g. A short time before, tall trees had covered the country for many miles around. 在那时不久之前,高大的树木覆盖着方圆数英里。 agree [ə'ɡri:] v. 意见一致;赞成;适合 近义词辨析:agree to 和 agree with agree to: 意思 是“同意”,后面接表示计划、安排、意见、条件之类的名词或动词原形, 表示愿意协助工作。 e.g. Do you agree to this agreement? 你同意这项协议吗? He didn't agree to help us. 他不同意帮助我们。 agree with: 意思是“与……(意见)一致”后面一般接人,也可接意见、看法等。但不含 有协助的意思。 e.g. I don't agree with what you said. 我不同意你说的话。 I don't agree with your idea. 我不同意你的主意。 短语: agree on agreement [ə'ɡri:mənt] n. 同意;一致;协议 air [εə] n. 大气;天空;态度 短语:1. by air 2. in the (open) air airline ['εəlain] n. 航线;航空公司 airplane ['εəplein] n. 飞机 airport ['εəpɔ:t] n. 机场;航空港 短语: at the airport album ['ælbəm] n. 影集;集邮册 all [ɔ:l] adj. & pron. 全部的,所有的 短语:1. all day 整日 2. all kinds of 各种各样的 3. all over 遍布 4. all right 行,可以 5. all along 一直,始终 6. not at all 一点也不 7. in all 总共 allow [ə'lau] v. 准许;允许;给予 短语:1. allow sb. to do sth. 2. allow doing almost ['ɔ:lməust] adv. 几乎,差不多;将近 alone [ə'ləun] adj. 独自的;单独的;仅仅 近义词辨析: lonely / alone alone 指“独自一人”,强调客观事实,通常只放在动词、系动词之后,作表语 e.g. He was alone in the room. 他独自一人在屋里。 lonely 指“孤单的”、“孤独的”,表示主观感觉,在句中作标语或主语。用作定语修饰地方 时 along [ə'lɔŋ] adv. & prep 沿着;向前;共同,一起 短语: 1. all along 始终,一直 e.g. I knew the truth of the matter all long. 那件事情的真相我始终是清楚的。 2. along with 于……一道; e.g. Yesterday I went along with my brother to the shop. 昨天我和我的弟弟一道去了那家商店。 3. get along (well) with aloud [ə'laud] adv. 出声地;大声地 短语: read aloud already [ɔ:l'redi] adv. 早已;早 近义词辨析: already / yet already: “已经”惊讶于某事比预期发生得早,在问句中表示意外、惊讶的程度更强。 yet: “尚(未),已经”(用于否定句、疑问句中,谈论将要发生的事情) also ['ɔ:lsəu] adv. 而且;还 although [ɔ:l'ðəu] conj.虽然;尽管 always ['ɔ:lweiz, 'ɔlwez] adv. 永远;总是;经常 America :[ə'merikə] / the USA 美国 American :[ə'merikən] adj. 美洲的;美国人 among [ə'mʌŋ] prep. 被……所包围;其中 近义词辨析:among / between 这两个个词都含有“在……中间”的意思。 among 用于“三者或三者以上之间” e.g. He built a house among the forest. 他在树林中盖了一间房。 between 则用于“两者之间” e.g. What is the difference between the two words? 这两个词的区别是什么? and [ ænd, ənd,] conj. 和;及;就 短语: and so on 等等 e.g. This book tells about food, fruits, dishes and so on. 这本书讲了有关食物、水果、菜肴等等有关的东西。 angry ['æŋɡri] adj. 生气的;愤怒的;疼痛的 短语: be angry with/ at/ about animal ['æniməl] n. 动物;牲畜 another [ə'nʌðə] adj. & pron. 别的;另一的 answer ['ɑ:nsə, 'ænsə] n. & v. 回答;解决方案;反应 短语: the answer to ant [ænt] n. 蚂蚁 e.g. There are some ants in the tree. 树里有一些蚂蚁。 any ['eni] pron. & adj. 每一的;任何一个的 anybody ['eni,bɔdi] pron. 任何人;重要人物 anyone ['eniwʌn] pron. 任何人 anything ['eniθiŋ] pron. 任何事;无论何事 anyway ['eniwei] adv.不管怎样;无论如何 anywhere ['enihwεə] adv. 不管在(到)什么地方 appear [ə'piə] v. 出现;好像 apple ['æpl] n. 苹果;苹果树 April ['eiprəl] n. 四月 Area ['εəriə] n. 面积;地区;范围 arm [ɑ:m] n. 胳臂;袖子 army ['ɑ:mi] n. 陆军;军队;大量 around [ə'raund] prep. 围绕;环绕;在……四周 arrive [ə'raiv] v. 到达;抵达;得出 短语:1. arrive at/ in art [ɑ:t] n. 艺术;艺术品 article ['ɑ:tikl] n. 商品;物品;文章 as [æz] adv., conj & prep. 作为主句的先行词;同样地;与……一样; as if 好像 as soon as 一....就.... as soon as possible 尽快 as usual 像平常一样 as well 也,又,同样的 用法: 短语: 1. as … as … 句型中,连接形容词或副词原级(用于比较)表示“与……一样” e.g. Tom is as tall as his brother. 汤姆和他弟弟一样高。 2. as a result 结果 e.g. He works hard all day, as a result, he got a good mark in his English exam. 他整日努力学习,因此在英语考试中取得了优异的成绩。 3. as if 仿佛,好像 e.g. He talks as if he knew about it. 他说起来好像知道这件事似的。 4. as long as 只要,和……一样长 e.g. You will do well in your English study as / so long as you keep on. 只要坚持下去,你一定能学好英语 。 5. as well 也;同样地 e.g. My class went to the cinema and I went there as well. (题例)(1)(中考宁夏题) Don’t worry. Peter will call you as soon as he_____ London. A.will get to B.gets to C.get to D.got to (B) (2)(中考兰州题) You should tell_____ possible to support your ideas. A.as many information as B.as much fact as C.as many facts as D.as many news as (C) Asia['eiʃə] n. 亚洲 Asian :['eiʃən] a. & n. 亚洲人;亚洲的 ask [ɑ:sk, æsk] v. 问;询问;请求 短语: 1.ask for 请求,索要,要求 2. ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人去做某事 3. ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物 题例 (中考福建漳州卷) (1)If you have difficulty in learning English ,you should ask your teachers or your classmates ___ help. A.to B.for C.with D.on (B) (2) (中考海南题) Mr.Lin asked us ______ questions in English ,not in Chinese. A.answer B.to answer C.answering (B) asleep [ə'sli:p] adj. 睡熟(的);不活跃(的 ) 短语: 1.fall asleep 入睡 e.g. Though it is 12 in the night. I still find it hard to fall asleep. 尽管已经是夜里 12 点钟了,我发现还是很难入睡。 词型转换: sleep/ sleeping/ sleepy/ asleep at [æt] prep. 在;在……里 at a bad time of year 在全年中不好的时节里 at all 全然;根本 at first 首先 at home 在家 at last 最后 at least 至少,最少 at night 在夜里 at noon 在中午 at once 立刻,马上 at times 有时 at the beginning of 在…开始时 at the end of 在…末尾,在.....结束时 at the foot of 在…脚下 at the head of 在…前面 at the moment 此时,当前 at the same time 同时 at this time of year 在(一年的)这个时节 at work/school 在工作(学校) 用法: 1. 表示地点位置。如:at home ,at the door 2. 表示时间。常用于指某一时刻:如: at eight ,at noon 3. 和动词连用,表示动作的方向,如: look at , laugh at sb. 题例 (中考海南卷 ) Hurry up!The meeting will begin ___3:00 pm. A. in B. on C. at (C) Atlantic Ocean n.大西洋 attention [ə'tenʃən] n. 专心;注意 短语: pay attention to August [ɔ:'ɡʌst] n. 八月 aunt [ɑ:nt, ænt] n. 姑妈;姨妈;婶母;伯母;舅母 Australia [ɔ:s'treiljə] n. 澳大利亚 Australian n. 澳大利亚人 adj. 澳大利亚(人)的 autumn ['ɔ:təm] n. 秋季 短语: 1. Mid-Autumn 中秋 2. in autumn 3. the Mid-Autumn Festival available [ə'veiləbl] adj. 现成的;可用的;自由的 avoid [ə'vɔid] n. 避开;逃脱 awake [ə'weik] v. 醒来;醒悟 away [ə'wei] adv. 向……走开;逝去 right away 马上,立刻 B baby ['beibi] n. 婴儿;幼兽;小型 back [bæk] adv. & n.背部;背骨 短语: at / on the back of background ['bækɡraund] n.背景;远景;出身;个人背景 e.g. He's always going on about his working class background. 他老是谈论自己出身于工薪阶层家庭。 Without knowing the background the case, I couldn't possibly comment. 因为不了解案件的背景情况,我不可能加以评论。 bad ( worse [wə:s, 'wə:s], wors [wə:st, 'wə:st] t) [bæd] a 不足的;令人不快的 短语:1.be bad for badly ['bædli] adv.坏;差;非常严重地 (worse, worst) bag [bæɡ] n.袋;包;囊 ball [bɔ:l] n.球; balloon [bə'lu:n] n.玩具气球;气球; bamboo [bæm'bu:] n.竹;竹竿 banana [bə'nɑ:nə, bə'nænə] n.香蕉;香蕉树 bank [bæŋk] n.河岸;滩 ;银行;储蓄所; baseball ['beisbɔ:l] n 棒球; 棒球运动 play baseball basic ['beisik] adj.基本的;根本的;初级的; basket ['bɑ:skit, 'bæskɪt] n. .篮;篓;筐 basketball ['bɑ:skitbɔ:l, 'bæs bɔ:l] n 篮球;.篮球运动 短语:1.play basketball 题例 (中考新疆卷) I like instruments. I’m good at playing ___violin. My brother likes sports .He can play __ basketball very well. A. the ,the B./ ,the C.a,a D.the ,/ (D) 分析: 乐器名称前要加上 the. bathroom ['bɑ:θrum] n. 浴室;厕所; be (is,am,are ,was were ,being ,been) v.存在;发生;位于 题例(中考广西梧州卷) It’s really sunny today, ____? A.doesn’t it B.hasn’t it C.isn’t it D.wasn’t it (C) beach [bi:tʃ] n.海滩;沙滩 bear [bεə] n. 熊;粗鲁的人 beat [bi:t] (beat, beaten ['bi:tn]) v. & n. 打;击;敲打 beautiful ['bju:tiful, 'bju:təfəl] adj 美好的;优美的;极好的 用法:beautiful 用来修饰女孩的容貌,声音等。当它用来修饰人时,专指女性。 如:a beautiful girl /voice /place 题例 (中考陕西卷) This year our school is ____than it was last year. A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. the most beautiful D. beautiful (A) because [bi'kɔz] conj.因为;由于 ; 题例 (中考宁夏卷) 1.I keep an English diary ___it helps me improve my writing skill. A.how B.when C.because D.if (C) 2.(中考长春卷). He stopped playing baseball in 1998 ___his illness. A. because of B.at the end of C. next to D.intead of (A) 辨析:because of ,because because of 中 of 为介词(接名词或者名词词组,代词,动名词) 因为: e.g. He begs because of poverty, not hunger. 他不是因为饿了,而是因为贫穷才要饭的。 because 后接原因状语句子。 become [bi'kʌm] v. 成为;变得 ( become –became-become ) 题例 (中考新疆卷) When spring is coming ,the days get longer and longer. A.become B.is C.change D. were (A) 分析:此时 become 相当于 get,表示天气变化。 bed [bed] n.床 go to bed 去睡觉 make one’s bed 铺床 (辨析) go to bed go to the bed go to bed 中 bed 不指具体的床,而指“就寝”这个抽象概念,故 bed 前不用冠词。 go to the bed 意思是:“朝床走去”,不一定是去睡觉。 bedroom ['bedru(:)m] n.寝室 ;卧室 bee [bi:] n.蜜峰;工作忙碌的人 beef [bi:f] n. 牛肉;菜牛 题例(中考宁夏题) People in America eat much ____. A.potatoes B. onions C.beef D.hamburgers (C) before [bi'fɔ:] prep. adv. & conj.在…之前;在前;以前; 题例 (中考山西临汾卷) ----Is the answer to the math problem right ? ----Let me consider it carefully ___I give you the answer. A.after B.but C. before (C) 短语:1.before long 不久以后: e.g. Before long ,news came that China lost the game. 不久以后传来消息说中国队比赛输了。 2.the day before yesterday : e.g. He went to see his grandmother the day before yesterday. 他前天去看望他奶奶了。 3.long before 很久以前。 e.g.She said she had seen the film long before.她说很久以前就看过这部电影。 begin [bi'ɡin] (began [bi'ɡæn] , begun [bi'ɡʌn]) v. 开始;着手; 近义词辨析:begin / start 二者都表示"开始"后面可以接不定式或动名词,一般可以互换使用。 区别是:1.begin 侧重于时间上一个过程的开始,指迈出第一步、采取第 一个行动,与 and 相对; 2.start 侧重于形态上的开始,通常指由静到动的过程,与 stop 相对。 beginning [bi'ɡiniŋ] n.开端;起点;起源 短语: 1. at the beginning of 2 begin with 以.......开始 3.begin to do /doing sth 开始做某事 题例 1.(中考辽宁卷) Hurry up !The film ___for ten minutes. A.has been on B.began C. had begun D.has begun (A) 2.(中考辽宁卷) 会议已经进行了半小时。 (The meeting has been on for half an hour .) 分析:begin 是短暂性动词,不能跟一段时间连用。和表示一段时间的状语连用时,要 用其状态动词短语 be on. behind [bi'haind] prep.在…背后;在……另一面 题例 (中考乌鲁木齐卷) 选近义选项 Jenny sat next to Lisa in the cinema. A.in front of B. behind C .right beside D.before (C) believe [bi'li:v] 相信;认为;猜想 bell [bel] n.铃;钟 below [bi'ləu] prep.在…下;低于 a boy below 10 不满十岁的男孩 辨析 :below , under below 和 under 都可以表示位置“在......之下”, 但是 below 表示低于,不一定是垂直在下, 而 under 多指垂直的下面。 beside [bi'said] prep 在……旁边;在……附近 besides [bi'saidz] prep. & adv.除……之外;还有: 题例 (中考杭州题) . It’s too late to go out now and ____,it’s starting to rain. A.though B. besides C. however D.instead (B) 辨析: besides , except , but , except for besides 除了.....之外,表示“加上” except 除了.....之外,表示“减去” but 一般放在 nothing ,nobody 等否定词的后面。 except for 说明整个基本情况之后,对细节加以纠正。 近义词辨析:except / besides except 除……之外;侧重整体除去一部分; e.g. We all knew about the news except Jim. 除了 Jim 以外,我们都知道这个消息。 besides 除……之外(还有), e.g. We all knew about the news besides Jim. between [bi'twi:n] prep 在……之间;(两者) beyond [bi'jɔnd] prep.在……那边;超出 big [biɡ] adj.大的;巨大的(bigger, biggest); 题例 (中考北京卷) Beijing,the capital of China ,is one of ____ cities in the world. A.the biggest B.bigger C.much bigger D.big (A) bike [baik] =bicycle ['baisikl] n 自行车;摩托车 bill [bil] n.帐单;法案;招贴 bird [bə:d] n. 鸟;禽 birth [bə:θ] n.出生;开始;出身 birthday ['bə:θdei] n. 生日;周年纪念日 Happy birthday to you !祝你生日快乐 biscuit ['biskit] n.饼干;素坯瓷 bit [bit] n.一小块;少量 短语:1.a bit 辨析: not a bit , not a little not a bit 表示“一点也不”。 not a little 表示“非常,很” 如:I am not a bit angry.我一点也不生气。 I am not a little angry. 我很生气。 bitter ['bitə] adj.、有苦味的;强烈的 black [blæk] adj. & n.黑色的;抑郁的 in black 穿着黑衣服 blackboard ['blækbɔ:d] n. 黑板; blind [blaind] adj.瞎的;失明的;盲目的 题例 (中考福建漳州卷) Old Henry became ___ several years ago .He could no longer see anything. A.blind B.deaf C.lonely D .weak (A) blood [blʌd] n.血;血液;激情 blow [bləu] (blew [blu:], blown [bləun] ) v 吹气;吹走;刮; 短语:1.blow out 吹灭; e.g. Close the windows or the wind blow the light out. 把窗户关上,不然风会把灯吹灭。 blue[blu:] n. & adj. 蓝色;蓝色的;悲伤的 board [bɔ:d] n.薄木板;牌子,甲板 boat [bəut] n.小船;船 短语:1.by boat body ['bɔdi] n. 主体;身体;躯体 book [buk] n 书籍 ;著作;本;册. bookshop ['bukʃɔp] n 书店. bookstore n.书店. bookmark 书签 题例 (中考黑龙江卷) Linda wants to borrow a book on science in the ____ nearby. A. library B . bookstore C. supermarket (B) boring ['bɔ:riŋ] adj .无聊的;讨厌的 题例(中考南京卷) ---Would you like to go and see a film ? ---Sure, the TV programmes are too _____. A.surprising B. interesting C. exciting D.boring (D) 词型转换:boring/bored born [bɔ:n] adj. & v 出生的; 出生 短语:1.be born borrow ['bɔrəu] v.借入;采用 题例 (中考福州卷) 1.—Bob,may I ____ your MP4? ___ Sure .But you ‘d better not _____it to others. A.lend ; lend B.lend ,borrow C. borrow ,borrow D. borrow ,lend (D) 2.(中考辽宁十二卷) ——Where is your dictionary ? ——Oh, I ______it to Amy yesterday. She 'll return it tomorrow. A . showed B. lent C. gave D.borrowed (B) 辨析: borrow , lend ,keep borrow 相对于主语“借进” borrow sth from sb lend 相对于主语“借出” lend sth to sb borrow ,lend 都是短暂性动词,不能跟时间段连用. 与段时间状语连用时,要用状态性动词 keep boss [bɔs] n.老板;工头 both [bəuθ] pron. & adj. 两者都…;双方的 短语:1. both…and…, 2.both of…, 3.both/all both … and 两者都 题例 (中考内蒙包头卷) 1.——Who will teach you to swim this summer ? -------The twins. Because ____Lily ____Lucy swim very well. A. both , and B.neither ,nor C. either ,or D.not only ,but also (A) 2.(中考成都卷) Lin Ying lives with her grandparents in the countryside because ____of her parents work in the city . A.both B. either C. neither (A) 辨析:both all both 表示“两者都” all 则表示“三者或三者以上都” bottle ['bɔtl] n. 瓶;罐;奶瓶 短语:1.a bottle of a bottle of (ink) 一瓶(墨水) 题例 (中考河北卷) 1.——Would you like some drinks ,boys? ——Yes, ____ please. A. some oranges B . two boxes of chocolates C .some cakes D. two bottles of orange (D) bottom ['bɔtəm] n.底;基底;尽头;臀部 短语:1.at the bottom of bowl [bəul] n.碗;钵 短语:1.a bowl of box [bɔks] n.盒子;箱;盆;匣 短语:1.a box of boy [bɔi] n.男孩;儿子;小伙子 brain [brein] n.脑;脑浆;智者 brave [breiv] adj.勇敢的;无畏的 (braver,bravest) bread [bred] n.面包 短语:1.a piece of bread break (broke, broken) n. & v. 打破;损坏 n.休息(时间) 短语:1.break down breakfast ['brekfəst] n. 早餐 be at breakfast 正在吃早餐 题例 At what time do you have _____ breakfast? A.the B. one C.a D./ (D) 分析:早,中,晚餐前都不加 the, 但可加代词 my ,your ,his 等。 短语:1.have breakfast, 2.have…for breakfast, breathe [bri:ð] v.呼吸;生存;说出 短语:1.breathe in/out bridge [bridʒ] n. 桥梁;纽带 bright [brait] adj.发光的;明亮的 ;聪明的 bring [briŋ] (brought[brɔ:t], brought) v. 带来;取来;导致; 短语:1.bring…to, 2.bring sb. with, 3.bring sth for sb. 题例 (中考河北卷) Hangzhou is a nice city . My dad _____ me there when I was about ten years old . A . pulled B. caught C. took D. brought (D) 辨析: bring take bring 表示“带来”,动作指向是由远及近。take 表示“带去 ”,动作指向是由近及远。 brother ['brʌðə] n. 兄弟;同伴;教友 brown [braun] n. & adj. 棕色的;晒黑的 brush [brʌʃ] v. & n. 刷子;画笔;擦;轻抹 writing brush 毛笔 build [bild] (built[bilt], built) v.建筑;修建;发展; 题例 (中考南京卷) It is reported that the Underground Line No.3 _____ in our city in 2010. A.will build B. has built C.will be built D.has been built (C) building ['bildiŋ] n. 建筑物;建造 burn [bə:n] (burnt[bə:nt] , burnt) v. 烧掉;发光;烫伤 bus [bʌs] n.公共汽车;汽车 短语:1.by bus, 2.on a bus, 3. at the bus stop business ['biznis] n.事务;工作;职业;要务 短语:1.on business busy ['bizi] adj.忙碌的;杂乱的 ; 短语:1.be busy (in) doing something.忙着做…… 2.be busy with 忙于…… 题例 (中考北京卷) 1. The new term is coming . The students are busy ____ the classroom. A .clean B. cleans C. to clean D.cleaning (D) 2.(中考河南卷) Thomas Edison was so ___ his work that he often forgot to have his meals. A.afraid of B.angry with C .busy with D.good at (C) but [强 bʌt, 弱 bət, bʌt] conj.但是;然而 not only …but also …不但….而且…. not …but … 不是….而是… 用法: 1.but 做连词不能和 though ,although 连用 2.并列词 not only …but also …, either...or…., neither ..nor…作主语时,谓语动词按就 近原则,即谓语动词与最近的主语保持主谓一致。 如:Either you or he is wrong. 题例 (中考北京卷) 1.--Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight ? --I’d love to, ___ I have lots of work to do . A.so B.or C.and D.but (D) (中考北京卷) 2.I’m different from my twin sister .I love dancing ,____ she is interested in reading . A. so B.or C.but D.and (C) butter ['bʌtə] n. 黄油;花生酱 butterfly ['bʌtəflai] n. 蝴蝶;彩蝶; buy [bai] (bought [bɔ:t], bought) v 买;购;收买 短语:1.buy sb sth/ buy sth for sb 题例 (中考贵阳卷) “When did you buy these new CDs ?” “I ____them for two days.” A.had B.have bought C. have had (C) 分析:动词 buy 是非延续性动词,不能跟时间段连用,和表示段时间的状语连用时要 用其相应的状态动词 have. by [bai] prep.靠近;在……旁边 bye-bye interj.再见 C cabbage ['kæbidʒ] n.洋白菜;卷心菜 cake [keik] n.蛋糕;块状物 call [kɔ:l] v.呼喊;啼叫 ; 短语:1. call at : "访问"后接地点名词 ; call on 后接表示人的名词。 2.call back 叫回,召回; 3.call…for help 喊……帮忙; camel ['kæməl] n.骆驼;驼色 camera ['kæmərə] n.照相机;电视摄像机 短语:1.digital camera 数码相机 camp [kæmp] n. & v. 军营;拘留所 短语:1.go camping 野营度假 can [强 kæn, 弱 kən] n. & v 能;会;可能 can't 不可能 Canada ['kænədə] n.加拿大 candle ['kændl] n.蜡烛; 短语:1.light candles 点蜡烛 candy ['kændi] n. 冰糖;糖果 cap [kæp] n.软帽;帽子 capital ['kæpitəl] n.首都;省会 captain ['kæptin] n.领袖;队长 car [kɑ:] n.轿车;有轨电车 card [kɑ:d] n 厚纸片;卡片. 短语:1.Play cards 打扑克 care [kεə] v.关心;注意;照料:喜欢; 短语:1. take care of 照顾,照管: e.g. His son took care of him when he was ill. 当他生病时。他的儿子照顾他。 care for 关心 careful ['kεəful] adj. 仔细的;谨慎的 : 短语:1.be careful of 小心。。。。。 careless ['kεəlis] adj. 粗心的;麻木不仁 carry ['kæri] v. 携带;提;抱;背 cat [kæt] n.猫;猫科动物 catch [kætʃ] v. 捉住;发现:燃着;理解; (caught, caught) 短语:1.catch up (常与 with 连用) 赶上 近义词辨析:catch up with / keep up with catch up with 意思是"赶上",指由落后状态变为并肩状态,侧重动作: keep up with 意识是"跟上……",指并驾骑驱,不掉队,侧重状态。 cause [kɔ:z] n. & v.原因;理由;提出 CD n.激光唱片;只读光盘;存储器 CD-ROM 只读光盘;存储器 ceiling ['si:liŋ] n.天花板;顶棚 celebrate ['selibreit] v. 庆祝;举行 cent [sent] n.分 centre ['sentə] n.中点;圆心 century ['sentʃuri] n. 百年;世纪 短语:1.21st century 21 世纪 certain ['sə:tən] adj. 确信的;注定的 短语:1.for certain 毫无疑问 certainly ['sə:tənli] adv. 无意地;毫无疑问 chair [tʃεə] n. 椅子;教授职位 chairman/woman ['tʃεəmən] n.会议主席;女人 chalk [tʃɔ:k] n.粉笔 chance [tʃɑ:ns, tʃæns] n. 碰巧; 机会;可能性: 短语:1.by chance 偶然的,意外地: e.g. I met him in the street quite by chance.我在街上很偶然地遇见了他。 change [tʃeindʒ] v.变化;转变;改变;找回的零钱,找头; 短语:1.change into 变成: e.g. Put a basin of water in cold outside and the next morning, the watr will change into ice.在寒冷的室外放一盆水,第二天早晨水就会变成冰。 chant [tʃɑ:nt, tʃænt] n. & v. 吟诵词;唱 cheap [tʃi:p] adj. 廉价的;核算的 cheat [tʃi:t] v.欺骗;骗取 check [tʃek] n. & v.核查;查明;核对: 短语:1. check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记,验票: e.g. You must check in an hour before the plane leaves. 你必须在飞机起飞前一个小时办理登机手续。 2. check-out(购货时的)结帐台,收银台。 e.g. I will wait for you at the check-out.我在收银台等你。 cheer [tʃiə] n. & v. 喝彩;情绪;欢呼: 短语:1.cheer…on 为……加油: e.g. The crowd cheered both teams on. 观众为双方的球队欢呼加油。 2. Cheer up! 高兴点儿! e.g.Cheer up! Don't be so worried. 高兴点儿!别担心。 cheese [tʃi:z] n.干酪;蜜饯 chemistry ['kemistri] n. 化学;吸引力 chess [tʃes] n. 国际象棋; 短语:1. play chess 下象棋 chest [tʃest] n.大箱子;胸腔 chick [tʃik] n.少妇;小鸟 chicken ['tʃikin] n.小鸡;家禽;鸡肉; child [tʃaild] (pl. children ['tʃildrən]) n. 小孩;没经验的人; China ['tʃainə] n.中国; Chinese ['tʃai'ni:z] adj.& n. 中文;中国的;中国人 chocolate ['tʃɔkəlit] n. 巧克力;巧克力饮料 choice [tʃɔis] n. 选择;选择权 短语:1.make a choice 做出选择 choose [tʃu:z] (chose[tʃəuz] , chosen ['tʃəuzən] ) v.挑选;选择; chopsticks ['tʃɔpstiks] n.筷子 Christmas ['krisməs] n.圣诞节 短语:1.Christmas Eve 平安夜 church [tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂;礼拜 cinema ['sinəmə] n. 电影院;电影 短语:1.go to the cinema 去看电影 circle ['sə:kl] n. & v 圆圈;圆形 city ['siti] n.城市;都市 clap [klæp] v. & n. 拍手;鼓掌 class [klɑ:s, klæs] n. 种类;等级;阶级;班级;(一节)课; 近义词辨析:class / lesson class 指以时间为单位的课堂教学活动,也指"班级或全体学生"lesson "功 课"等教学内容。 e.g.Class Two is having a Chinese lesson.二班在上语文课。 作"课"讲时,lesson 可以和 class 互换。 e.g. We have no classes/lessons on Sundays.我们星期天不上课。 classmate ['klɑ:smeit] n. 同班同学 classroom ['klɑ:srum] n.教室;课堂 clean [kli:n] adj. & v.清洁的;爱干净的; 短语:1.clean up 清除,收拾干净。 e.g. Boys and girls, please clean up your desks.同学们,请把你们的书桌收拾干净。 2.clean-up 大扫除 clear [kliə] adj. 无污染的;晴朗的;清楚的;清澈的。. 短语:1.clear up 整理。 e.g.They were clearing up this room before the visitors arrive. clearly ['kliəli] adv.干净地;无污染地 clever ['klevə] adj.聪明的;灵巧的; 近义词辨析: clever / bright clever 指"聪明、机敏、熟练"等。 e.g.He is clever with money. 他善于理财。 bright 多指小孩"聪明、伶俐",或者指好的想法或建议。 e.g.That bright boy gave us a bright idea. 那个聪明的男孩给我们一个好主意。 climb [klaim] v.攀登;爬上 短语:1.climb up/down 爬上/下 clock [klɔk] n. 时钟;里程表 短语:1.clock tower 钟楼 clone [kləun] v. 克隆; close [kləuz] v. & adj. 关;结束;密切的;近的;亲密的; clothes [kləuðz] n.衣服;床上用品 短语:1.clothes-line 晾衣绳 cloud [klaud] n.乌云;云雾;烟尘 cloudy ['klaudi] adj. 有烟的;多云的 club [klʌb] n.俱乐部;棍棒 coach [kəutʃ] n. 辅导;教练;旅客车厢 coal [kəul] n.煤;煤块儿 coast [kəust] n.沿海地区;海岸 coat [kəut] n. 大衣;外套 coffee ['kɔfi] n. 咖啡;咖啡树 短语:1.coffee bar 咖啡吧 coin [kɔin] n. 硬币;钱币 coke :[kəuk] n 焦炭. cold [kəuld] adj. & n. 冷的;冷淡的;不友好的;寒冷;伤风;感冒; collect [kə'lekt] v.收集;采集;积累 college ['kɔlidʒ] n.专科学院;学院 colour ['kʌlə] n. & v. 色;彩色;燃料;给着色 短语:1.color-blind 色盲 come [kʌm] (came [keim], come) v. 来;来临;实现; 短语:1. come along 来到,出现,赶快: e.g.Come along, Tom.快点,Tom。 、 2. come down 下来,落; e.g.Please come down to the floor. 请下到地面上来。 3. come into (wide) use 开始;被(广泛) 使用: e.g.Now computers has come into wide use in many fields. 现在计算机已经被广泛应用于各个领域。 4.Come on! (表示激励)加油!快! 5. come out 发行,出版;指(花儿)开放。 6. come ture 实现 7. come up to 来到……面前。 e.g. The guard comes up to me with smile.门卫笑着走到我面前。 8. come up with 找到,提出(答案、解决办法等)。 e.g.The boss hopes you can come up with a better plan than this. 老师希望你们能提出更好的计划来。 comfortable ['kʌmfətəbl] adj.、使舒服的; common ['kɔmən] adj.通常的;普通的 短语:1.in commom 共同地 communication [kə,mju:ni'keiʃən] n.传达;信息 company ['kɔmpəni] n.公司;人群;合伙者 compare [kəm'pεə] v.把……比做;对照 短语:1.compare… with…. 把…与…进行比较 competition [,kɔmpi'tiʃən] n. 竞争;比赛 complete [kəm'pli:t] adj. & v. 完整的;十足的 composition [,kɔmpə'ziʃən]n. 组成;作品 computer [kəm'pju:tə] n.电脑; 短语:1.digital computer 数字计算机 concert [kən'sə:t, 'kɔnsə:t] n.音乐会;和谐 condition [kən'diʃən] n. 前提;状态 短语:1.be in good / poor condition 处于好的/坏的状况 conference ['kɔnfərəns] n.协商;会议 connect [kə'nekt] v.连接;联想 consider [kən'sidə] v.考虑;细看 短语:1.consider doing 考虑做。。。。 context ['kɔntekst] n. 语境;场合 continue [kən'tinju:] v. 坚持不懈;待续 短语:1.continue doing 继续做。。。 contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt] n. 合同;缩小 control [kən'trəul] v.指挥;控制;管理 短语:1.be in control 管理,支配 2.be out of control 失控 conversation [,kɔnvə'seiʃən] n. 会话 ;会谈 cook [kuk] v. & n. 烹调;做;篡改 cooker ['kukə] n. 厨具;蒸煮用具;锅 cool [ku:l] adj. 凉的;凉快的; copy ['kɔpi] n. & v. 复制品;副本;拷贝;复印;印刷; copyright 版权 corner ['kɔ:nə] n. 角儿;屋角 correct [kə'rekt] v. & adj. 正确的;改正 cost [kɔst] v. 耗费;使付出;价格 短语:1.at all costs 不惜任何代价 cotton ['kɔtən] n. & adj. 棉花;棉株 cough [kɔ:f] 咳嗽;吐露 短语:1.have a bad cough 咳得很厉害 could [强 kud, 弱 kəd] modal v. 有可能 count [kaunt] v.计数;数数 短语:1.count down 倒计时 country ['kʌntri] n 国土;乡村 countryside ['kʌntri,said] n.农村地区;农村 couple ['kʌpl] n. 两个;一对 courage ['kʌridʒ] n.勇气;无畏 course [kɔ:s] n.行进;路线 cousin ['kʌzən] n.堂兄弟;表兄弟 cover ['kʌvə] n. & v.保护;铺盖 短语:1.cover…. with…. 用…覆盖… cow [kau] n.奶牛;母牛;婆娘 crayon ['kreiən] n.彩色粉笔;绘画铅笔 crazy ['kreizi] adj.发疯的;着迷的 create [kri'eit] v.引起;创造 词型转换:creation [kri:'eiʃən] 创造,发生 cross [krɔ:s] v. & n. 十字架;十字形 cruel ['kru:əl] adj. 残酷的;严厉的 cry [krai] n. & v. 呼喊;哭泣 ;诉说 culture ['kʌltʃə] n. 文化;文明 cup [kʌp] n.杯子;杯形物 cut [kʌt] (cut, cut) v. & n. 切;砍; 短语:1. cut down 砍倒; 2. cut up 砍碎 D dad (daddy) [dæd] n. 爸爸; daily ['deili] adj. adv. & n. 每日的;经常 短语:1.daily life 日常生活 dance [dɑ:ns, dæns] v. & n.跳舞;雀跃 短语:1.dance music 舞曲 danger ['deindʒə] n. 危险物;危险; 短语: 1. in danger 在……危险之中。 e.g.The building is in danger of collapse (倒塌)。这楼房要塌了、 2. out of danger 脱离危险。 e.g. After the treatment, he is now out of danger. 经过治疗,他已经脱离危险了。 dangerous ['deindʒərəs] adj. 危险的;引起危险的 dare [dεə] v. & aux. 敢;竟敢 dark ['dɑ:k] adj. & n. 暗的;黑暗的 短语:1.before / after dark 天黑之前/之后 date [deit] n. 日期;年份; 短语:1.date from / back to 追溯到(某一时间): e.g. The Great Wall dates back to Qin Dynasty. 长城的历史可以追溯到秦朝。 daughter ['dɔ:tə] n. 女儿;女性后裔 granddaughter 孙女 day [dei] n. 白昼;日光; 短语:1. day by day 一天天地,逐日: e.g. Spring is coming and the weather gets warmer day by day. 春天来了,天气一天天边暖了。 2. one day (过去或将来的)某一天: e.g. You will regret one day if you don't work hard. 如果不努力的话,总有一天你回后悔的。 3. the other day 在不久前,某天; e.g. He can't be abroad, I met him on the street the other day. 他不可能出国了,我不久前在街上还碰到过他。 4. the day before yesterday 前天 5. the day after tomorrow 后天 6. these days 如今 7. day off 休息日 dead [ded] adj. 死亡的;麻木的 短语:1.be dead 死了(持续性词组) deaf [def] adj. 聋的; 短语:1.deaf-aid 助听器 deal [di:l] v. 处理;交往;对待; 短语:1. deal with 对付,处理。 e.g.How will you deal with problem? 2. a great deal of 大量。 e.g.I have a great deal work to do. 我有大量的工作要做。 dear [diə] adj.心爱的;十分敬重的 death [deθ] n 死亡;结术 December [di'sembə] n.十二月 decide [di'said] v.决定;下决心 短语:1.decide on 决定 decision [di'siʒən] n. 决定;判决 短语:1.make a decision 作出决定 deep [di:p] adj. & adv.深的;有……深的 degree [di'ɡri:] n. 程度;等级;度数 delicious [di'liʃəs] adj.美味的;芬芳的 dentist ['dentist] n. 牙科医生;牙科学发 ; e.g. There is something wrong with my son's teeth.He needs to see the dentist. 我儿子的牙齿有点毛病,他得去看牙医。 depend [di'pend] v. 取决于;依赖 短语:1.depend on 取决于 describe [di'skraib] v. 描述;断言 desk [desk] n. 书桌;办公桌 短语:1.at desk 在学习 develop [di'veləp] v. 使发展;培育;生长;发育; 词型转换:developing 发展中的 developed 发达的 development [di'veləpmənt] n. 开发;发展; e.g. The development of the medicine industry will take several years. 医药工业的发展要经过几年的时间。 dialogue ['daiə,lɔɡ] n.对话;对白 diary ['dεəri] n. 日记;日记薄 短语:1.keep a diary 记日记 dictionary ['dikʃənəri] n. 字典;辞书 短语:1.look up …in the dictionary 在字典里查阅。。。。。 die [dai] v. 枯死 ;结束 difference ['difərəns] n. 差异;不同程度 短语:1.make a difference between 区别对待 different ['difərənt] adj.不同的;不一致的 短语:1.be different from 不一样 difficult ['difikəlt] adj. 困难的;复杂的;艰难的; 近义词辨析:difficult / hard difficult 和 hard 都有"困难的"意思,区别是 diffficult 侧重于智力上的 难题,hard 侧重体力上的难题。 e.g. It is hard for me to climb up the hill alone. 独自一人爬上那座山对我来说太难了。 e.g.The problem is difficult for me to work out. 我很难解出这道难题。 difficulty ['difikəlti] n.困难;障碍; 短语:1. have difficulty (in) doing sth. e.g.We have difficulty (in) passing the exam. 要通过这次考试,我们有困难。 dig (dug, dug) v.挖;掘;翻 dinner ['dinə] n. 正餐;宴会 短语:1.at dinner 在吃饭 direct [di'rekt, dai-] adj. & v. 笔直的;最近的;指引;导演; e.g. I directed the traveler to the college.我告诉了这个旅行者去学院的路。 Who directed the film "Gone with wind?" 电影《飘》是谁导演的? direction [di'rekʃən, dai-] n.指挥;管理 director [di'rektə] n.主任;主管;导演 dirty ['də:ti] adj. 肮脏的 discover [dis'kʌvə] n. 找到;发现 discovery [dis'kʌvəri] n.发现;发觉 discuss [dis'kʌs] v. 讨论;议论 短语:1.discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事 discussion [dis'kʌʃən] n. 谈论;议论 短语:1.under discussion 正在讨论中 disease [di'zi:z] n. 疾病;弊病 短语:1.a serious disease 严重的疾病 dish [diʃ] n. 蝶;盘;食品 disturb [dis'tə:b] v. 搅乱;中断;使烦恼 divide [di'vaid] v. 分开;分配; 短语:1.divide…into… 把…和…分开 do [强 du:, 弱 du, də, d, du:] (did, done) v 做;干; 短语:1. do a good job 干得不错。 e.g. He did a very good job in the exams. 他的考试成绩考得很好。 2. do one's best 尽自己最大努力; e.g. If you want to pass the exam, you must do your best from now on. 要想通过考试,从此你必须尽自己最大努力。 3. do some shopping 买点东西。 4. do well in 在……方面干得好; e.g. He did badly in English , but he does well in it now . 他过去英语不好,现在英语学得好。 5. do with 处置,对付。 e.g.What will you do with it?你会怎么处置踏呢? doctor [dɔktə] n. 大夫;医生;博士 短语:1.see a doctor 看医生 dog [dɔɡ, dɔ:ɡ] n.犬;狗;雄兽 e.g. Every dog has his day 人人皆有得意日 doll [dɔl] n.玩具娃娃;玩偶;傻妞; dollar ['dɔlə] n.美元 door [dɔ:] n.门;家 短语:1.out of doors 在户外 double ['dʌbl] adj. & n.成对的;两倍的; doubt [daut] n. & v. 不肯定的;愤世嫉俗 短语:1.without doubt 无疑地 down [daun] adv. & prep.向下;朝下 短语:1.down load 下载 downstairs ['daun'stεəz] adv. 顺楼梯而下 短语:1.fall downstairs 从楼梯上摔下 dozen ['dʌzən] n. 十二个;一打 draw [drɔ:] v.拖;拔出;拉开 drawer [drɔ:] n. 抽屉 drawing ['drɔ:iŋ] n.制图;素描画 dream [dri:m] v. & n. 梦;理想 短语:1.have a day dream 做白日梦 2.dream of /that dress [dres] n. & v.给……穿衣;打扮; 近义词辨析:dress / wear/ put on dress 后面接人作宾语,意思是"给……穿衣服"。 wear 后面接衣服名词,指状态,意思 是"穿着……"。 put on 侧重于动作,后面接衣服名词,意思 是"把……穿上" e.g. My son is old enough do dress himself. 我的儿子长大了,能自己穿衣服了。 It's cold outside. Better put on more clothes. 最好多穿点衣服。 A. 短语:1.dress oneself 自己穿衣服 drink [driŋk] v. & n. 饮;喝;干杯 短语:1.drink up 喝光 drive [draiv] (drove [drəuv] ,driven [drivən]) v. 驱赶;迫使 短语:1.driving-license 驾照 driver [draivə] n.驾驶员 短语:1.driver's license 驾照 drop [drɔp] v.小液珠 drum [drʌm] n.鼓;敲击乐组 dry [drai] v. & adj. 干的;无水分的; 短语:1. dry up 干涸 e.g. The old well dries up for a long time. 那口老井干涸了许久了。 duck [dʌk] n. 鸭肉;野鸭 dumpling ['dʌmpliŋ] n.饺子 短语:1.make dumplings 包饺子 during ['djuəriŋ] prep.在……整个期间 duty ['dju:ti, 'du:-] n.责任;责任感 短语:1.on / off duty 值 / 不值班 DVD n E each [i:tʃ] adj. & pron 各个;各自;每一个 短语:1.each other 彼此 ear [iə] n. 耳朵;听觉 短语:1.ear-ring 耳环 early ['ə:li] adj. & adv. 提早的(地);及时的(地) 短语:1.in early spring 在早春 earth [ə:θ] n. 地球;海洋 easily ['i:zili] adv. 容易地;非常 east [i:st] n.& adj.东方;东部 easy ['i:zi] adj.容易的;不费劲的 短语:1.easy come , easy go 来得容易去得快 eat [i:t] v. 吃饭;吞咽;咀嚼 短语:1.eat up 吃光 edge [edʒ] n.边界;边缘;界限 education [,edju:'keiʃən] n.教育;传统教育 短语:1.further education 深造 effort ['efət] n.力气;尽力; 努力 egg [eɡ] n. 蛋;卵 eight [eit] num.八;八号 either ['aiðə, 'i: ðə] adj. conj & adv. (两者间)任意一个; 近义词辨析:either / both / neither both 是"两个都……"的意思; either 表示"两者中的任何一个"; neither、表示"两者中的任何一个都不……"。 使用时,both 后面接名词复数,neithreither 修饰名词的单数形式。 e.g. Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。 Either you or I am right .要么是你对,要么是我对。 Both you and I are right.你和我都对。 注意:表示"两个都不……",不用 both…not 而应使用 Neither e.g.Neither of us is a student.我们都是学生。 elder ['eldə] n.年长的;岁数大的; electric [i'lektrik] adj. 电的 ;带电的 elephant ['elifənt] n.象 eleven [i'levən] num. 十一(的);十一号 else [els] adj. & adv. 此外;其他人 E-mail n.电子邮件 短语:1.send an E-mail 发邮件 empty ['empti] adj. 空的;来往人的 短语:1.on an empty stomach enable [i'neibl] v. 有权做;开启 encourage [in'kʌridʒ] v. 鼓励;督促 短语:1.encourage sb to lose weight 鼓励某人减肥 end [end] n. & v. 末尾;终点 短语:1.in the end 最后 enemy ['enimi] n.敌人;敌国 energy ['enədʒi] n. 精力;活力能量 短语:1.be full of energy 精力充沛 engineer [,endʒi'niə] n.;工程师;技师 England ['iŋglənd] n. 英国 English ['iŋgliʃ] n. & adj. 英国的;英语的 enjoy [in'dʒɔi] v. 欣赏;喜爱 短语:1.enjoy doing 喜爱做… 2.enjoy oneself enough [i'nʌf] adj. adv. & n. 足够的;充足的 短语:1.good enough 足够好 ensure [in'ʃuə] n.确保;保证 enter ['entə] v. 进入;上台 eraser [i'reizə] n. 消除用具;橡皮擦 especially [i'speʃəli] adv. 尤其;格外 Europe ['juərəp] n. 欧洲; European [,juərə'pi:ən] n. 欧洲的;欧洲人 even ['i:vən] adv. 甚至; 短语:1.even better 甚至更好 evening ['i:vniŋ] n. 傍晚;晚上 短语:1.in the evening 在晚上 ever ['evə] adv. 1.(用在否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句中)曾经,在任何时候; e.g. I hardly ever see him going to work by bike nowadays. 我近来很少到他骑车上班。 2.(用于特殊疑问句,加强语气)究竟。 e.g. Where ever have you been? I gave been here waiting for you for about half an hour. 你到底去那里了?我已经在这儿等你半小时了。 3. 以前: e.g. With a tiger after him,the hunter ran faster than ever. 后面有只大老虎在追,猎人跑得比以前快多了。 短语:1. ever since 从那时起 2.ever so much 非常。 e.g.Thank you ever so much.多谢你了。 every ['evri] adj. 每个;每隔 everybody ['evri,bɔdi] pron. 每个人;人人 everyday ['evridei] adj. 每天发生的;普通的 everyone ['evriwʌn] pron. 每人;个人 ; 近义词辨析:everyone / every one 。 everyone 只能指人,意思 是"人人、每人", every one 即可指人有可指物,两个词作主语的时候,谓语动词使用单数;如果表示某个范 围内的"每个人"时,everyone 后面接"in+集体名词",every one 后面接"of+集体名词"。 e.g. Every one of us is getting ready for the exam. 我们有的人都在准备考试。 everything ['evriθiŋ] pron. 一切;全部 everywhere ['evrihwεə] adv.处处;到处 exactly [iɡ'zæktli] adv. 精确地;恰好地 exam [iɡ'zæm] =examination [iɡ,zæmi'neiʃən] n. 检查;详查 examine [iɡ'zæmin] v. 检查;调查 example [iɡ'zɑ:mpl] n.例证;榜样 excellent ['eksələnt] adj. 极为出色的;特别优秀的 except [ik'sept] prep. 将……排除在外;除了 excite [ik'sait] v. 使兴奋;引起 excited [ik'saitid] adj.兴奋的;激动的 exciting [ik'saitiŋ] adj. .兴奋的;激动的 excuse [ik'skju:z, ik'skju:s] n. & v. 开脱;谅解; 近义词辨析:Excuse me, I am sorry ,I beg your pardon 当我们要做的事、说的话可能引起对方的不便或打搅对方时,或者希望引 起对方眨注意,常说 Excuse me; 而当我们做错了事或说错了话时,常说 I am sorry; 别人的话没听清楚,或不理解的时候,常说 I beg your pardon. exercise ['eksəsaiz] v. & n. 运动;锻炼 短语:1.take more exercise 多运动 2.keep-fit exercises 保健练习 expect [ik'spekt] v.预料;期望 expensive [ik'spensiv] adj.昂贵的 ;价高的 experience [ik'spiəriəns] n. 经历;体验 短语:1.by experience 从经验中 experiment [ik'speriment, ek'speriment] n.实验 ;试验 短语:1.learn by experiment 通过实验学习 explain [ik'splein] v. 解释;阐释 explanation [,eksplə'neiʃən] n.解释;说明 express [ik'spres] v. 表达;表述 eye [ai] n.眼睛;视觉器官 F face [feis] n. 脸;面孔; v. 面对;面向 短语:1.face to face 面对面地。例如:They stand face to face talking.他们面对面地站在那里 谈着。 2.make a face at 向……做鬼脸。 例如:He made faces at the baby to make it laugh. 他向婴儿做鬼脸来逗他发笑。 fact [fækt] n. 事实;真相; 短语:in fact 事实上,实际上。 factor ['fæktə] n. .因素;代理商 factory ['fæktəri] n.. 工厂;制造厂 fail [feil] v. 失败;忽视 短语: fail in sth. 在某事物中失败 例如:I passed in maths but failed in French. 我数学及格, 但法语不及格。 n. failure ['feiljə] 失败;不成功 fair [fεə] n. 庙会;集市 adj. 公平的;公道的 短语:fair to/ on sb. 例如:The ruling was not fair to everyone.这项裁决并非对每个人都公正。 fairly ['fεəli] adv. 相当地; 完全地 例如:This is a fairly easy book. 这是相当浅易的书。 fall [fɔ:l] (fell [fel], fallen['fɔ:lən]) v. 落下;摔倒; 短语:1.fall asleep 入睡 2. fall behind 落后 3. fall ill 患病,病倒 4. fall in love with 喜欢 I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 我去年去的上海, 我喜欢上了这座城市。 5. fall off 摔倒 He fell off his bike. 他从车上摔了下来。 n. (US)= autumn 秋天 ; (pl.) 瀑布 Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布 false [fɔ:ls] adj. 错误的; 不正确的; 假的 family ['fæmili] n.. 家庭;家族 famous ['feiməs] adj. 著名的;出名的; 近义词辨析:famous for / famous as be famous for 表示"因为某种知识技能、作品或特征而出名"。 be famous as 表示"作为…… 身份而出名"。例如: Einstein was famous as a great scientist. He was famous for his Theory of Relativity.爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著称,他以他的相对论而闻名。 fan [fæn] n.. 风扇;扇状物; 迷(某人/某事物热情崇拜者或拥护着) 例如:football, jazz, cinema fans 足球迷,爵士乐迷, 影迷 fantastic [fæn'tæstik] adj. 极好的;荒诞的 far [fɑ:] (farther['fɑ:ðə] , farthest ['fɑ:ðist]/further ['fə:ðə], furthest ['fə:ðist]) adj. & adv.遥远 地;远隔 短语:1. far away 很远,遥远。例如:The new music teacher lives far away.新来的音 乐教师住得很远。 2.as far as 就,至于。例如:As far as I know, he has been to the town only once.据我 所知,他只去过镇上一次。 3. so far 迄今为止 例如: So far the work has been easy 到目前为止,这工作很容易。 4.far from 远离 例如:The school is not far from here. 学校离这不远。 farm [fɑ:m] n.农场;种植场 短语: on the farm 在农场 farmer ['fɑ:mə] n.农场主;农夫 fascinate ['fæsineit] v. 使(某人)着迷,神魂颠倒或极感兴趣 例如:The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop window. 孩子们让商店橱窗里的玩具给吸引住了。 fascinating ['fæsineitiŋ] adj. 吸引人的; 迷人的; 使人神魂颠倒的 例如:a fascinating voice /story 迷人的嗓音/ 故事 fashion ['fæʃən] n. 流行的样式; 时尚; 风尚 短语:be in fashion 流行; 入时 be out of fashion 不再流行;过时 例如:Jeans are still in fashion.牛仔裤还很时髦。 fashionable ['fæʃənəbl] adj. 时兴的;时髦的;流行的 例如:fashionable clothes/ furniture/ ideas/ ladies 时髦的服装/家具/思想/女士 fast [fɑ:st, fæst] adj. & adv.快的;偏快的; fast food 快餐 近义词辨析:fast / quickly fast 指人或物的运动速度快。例如:The car runs fast. 车子在飞驶。quickly 指事情发生或完 成得快,延续的时间短,也常指人的思维快、反应快或动作敏捷。例如:The student found the answer to the quickly.学生很快地找到了问题的答案。 fat [fæt] adj.(fatter, fattest) 肥的;肥胖的 例如:If you eat too much chocolate you'll get fat.吃太多巧克力会发胖。 n. 脂肪;肥肉 father ['fɑ:ðə] n..父亲;爸爸 favorite ['feivərit] adj. & n.最受喜爱的 例如:Who is your favorite write? 你最喜欢哪位作家? These books are great favorites of mine. 这些是我最爱的书。 fax [fæks] n. & v. 传真 a fax machine 传真机 短语:fax sth. to sb. 用传真机传送 例如:Please fax your plans to me. 请把你的计划用传真机给我传送过来。 fear [fiə] n. & v. 恐怕;忧虎;恐惧 例如: fear of height 对高处的恐惧 She feared to speak in front of so many people. 她害怕在这么多人面前讲话。 I fear (that) he is going to die. 我担心他快死了。 feature ['fi:tʃə] n. 特点;特征;特色 February ['februəri] n.. 二月 短语: in February 在二月 feed [fi:d] (fed [fed] , fed) v .喂养;饲养 短语:feed sb./ sth. ( on sth.)给(人或动物)食物;喂;喂养 例如:Have you fed the cats? 你喂过猫没有? She has a large family to feed . 她要养活一大家人。 What do you feed the dog on? 你用什么喂狗? feel [fi:l] (felt [felt] , felt) v. 摸索;感知 例如:feel cold, hungry, comfortable, happy etc.感到冷,饿, 舒服,快乐等 短语:feel like doing 想要……, 感觉要……相当于 want to do/ would like to do 例如: I feel like having a drink.我想喝点酒。 feeling ['fi:liŋ] n.知觉;触觉 female ['fi:meil] n. 女性;女人 fence [fens] n. 栅栏;篱笆;围墙 festival ['festəvəl] n.节日;纪念活动日 fetch [fetʃ] v.取来;请来 短语:fetch sb./ sth. ( for sb.) 接来某人/取来某物 例如:Fetch a doctor at once. 快去请医生来。 The chair is in the garden; please fetch it in. 椅子在花园了,请把它搬进来。 fever ['fi:və] n.发烧;发热 短语:have a fever 发烧 例如:He has a high fever.他发高烧。 few [fju:] pron. & a.不多的;很少的 : 近义词辨析:few / a few few 是否定词,意思是"没有几个、很少数",a few 的意思是"有几个、少数",是肯定词, 这两个词都用来修饰可数名词的复数。 fiction ['fikʃən] n. 小说 field ['fi:ld] n. 田;地;牧场;领域 短语:in the field of art ,music ,science etc.在艺术,音乐,科学等领域 fifteen ['fifti:n] num. 十五 fifteenth ['fifti:nθ] num. 第十五 fifth [fifθ] num.第五(的);第五个(的) fifty ['fifti] num.五十(的) 短语:in one's fifties 在 50 岁到 60 岁之间 fight [fait] (fought [fɔ:t], fought ) v. & n 战斗;打架. 短语:1.fight with /against sb./sth. 搏斗;打架;打仗;作战 例如:Have you been fighting with your brother?你又跟弟弟打架了吗? We must fight against the enemy. 我们必须与敌人作战。 2. fight for sth. 争取获得或完成某事物 例如:fight for freedom; human rights 争取自由;人权<, BR>fill v.装满;布满 短语: 1, . fill with 充满;装满 例如:fill a hole with sand 用沙子把洞填满 2. fill in =fill out 填充;填出 例如:fill in a form 填表格 film [film] n.薄层;胶片;电影 例如:see a film 看电影 final ['fainl] adj.最后的;最终的 finally ['fainəli] adv 最后地. find [faind] (found [faund], found) v.发现;碰上 短语: 1. find out 发现, 查明; 例如:She'd been seeing the boy for a while, but didn't want her parents to find out.她和这个男孩约会已有一段时间了。 2. find sb. out 识破,查出坏人。例如: He had been cheating the taxman but it was years before he was found out. 他过去一直在欺骗税务部门,只是多年以后才被查出来。 finding ['faindiŋ] n. 发现;发现物;调查结果 fine [fain] adj. 优秀的 finger ['fiŋɡə] n. 手指;指状物 finish ['finiʃ] v. 结束;完成 ( + doing ) 例如:finish reading a book 读完一本书 fire ['faiə] n.& v.火焰;燃烧 短语:1.light a fire / make a fire 生火 2. on fire 燃烧 The house is on fire. 房子着火了。 firm [fə:m] n. 公司 first [fə:st] num, adj. & adv.最先的;第一的; 短语:1.first aid 急救 2. first of all = at first 首先;起初 3. first name 名字;教名 fish [fiʃ] n. 鱼;鱼肉 fisherman ['fiʃəmən] n. 渔民;钓鱼者(pl. fishermen) fit ['fit] adj. 合适的 例如:The food was not fit to eat. 这食物不适合吃。 v. 使适合;(pt, pp: fitted; fitted US also fit; fit) 例如:These shoes don't fit me. 这双鞋我穿着不合适。 five [faiv] &n, bsp; num. 五;五个; fix [fiks] v. 使牢固;钉牢;修理 短语:fix up 修理 He is fixing up his bike.他正在修车。 flag [flæɡ] n. 旗;国旗 flashcard ['flæʃ,kɑ:d] n. 抽认卡 短语:make flashcards 制作抽认卡 flat [flæt] n. 单元房;公寓房间 flee [fli:] (fled [fled] , fled) v. 逃跑;逃离;逃开 短语:flee from 逃离,逃跑 例如:During the war thousands of people fled from the country. 在战争期间成千上万的人逃离了国家。 flight [flait] n. 航班;飞行 floor [flɔ:] n. 地面;底 flower ['flauə] n. 花;花朵 flu [flu:] n .流感 bird flu 禽流感 fly [flai] v. (flew [flu:] , flown[fləun]) & n.飞;敢、飞翔; 短语:fly over 自爱……上空飞行。 fold [fəuld] v. 折叠;折起来 follow ['fɔləu] v. 跟随;沿着 following ['fɔləuiŋ] adj. 下列的;接着的 food [fu:d] n. 食物;固体食品 fool [fu:l] n. 蠢人;傻瓜;白痴 April Fool ( April Fool's Day)愚人节 foolish ['fu:liʃ] adj. 愚蠢的;傻的 foot [fut] (feet ['fi:t, fi:t]) n.脚;足 football ['fut,bɔ:l] n.足球;橄榄球 footstep ['fut'step] n. 脚步声;足迹 for [fɔ:, fə] prep.为了…的利 益;打算去做。给,为了: 短语:1.for sure 毫无疑问,确实。 例如:He will find the truth for sure. 他一定会发现真相的。 2. forever= for ever 永远,总是。 例如:I shall remember that happy day forever. 我将永远记住那快乐的一天。 3. for example = for instance 例如;举例 4. for the reason 因为 forbid [fə'bid] v. ( forbad [fə'bæd], forbidden [fə'bidən]) 禁止;不准;不许 Forbidden City 紫禁城 force [fɔ:s] v.强迫 foreign ['fɔrin] adj. 外国的;对外的. foreigner ['fɔrinə] n.外国人 forest ['fɔrist] n. 森林地带;森林 forget [fə'ɡet] v. 忘记;忽略; 近义词辨析:1. forget 意思是"忘记"某事,而 leave 则是将物品"遗留"在某地。例如:I forget that we had met at a meeting before. 我忘了我们以前在一次会议上见过面。 I left the book in his house. 我把书忘在他家里了。 2. forget 后面可以接不定式,例如:I forgot to give the book back to him.我忘了把 书还给他了。(还书一事还没有发生)。也可以接动名词,例如:I forgot giving the book back to him.我把还书给他的事情忘记了。 fork [fɔ:k] n 叉子;驻架. form [fɔ:m] n.形状;结构;表格 v. 形成;构成 fortunately ['fɔitʃənitli] adv. 幸运地;幸亏 forty ['fɔ:ti] num. 四十 four [fɔ:] num.四;四个 fourteen ['fɔ:'ti:n] num. 十四 fourteenth ['fɔ:'ti:nθ] num.第十四 forward ['fɔ:wəd] adv.向前的;冒失的 fox [fɔks] n. 狐狸;狡猾的人 France [frɑ:ns]法国 French [frentʃ] n.&adj.法国的;法语 Frenchman, Frenchwoman 法国人 free [fri:] adj.自主的;自由的; 短语:for free 免费。 例如:These tickets are for free. 这些票是免费的。 freedom ['fri:dəm] n. 自由 freeze [fri:z] v. (froze [frəuz], frozen ['frəuzn])(使)结冰;(使)凝固 fresh [freʃ] adj.新做的;不同的 Friday ['fraidi] n. 星期五 fridge [fridʒ] n.冰箱 friend [frend] n. 朋友;赞助者 friendly ['frendli] adj. 友好的;和善的 短语:be friendly to sb.对某人友好 frog [frɔɡ] n.蛙类动物;蛙 from [frɔm, frəm] prep.作为起点的…;从…; 短语: 1.from now on 从现在起,今后。例如:I will never talk to that man again from now on. 从今以后我再也不和那个人说话了。 2. from … to… 从……到……。 3. from then on 从那时起 From then on she knew she would win. 她从那时起就知道自 己会获胜。 front [frʌnt] adj. & n.前面;正面; 近义词辨析:1.in front of 在……前面。例如:There are two tall trees in front of the house.房 子的前面有两棵大树。 2. in the front of 在……的前面,在……前部(侧重一个 整体的前部分)。例如: There is a teacher's desk in the front of the classroom.在教师的前面有一张讲台。 fruit [fru:t] n.水果;水果食物 frustrate [frʌs'treit] v. 使失望;使沮丧;使厌烦 frustrated [frʌ'streitid] adj. 令人灰心的;令人沮丧的 frustrating [frʌ'streitiŋ] adj. 使人心烦的;使人讨厌的;使人灰心的 full [ful] adj.满的;充满的;饱的 短语;be full of 充满……的,富有……的。 例如:The future of the young is full of hope. 年轻人的前途大有希望。 fun [fʌn] n. 娱乐;玩笑; 短语:make fun of sb. 同某人开玩笑。 例如:She dislikes to be made fun of. 她不喜欢别人开她的玩笑。 funny ['fʌni] adj.有趣的;独特的 furry ['fə:ri] adj. 毛皮的;似毛皮的;毛皮制的 future ['fju:tʃə] n.将来;以后 短语:in the future 在将来;在未来 G gallery ['ɡæləri] n. 美术馆;画廊;走廊 a picture gallery 美术展览馆 game [ɡeim] n.游戏;比赛 garage ['ɡærɑ:dʒ, ɡə'rɑ:dʒ] n. 汽车间;汽车房;汽车库 garbage ['ɡɑ:bidʒ] n. 废物;垃圾 garden ['ɡɑ:dn] n. 花园;公园 gate [ɡeit] n. 门;城门;大门 general ['dʒenərəl] adj.普遍的;盛行的 短语:in general 总的说来;通常;大体上 例如:In general her work has been good, but this essay was bad.总的说来,她的作品不错,不 过这篇文章糟透了。 generally ['dʒenərəli] adv 普遍地 例如: The plan was generally welcomed.该计划广受欢迎。 generous ['dʒenərəs] adj. 慷慨的;大方的 例如:It is generous of you to share your food with me. 你把事物与我分享,真慷慨。 gentle ['dʒentl] adj. 温和的;温柔的;轻轻的 geography [dʒi'ɔɡrəfi] n.地理学;地理 German ['dʒə:mən]adj. & n. 德国(的);德语(的);德国人(的) Germany ['dʒə:məni]n. 德国 gesture ['dʒestʃə] n. 手势;示意动作 make a rude gesture 做出粗野的姿势 get [ɡet] (got [ɡɔt] , got) v. 获得;收到; 短语:1. get…back 退还……;送回去;取回; 返回,回到某地;回复某人(电话,信笺) 例如:You'd better get back home and get the books back. 你最好回家把书取回来。 The ship got back to the port yesterday. 船昨天回到了码头。 He is waiting for my reply, but I haven't got bake to him. 他正等待我的答复,但是我还没给他回复。 2.get close (to) 接近 3.get down 降下 4. get in 进入, 收获,达到 例如:The train got in late. 火车到站误点了。 The farmers are getting the crops in. 农民们正在收割庄稼。 5. get in the way 妨碍 6. get off 下车。 例如:We will get off at the next bus stop . 我们将在下一站下车。 7. get on 上车。 例如:I get on the train every moning at 6:30.我每天早晨六点半上火车。 8.get on / along (well)with 和……相处(很好)。 例如:How are you getting along with your classmates? 你和你的同学相处的如何? 9. get the first / second place 获得第一名/第二名。 例如;This time he got the first place in the exam. 这次他考试得了第一名。 10. get up 起床,起身。 例如:Get up early or you'll be late for school. 快点起床,否则你上学晚了。 11. get to 到达 例如:He just got to Beijing. 他刚刚到达北京。 12. get out 出去;离开 get out of 从……出来 例如:You should get out of your room.你应该从房间里出来。 13. get over 克服;恢复;原谅 例如:She can't get over shyness.她克服不掉羞怯感。 14.get together 聚会,联欢 例如:We must get together for a drink some time. 我们得找时间聚聚喝上一杯。 15. get up 起床 gift [ɡift] n.赠品;礼物 a birthday gift 生日礼物 giraffe [dʒi'rɑ:f] n.长颈鹿 (复数:giraffe or giraffes) girl [ɡə:l] n.女孩;如、姑娘 give [ɡiv] (gave [ɡeiv] , given['ɡivən]) v. 送给;捐赠; 短语:1. give … a hand 助……一臂之力,给……帮助。 例如:Could you give me a hand with these boxes?你能帮我搬箱子吗? 2. give …a ring / call; 给……打电话。 3. give away 免费送出;赠送 例如:He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把大部分钱都捐赠给慈善事业了。 4. give back 归还 例如:Could you give me back my pen? 你把那支笔还给我好吗? 5. give birth to 生(孩子)。 例如:She gave birth to a girl last night. 昨晚她生了一个女孩。 6. give in 上交;呈交;屈服;让步; 例如:Please give your exam papers in to your teacher when you finished. 考卷答完后请上交给老师。 She's a brave player, she never gives in. 她是个勇敢的选手,从不屈服。 7. give out 分发;散发 例如:The teacher gave out the test papers. 老师发了考卷。 8. give up 放弃,停止; 例如:Can't you give up smoking? 你难道就不能戒烟吗? glad [ɡlæd] adj. 高兴的;快乐的 例如:I'm glad to hear he's feeling better. 听说他身体好些了,我很高兴。 glass [ɡlɑ:s, ɡlæs] n. 玻璃;玻璃制品 a glass of water 一杯水 (pl.) glasses 眼镜 a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 globe [ɡləub] n. 球状物;球体;地球仪 glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套;拳击手套 a pair of gloves 一副手套 glue [ɡlu:] n. 胶;胶水 mend a broken cup with glue 用胶粘补破杯 v. 用胶水将物体粘合;粘贴 glue two pieces of wood together 将两块木头粘合在一起 go [ɡəu] v.行进;去; 短语: 1. go ahead 走在前面,领先;干吧,干下去 例如:---May I start now? ---Yes, go ahead. ---我现在可以开始吗?---可以,开始吧。 2. go away 走开。 例如:Don't go away. I'll be back in a minute.别走开,我马上回来。 3. go by (指时间)过去;消逝 例如:As time goes by my memory seems to get worse. 随着时间的流逝,我的记忆力似乎越来越差了。 4.go in for 参加。 例如:His brother doesn't go in for sports. 他弟弟没有参加运动。 5.go fishing (shopping, skating) (去)钓鱼(买东西,滑冰) 6.go for a walk 散步 7. go off (闹铃)闹响 例如:This morning my alarm clock didn't go off. 今天早晨我的闹钟没响。 8. go on 继续(说/做)下去。go on with 继续 例如:Who knows what's going on here?有谁知道这里发生了什么事? 9. go over 复习,仔细检查。 例如:Let's go over the lesson again. 让我们把功课再复习一遍。 10. go straight along 沿着……一直往前走。 例如:Go straight along the street and take the second turning on the left. 沿着街道向前走,在第二个拐弯处左拐。 11. go through 查阅;浏览 例如:I always start the day by going through my email. 我总是每天一早就查阅我的电子邮件。 goat [ɡəut] n.山羊;愚蠢的人 god [ɡɔd] n.偶像 God 上帝 gold [ɡəuld] n. & adj 黄金;金色. a gold medal 金牌 win a/ the gold 获得金牌 golden ['ɡəuldən] adj.金色的;含金的 golf [ɡɔlf] n. 高尔夫球运动 play golf 打高尔夫球 golfer ['ɡɔlfə] n. 打高尔夫球者 good [ɡud] ( better [betə], best [best] ) adj. 好的;能干的; 短语:1. be good at 擅长,善于。例如:He is good at drawing.他擅长绘画。 2. be good for 对……有好处。例如:Practice is good for our health.锻炼有益于健康。 3. be good to 对……态度好。例如:The old man is always not so good to foreign visitors.这老人对外国游客的态度一直不好。 goodbye [,ɡud'bai] (bye-bye) interj.再见 goods [ɡudz] n. 货物;商品 cheap goods 便宜货物; cotton goods 棉织商品 goose [ɡu:s] (pl geese [ɡi:s]) n.鹅;鹅肉 government ['ɡʌvənmənt] n.统治;支配;政府 grade [ɡreid] n.等级;分数;年级 gradually ['grædjuəli] adv. 逐渐地;渐渐地 例如:Things gradually improved.情况已逐渐改善。 graduate ['ɡrædʒuət, 'ɡrædjueit] n. 大学毕业生 a law graduate 法律系毕业生 a graduate of Oxford 牛津大学毕业生 v. 毕业 graduate in sth. (at / from sth.) She graduated from Cambridge with a degree in law. 她毕业于剑桥大学,获法学学士学位。 grammar ['ɡræmə] n.语法;文法 grandchild n. ['ɡrænd,tʃaild] n. 孙子;孙女 granddaughter ['ɡræn,dɔ:tə] n.孙女;外孙女 grandfather/grandpa ['ɡrænd,fɑ:ðə] ['ɡrændpɑ:] n.祖父 grandmother/grandma ['ɡrænd,mʌðə] ['ɡrændmɑ:] n.(外)祖母 grandparents n.祖父母 grandparent ['ɡrænd,pεərənt] n. 祖父;祖母 grandson ['ɡrændsʌn] n. 孙子;外孙 granny ['ɡræni] n. .奶奶;外婆 grammar ['ɡræmə] n. 语法 grape [ɡreip] n. 葡萄 a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄 grape juice 葡萄汁 grass [ɡrɑ:s, ɡræs] n. 草;牧草 gray [grei] (grey) n.& adj. 灰色(的);灰白(的) great [ɡreit] adj. 大的;巨大的 Great Lake 五大湖(加拿大及美国之间的五个湖的总称) Greece 希腊 green [ɡri:n] n. & adj 绿色(的);青葱的 green pepper 青椒 greet [ɡri:t] v. 欢迎;接受;致意;问候 He greeted me in a friendly way. 他很友好的跟我打招呼。 ground [ɡraund] n.地;地面 group [ɡru:p] n.集体;团体 a group of girls 一群女孩子 a newspaper group 报业集团 grow [ɡrəu] (grew [ɡru:], grown[ɡrəun] ) v. 增加;成长; 短语:grow up 成年,长成。例如:I want to be a doctor when I grow up. 我长大后想当医生。 guard [ɡɑ:d] n.警惕;看守 guess [ɡes] v. 猜测;估计 例如:Can you guess her age/ guess how old she is? 你能猜出她的年龄吗? guest [ɡest] n. 客人;宾客 例如:He invited her to be his guest for the evening at the theatre.他邀请她晚上去看戏。 guide [ɡaid] n. 向导;导游 a tour guide 导游 例如:I know the place well, so let me be your guide. 我熟悉那地方,我来当你们的向导。 v. 引导;指导 例如:I guided him to his seat. 我把他领到他的座位上去。 guidebook [ɡaidbuk] n. (旅行、游览等)指南 guilty ['ɡilti] adj. 内疚的;有罪的;犯罪的 例如:I feel guilty about visiting her so rarely. 我因极少看望她而感到内疚。 guitar [ɡi'tɑ:] n.吉他 例如:He likes playing the guitar. 他喜欢弹吉他。 gum [ɡʌm]n. 口香糖 chew gum 嚼口香糖 gun [ɡʌn] n.枪;炮 例如:Look out, he has got a gun!小心,他拿着枪呢! guy [ɡai] n. 家伙;小伙子 例如:He's a great guy. 他是个了不起的小伙子。 gym [dʒim]= gymnasium [dʒim'neiziəm] n.体育馆;健身房 exercise in the gym 在健身房锻 炼 gymnast ['dʒimnæst] n. 体操运动员 gymnastic [dʒim'næstik]adj. 体育的;体操的 gymnastics [dʒim'næstiks] n. 体操 H habit ['hæbit] n.习性;习惯 短语:be in/ fall into/ get into/ the habit of doing sth. 有(养成)做某事的习惯 例如:He is not in the habit of drinking a lot. 他不习惯于多喝酒。 I've got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as I get home. 我已养成了一到家就打开电视的习惯。 habitat ['hæbitæt] n. (动植物的)自然环境;栖息地 例如:The creature's habitat is the jungle. 这种动物的栖息地是丛林。 hair [hεə] n.毛发;茸毛 hair band 发带 hair clip 发卡 haircut ['hεəkʌt] n. 理发;发型 例如:That's a nice haircut. 那个发式很漂亮。 You should have a haircut. 你该理发了。 half [hɑ:f, hæf] adj. & n. (pl. halves)一半;半场 例如:I divided the apples into halves. 我把苹果分成两瓣。 half past one, two etc.一点半、两点半…… hall [hɔ:l] n.门厅;大楼;大厅;厅堂 in the hall 在大厅 Halloween ['hæləu'i:n] n. 万圣节前夕(10 月 31 日) ham [hæm] n.火腿;后腿 a slice of ham 一片火腿 a ham sandwich 火腿三明治 hamburger ['hæmbə:ɡə] n.汉堡包 hamster ['hæmstə] n. 仓鼠 hand [hænd] n.手;前腿 v. 交给。 短语:1. hand in 交上来。例如:The teacher asked the students to hand in their papers.老师叫 学生将试卷交上来。 2. hand out 分发;发放 例如:They are having out emergency things. 他们正在分发 紧急物品。 handbag ['hændbæɡ] n.手包 handsome ['hænsəm] adj.英俊的;漂亮的 handwriting ['hænd,raitiŋ] n. 手写;书法 hang ['hæŋ] (hung[hʌŋ] , hung) v.使悬挂;使吊起 上吊;绞死;处以绞刑(hanged, hanged) 短语:hang out (俚语)闲逛;闲荡 happen ['hæpən] v. 发生;出现 短语:1. sb. happen to sth. 某人发生某事 例如:If anything happens to him, let me know. 如 果他有什么不测,就通知我。 2. sth. happen to sb. 碰巧;恰巧;恰好 例如:She happened to be out when he called. 他打电话是,她恰好不在家。 词义辨析:happen/ take place happen 指偶然发生的或未经筹划的。 例如:The accident happened at about 9:30. 事故发 生在 9 点 30 分左右。 take place 表示必然性的"发生"或者是计划安排好"举行"。 例如:Great changes have taken place in my home town recently. 最近我的家乡发生了巨大的 变化。 happy ['hæpi] adj. 愉快的;满足的;快乐的;幸福的 hard [hɑ:d] adj. & adv. 坚硬的;结实的;困难的;艰难的;努力地;费劲地 hard-working ['hɑ:d,wə:kiŋ] adj. 勤勉的;努力工作的,尽心尽力的 hardly ['hɑ:dli] adv. 几乎不。 词义辨析:hard /hardly 这两个词都是副词,但意思和用法截然不同。hard 是"努力、猛烈、困 难"的意思,而 hardly 是"几乎不、简直不"的意思,是否定词。例如:We should work hard to pass the eaxm.我们应该努力学习,通过考试。 They could hardly believe the news, could they?他们几乎不敢相信这个消息, 不是吗? hat [hæt] n.帽子;职务 hate [heit] v. & n.仇恨;憎恨 have [hæv, həv] ( has[hæz, həz, əz], had[hæd], had) v 有;拥有. 短语:1.had better (do) 最好(做) You had better get up early. 你最好早点起床。 You'd better not smoke here.你最好不要在这吸烟。 2.have a cold 患感冒 3. have a good time 玩得很痛快。例如:We had a good time in the park yesterday. 我们昨天在公园里玩得很愉快。 4.have classes 上课 5. have on 穿着。例如:He has a black coat on today.今天他穿着一件黑色的上衣。 6.have a try 尝试,努力:例如:Have a try again and then you can get it .再试一次你 就能得到它。 7. have no idea 不知道。例如:I have no idea about the accident happened at the street corner.我对发生在街道拐角处的事故一无所知。 8. have to 不得不,必须。have got to 不得不;必须 近义词辨析:have / there be 都是"有"的意思,区别是:there be 指"某处存有",例 如:There is a map on the wall.墙上有一幅地图。而 have 指"所有,拥有"例如:I have a brother and a sister.我有一个弟弟一个妹妹。 v. 从事;进行;吃;喝 例如:have a swim, walk, ride, etc. 游泳,散步,骑马 have a wash, rest, talk 洗一洗,歇一歇,谈一谈 have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 Let me have a try. 让我试一下。 She usually has a bath in the morning. 她早上通常要洗个澡。 I usually have a sandwich for lunch. 我午饭是通常吃块三明治。 We have coffee at 11. 我们 11 点钟喝咖啡。 Hawaii [hɑ:'waii:] n. (美国州名)夏威夷 he [hi:, hi] pron.他;它 head [hed] n.头部;才能 例如:My head aches.我头痛。 Use your head.动动脑筋。 headache ['hedeik] n.头痛 have a headache 头痛 headmaster ['hed'mɑ:stə, 'hed'mæstə] n. (中小学的)校长 headphone ['hedfəun] n. 耳机 a pair of headphones 一副耳机 head teacher n. 班主任 health [helθ] n.健康;健康状况 be in good health= be healthy 身体健康 He is healthy. / He is in good health. 他很健康。 Exercise is good for the health. 锻炼身体有益于身体健康。 healthy ['helθi] (-ier,-iest) adj. 健康的 a healthy child 健康的孩子 hear [hiə] (heard[hə:d] , heard) v.听见;听取; 短语 : 1. hear about/ of 听说: 例如:I've ever heard of someone doing that.我曾经听说过有人 做那种事。 2. hear from 接到……来信。例如:I often hear my old friends. 我经常收到老朋友的来 信。 近义词辨析:listen to / hear / sound 1. listen 强调动作,意思 是"听",不侧重于结果。例如:They are listening to the radio.他们 正在听收音机。 2. hear 强调结果,意思是"听见",例如:I listened carefully but heard nothing.我仔细听,却 没听到什么。 3. sound 是连系动词,意思是"听起来,听上去",后面接名词、形容词。例如:The news sounds great.这消息听起来很棒。 heart [hɑ:t] n. 心;心脏 heat [hi:t] n.高温;热情 v. (使某物)变热或变暖 heaven ['hevən] 天堂;极乐世界 heavy ['hevi] adj.(-ier, -iest) 重的;密度大的 例如:How heavy is it? 这个有多重? There will be a heavy rain. 将会有场大雨。 adv. heavily height [hait] n.高度;身高 例如:What's the height of the mountain? 这山有多高? He 's two meters in height. 他身高两米。 hello (hi) [he'ləu, hə'ləu] interj.哈罗;喂 help [help] v.帮助;扶持 例如: help oneself to 请随便吃点 Help yourself to some fish.请随便吃些鱼吧。 help sb. with sth./do sth. 帮助某人做某事 My sister helps me with my English/ study English/ to study English. 我姐姐帮我学英语。 helpful ['helpful] adj.有用的;有益的 a helpful person 有用的人 her [hə:, hə] pron.她 here [hiə] adv.在这里;到这里 here and there 在各地;各处 hero ['hiərəu] n.(pl. -es)英雄;勇士 herself [hə:'self] pron. 她自已 hide [haid] (hid [hid], hidden ['hidən]) v.把…藏起来 例如:The sun was hidden by the clouds. 太阳被云遮住了。 high [hai] adj.高的;特定高度的 hill [hil] n.小山;土堆 例如:The house is on the side of a hill. 那所房子坐落在山坡上。 him [him] pron. 他 himself [him'self] pron.他自已 his [hiz] pron.他的 historical [his'tɔrikəl] adj. 历史上的; 历史题材的 historical research 历史研究 history ['histəri] n. 历史学;历史 hit [hit] (hit, hit ) v.击;投掷; She hit me on his head with a book. 她用书打我的头。 I was hit by a falling stone. 我被落下的石头击中了。 n. 成功而轰动一时的事物(如歌曲等) hit song, records 流行歌曲,歌曲唱片 Her new film is quite a hit. 她的新影片十分成功。 hoax [həuks] n. 骗局;恶作剧;戏弄;玩笑 hobby ['hɔbi] n.业余爱好;癖好 hold [həuld] (held [held] , held) v.握住;抓紧; 拿着;容纳; 短语 : hold on 等一下;停住;坚持 例如: Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. 停一停,让我喘口气。 They tried to hold on until help arrived. 他们设法坚持住直到有救援到来。 Hold on to your dream.坚持你的梦想。 hole [həul] n.洞;穴 holiday ['hɔlədi] n.假日;节日 短语 :on holiday 在休假 例如:He is on holiday this week. 他本周休息。 home [həum] n. & adv. 家;固定住处 例如:He left home at sixteen. 他十六岁是离开了家。 Is there anybody at home? 有人在家吗? Make yourself at home! 不要拘束! homeless ['həumlis] adj. 无家的;无家可归的 例如: He gave all his money to the homeless. 他把所有的钱都给了无家可归的人。 homeland ['həumlænd] n. 祖国; 故乡 home-made ['həum'meid] adj. 自制的; 家里做的 例如:Home-made jam is usually better than the kinds you buy in the shops. 自制的果酱通常要比从商店里买的好吃。 homesick ['həumsik] adj.想家的;思念家乡的; 例如:He was homesick for France. 他思念祖国法国。 hometown ['həum'taun] n. 家乡;故乡 homework ['həumwə:k] n.家庭作业;准备工作 例如: My little brother is doing his homework.我弟弟在做作业。 homophone ['hɔməufəun] n. 同音异形异意词 honest ['ɔnist] adj.正当的;诚实的 an honest businessman 可靠的商人 短语: to be honest 说实话 To be honest, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 说实话,我们没有获胜的可能。 反义词:dishonest honey ['hʌni] n. 蜂蜜 honour ['ɔnə] ( US honor) n. & v.崇敬;名誉 It is a great honour to be invited. 承蒙邀请,十分荣幸。 hoop [hu:p] n. (木头,金属等做的)箍,圈,环 hope [həup] n. & v. 希望;期望; 近义词辨析:hope 和 wish 1. hope (that) 指与过去,现在或未来有关的希望 例如:I hope you are ready. 我希望你已经准备好了。 We hope you are happy. 我们希望你幸福。 wish (that) 表达的是过去,现在或将来发生了令人遗憾的事。 例如: I wish I could speak Chinese. 我要是会说汉语该多好啊。 2. hope to do 和 wish (sb.) to do 此时两者意思较为接近。 She hopes to have a job overseas. 她希望找个海外的工作。 意为她有此强烈的愿望并极有可能实现) She wished to have a job overseas. 她盼望找个海外工作。 (是表达她有此愿望的郑重说法) horse [hɔ:s] n. 马;马科动物 hospital ['hɔspitəl] n. 医院 短语:go to hospital 去医院 I'm going to hospital to visit my friend.我要去医院看望我的朋友。 in the hospital 在医院 He works in the hospital. 他在医院工作。 in hospital 有病住院 I've never been in hospital.我从未住过医院。 host [həust] n. 主人;主持人;主办人员 例如:Mr. and Mrs. Hill are such good host. 希尔先生和夫人招待客人真周到。 The host on tonight's show is Liyong. 今晚表演节目的主持人是李咏。 v. 主办;主持 例如:Which country is hosting the Games this year? 今年的运动会由哪国主办? Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics. 北京将主办 2008 年奥运会。 hot [hɔt] adj.(-tter, -ttest)热的;烫的 hotdog n.热狗面包 hotel [həu'tel] n.旅馆;旅店 staying at/ in a hotel 住旅馆 hour ['auə] n. 小时;时间 an hour 一小时 例如:The film starts at 7:30 and lasts two hours. 影片 7:30 分开演,演两个小时。 house [haus, hauz] n.住房;住宅 例如:I'm going to my aunt's house. 星期日我要去我姨家。 housework ['hauswə:k] n.家务活 how [hau] adv.怎样;如何 however [hau'evə] adv. & conj.无论如何; 然而 例如:You won't move that stone, however strong you are. 不管你力气有多大,也休想搬动那块石头 She fell ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了,然而她照旧去上班,并且尽力集中精神工作。 huge [hju:dʒ] adj.极大的;巨大的 a huge elephant 巨大的象 例如:Canada is a huge country. 加拿大是个幅员广大的国家。 human ['hju:mən] n. = human being 人;人类 humid ['hju:mid] adj. 潮湿的; 湿润的 hundred ['hʌndrəd] num.一百;百计 短语 : hundreds of 成百的;许多 hunger ['hʌŋɡə] n. 饿;饥饿 例如:He died of hunger. 他饿死了。 hungry ['hʌŋɡri] adj.饥锇的;挨锇的 例如:Let's eat soon --- I'm hungry. 咱们早点吃吧---我饿了。 hurry ['hʌri, 'hə:ri] n. & v. 匆忙;赶快 短语 : 1. in a hurry 迅速地;匆忙地 例如:She dressed in a hurry. 她迅速穿好衣服。 He was in a hurry to leave.他急于离开。 2. hurry up 快些做 例如: I wish the train would hurry up and come. 我希望列车快点开来。 hurt [hə:t] (hurt, hurt) v. & n. 使…疼痛;使…受伤; 痛苦;疼痛 例如:Are you badly hurt? 你伤得厉害吗? He hurt his back when he fell. 他跌倒是背部受了伤。 It hurts when I move my leg. 我的腿一动就疼。 husband ['hʌzbənd] n. 丈夫 I I [ai] pron. 我 ice n. 冰;冰层 例如:Is the ice thick enough for skating. 这冰的厚度能禁得住在上边滑冰吗? ice cream ['aiskri:m] n.冰淇淋 ice skating n. 滑冰 ice tea n. 冰茶 ID card n. (ID= identification) 身份证 idea [ai'diə, 'ai'diə] n.计划;主意 have no idea=not know 不知道 例如:That's a good idea. 那是个好主意。 He is full of ideas. 他足智多谋。 He has no idea how to manage people. 他不知道做人事工作。 ideal [ai'diəl] adj. 理想的;完美的 ideal weather for a holiday 度假的理想天气 if [if]conj 假如;倘若 1.引导条件状语从句"主将从现" If it doesn't rain, we'll have a picnic.如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐。 I'll come at 6 if (it is ) necessary. 如果必要,我 6 点种来。 2. 与过去时连用表示假想的情况 If you learned to type, you would easily find a job. 如果你学过打字,就容易找工作了。 I would come early if I were you. 如果我是你,我就会早点去。 3. 用于 ask, know, find out, wonder 等之后,引导宾语从句,"是否" Do you know if he's married? 他结婚没结婚,你知道吗? I wonder if I should wear a hat. 我不知道该不该戴帽子。 ill [il] adj. 不健康的;不适的 He's been ill for two weeks. 他病了两周了。 illness ['ilnis] n.疾病;生病 imagine [i'mædʒin] v.想像;幻想 例如: Imagine a house with a big garden. 设想有一所大花园的房子。 Imagine that you are in London. 想象一下你正在伦敦。 immediately [i'mi:diətli] adv.立即;马上 例如:She answered almost immediately. 她几乎当下就答复了。 impolite ['impə'lait] adj. 粗鲁的;不礼貌的 important [im'pɔ:tənt] adj.重要的;自大的 例如:It's important for me that you should be here. 你应该在场,这对我来说很重要。 importance [im'pɔ:təns] n. 重要性;重大;重要 impossible [im'pɔsəbl] adj.不可能的 例如:It's impossible for me to be there before 8:00pm. 要我晚上 8 点前赶到那是根本办不到。 impress [im'pres, 'impres]v. 使感动;给……深刻印象 impress sth. on/ upon sb. 使某人铭记 某事 例如:The sights of the city impress foreign tourists.外国游客对该市留有深刻的印象。 His words impressed on my memory. 他的话铭记在我的记忆里。 improve [im'pres, 'impres] v.改进;使变得更好;改善;提高 in [in] prep.在…里; 短语 : 1. in a minute / moment 一会儿,立刻 2. in a word 一句话;简言之 3. in English 用英语 4.in danger 处在危险状态 5. in fact 实际上;事实上 6. in front of 在……的前面 7. be in 在家 8. in no time 很快 9.in order 按顺序 10. in order to 为了…… 11. in some ways 在某些方面 12. in surprise 吃惊,惊讶 13 in style 时髦的;流行的 14. in the air 在空中 15. in the end 最后 16. in the open (air) 在野外,在户外 17. in the slightest 一点也;根本 18. in this way 用这种方法 19. in time 及时,来得及 inch [intʃ] n.英寸;水英寸 include [in'klu:d] v 包括;包含 例如:The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.旅游项目中包括参观科学博物馆。 including prep. 包括;包含 例如:The band played many songs, including some of my favorite. 乐队演奏了许多歌曲,包括几首我最喜爱的。 increase [in'kri:s, 'inkri:s] v.& n.(使)增加;(使)增长 例如:The population has increase from 1.2 million 10 years ago to 1.8 million now. 人口从 10 年前的 120 万已增加到现在的 180 万。 indeed [in'di:d] adv.事实上; 的确 India ['indiə]n.印度 Indian ['indiən]n. & adj. 印度人;印度的 indoors ['indɔ:z] adv. 在室内;往室内 industry ['indəstri] n.部门;工业; 词组:heavy industry 重工业 。 light industry 轻工 业。 inexpensive [,inik'spensiv] adj. 不贵的;价廉的 influence ['influəns] n.影响;支配力; 例如 :Dewey had a lot of influence in shaping economic policy. 杜威在制定经济政策上有很大影响力。 information [,infə'meiʃən] n. (U)通告之事;知识;信息;消息 ingredient [in'ɡri:diənt] n. (烹调用的)材料;原料;成分 例如:Mix all the ingredient in a bowl. 将调料放在盆里调匀。 injured ['indʒəd] adj. 受伤的;受损害的 an injured leg 受伤的腿 ink [iŋk] n. 墨水;油墨 insect ['insekt] n. 昆虫 inside [,in'said] prep.里面;在…里面 insist [in'sist] v.坚持; 例如:Her parents insisted on speaking to the headmistress.她父母坚持要和女校长谈话。 短语:insist on something 坚持做某事。 例如:She will insist on washing her hair just when I want to have a bath. 正当我要洗澡的时候,她偏要去洗头。 inspiration [,inspə'reiʃən] n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事物 例如:Genius is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration. 天才是 10%的灵感加上 90%的勤奋。 短语:inspiration to sb. 鼓舞或激励人的人或事 She is an inspiration to all of us. 她就是鼓励我们大家的人。 instead [in'sted] adv.代替; 短语:instead of 代替;而不是 例如:Let's play cards instead of watching TV. 咱们完纸牌吧,别看电视了。 instruction [in'strʌkʃən] n.命令;使用说明 instrument ['instrumənt, 'instrəmənt] n. 器具;工具;乐器 intelligent [in'telidʒent] adj. 聪明的;有头脑的 intend [in'tend] v.打算;计划; 短语: 1. intend to do sth. 打算做某事。 例 如 : I intend to get there as soon after 5 as I can. 我 打 算 在 5 点 后 尽 快 赶 到 那 里 。 interest ['intrist, 'intərist] n. & v. 关注;兴趣 interested ['intristid, 'intəristid] adj.有趣的 短语: be interested in 感兴趣 例如:I'm interested in history. 我对历史感兴趣。 interesting ['intristiŋ, 'intəristiŋ] adj. 有趣的;引起注意的 international [,intə'næʃənəl] n. 国际的;世界性的; 词组 : an international peace-keeping force. 国际维和部队。 an international conference 国际会议。 Internet ['intənet] n. 网络;因特网 interview ['intəvju:] n. & v. 面试;采访; interviewer ['intəvju:ə] n. 采访者 into ['intu:, 'intu, 'intə] prep 到…上;进入…里面 introduce [,intrə'dju:s] v. 介绍,引进; 例如:Allow me to introduce my wife. 让我介绍一下,这是我太太。 I was introduced to the manager at the party. 在晚会上有人把我介绍给了经理。 introduction [,intrə'dʌkʃən] n. 介绍;引言 invent [in'vent] v. 发明;首创 例如:Laszlo Biro invented the ball-point pen.拉斯洛·拜罗发明了圆珠笔。 invention [in'venʃən] n. 发明;发明物 inventor [in'ventə] n. 发明家 invite [in'vait, 'invait] v. 邀请;要求 invite sb. for sth. / to do sth. 邀请 invite sb. for/ to dinner/ to have dinner 邀请某人吃饭 invitation [,invi'teiʃən] n. 邀请 a letter of invitation 邀请信 iron ['aiən] n.& v. 铁;刚强; 例如; Sjpinach is full of iron. 菠菜含有铁元素。have an iron will 有坚强的意志。 island ['ailənd] n.岛屿 it [it] prop. 它 its [its] pron. 它的;它自已的 itself [it'self] pron. 它自已;它本身 J jacket ['dʒækit] n. 短上衣;茄克(衫) January ['dʒænjueri] n.一月;元月 Japan [dʒə'pæn]n.日本;日本 Japanese [,dʒæpə'ni:z]n.日本人;日本的 jeans [dʒi:nz]n.牛仔裤;斜纹布裤 短语:1.a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤 job [dʒɔb] n.工作;任务 join [dʒɔin] v. 结合;加入; 短语:1.join A to B 连结。 e.g. Join one section of pipe to the next. 把一段管道与相邻的管道连接起来。 2.join sb. 在一起,会面或相见。 e.g.Ask him to join us for lunch. 请他和我们一起吃午饭。 3.join sth. 参加(某组织) e.g. He joined the Party last year. 他去年入的党。 近义词辨析:attend, join, take part in attend 是指出席或参加会议、聚会、讲座等; join 是加入到某一组织、团体或人群中去,并成为其中的一员; take part in 是参加到某项活动中。 e.g. Did you attend the meeting last Friday? 你参加上周五的会议了吗? When did you join the club? 你什么时间加入的俱乐部? All the students take part in the party. 所有的学生都参加了聚会。 joke [dʒəuk] n. 笑话;笑料;v. 开玩笑. e.g. Don't be angry. It's just a joke. 别生气,这只不过是个玩笑。 I didn't mean any harm. I was just joking. 我并没恶意,我不过开个玩笑。 短语:play a joke on 开某人玩笑 e.g.It's impolite to play a joke on others. 开别人玩笑是不礼貌的。 joy [dʒɔi] n. 欢欣;高兴 juice [dʒu:s] n.菜汁;果汁 July [dʒu:'lai]n.七月 jump [dʒʌmp] v.跳跃;跳动 June [dʒu:n]n.六月 just [dʒʌst] adj. & adv 正义的;公平的. 短语:just now 现在,刚才 K kangaroo [,kænɡə'ru:] n. 袋鼠 keep [ki:p] (kept[kept] , kept) v. 保存;留有; 短语:1. keep on doing something 一直做某事。 e.g.I shouted to him but he just keep on writing. 我向他喊话,可是他一直继续写字。 2. keep out 不许进入,抵挡在外。 e.g.Those trees can keep out the strong wind. 那些树木可以抵御狂风。 3.keep away from 不靠近 4.keep a secret 保守秘密 5.keep a diary 记日记 6.keep+adj. 保持某种状态 e.g. Schools keep closed for about two months in summer. 暑期学校停课约两个月。 7. keep+n. 保存,保管. e.g. Could you keep these books for me, please? 你能替我保管这些书吗? 8. keep off 勿踏; 勿踩 近义词辨析:1.keep doing sth. / keep on doing sth. keep doing sth. 是"继续不停地做某事" e.g. They keep working on the problem till 2 o'clock this morning. 他们就这个问题一直工作到今天凌晨两点钟。 keep on doing sth. 意思是"继续反复做某事",on 用来强调动作的反复、持久,有时可以和 keep doing sth.互换。 e.g. In the following years, Marx kept on studying English and using it. 此后的几年里,马克思继 续学习和应用英语。 2.borrow / keep borrow 属暂短性动词,其动作不能延续,不能和表示时间段的状语连用;而 keep 可以跟时 间段连用。 e.g.You can keep the book for three days. 这本书你可以借三天。 He borrowed the book three days ago. 他是三天前借的这本书。 key [ki:] n. 钥匙 keyboard ['ki:bɔ:d] n.键盘 kick [kik] v. & n.踢;反对 kid [kid] n. 小山羊;小孩; e.g. I just want to speak to my kid brother. It's none of your business. 我只是想和我的弟弟通话,关你什么事。 kill [kil] v. & n.杀死;扼杀 kilogram /kilo ['kiləuɡræm] n.千克 kilometre ['kiləumi:tə] n.千米;公里 kind [kaind] n. & adj. 族;种; king [kiŋ] n.君主;国王 kiss [kis] n. & v. 吻;轻触 kitchen ['kitʃin] n.厨房;炊具 kite [kait] n.风筝;鸢 knee [ni:] n. 膝;膝部 knife [naif] (pl. knives) n.刀;刀具 knock [nɔk] v. & n.敲;打 短语:1. knock into 碰撞 2. knock down 撞倒 3. knock at (on) the door 敲门 4. a knock at (on) the door 敲门 know [nəu] (knew[nju:, nu:] , known[nəun]) v 学会,懂得.知道,了解; 短语:1. be known for 因……而出名。 e.g. He is known for his works. 他是因其作品而出名的。 2. be known as 作为……而出名。 e.g. Lu Xun was known as a writer. 鲁迅作为作家很出名的。 3. know about 了解或知道某事物 4. let sb. know 让某人知道某事物 5.make oneself known to 对……作自我介绍 近义词辨析:know / know of know 的意思是"知道、认识、熟悉" e.g. I know his father very well. 我跟他的父亲非常熟悉。 know of 的意思是"知道情况、听说过" e.g. I know of him, but I don't know him. 我听说过他,但是我不认识他。 knowledge ['nɔlidʒ] n.熟悉;知识 L lab [læb] = laboratory [lə'bɔrətəri] n. 实验室 labour ['leibə] n.体力劳动;脑力劳动 lady ['leidi] n. 贵妇人;举止 lake [leik] n.湖(泊) lamb [læm]n.羔羊;羔羊肉 lamp [læmp] n. 灯具;灯台 land [lænd] [U] 陆地、大地 短语:1. be on, reach, come to land 在陆地上、抵达陆地、到陆地 e.g.The journey to the far side of the island is quicker by land than by sea. 走陆路至海岛的另一端比从海路走快捷。 [U] (做某种用途) 土地 2.building land 建筑用地 [U] 田地 [C] 国家 3.my native land 我的祖国 v. 着陆 e.g.The airliner landed safely. 客机安全降落了。 language ['læŋɡwidʒ] n. 语言;方言 lap [læp] n. 大腿 large [lɑ:dʒ] adj.大的;巨大的 last[lɑ:st, læst] adj.最后的;最近的 e.g. December is the last month of the year. 十二月是一年的最后一月。 v. 持续 e.g. How long do you think this fine weather will last? 你认为这样的好天气会持续多久? 近义词辨析:the last / the latest the last 可指一系列事物中最后一个。 e.g. The last bus leaves at 11:15 p.m. 末班公车晚上 11 点 15 分开出。 the latest 意为"最近的" e.g. She always dressed in the latest fashion. 她总是穿最新款时装。 late [leit] adj. 迟的;晚的; e.g.My flight was an hour late. 我那趟航班晚了一个小时。 (日夜、时间等)近末尾的 短语:1.in the late afternoon 在傍晚 2.in late summer 在夏末 (多用于最高级)最新的、最近的 短语:1.her latest novel 她最近出版的小说 adv. 晚、迟 e.g.She married late. 她结婚晚。 短语:1. late into the night 到深夜。 e.g.They danced late into the night. 他们一直跳舞到深夜。 2. be late for ……迟到。 later ['leitə] adv.迟地;晚地; 短语:1. later on 后来,以后。 2.sooner or later 迟早 lately ['leitli] adv. 近来、不久前 e.g. Have you seen her lately? 你最近见过她吗? laugh [lɑ:f, læf] n. & v. 笑;发笑 短语:laugh at sb./ sth. 因…而发笑、嘲笑。 law [lɔ:] n.法律;法令 lay [lei] (laid [leid], laid) v.把…放在表面上;(鸟、虫等)产卵 e.g. He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。 The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nets. 杜鹃在别的鸟巢中产卵。 lazy ['leizi] adj.偷懒的;懒散的 lead [li:d] (led [led], led) v.带领…走 短语:1. lead sb. to sth. 引导某人、影响某人的言行 e.g.What led you to this conclusion? 你是怎样得出这结论的? 2. lead to sth. 导致某种结果 e.g.This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成了很大的混淆。 3. lead sb. to do 导致某人做某事 e.g.What led you to think so? 什么使你这样想? 4. lead to sp. 通向,引领 e.g.The road leads to the biggest room. 这条路通向最大的房间。 5. lead a … life 过着…的生活 leader ['li:də] n.领导;首领 leading ['li:diŋ]adj. 最重要的,主要的 leaf [li:f] (pl. , leaves[li:vz]) n. 叶子 learn [lə:n] (learnt [lə:nt], learnt) v.学习;记住; 短语:1. learn from… 向…学习 2.learn by oneself 自学 近义词辨:learn / study learn 和 study 都有"学习"的意思,有时可以互换使用。 e.g. I began to study/learn English 20 years ago. 我是 20 年前开始学英语的。 learn 多指初学或者是带有模仿性的操作技艺的学习,侧重于学习的结 果,多指"学会"。 e.g.He is learning English from the teacher. 他正跟老师学英语。 study 侧重于学习的过程,有时指较为高深的或周密的研究或研究性学习。 e.g.He is studying the maths problem.他正在研究数学问题。 learner ['lə:nə] n. 学习者 legend ['ledʒənd] n. 传说 lemon ['lemən] n. 柠檬 least [li:st] n.最小的;很小的; 短语:1.at least 至少,起码。 e.g. You might at least tell me first before you do the work. 干那项工作之前,你至少也该先告诉我一声。 leave [li:v] (left [left], left) v. 离开;出发;未拿,未带 e.g.It's time for us to leave. 我们该走了。 I've left my gloves on the bus. 我把手套落在公车上了。 短语:1. leave A for B 离开 A 地去 B 地 leave 为瞬间动词,若跟时间段需用 be away。 e.g. He left three days ago. 他是三天前走的。 He has been away for three days. 他走三天了。 2. leave behind 不带走、遗留 e.g.Don't leave me behind. 带我一起走。 3.leave off 中断、停止 e.g.We leave off (work) at 5. 我们 5 点收工。 4. leave sb. alone 把某人单独留下 e.g.The little boy is often left alone at home. 那个男孩常被单独留在家。 5.leave for 出发去某地 left [left] adj. & n.左边的;激进的 leg [leɡ] n.腿 lemonade [,lemə'neid] n. 柠檬汁. lend [lend] (lent [lent], lent) v. 出租;借给 短语:1. lend sth. to sb.= lend , sb.sth. e.g.Could you please lend your pen to me?= Could you please lend me your pen? 近义词辨析:lend / borrow / keep lend 是指说话人把东西借给别人用,常用 lend sth. to sb. ;borrow 指说话人 向别人借东西供自己用,常用 borrow sth. from sb.; 而 keep 表示借用多久。 e.g.How long will you keep the book? 这本书你将借多久? less [les] adj.更小的;较小的 lesson ['lesən] n. 课;课时 let [let] (let, let) v. 允许;让; 短语:1.let sb. down 使… 失望或沮丧 2. let…in 让……进来,放进 近义词辨析:let's / let us let's 是 let us 的缩写,包括听话人在内,往往用来邀请、建议对方一起做 某事,附加问句往往使用 shall we. e.g.Let's go home right now, shall we? 咱们现在就回家,好吗? Let us 往往用来请求听话人许可自己做某事,不包括听话人在内,附加问 句往往使用 will you. e.g.Let us go home, will you? 让我们回家吧,好吗? letter ['letə] n.字母;书信 level ['levəl] n.水平线;水平面; e.g. Students at this level tend to have a lot of problems with grammar. 这一水平的学生在语法上会有很多问题。 librarian [lai'brεəriən] n.图书管理人员 library ['laibrəri] n.藏书;图书馆 license ['laisəns] n.(=licence) 执照,许可证 lie [lai] n. & v. (lied,lied) (lying) 说谎 e.g. He's lying. 他在说谎。 短语:1.lie to sb. about sth. v. (lay,lain) (lying) 躺,平卧 e.g.Don't lie in bed all morning. 别一上午都躺在床上。 短语: lie down 躺一会,躺下 近义词辨析:lie / lay lie 表示"说谎" e.g. He lied about his age to join the army. 他为了参军谎报了年龄。 lay (laid,laid) (laying) 表示"放在某个面上" e.g. She laid her dress on the bed to keep it neat. 她把连衣裙放在床上以保持平整。 n. 谎言 短语:1.be full of lies 一派胡言 2.tell a lie 说谎 life [laif] [U].生命 短语:1.the origins of life on earth 地球上生命的起源 [U] 生物,活物 e.g.Is there life on Mars? 火星上有生物吗? [U] 生活 e.g.He doesn't want much from life. 他对生活所求不多。 [C] 性命 (lives) e.g.Three lives were lost in the accident. 事故中有三人丧生。 [C] 一生,终身,终生 e.g.She lived her whole life in the country. 她在农村度过一生。 lift [lift] v. 举起;提高 n. 电梯 短语:1.take the lift 搭电梯 2.give sb. a lift 搭顺风车 light ['lait] adj.& n &.v. 轻便的;自然光,光亮; 点燃,照亮 短语:1.light bulb 电灯泡 lighting ['laitiŋ] n. 光线 like [laik] v. 喜欢;喜爱; 句型:1. How do you like…?你觉得……怎么样? e.g.How do you like going shopping with us? 你觉得和我们一起去买东西怎么样? 2. look like 看起来像。 e.g.It looks like snowing. 看起来像是在下雪。 line [lain] n.线;线条 lion ['laiən] n.狮子;知名人士 list [list] n. 名单;目录 listen ['lisən] v. 听;倾听 短语:1.listen to 听 little ['litl] adj. 小的;少的;n. 少许,一会儿,adv. 很少 litter ['litə] v. & n.废物;垃圾 live [liv] v. 活着;居住 短语:1. live on .靠吃……生存。 e.g.Sheep live on grass.羊以草为生。 lively ['laivli] adj. 活跃的;生动的 local ['ləukəl] adj. 当地的,地方的 lock [lɔk] n. & v. 锁;船闸 London ['lʌndən] n.伦敦 lonely ['ləunli] adj.孤独的;寂寞的 long [lɔŋ, lɔ:ŋ] adj.长的;久的 look [luk] v. .看望;打量; 短语 : 1. look after 照看,照顾。 e.g. My friend looked after my cat while I was on holiday. 在我去度假的时候,我的朋友照料我的猫。 2. look at 看。 e.g. May I have a look at it please? 请让我看一看好吗? 3. look for 寻找。 e.g. Mother is looking for her gloves. 母亲在找她的手套。 4.look up 查(字典),查找。 e.g. While reading, do not look up the new words in the dictionary all the time. 阅读时,不要老是查字典。 5.look back on 回顾 e.g.She always looks back on his childhood. 她总是回顾童年。 6. look down on sb / sth. 鄙视,看不起 e.g.She looks down on people who've never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。 7.look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待 e.g.We're so much looking forward to seeing you again. 我们非常盼望再见到你。 8.look into 调查,观察 e.g. A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立工作组调查该问题。 9. look out 留心 e.g.Look out for pickpockets. 小心扒手。 10. look over 检查 e.g.We must look over the house before we decide to rent it. 我们必须先察看一下这所房子再决定租不租。 11.look round 参观、游览 e.g. Shall we look round the cathedral this afternoon? 我们今天下午参观大教堂好吗? 12. look through 快速阅读 e.g. She looked through her notes before the exam. 考前她匆匆看了一眼笔记。 13. look like 像… 的样子 e.g. It looks like salt and it is salt. 看着像盐也的确是盐。 14. look ahead 向前看,展望未来 lookout ['lukaut] n. 守望,远景 lose [lu:z] (lost [lɔst, lɔ:st], lost) v. 丧失;丢失 短语:1. lose one's life 丧生 e.g.He lost his life in an accident. 他在车祸中丧生。 2. lose touch with sb./ sth. 失去联系 e.g.I've lost my touch with all my old friends. 我和所有的老朋友都失去了联系。 3. lose one's way 迷路 e.g.We lost our way in the dark. 我们在黑暗中迷路了。 4. lose oneself in sth. 专心致志于某事 e.g.I soon lost myself in the film. 电影很快吸引了我。 5. lose heart 泄气,丧失信心 e.g. Don't lose your heart, you're the best! 别泄气,你是最棒的! lot [lɔt] n. 大量;很多 loud [laud] adj. & adv. 大声的;喧闹的 e.g. oud voices,screams,laughs 洪亮的嗓音、喊声、笑声 Speak louder, I can't hear you. 大点声说,我听不见。 近义词辨析:loud / loudly / aloud loud 指说话声、笑声等; loudly 强调声音高,喧闹,不悦耳; aloud 只是为人听见而发音。 e.g. Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声敲门。 He called aloud for help. 他高声喊叫求救。 love [lʌv] v. & n.爱;喜爱 lovely ['lʌvli] adj. 美丽的;可爱的 low [ləu] adj. & adv. 低的;矮的 luck [lʌk] n.运气;造化 luckily ['lʌkili] adv. 交好运地;幸运地 lucky ['lʌki] adj. 交好运的;幸运的 lunch [lʌntʃ] n. 午餐 lyric ['lirik] n. (常用复数形式)歌词,抒情词句 M machine [mə'ʃi:n] n. 机器;机械 mad [mæd] adj. 神经错乱的;疯狂的 短语:1. go mad with sth. 因某事而发狂。 e.g. Hearing the good news, he almost went mad with joy. 听到那个好消息,他欣喜若狂。 2. be mad about 对……入迷。 e.g. Most of the young students are mad about pop music. 绝大多数青年学生对流行音乐着迷。 3. be mad at 对……恼火。 e.g.The manager was mad at his speech. 经理对他所说的话很恼火。 madam/madame ['mædəm] [mɑ:'dɑ:m, 'mædəm] n. 夫人;女士 magazine [,mæɡə'zi:n] n. 杂志;期刊 magic ['mædʒik] adj. & n. 魔法;巫术 mail [meil] n.邮件;邮包 main [mein] adj. 主要的;首要的 mainly ['meinli] adv. 主要地,首要地 make [meik] (made [meid], made) v. 创造;做 近义词辨析: make / produce / do / let 1.make, produce, 作"生产、制造"讲时,二者可以互换。 e.g. They produce cars in the factory.(They make cars in the factory) 这家工厂生产轿车。 2. make 与 do 二者表示不同的"做",通常说做一个 动作, 用 do 来表示,而做一种以前并不存在的东西,则用 make e.g. --What are you doing? 你在做什么? --I'm cooking. 我在包饺子。 3. make 与 let "让……"的意思。Let 一词含有提出建议的意思,而 make 一词则带有强制性,命令的意味。 e.g.Mum let me stay at home last night.昨晚妈妈让我呆在家里。 短语:1. make (good)use of 好好利用 e.g. We should make good use of the knowledge we have. 我们应该充分利用我们的知识。 2. make a contribution to 贡献给,捐赠 3.make a decision 做出决定 4.make a mistake 犯错误 5.make a telephone call (to )(给……)打电话 6. make a face 做鬼脸 7. make friends 交朋友 8. make sure 确保,确认 9. make up 组成,占。 e.g.Are all animal bodies made up of cells? 所有动物的身体都是细胞组成的吗? 10.make up for 祢补,补偿。 e.g.Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。 11.make up one's mind 下决心。 e.g.We make up our mind to study hard. 我们决心好好学习。 12. be made of 由……组成。(看得出原料) e.g.My table is made of wood. 我的桌子是木头制成的。 13. be made from 由……组成。(看不出原料) e.g.Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 14. make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音 15.make one's living 谋生 e.g.He makes his living by giving piano lessons. 他以教授钢琴为生。 man [mæn] (pl. men [men]) n. 人;成年男子 manage ['mænidʒ] v. 组织;管理 manager ['mænidʒə] n.经理;经纪人 manatee [,mænə'ti:] n. 海牛 mangrove ['mæŋɡrəuv] n. 红树,红树林 manner ['mænə] n. 礼貌,风格,习惯 注意:作"礼貌,风格,习惯"解时,通常用复数:good/ bad manners 有/没有礼貌。 e.g. It's bad manners to laugh at people. 嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。 作"方式、方法"及"态度"解时,常用单数;表示方式或方法时,用介词 in。 e.g. I don't like his manner. 我不喜欢她的态度。 He objected in a forceful manner. 他表示坚决反对。 many ['meni] ( more [mɔ:], most [məust]) pron. & adj. 许多;大量的; 短语:1. a great/good many 非常多的,很多的。 e.g.A great many people took part in the match.许多人参加了比赛。 2.many a 许多(与单数名词连用,谓语动词也用单数)。 e.g.Many a man was killed in the traffic accident. 许多人死于车祸。 map [mæp] n. 地图;路线图 March [mɑ:tʃ]n.三月 mark [mɑ:k] n. & v.痕迹;污点;记号 market ['mɑ:kit] n.市场;集市; 短语 :1. the money market 金融市场。 2. the stock market 证券市场 marriage ['mæridʒ] n.结婚;婚姻 marry ['mæri] v.结婚;嫁娶 短语:1.marry sb. 和某人结婚 e.g.John is going to marry Jane. 约翰将要和简结婚。 2. be/get married 结婚 e.g.They got married last month. 他们上个月结婚了。 3. be/get married to 跟某人结婚 e.g.He is going to get married to her. 他要和她结婚。 Mars [mɑ:z]n. 火星 master ['mɑ:stə, 'mæstə] n. 主人;户主;v. 掌握 match [mætʃ] v. & n. 竞赛;比赛 material [mə'tiəriəl] n. 材料,物质,原料 e.g. We use high-quality raw material for our goods. 我们的产品是用优质原料制造的。 I have enough material to make two dresses. 我有够做两件连衣裙的料子。 maths [mæθs] n. 数学 matter ['mætə] n.物质;材料;麻烦,毛病 短语: 1. no matter 不论,不管 2. as a matter of fact 事实上,其实。 e.g. As a matter of fact, he didn't care about death and life. 事实上,他根本没考虑生死问题。 may [mei] modal v. 表示;可能 May n.五月 maybe ['meibi] adv. 或许;大概 me [mi:, mi] pron. 我 meal [mi:l] n. 餐;饭食 mean [mi:n] (meant [ment], meant) v. 意欲;打算 meaning ['mi:niŋ] n. 意思;含义 meat [mi:t] n. 肉;实质 medical ['medikəl] adj. 医学的;内科的 短语:1.medical research 医学研究 medicine ['medisin] n.医学;药 短语:1.take the medicine 吃药 meet [mi:t] (met [met], met) v.碰见;相逢 meeting ['mi:tiŋ] n. 聚会;相会 melon ['melən] n.瓜;甜瓜 member ['membə] n. 成员;会员 memorize ['meməraiz] v. 记忆,背诵 e.g.She can memorize facts quickly. 她能很快记住许多资料。 memory ['meməri] n. 记忆力;记性; mend [mend] v.修补;修理; 近义词辨析:mend / repair repair 多用于建筑、机器、车辆等。 mend 则一般用于衣服、鞋袜等小东西,偶尔也用于道路、门窗等。 e.g. My watch doesn't work. Can you repair it for me? 我的手表不转了,你能帮我修修吗? Please mend the road as quickly as possible. 请尽快把路修好。 mention ['menʃən] n. & v 提及;说到 message ['mesidʒ] n. 消息;音信 e.g.There is no message from him till now.直到现在还没有他的消息。 短语: 1. leave a message 留个口信。 2. send a message 发信息 3. get the message 明白,理解 metal ['metəl] n. & adj.金属;钢轨 method ['meθəd] n. 方法;条理 metre [mi:tə] n. 米;公尺 microwave ['maikrəuweiv] n. & adj. 微波(的) 短语:1.microwave oven 微波炉 middle ['midl] adj. & n. 中间的;中等的;中间、中央 近义词辨析:middle / center middle "中间","中部"多指面;可适用于空间与时间。 e.g. In the middle of the park there is a spring. 在公园的中部有一眼泉水(不一定正中心)。 center "中心"多指点;只用于空间概念。 e.g. At the center of the park there is a spring 在公园的中心处有一眼泉水。 might [mait] v. & aux.许可 ;本该 mile [mail] n. 英里; milk [milk] n.奶;乳汁 million ['miljən] n. 百万 短语:1.millions of 数以百万计的 mind [maind] v. & n. 意思;感情; 短语:1. change one's mind 改变主意。 e.g. Why did he change his mind?Do you know? 他为什么改变了主意?你知道吗? 2. make up one's mind 下决心。 3. mind + doing 用来客气地提出请求. 4. mind + sb's + doing 用来提出询问征求对方意见。 5. come to one's mind 出现于某人的脑海中,想起,记起。 e.g. Seeing the photo,the wonderful time they spent together came to his mind. 看到相片,他便想起了他们一起度过的好时光。 6. never mind 不要紧,没关系。 7.keep one's mind on sth. 继续专心于某事 8. Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不烦。 句式:Would you mind doing …? 做…你介意吗? 其否定形式为:Would you mind not doing sth? Of course not./ Certainly not. I'm sorry, but… mine[main] pron., n. & v. 我的;矿井,矿石;采掘,采矿 minute ['minit] n.分 mirror ['mirə] n. 镜子; 短语:1. look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子。 e.g. She looked at herself in the mirror again and again, she found she was old. 她一遍又一遍的照镜子,她发现自己老了。 Miss [mis] n.女士;小姐 miss v. 未达到,未碰见;思念,想念 mistake [mi'steik] (mistook [mis'tuk],mistaken [mi'steikən] ) v. & n. 过失;误解; 短语:1. make a mistake 犯错误 2. there is no mistake 毫无疑问 e.g. There is no mistake that he has got the key. 毫无疑问他已经找到了钥匙。 3. by mistake 搞错,弄错 e.g.He took my schoolbag by mistake.他拿错了我的书包。 4.mistake A for B 把 A 误认为是 B model ['mɔdəl] n. 模型;雏形 modern ['mɔdən] adj.近代的;现代的 mom [mɔm] (mum) n. 妈妈 moment ['məumənt] n. 片刻;瞬间 Monday ['mʌndei] n. 星期一 money ['mʌni] n. 金钱;货币;金额; 短语:1. make money 挣钱。 e.g.He is good at making money.他很会挣钱。 2. save money 省钱。 e.g. Lily began to save money because she wants to buy a new house. 莉莉开始省钱了,因为她想买房子。 3. pocket money 零用钱。 e.g. Our monitor always has much pocket money. 我们班长总是有很多零花钱。 monitor ['mɔnitə] n.监察人;班长 monkey ['mʌŋki] n. 猴;淘气鬼 month [mʌnθ] n. 月 moon [mu:n] n. 月球;月亮 more [mɔ:] adj., adv. & n. 更大的;大多数的; 短语: 1. more than 多于…… e.g.More than one person has helped him. 不止一人帮助过他。 2. no more (= not… any more) 不再 e.g.Time lost will no more return. 时间一去不复返。 3.no more than 不过,仅仅。 e.g.He had no more than one yuan with him. What could he buy his wife for her birthday? 他身上只有一元钱,他能给他妻子买点什么生日礼物呢? 4.not more than 不超过; e.g. He worked hard on and on,but the boss paid him not more than ten yuan a day. 他不停地卖力工作,但老板每天至多付他十元钱。 5.more and more 越来越…… 6.more or less 或多或少 e.g.What you have done will more or less be helpful to us. 你所做的一切或多或少将对我们有帮助。 7. the more…the more…越……越…… e.g.The more we pay, the more we gain. 付出的越多,得到的越多。 morning ['mɔ:niŋ] n. 早晨;上午 most [məust] adj. 最大的;大多数的; 短语:1.at (the) most 至多, 不超过。 mother ['mʌðə] n.母亲;妈妈 motorcycle ['məutə,saikl] n. 摩托车; mountain ['mauntin] n. 山岳;山 mouse [maus, mauz] n. (pl. mice [mais]) 鼠;懦夫 mouth [mauθ] n. 嘴;口 move [mu:v] v. 搬家;移动;使某人感动 e.g. The Blacks moved to Shanghai last month.上个月布莱克一家搬到了上海。 The story of their sufferings moved us deeply. 他们的苦难深深地打动了我们。 movement ['mu:vmənt] n. 移动;活动 movie ['mu:vi] n.电影;影片 Mr. (mister ['mistə]) n. 先生 Mrs. (mistress ['mistris]) n. 夫人;太太 Ms n. 女士 much [mʌtʃ] adj. 多的;大量的 短语:1. too much 相当多(后面接不可数名词) e.g.There is too much snow in Harbin in winter.在哈尔滨,冬天雪非常多。 2.much too 实在,太(后接形容词、副词)。 e.g. They are much too busy. Let's go and help them. 他们实在太忙了,我们去帮助他们吧。 3.how much 多少。 e.g.How much milk does the little boy have a day? 这个小孩一天喝多少牛奶? murder ['mə:də] v. 谋杀;凶杀 museum [mju:'ziəm] n 博物馆;博物院 music ['mju:zik] n.音乐;音乐作品 must [mʌst, məst, məs] modal v. 必须;必要 my [mai] pron. 我的 myself [mai'self] pron.我自己的 mysterious [mi'stiəriəs] adj. 神秘的,不可思议的 mystery ['mistəri] n. 神秘的事物,迷 N neck [nek] n.颈项;脖子: 短语:1.neck and neck (在赛马,竞争或斗争中)双方势均力敌 need [ni:d] v. 短语:1. need do sth 需要做某事 (是情态动词) eg. You don't look well, I think you need see a doctoe. 你看起来不舒服,我认为你应该去看医生。 2 need to do sth 需要做某事 (是实意动词) eg. We need to help the poor students go to college 我们应该帮助穷苦的学生念大学。 3 need doing sth 需要做某事(是实意动词,在这个句型中有被动的含义,且主语 通常是物) eg.The flowers need watering .花需要浇水了。 n. 需求;需要;要求 neither ['naiðə, 'ni:ðə] adj. 两者均不; 短语:1.neither…nor…在 neither…nor 结构中谓语动词遵循就近原则。即:谓语的单复数与 最邻近的主语保持一致。 eg. Neither you nor your brother has given the right answer. / Neither your brother nor you have given the right answer. 不管你还是你弟弟都错了。 2 neither of …. 两者均不 eg.Neither of the twins is Chinese .双胞胎都不是中国人。 never ['nevə] adv. 从不;永不; 短语:1.never mind 别介意,没关系 next [nekst] adj. adv. & n. 邻近的;隔壁的 短语:1.next to 挨着 eg. Peter sat next to me .比德挨着我坐。 no [nəu] adv. & adj. 不;没有; 短语:1.no longer 不再. eg.I'm no longer a child.我已不再是一个孩子了。 2.no more than 不多于。 3. no more 不再 4. no sooner 刚……就……; eg.No sooner said than done. 说了就做。 5.no way 不行,没门。 noise [nɔiz] n 噪音;声音;喧闹声. 短语:1.make noise 制造噪音 none [nʌn] pron. 没有; 近义词辨析:none / no one no one 用于指人,不与 of 短语连用; none 用与指人或物,可与 of 短语连用, eg. No one told us about that. 没人告诉我那件事。 /None of them have arrived.他们中谁也没到。 north [nɔ:θ] adj. & n. 北的 ;北方的;北方; 短语:1.in the north 在……北部(内部): eg. Shenyang is in the north of China .沈阳在中国的北方。 2. to the north 在……北方(不相接) eg. Japan is to the north of China.日本在中国的北面。 3.on the north 在……北方(相接) e.g.Jilin Province is on the north of Liaoning Province. northern ['nɔ:ðən]adj. 北部的;北方的 number ['nʌmbə] n. 数;数码; 短语:1. a number of 许多 eg.A number of studnets are ill because of that heavy rain. 许多学生都因为大雨而生病了 . 2. the number of 的数量 eg.The number of the students in my class is 55. 我班学生的数量是 55 人。(注意谓语动词应用单数) 3 wrong number (电话用语) 打错了 O ocean ['əuʃən] n. 海洋; 短语:1.an ocean of (oceans of )大量的 eg. An ocean of visitors will visit our China in 2008. 大量的游人在 2008 年会来中国参观。 of [ɔv, əv]起源;原因 短语:1.of course 当然 off [ɔ:f, ɔf] prep 短语:1.have…off …休息 eg. Nowadays people have two days off every week . 如今人们每周都休息两天。 offer ['ɔfə, 'ɔ:fə] v. & v.提供;供销售 短语:1 offer tea 上茶 2 offer sb sth =offer sth to sb 提供某人某物 eg.The man will offer us the money . eg.The man will offer money to us .那个男人会提供我们资金。 on [ɔn, ɔ:n, ən,] prep.在上面;在……期间; 短语:1. on time 准时 2.on foot 步行 3.later on 之后不久 4.on show 展出 (on display) 5.on the other hand 另一方面; eg. On the other hand, it is not important to us at all. 另一方面,对我们来说根本不重要。 6.on a hot day 在炎热的一天 7.on the right 在右边 8.on the school trip 学校郊游 9.on weekends 在周末 10.on vacation 在假期 11.on my exchange program 在我做交换生期间 12.on stage 在舞台上 13.on school nights 学校郊游 one [wʌn] num. & pron.一个的; 短语:1.one …the other 一个 另一个 e.g.I have two rulers, one is long, the other is short. 我有两个格尺,一个是长的,另一个是短的。 open ['əupən] adj. & v. 开着的;敞开的 短语:1.open up 打开 eg.:computers help us to open up our eyes to the outside world . 电脑帮助打开了我们对外面世界的眼界。 opinion [ə'pinjən] n.; 短语:1. in one's opinion 以某人的意见 eg. In my opinion, she should stay at home . 依我看,她应该待在家里。 order ['ɔ:də] v.要求;订购;(n. 顺序); 短语:1.in order to 为了……; eg.:She got up early in order to catch the bus.为了能赶上车她起得很早。 other ['ʌðə] pron. & adj. 另一个,不同的;其他的 短语:1 each other 相互 2 the other day 前几天 某日 out [aut] adv 外面的 短语:1.out of style 过时的 over ['əuvə] prep & adv. 全部地;折过来 短语:1.over an open fire 在火上 2.over the world 全世界 3.over 200 years 200 多年了 own [əun] adj. v. 属于自己的; 短语:1.of one's own 属于自己的; eg.She has a house of her own.她拥有自己的房子。 owner ['əunə] n. 所有者; P pair [pεə] n. 一对;一副 短语:1.a pair of 一副 part [pɑ:t] n.部分;局部; 短语:1. take part in …参加……; eg. Shall we take part in the meeting ? 我们可以参加会议吗? 2. take the part of 支持; eg. Most of the women took the part of Martin Brown. 绝大多数妇女支持马丁布朗。 3. part-time adj. 业余的。 pass [pɑ:s, pæs] v.前行;通过;经过 短语 1. pass the message to sb 传递某人信息 2.pass on 传递 3.pass sb sth =pass sth to sb 传递某人某物 pay [pei] (paid [peid], paid) v.付钱;偿还; 短语:1. pay for 付给, 支付; 2. pay a visit (to) 访问; eg. When can they pay a visit to the headmaster?他们什么时候能访问校长? 3. pay attention to 注意: eg. Why didn't you pay attention to the question mark?你为什么不注意问号呢? permission [pə'miʃən] n. 短语:1 without permission 没经过允许 2 ask sb's permission 请求某人允许 pick [pik] v. 精选;采摘;挑选; 短语:1.pick up 拾起。 eg. There is a pen on the floor. Let me pick it up.地上有支笔,我来捡。 pity ['piti] n.同情;遗憾; 短语:1. feel pity for 同情。 eg. I felt pity for the poor man. 我同情可怜的男人。 2. What a pity ! 真遗憾 eg. It's a pity that you can't come to our party. 真遗憾你不能来参加我们的聚会。 place [pleis] n. & v. 地点;场所; 短语;1. take place 发生。 eg. The football match took place last night. 足球比赛在昨晚进行。 2. take the place of 取代……。 eg. Who can take the place of him when he is out? 他不在时谁能代替他? 3. places of interest 名胜,警区。 eg. We have visited many places of interest inChina. 我们已游览过许多中国的名胜。 plan [plæn] n. & v. 方法;方案 短语:1.make a plan 做计划 2.plan to do sth 计划做某事 play [plei] v.玩;娱乐;戏弄 短语:1.play football 踢足球 2.play the piano 弹钢琴 3.play with 玩 4.play sports 做运动 5.play the CDs too loud 播放 CD 太大声 plenty ['plenti] adj. 短语:1.plenty of 大量的 point [pɔint] v.指点;指出;(n. 点;); 短语:1. point to 指向,(较远之物)。 eg. He pointed to the woman under the tree and said,"She is our new teacher." 他指着树下那个女的说:"他是我们的新老师。 2. point at 指向(较近之物) eg."Beijing is here." he pointed at the map and said . "北京在这儿"他指着地图说。 3. point out 指出: eg. The teacher pointed out his mistakes. 老师指出了他的错误。 practice ['præktis] n. 习惯行动;练习; 短语:1.put into practice 实施,实行。 2.practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 practise ['præktis] v.经常做;练习;实践; 短语:1.practice doing sth 练习做某事 eg. I often practice speaking english at home .我经常在家练习说英语。 prefer [pri'fə:] v 短语:1. perfer …to .. 比… 更喜欢 eg. I prefer red to blue.比起兰色,我更喜欢红色。 2.perfer doing to doing 比做某事 更喜欢做某事 eg. I prefer to playing football to playing v olleyball,比起打排球我更喜欢题足球。 prepare [pri'pεə] v.准备;预备 短语:1.prepare for… 为…而准备 eg. The parents are preparing for the coming new year.父母们正在为新年做准备。 price [prais] n.价格;价钱 短语:1.at any price 不论价格高底。 eg. I want to buy the book at any price. 不管多少钱,我也要买那本书。 problem ['prɔbləm] n.问题;难题 短语:1.no problem 没问题 promise ['prɔmis] n. & v. 承诺;保证 短语:1.keep a promise 遵守诺言: eg. He never keeps his promise. Don't believe him. 2.break a promise 不守诺言,违背诺言: eg. You shouldn't break your promise.We all think you are a good boy. 你不该违背诺言。我们都信为你是个好孩子。 proper ['prɔpə] adj.精确的;正确的 短语:1.at proper time 在适当的时间 proud [praud] adj. 自豪的;荣幸的 短语:1.be proud of 为… …而骄傲(自豪),常用于 eg. We're proud of our motherland.我们为祖国而自豪。 2.be proud about … …而骄傲(自豪),常用于贬义: eg. We're nothing to be proud about. 我们没有什么值得骄傲的。 provide [prəu'vaid] v.供应;提供 短语:1.provide sb with sth 提供某人某物 2.provide sth for sb 提供某人某物 public ['pʌblik] adj. & n.公共的 短语:1.in public 在公共场合 2.the public 大众 purpose ['pə:pəs] n.目的;意图 短语: 短语:1.on purpose 故意的 put [put] (put, put) v.放置;实施 短语:1.put away 收起来,放好: eg. You'd better put away your things. 你最好把东西放置好。 2.put on 穿上,戴: eg. He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外套,出去了。 3.put into 把… …译成… …: eg. Can you put the story into Chinese.你能把社个故事译成中文吗? 4.put off 推迟,拖延: eg. We'll have to put off the meting till Friday. 我们不得不把会议推迟到周五。 5.put up 张贴,挂起: eg. Put up the map on the wall,please.请把地图贴在墙上。 Q question ['kwestʃən] n.问题;疑问 短语:1.beside the question 离题,在问题之 2.out of the question 没问题,毫无疑问 3.out of the question 不可能的,办不到的。 4.put a question to sb.向某人担问题 5.without question 毫无疑问 R rabbit ['ræbit] n. 野兔;猪兔 race [reis] n.比赛;赛跑; 人种,种族 短语:1.relay race 接力赛 2.a race against time 和时间赛跑 v. 参加速度竞赛 3/ ~against /with sb radio ['reidiəu] n.收音机;无线电广播 短语:1.on the radio /by radio 通过无线电 railway ['reilwei] n. 铁路;铁道 rain [rein] v.下雨;降雨 短语:1.rain out 因雨而中断: e.g.The game was rained out.比赛因雨暂停举行。 2.as right as rain 非常健康 3.比较 rain heavily/heavy rain n. e.g. Don't go out in the rain.不要冒雨出去 Come in out of the rain. 快进去别让雨淋着 。 Adj rainy ['reini] 下雨的,多雨的 相关词汇: raincoat 雨衣 rainbow 彩虹 rainfall 降雨量 rainless 无雨天 raise [reiz] v.暗 举起;使升高 短语:1.raise one's eyes 举目观看 2.raise one's voice against sb/sth 坚决的发言而反对某人或某事物。 rapid ['ræpid] adj.快的;迅速的;急促的 rat [ræt] n.老鼠;叛徒 短语:1.look like a drown rat 湿的像落汤鸡 2.the rat race 激烈的竞争 rather ['rɑ:ðə, 'ræðə] adv. 宁可;最好 短语:1.would/had rather…than 宁愿… …而不愿: e.g.He would/had rather stay at home than go out.他宁愿呆在家也不愿出门 2.rather…than 与其… …倒不如,不是… …而是: e.g. He'd rather drink boiled water than coffee. 他宁愿喝开水也不愿喝咖啡。 e.g. He is an artist rather than a philosopher. 与其说他是个哲学家不如说他是个艺术家注意: 注意:would rather…than 词组中,后面接动词原形,但当 would rather 后跟从 句, 从句谓语要用虚拟语气,即用过去时表示现在或将来要做的事: e.g.I would rather that we stopped now.我宁可现在停下来。 reach [ri:tʃ] v.伸出;延伸 ;到达 相当于 短语:1.get to / arrive in/arrive at 2.reach one's hand 出手 3.reach sb. Sth. 给某人某物 4.with easy reach of 在容易达到… …的地方:在… …的附近 read [ri:d] (read, read) v.读;阅读; 短语:1. read sth. (to sb.) 读,朗读; e.g. He was reading silently to himself. 他正在默读。 2. read about / of sb. / sth. 借助阅读发现某人(某事)的情况。 e.g. I read about / of her in today's paper.我在今天的报纸上读到关于她的消息。 3. read …aloud 朗读 e.g. The teacher asked the strdents to read the text aloud after class. 教师叫学生们在课后朗读课文 ready ['redi] adj. (-ier -iest) 有准备的;乐意的 look ready to do sth 即将做某事 短语:1.be ready to do sth 决心/乐于做什么 2.be ready for sth 为。。。而准备好。 real ['riəl, ri:l] adj.现实的;真实的。非模仿的,真的。 adv 非常;的确 e.g. I'm real sorry. 我非常抱歉 词型转换:realism 现实主义 realist 现实主义者 realistic 现实主义的 reality 真实性 realise ['riəlaiz, 'ri:əlaiz] (realize) (不用于被动语态) n.& v 意识;认知;意识到;认识 到. 近义词辨析:realize / understand 这两个词是近义词,在一起比较一般和含义是"意识到","弄明白",常常 可以互换使用。 e.g. You don't understand / realize what a difficult position I'm in. 你不会明白我的处境多么困难。 realize 也可以表示"实现": e.g. The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现 国家现代化。 understand 也可以表示"听懂,理解" e.g. The English understnd them. 英国人说话都能互相听懂,可是他们讲话我却听不懂。 really ['riəli, 'ri:li] adv. 事实上;实际上 reason ['ri:zən] v. & n.动机;原因;理由 短语:1. reason for sth/doing sth 2.reason to do sth 有某事的原因 思考 理解 推理 e.g.He reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be there by noon. 3.reason sth out receive [ri'si:v] v.接收;收到;接受; 短语:1.receive sth from sb 2.receive a letter from sb = hear from sb adj 公认为正确而普遍接受的 3.received opinion n. receiver 接受者, 电话听筒 recently ['ri:səntli] adv.新近的;近代的 adj. recent 短语:1.a recent talk recite [ri'sait] v. 背诵;描述 record [ri'kɔ:d, 'rekɔ:d] v.记录;记载 短语:1.record sth from sth/ on eg .record music from radio record music on tape n. 2. record of sth 3.on record 记载下来的 4.keep/ hold the record 保持记录 5. break the record 打破记录 recorder [ri'kɔ:də] n. 记录仪;兼职法官 red [red] adj.红的;红色的 refuse [ri'fju:z, ri:'fju:z,] v.拒绝;回绝 (反) accept n.废物。垃圾 n refusal 拒绝 the refusal 优先取舍权 regard [ri'ɡɑ:d, ri: 'ɡɑ:d] v.注意;考虑; 短语:1. regard sb. /sth as. 将某人(某事)视为。e.g. e.g.We regard your action as a crime.我们认为你的这种行为是犯罪。 regret [ri'ɡret] n. & v.遗憾;抱歉;后悔 短语:1.give/sent one's regrets adj regretful 痛惜的 悔恨的 regretable 另人痛惜的 另人遗憾的 relation [ri'leiʃən] n. 关系;关联 短语:1.~ between sth and sth adj relaxed [ri'lækst] 有关的,相关联的 2.~ to sb/sth relax [ri'læks] v. 松懈;缓和 词型转换:relaxing 另人放松的 relaxed 放松的 be relaxed about rules remain [ri'mein] v.遗留;留下;( 通常不用于进行时态) 短语:1.remain + adj 持续某种状态 remember [ri'membə] v.牢记;记得 短语:1.remember doing sth 记得做过某事 2.remember to do sth 记得要做某事 repair [ri'pεə] n. & v. 修补;修理 = mend / fix up repeat [ri'pi:t] v&n. 重说;重做;重复 短语:1.repeat sth to sb 向某人转述某件事 adj. 词型转换:repeated 反复做的 可复述的 repeatable 可重复的 可复述的 reply [ri'plai] v.回答;答复 短语:1.reply to sb/ sth 2.give a reply to report [ri'pɔ:t] n.报告;记录 短语:1.report on sb/sth to sb/ sth 词型转换:n. reporter [ri'pɔ:tə] require [ri'kwaiə] v.需要;规定 (不用于进行时态) e.g. All cars requires servicing reqularly 词型转换:n. requirement 短语:1.make some requirements research [ri'sə:tʃ, 'ri:sə:tʃ] n.研究;探讨 短语:1.research into /on sth 2.research on sb rest [rest] n. & v. a。休息;睡眠 短语:1.have / take a (good)rest 2.rest from sth 3.come to rest 停止,不再移动 b.其余 剩余的部分 4.the rest of 其谓语动词随所接名词的变化而变化 restaurant ['restərɔŋ, 'restrɔnt, 'restrənt] n.餐馆;饭店 result [ri'zʌlt] n.后果;结果 短语:1.as a result of 作为。。。的结果 retell [,ri:'tel] v. 再讲;重述 return [ri'tə:n] v.回;返回; 短语: 1. return sth. to sb. 带回或送回某物。 2. return a favor 回报 3. return to 返回 4. Many happy returns! 祝你长寿! 5. return blow for blow 以牙还牙 6. return thanks 答谢 review [ri'vju:] v. & n.复习;温习 rice [rais] n.米;稻 rich [ritʃ] adj. 富的;有钱的 be rich in 富含 盛产 the rich 有钱人 富人 ride [raid] (rode [rəud] , ridden ['ridən]) v&n. 骑车;骑;乘 短语:1.give sb a ride 让某人搭便车 2.take sb for a ride 欺骗或诈骗某人 3.go for a ride 兜风 riddle ['ridl] n..谜语; 短语:1. the answer to a riddle 谜底 e.g.Who knows the answer to the riddle? 谁知道谜底? 2. read a riddle 猜谜 right [rait] n. & adj. 公正的;正确的: 短语:1. all right 同意,赞同 2. do the right thing 做得好 3. right away 立刻,马上 4. right here 就在这里 5.right now 就在现在 6. by rights 按理;照理 7. in the right 有里 ring [riŋ] (rang [ræŋ] , rung [rʌŋ]) v. & n. 响;打电话;戒指 短语:1.ring (up) sb 2.give sb a ring rise [raiz, rais] (rose [rəuz], risen ['rizən]) v.升起;长出; e.g.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. risk [risk] n.危险;风险 短语:1.at the risk of doing sth 冒可能做某事的危险 river ['rivə] n 河;江 road [rəud] n.路;行车道 短语:1.by road robot ['rəubɔt, -bət, 'rɔbət] n.机器人;自动机 rock [rɔk] n.岩石;矿石 v 摆动,摇动 role [rəul] n. 角色;任务 短语:1.play an important role in sth room [ru:m, rum] n.地盘;空间 e.g. This table takes up too much room. There are many rooms in this restaurant. rope [rəup] n.粗绳; 短语:1. the rope 绞刑 ; 2. give sb. enough rope 任某人为所欲为终将自作自受。 3. a rope of … 一串……。 4. tie sth. with (a) rope 用绳子捆东西。 rose n.玫瑰;蔷薇花 round [raund] adv., prep & adj. 环形的;弧形的 row [rəu] v.划 rubber ['rʌbə] n.橡胶;橡皮 rubbish ['rʌbiʃ] n.废料;垃圾; rule [ru:l] n.规则;章程 短语:1.break the rules ruler ['ru:lə] n. 统治者;尺子 run [rʌn] (ran [ræn], run) v.跑;逃避 经营 短语:1.run after sb 追赶某人 2.run away from sb 突然离开某人或某处 3.run into sb 偶然遇见某人 4.run out of sth/run sth out 用完,耗尽 rush [rʌʃ] v.冲;奔腾 短语:1.rush into 冲进去 2.rush out of 冲出来 3.run into doing sth 仓促行事 n.大量急需, 急购 Russia ['rʌʃə] n.俄国 Russian ['rʌʃən] n.俄国人;俄语 S sad [sæd] adj.可悲的;可耻的; 短语:1. sadder but wiser 从错误和失败中吸取教训。 2. sad to say 不幸的是 3. a sad face 忧愁的面容 4. sad news 令人伤心的消息 5. feel sad 悲伤 sadly ['sædli] adj. 可悲的;可耻的 safe [seif] adj. 平安的;无危险的 adv. Safely v. 节省 存起来 挽救 短语:1. save one's life 挽救某人的生命 safety ['seifti] n.安全;平安; 短语:1. safety first 安全第一 2. there's safety in numbers 人多势众 3. safety match 安全火柴 4. a place of safety 安全地点 5. safety island 安全岛 sail [seil] n. & v.帆;船帆 短语:1.sail across 横渡 salad ['sæləd] n.色拉 短语:1.fruit salad 水果沙拉 sale [seil] n.出售;卖 短语:1.have sales/ be on sale 打特价 salt [sɔ:lt] n. 氯化钠;食盐 same [seim] n. & adj. 相同的;无差别的; 短语:1.be the same as 和。。。一样 2.look the same 看起来很像 sand [sænd] n.沙;沙滩 sandwich ['sænwidʒ] n.三明治 satisfy ['sætisfai] v 符合;满足 短语:1.satisfy sb with sth 词型转换:adj satisfying ['sætisfaiiŋ]令人满意的 satisfied ['sætisfaid] 满足的,满意的 . Saturday ['sætədi]n.星期天 sausage ['sɔsidʒ, 'sɔ:sidʒ] n 香肠;腊肠. save [seiv] v.救助;保全; 短语:1. save one's face 保全面子 2. save the situation 挽回局势 3. save one's breath 保持沉默 4. save time 节约时间 5. save on 节约,节省 6. save oneself 偷懒 7. save sb. from 从……救出某人 say [sei] (said [sed], said) v.说;表达; 短语:1. say sth. / sb. 表达 2. go without saying 显而易见 3. I dare say 的确,当然 4. say to oneself 自言自语 scalf. n. pl.scalfs /scalves school [sku:l] n. 学校;校舍 schoolbag ['sku:lbæɡ] n. 书包 science ['saiəns] n. 科学;学问 短语:1.science subject 理科 scientist ['saiəntist] n. 科学家; score [skɔ:] n. . 1。记分 得分 短语:1. a score-keeper score -sheet 记分员,记分单 2. a score of people 二十 v 3. score against sb 获胜 screen [skri:n] n.帐;挡板 sea [si:] n 海洋;海水. 短语:1. in the sea 在海里 2. on the sea 在海滨 3. the seven seas 七大洋 4. by sea 乘船 5. a sea of flames 一片火海 search [sə:tʃ] n. & v.搜查;探求 短语:1.search sb/ sth for sb/sth 搜查某人,细查某处以寻找某人 2.search through sth for sth 搜索 season ['si:zən] n. 季节;活跃期 短语:1. in season 在旺季。 &, nbsp; 2. , out of season 不在旺季 3. the dry / rainy season 旱季 seat [si:t] n. 座位;臀部 短语:1.take one's seat second ['sekənd] num. adj. & 第二的;秒 n. secret ['si:krit] n.秘密;奥秘; 短语:1. in secret 偷偷的;暗暗的; 2. in the secret 知道秘密 3. keep a / the secret 保守秘密 secretary ['sekrətəri] n.秘书;干事 see [si:] (saw [sɔ:], seen [si:n]) v. 看见;领会 短语:1.see sb do sth 看见某人做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 3.see for oneself 亲眼看,亲自去看 seem [si:m] v.似乎;显出 短语:1.seem like 看起来像 2.It seems that 看起来 3.Sb /sth seem to do sth/ 4.Sb/ sth seem to be +adj /n seldom ['seldəm] adv. 很少;不常; e.g.She seldom reads newspapers. 她很少读报纸。 sell [sel] (sold [səuld], sold) v. 卖;出售 短语:1.sell sth to sb 2.sell out 售光 send [send] (sent [sent], sent) v.发送;邮寄 短语:1.send away 开除 2.send for 请某人 3.send out 用无线电发送信号,发出,派遣 4.send ..to ... 把...发送到. 5.send up 发出射出... sense [sens] n.感官;感觉 sentence ['sentəns] &nbs, p; n. 句子;法庭载决 短语:1.sentence ...... to death 判处死刑 separate ['sepəreit, 'sepərit] v. & adj. 分离;单独的; 短语:1.separate....... from 分开 e.g. two separate problems 两个互不干涉的问题。 The two twons are separated by a river. 这两个城镇被这条河隔开了。 September [sep'tembə] n.九月 serious ['siəriəs, 'si:riəs] adj.重要的;可怕的 短语:1.be serious about 对....很严肃 2.take sb/ sth seriously 认真对待某人或某物 servant ['sə:vənt] n.仆人;助手 serve [sə:v] v.服务;当仆人 短语:1.servesb as sth 为。。。工作 2.serve sb with sth 将。。。摆上桌 3.serve sth out 把。。。分给大家 service ['sə:vis] n.服务;效劳 短语:1.be of serve to sb 有用,有帮助 set [set] (set, set) v.& n.放;置 短语:1.a set of 一套 2.set up 建立( establish) 3.set off 引发,激起 4.set out 出发,动身 5.set down 放下 settle ['setl] v.定居 短语:1.settle down 定居,平静下来 seven ['sevən] num.七;七个 several ['sevərəl] pron. & adj.几个;数个 shake [ʃeik] (shook [ʃuk], shaken ['ʃeikən]) v.摇动;震惊 短语:1.shake hands with sb 握手 2.shake sb by the hand shall [ʃæl, ʃəl] (should) aux & v. 表示强调的意思,用于将来时 shame [ʃeim] n.羞愧;蒙羞 短语:1.a shame 可耻的人或事物 e.g. It's a shame to take money from those who can't afford it 拿别人的钱使人家无以自立是十分可耻的。 v.使某人感到羞耻 短语:1.shame sb into /out of doing sth 使某人感到惭愧而不做某事 shape [ʃeip] n.& v.形状;外貌 短语:1.shape sth into sth 做成某物的形状 share [ʃεə] v.共享;分配; 短语:1. have a share in 分担 2. share and share alike 事事均分 3. share sth. with sb. 与人分享某物,在某方面有共同之处。 she [ʃi:] pron.她;妇女 sheep [ʃip] (pl sheep) n.羊;蠢人 shelf [ʃelf](pl. shelves)n.架板;搁板 短语:1.on a nearby shelf shine [ʃain] v.发光;照射 adj 发亮的 shiny (shinier / shiniest) ship [ʃip] n.轮船;飞机(美) 短语:1.by ship = by sea shirt [ʃə:t] n 衬衣; 短语:1. keep one's shirt on 不生气。 e.g.Keep your shirt on! Nobody want to hurt you. 别发火,没人想伤害你。 2. lose one's shirt 失去一切,丢得精光。 shoe [ʃu:] n.鞋;马掌 shop [ʃɔp] n.商店;购物 短语:1.go shopping 2.do some /the shopping 3.shopping center 购物中心,商业街 4.shopping mall 商业网点 short [ʃɔ:t] adj.矮的;低的 短语:1.be short of 短缺 2.be short for 缩写,简称 shorts [ʃɔ:ts]n. 短裤 should [ʃud, ʃəd] modal v.表示条件式,将要 shoulder ['ʃəuldə] n.肩膀;肩胛 短语:1.shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 shout [ʃaut] n. & v. 呼喊;大声说 短语:1.shout out 喊出来 2.shout at / to sb 冲某人喊叫 show [ʃəu] (showed, shown ['ʃəun]) v.显示;表明; 短语:1. on show 在展览中 2. a show of strength 展示力量 3. have nothing to show for it 无成就可言 4. show around 带领某人参观。 5. Good show! 好极了。 shower ['ʃauə] n.阵雨;阵雪 短语:1.be caught in a shower 遇到阵雨 n.淋浴 ,淋浴室 短语:1.be in the shower 正在淋浴 2.get out of the shower 淋完浴 3.take / have a shower 淋浴 shut [ʃʌt] (shut, shut) v.关上;合上 短语:1.shut up 闭嘴 2.shut sb /sth out of sth 将某人或某物关在门外 3.shut / close the door shy [ʃai] adj.害羞的;胆小的 sick [sik] adj. 有病的;吐的 短语:1.sick of sb /sth / doing sth 厌倦某人或做某事 2.the sick 病人 side [said] n.面;表面 sight [sait] n 视力;观点 短语:1.keep sight of sb /sth /keep sth /sb in sight 看住某人某物,监视 silence ['sailəns] n. 无声;静寂; e.g."Just a minute" she snapped, silencing him with a look of hatred. "等一等"她厉声地说,用带着仇恨的眼神使他安静下来。 silent ['sailənt] adj.无言的;沉默的 短语:1.keep silent 保持沉默 silk [silk] n.丝;丝绸 adj silky silly ['sili] adj.愚蠢的;不合理的 silver ['silvə] n.银;白银 similar ['similə] 相像的;类似的 短语:1.be similar to sb/ sth 和。。。很相似 相似点:similarity simple ['simpl] adj.简单的;容易的 simply ['simpli] adv.简单地;容易地 since [sins] prep. conj.& adv.从…来;自从…以后; prep . eg: I haven't eaten since breakfast. Conj: eg: Where have you been since I last saw you . Adv: eg: He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him since. 他两星期前离开的家,到现在我们一直没有他的饿消息。 sing [siŋ] (sang [sæŋ], sung [sʌŋ] ) v.唱;歌唱 短语:1.sing sth for/ to sb /sth 为某人而唱歌 n. 歌手 single ['siŋɡl] adj.唯一的;单一的 sir [sə:, sə] n. 先生;长官 sister ['sistə] n.姐姐;妹妹 sit [sit] (sat [sæt], sat) v. .就座;使坐下 短语:1.sit down 坐下 2.sit out 坐在户外 3.sit up for 晚睡 situation [,sitju'eiʃən, ,sɪtʃu'eʃən] n.位置;环境 短语:1.get into /out of a situation six [siks] num.六;六个 sixty ['siksti] num.六十;六十个 size [saiz] n.大小;尺寸; 短语:1. size up 估计,估量,判断; e.g.We sized each other up at our first meeting. 我们初次见面时互相打量了一番。 2. for size 试尺寸,看是否合适,按不同尺码。 3. of a size 大小一样的;尺码相同的。 skate [skeit] v 滑冰;溜冰 短语:1.go skating 去滑冰 skill [skil] n.技能;技艺 短语:1.reading skills 阅读技巧 2.writing skills 写作技巧 skirt [skə:t] n.女裙;围裙 sky [skai] n. 天;天空 sleep [sli:p] n. 睡眠;睡觉; 短语:1.go to sleep 上床睡觉 2.fall/ be asleep 熟睡 sleepy ['sli:pi] adj. 睡着的;熟睡的 slide [slaid] n.滑落;滑动 slow [sləu] adj. & adv. 慢的;迟缓的; 短语:1. show up / down 松弛下来; e.g.Solw down a bit, or you'll make youself ill. 别那么卖力,不然你要累出病来。 2. slow but sure 虽然漫但最后一定胜利。 small [smɔ:l] adv.贫穷的;幼小的; smell [smel] n. & v. 嗅觉;气味; 近义词辨析:smell / scent 这两个词都有"气味"的意思。 smell 是常用词,指"任何气味",特别强调"在觉器官所产生的效果。"e.g.What a nice smell! 多好闻的味呀! scent [sent] 指"气味",尤指"香味", e.g.The scent of a hunted animal. 被捕野兽发出的气味。 smile [smail] n. & v. 微笑;露出 短语:1.smile at sb/ sth 微笑。 2.smile on sb / sth 表示赞成或鼓励之意 smoke [sməuk] v.抽;冒烟 短语:1.cigarette smoke 烟味 词型变化:smokeless 无烟的 smoker 吸烟的人 smoking 吸烟,抽烟 smooth [smu:ð] adj.平滑的;平整的(-er,est) 短语:1.in smooth water(s) 进展顺利 2.as smooth as silk 十分柔软,光滑 snake [sneik] n.蛇;叛徒 snow [snəu] v.下雪; 短语:1. deep snow 厚雪 2. heavy snow 大雪; e.g.There was a heavy snow last night.昨晚下了一场大雪。 3. snow hair 雪白的头发。 snowy ['snəui] adj. 多雪的;下雪的 so [səu] adv. & conj.因此;所以; 短语:1. if so 要是那样的话 2. so far 到这里为止。 e.g. So far for today. 今天就到此为止。 3. so as to 以便……。 4. so then 原来如此,那么 5. so that 以便。 e.g.I was so surprised that I couldn't speak.我惊奇地说不出话来。 6. so…that 如此……以致 7. so what 那又怎么样呢。 e.g. He's fifteen years younger than me, so what if he is? 他比我小 15 岁,即使如此,又有什么? 8. so long as 只要 soap [səup] n. 肥皂 短语:1.soap opera 电视剧 social ['səuʃəl] adj.社会的;社交的 短语:1.social situations 社会现实 society [sə'saiəti] n.社会;上流社会; 短语:1. go into society 进入交际界,常赴宴会。 2. live in society 出入交际界 sock [sɔk] n.短袜;鞋垫 sofa ['səufə] n.沙发 soft [sɔft, sɔ:ft] adj.软的;可延展的; 短语:1.quiet and soft music 轻柔的音乐 2.feel soft 摸起来柔软 soldier ['səuldʒə] n.军人;士兵 solid ['sɔlid] adj. & n.固体的;实心的 短语:1.solid food 固体食物 2.a solid sphere 实心的球体 eg.Cheese is a solid, milk is a liquid.干酪是固体,奶是液体 solve [sɔlv, sɔ:lv] v.解答;解释 eg: Help me to solve my mathematical problems.请帮助我解决这些数学问题。 n.解释,答案 短语:1.solution to sth 解决问题的方法 some [sʌm, səm] adj. & pron.若干;一些; 短语:1.after some time 不久以后 2. some days ago 几天前 3.some other day 改天 4.someday (将来)某一天,他日。 somebody ['sʌm,bɔdi, 'sʌm,bʌdi, 'sʌm,bədi] pron 某人;有人 someone ['sʌm,wʌn, 'sʌm,wən] pron. 某人;有人 something ['sʌmθiŋ] pron.某物;某事 sometimes ['sʌmtaimz] adv.有时;不时 eg: He sometimes writes to me .他偶尔给我写写信。 somewhere ['sʌmhwεə] adv.在某处;到某处 son [sʌn] n. 儿子;子孙 song [sɔŋ, sɔ:ŋ] n.歌;歌词 soon [su:n] adv. 立刻;马上 短语:1.sooner or later 迟早迟晚 2.as soon as 一...........就, 不迟于 3.no sooner than 一.......就 eg: He had no sooner arrived than he was asked to leave again. 他刚到就被支走了。 sorry ['sɔ:ri, 'sɔri] adj.难过的;报歉的; 短语:1.sorry for oneself 灰心失望 e.g.Don't be sorry for yourself. 别灰心失望。 2. feel sorry for sb. 同情某人 e.g. I feel sorry for anyone who has to drive in this sort of weather. 我很同情在这种情况下还得开车的人。 sort [sɔ:t] v. & n 种类;品级. 短语:1.sort of 有几分,有点 eg :I feel sort of sick 我觉的有点恶心。 eg: He's the sort of person I really dislike. 他这种人我真不喜欢。 sound [saund] v. & n.,adj 声音;响声 短语:1.sound like 听起来像 2.have sound teeth 牙齿结实 3.have a sound mind 心智健全 4.be /fall sound a sleep 安然入睡 soup [su:p] n.汤 短语:1.in the soup 处于困境,出麻烦 sour ['sauə] adj.酸的;乖戾的 eg: The milk's turned sour. 牛奶变酸了。 south [sauθ, sauð] n. & adj.南;南方的 短语:1.The south 国家的南方,南部地区 2.on the south coast 在南海岸 southern ['sʌðən] adj.南方的;在南方的 space [speis] n.空间;空地 e.g. Is there a space for the car in the firm's car park ? 公司的停车场有没有这辆车的位置。 spare [spεə] adj.空闲的;多余的; 短语:1. spare cash 余款。 e.g. China spared more than two billion yuan for the fight against SARA. 为抗非典,中国拨出了二十多亿人民币。 2. spare sth. / sb. (for sb./sth.) (为某人或某事)匀出人力或(时间、金钱、物质)等。 3. spare no pains doing / to do sth. 不遗余力地干某事。 e.g. Everyone spared no pains preparing (to prepare) for the English evening. 为筹备这次英语晚会,同学们都不遗余力地工作。 speak [spi:k] (spoke[spəuk] , spoken ['spəukən]) v.说话;发言 短语:1.speak to /with sb (about /of sb/sth) e.g. 1.Can we speak about plans for the holiday. 我们谈谈假期的打算好吗? 2.He speaks several languages 他会说好几种语言。 3.She spoke for forty minutes at the meeting . 他在会上讲了四十分钟。 special ['speʃəl] adj.特别的;异常的 e.g.1.What are your special interests? 你有什么特别的爱好。 2. Take special care of it. 对这东西要特别细心。 speech [spi:tʃ] n.说话;演说 短语:1.by speech eg: We can express our thoughts by speech. 我们能以说话的方式表达我们的意思。 2. speech on / about sth 关于.....讲话,演说 3.Make /deliver/give a speech 发言 speed [spi:d] n.& v.速度;变速器 短语:1. speed up 加速 2. at speed 高速,快地 eg: It's dangerous to go round corners at speed 高速转弯是危险的。 3. at a speed of . 以 .... 速度 spell [spel] v. 拼写;带来 短语:1.spelling mistakes 拼写错误 spend [spend] (spent [spent], spent) v 花费;使用. . 短语:1.spend .......on sth 用钱 ,花钱 2.spend ........(in )doing sth 花时间/钱做什么 3.spend time with sb 与某人一起度过时光 spirit ['spirit] n.精神;灵魂 e.g. His spirit is troubled.他内心苦恼。 短语:1.in spirit 在内心,在精神上 eg: I shall be with you in spirit.我的心和你在一起。 spoon [spu:n] n. 匙;调羹 短语:1.spoon out 舀出 2. spoon up one's soup 用勺舀汤 sport [spɔ:t] n. 运动;运动会 短语:1.sports meeting 运动会 2.make sport of sb 嘲笑某人开某人的玩笑 spread [spred] (spread, spread) v.伸开;摊开 短语:1.spread sth out (on/over sth) 在...上展开,铺开 2.spread sth with sth 将某物铺于某物上 spring [spriŋ] n.跳跃;发源 e.g. With an easy spring the cat reached the branch.那猫轻轻一跃就够到了树枝。 square [skwεə] n.正方形;广场 短语:1.Tian'an Men Square stairs [stεəz] n.梯级;楼梯 e.g: She always runs up/ down the stairs.她总是跑着上下楼。 stamp [stæmp] n. 重踏;跳扁 短语:1.collect stamps 集邮 eg: He stamped his foot in anger.他气的直跺脚。 stand [stænd] n. 站立;坐落 短语:1.stand up 2.stand for 代表 3.stand out 突出,显眼 standard ['stændəd] n. & adj.标准;常规 e.g. People were very poor then, by today's standards 以今天的标准,那时候的人是很穷的。 短语:1.standard English 规范的英语 star [stɑ:] n. 星;恒星 start [stɑ:t] v 开始;发生 短语:1.to start with 第一,首先 2. start out (to do sth)动身 起程 3. be off to a great start 步入一个良好的开始 4. start on sth /start sb on sth 开始进行某事 state [steit] n 情况;状态 e.g. These buildings are in a bad state of repair. 这些建筑物急需修葺。 station ['steiʃən] n 火车站;车站    短语:1.railway station 火车站 2.subway station 地铁站 3.police station 警察局 stay [stei] n. & v. 维持;不变动; 短语:1. be here to stay 成为风尚 2. stay for 留在某人家(吃饭)。 e.g.Won't you stay for supper?你吃过饭再走好吗? 3. stay in 不出门 4. stay up 迟睡,熬夜。 e.g.He stayed up till twelve o'clock last night. 昨天晚上他熬夜到十二点钟。 5. stay at 暂住在,投宿在 steal [sti:l] (stole [stəul], stolen ['stəulən]) v.偷窃;窃取    短语:1.steal .sth from sb/sth steel [sti:l] n.钢铁;坚强 step [step] n. & v.脚步;舞步 短语:1.step by step 逐步地 2. take steps to do sth 采取步骤以达到某目的 3.keep step with 与某人保持步伐一致        4step forward 站出来 stick [stik] (stuck [stʌk], stuck) v. & n 枝条;柴枝. 短语:1.stick sth in/into /though sth 刺穿或刺入某物 2.stick to 坚持 3. stick at sth 坚持做某事,坚持不懈 still [stil] adj& adv.静止地;不动地    e.g. Please stand still while I take your photograph.. 当我给你照相时你别动。  stomach ['stʌmək] n.胃;肚子 stomachache ['stʌməkeik]n. 胃痛;肚子痛    短语:1.have a stomachache 胃疼 stone [stəun] n.石料;石子        e.g. Kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟 stop [stɔp] n. & v. 停止;阻止; store [stɔ:] n. & v. 储存;储备     短语:1.store of sth 累积而成的巨大数目 eg :a library with a store of books 藏有大量书籍的图书馆        2.in store(for sb/ sth) 储存着,备有 storm [stɔ:m] n. 风暴;风潮 story ['stɔ:ri] n. 故事;趣闻; 短语:1. as the story goes 据说,据传 2. be all in a (one, the same) story 众口一词。 strange [streindʒ] adj.奇特的;古怪的 短语:1.strange to sb 对某物感到陌生 stranger ['streidʒə] n.外地人;新来者 strawberry ['strɔ:bəri] n.草莓 stream [stri:m] n.川;河;水流    短语:1.stream of sth/ sb eg: a stream of blood 一股血 street [stri:t] n 街道; 街区     短语:1.in the street 在街上        2. street lighting 路灯  strike [straik] n.(struck [strʌk] /struck)打;击;冲  eg: He struck the table a heavy blow with his fist. 他用拳头猛击了一下桌子。           a miners' strike 矿业工人罢工    strong [strɔŋ, strɔ:ŋ] adj.坚牢的;强固的 短语:1.a strong wind 大风 2. be strong on sth 擅长某事物 student ['stju:dənt, 'stu:-] n. 学生;实习护士 study ['stʌdi] v.学习;攻读学业  stupid ['stju:pid, 'stu:pid] adj 不聪明的;愚笨的. subject ['sʌbdʒikt, -dʒe-, səb'dʒekt] n. 讨论;描述 succeed [sək'si:d] v.成功;紧随    短语:1.succeed in doing /sth 谚语:Nothing succeeds like success 一事成,事事成 success [sək'ses] n.成功;好成果; 短语:1. drink success to 祝……成功干杯。 2. have success (with) (在某事上)获得成功 3. make a success of 把……做得很成功。 successful [sək'sesful] adj.兴旺的 such [sʌtʃ, sətʃ] adv. & pron. & adj 这种的;同样的. 短语:1. such as 例如 2. such … as to 类似的。 e.g.I am not such a fool as to believe that.我不时连那种事都相信的笨蛋。 3. such… that 如此……. e.g. He was such an honest boy that every body liked him. 他是如此诚实的一个孩子,以致人人都喜欢他。 4. as such 确切而言,严格说来。 5. and such 等等,……之类。 sudden ['sʌdən] adj. 突然的;意外的    短语:1. all of a sudden 突然,出乎意料的 suddenly ['sʌdnli] adv.突然地;意外地 suffer ['sʌfə] v.受痛苦;受苦难      短语:1.suffer.... from/ with/ for 感到不适,吃苦头 sugar ['ʃuɡə] n. 食糖;蔗糖 suggest [sə'dʒest] v.建议;提议 短语:1.suggest sb for sth 供考虑,提议 2. suggest sth to sb 使某人想到某事物。                   suggestion [səɡ'dʒestʃən] n.建议;提议 summer ['sʌmə] n.夏季;壮年 sun [sʌn] n.阳光;太阳       短语:1.in the sun 在太阳下        2.With the sun 在日出或日落时 Sunday ['sʌndi] num.星期日 sunny ['sʌni] adj.睛朗的;阳光充足 supermarket ['sju:pə,mɑ:kit] n.超市 supper ['sʌpə] n 夜餐;晚餐    短语:1.have beef for supper 晚饭吃牛肉 2.have a late supper 很晚吃饭 supply [sə'plai] v. & n.供应;供给  短语:1.supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth 供给某人所需的某物 suppose [sə'pəuz] v.假定;认为; 近义词辨析:suppose / think suppose 指"猜想",认定,含有不确切之意,它近似于 think,但是比 think 少根据。 sure [ʃuə, ʃɔ:] adj. & adv. 确倍的 短语:1..be sure to do sth 一定要做.... 2..be sure about/of sth be sure that 对..... 很确信        3.for sure 无疑         e.g. I think he lives there but I couldn't say for sure. 我想他是住在那里的,但我不敢确定。        4.Make sure of sth/that 把某事物弄清楚 surface ['sə:fis] n.表面;外面部分   短语:1.on the surface 在表面上,在外表上 surprise [sə'praiz] n. & v 惊奇;诧异; 短语:1.to one's surprise 使人吃惊的是……。 e.g.To one's surprise , he is our teacher's hushand. 让我吃惊的是,他竟然是我们老师的丈夫。 sweater ['swetə] n.毛衣;针织套衫 sweep [swi:p] (swept [swept] , swept) v.清扫;清除    短语:1.sweep sth (from ,off , into ,away ,up)扫,掸,打扫       2.Sweep ...out 打扫干净 sweet [swi:t] n. & adj. 甜的;芳香的    短语:1.have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食 2.keep sb sweet 讨好某人 swim [swim] (swam [swæm] , swum[swʌm] ) v.游水;游泳    短语:1.go for a swim 2.go swimming 游泳 swimming ['swimiŋ] n.游泳 swing [swiŋ] n.晃动;摆动  e.g. The golfer took a swing at the ball. 打高尔夫的人挥棒击了一下球 symbol ['simbəl] n.象征;标志    短语:1.symbol of courage 勇气的象征,标志        2.Symbol for sth 符号,标志  e.g.AU is the chemical symbol for gold. AU 是金的化学元素符号。    T table ['teibl] n. 桌子;台子; 短语:1.at table 进餐(时) e.g.They are at table. 他们在进餐。 2. at the table 在桌边 e.g.Father is reading newspaper when he sits at the table.爸爸坐在作旁看报纸。 3. table tennis 乒乓球 4. a table lamp 台球 table tennis n. 乒乓球运动 tail [teil] n.尾巴;尾状物 take [teik] (took[tuk] , taken ['teikn, 'teikən]) v.拿;取; 短语:1. take a look 看一看 e.g.Can I take a look at you new watch? 我能看一看你的新手表吗? 2. take away 拿去,减去 e.g.Don't take it away. 不庶把它拿走。 3. take back 取回; e.g.I must take back what I had said.我已经收回了我所说的话。 4. take care of 留心,照顾。 e.g.Please bake care of my young brother. 照顾好我的小弟弟。 5. take down 记下,拿下,取下。 e.g. Listen carefully and takedown these words.认真听,记下这些词。 6. bake a bus 乘公共汽车 7. take a walk 散步, e.g. We usually take a walk along the beach in the evening. 我们经常晚上沿着沙滩散步。 8. take sth. out of 从……里面拿走。 e.g.He took the glass out of the box slowly.他将玻璃杯慢慢地从盒子里拿走。 9. take part in 参加 10. take place 发生。 e.g.What did take place yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事啦? 11. take up 从事工作 e.g. They take up writing. 他们从事写作工作。 12. take it easy 别着急。 e.g.Take it easy I'll help you. 别着急,我来帮你。 13. take care 当心 14. take sth. seriously; 认真对待某事。 e.g.We must bake our mistakes seriously. 我们应该认真对待我们的错误。 15. take an interest in 对……感兴趣。 e.g.I take an interest in music. 我对音乐感兴趣。 16. take medicine 服药 tale [teil] n.叙述;故事 短语:1.tales of adventure 冒险故事 talk [tɔ:k] v.谈话;讲话 短语:1.talk to/with sb (about/ of)sth 2.talk back to sb 顶嘴 3.Talk sb into /out of doing sth 说服某人做(不做)某事 tall [tɔ:l] adj.高的 ;高大的 短语:1. a tall order 困难的任务,无理的要求 2. a tall story 荒诞不经的故事 tape [teip] n. 带子;线带 task [tɑ:sk, tæsk] n.工作;任务 短语:1. holiday tasks 假期作业 2. task sb with sth 将某事作为任务交与某人 taste [teist] n. & v.味道;滋味 短语:1.taste good /nice/ delicious 尝起来好吃 2.taste of sth 有某种味道 taxi ['tæksi] n. 出租汽车 短语:1.by taxi 2.take a taxi 打车 tea [ti:] n.茶;茶叶 短语:1.make tea 沏茶 teach [ti:tʃ] (taught [tɔ:t], taught) v.教;传授 短语:1.teach sth to sb /sth 传授,教授 2.teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事 teacher ['ti:tʃə] n.教员;老师 team [ti:m] n.队;组;团 短语:1.team up with sb 与某人一起工作,合作 technology [tek'nɔlədʒi] n.技术;工艺 telephone ['telifəun] n.电话;手机; 短语:1. public telephone 公共电话 2. telephone number 电话号码 3. on the telephone 接上电话 e.g.They're just moved and they're not on the telephone yet. 他们刚回家。 4. radio telephone 无线电话 5. mobile telephone 移动电话,手机。 television ['teli,viʒən] (TV) n 电视 短语:1.on (the )television 电视播放的 tell [tel] (told[təuld] , told) v.讲;讲述 短语:1.tell sth to sb/tellsb about sth 告诉,讲诉某事 2.tell A from B 辨别,识别 3.tell the truth 说实话 4.tell sb to do sth 吩咐某人做某事 temperature ['tempəritʃə] n.温度;气温 短语:1.get/have/run a temperature 体温过高 2. take sb's temperature 量某人的温度,试体温 ten [ten] num.十;十个 tennis ['tenis] n.网球运动 短语:1.tennis count 网球场 tent [tent] n.帐蓬;氧幕 term [tə:m] n.措辞;期限 短语:1.in the long/short term 长/短期 terrible ['terəbl] adj.极度的;非常严重的 test [test] v. & n. 检查;化验 短语:1.have/take a test 考试 2.pass /fail the test 考试通过(失败) text [tekst] n. 正文;文本 than [ðæn, ðən] conj 比 短语:1.better than 更胜于 2.prefer to do .... rather than do 喜欢做什么更胜于做什么 thank [θæŋk] v. & n. 感谢;感激 短语:1.thanks /thank you for sth/doing sth 2. thanks to 多亏,由于 that [ðæt, ðət] adj. & pron.那;那个; 短语:1. for all that 尽管如此 2. in that 由于,因为,既然。 3. at that time 那时, 当时 4. like that 那样的;类似的;一概如此 the [ðə]art.表示独一无二的事物;这;那 theatre ['θiətə, 'θi:ətə] n.戏院;剧院 their [ðεə, ðər] pron.他们的;她们的 them [ðem, ðəm] pron.他们;她们 themselves [ðəm'selvz, ðem'selvz ] pron.他们自已 then [ðen] adv 那时;当时 there [ðεə, ðə] int. & n. & adv. 那里;在那里 短语:1.here and there 处处,到处 2.over there 在那边 these [ði:z] pron. 这些 they [ðei, ðe] pron.他们;她们 thick [θik] adj. 厚的;粗的 短语:1.Thick with sb 亲密的 2. Thick and fast 又快又多 thin [θin] adj. 薄的;细的 thing [θiŋ] n. 物;事物 think [θiŋk] (thought[θɔ:t] , thought) v.认为;以为; 短语:1. think of 想象,想起。 e.g.I though of a good plan. 我想了一个好主意。 2.thind about 考虑。 e.g.I am thinking about my future. 我正在考虑我的将来。 3. think highly of 对……评价高。 4.think over 仔细考虑 5.think through 想透 6.think up 想出 7.think twice 再三考虑。 third [θə:d] num.第三 注意:分数用法 1. one third 三分之一 2. two thirds 三分之二 thirsty ['θə:sti] adj.渴的;口干的 短语:1.be thirsty for sth 渴望某物,干旱 eg: The team is thirsty for success.该队渴望获成功。 fields thisty for rain 干旱缺雨的田地。 n.& v thirst [θə:st] 短语:1.thirst for sth 渴望某事物 eg: Working in the sun soon gave us a thirst. thirteen ['θə:'ti:n] num.十三;十三个 thirty ['θə:ti] num.三十;三十个 this [ðis, ðəs] adj. & pron. 这;这个 those [ðəuz] adj. & pron. 那些 though [ðəu] conj.虽然;尽管; 短语:1. as though 好像;若: e.g.You look as though you were ill.你看起来好象病了。 2. even though 即使;纵然。 e.g.Even though it should rain, you must go. 即使下雨,你也一定要去。 thought [θɔ:t] n.思想;思考 短语:1.thought for sb/sth 考虑,关注 eg: Spare a thought for those less fortunate than you.关心一下比你困苦的人。 2.Thought of doing sth 意向,意图 eg: I had no thought of hurting your feelings. 我无意伤你的感情。 thousand ['θauzənd] num.千;一千 短语:1.thousands of students 成千上万的学生 e.g.two thousand students 两千学生 thread [θred] n.线;纱 短语:1.a needle and thread 针线 2.thread of sth 细如针线的东西 three [θri:] num.三;三个 through [θru:] prep. & ad 穿过;在…之间 throw [θrəu] (threw[θru:] , thrown[θrəun, 'θrəun] ) v. 投;掷; 短语:1. throw away 抛弃,浪费; 2. throw down 摔倒,推翻 3.throw oneself into 专心于; e.g.Themselves into their work. 他们专心致志地工作起来。 4.throw up 抛起,举起,辞去: e.g.You've thrown up a very promising career. 你放弃了一个很有前途的职业。 5.throw off 匆匆脱掉: e.g.She threw off her coat.她随手脱掉大衣。 Thursday num.星期四 ticket ['tikit] n.票;券 短语:1.a ticket to /for 去.....的票 tidy ['taidi] adj.整洁的;整齐的 ( ier/iest) adv: tidily n. tidiness tie [tai] v. & n. 系;捆 短语:1.tie up 包扎,束紧: e.g.We tied (the boat)up along the side of the quay. 我们把船泊在码头处。 2.tie sb./oneself down 束缚,牵制 3.tie into 猛烈进攻 tiger ['taiɡə] n.老虎;勇士 till [til] conj. & prep 直到;直到…才 time [taim] n.时间 短语:1.all the time 一直 2.at the same time 同时 3. behind time 迟到 4.for a long time 许久 5. from time to time 时常 6. have a good time 过得很愉快 7. in time 及时 8.on time 准时 9.once upon a time 从前 10.for the first time 初次 tiny ['taini] adj.极小的;微小的 tired ['taiəd] adj.累的;困倦的 短语:1.be tired of sb/ sth/ doing sth 对某人/某事不耐烦或感到厌倦 2. tired out 筋疲力尽 v. tire ['taiə] 3.tire fo doing sth adj: tireless 不易疲倦 tiresome 另人讨厌的,烦人的 to [tu:, tu, tə] prep. 到;向 today [tə'dei] adv. & n.在今天;在今日 together [tə'ɡeðə] adv. 一齐;在一块儿 短语:1.together with 和,连同 2.come together toilet ['tɔilit] n 厕所,.梳装打扮 tomato [tə'mɑ:təu, tə'meitəu] n.番茄;西红柿 (pl) tomatoes tomorrow [tə'mɔrəu, tə'mɔ:rəu] adv.在明天;在明日 短语:1.the day after tomorrow 后天 ton [tʌn, tuŋ] n. 长吨;短吨 短语:1.tons of sth 大量,很多 tongue [tʌŋ] n.舌;舌头 短语:1.native/ mother tongue/ language 母语 2.tongue-in-cheek 有反话意味的。开玩笑的 3.tongue-lashing 严厉的指责 4.tongue-tied 张口结舌的 5.tongue twister 绕口令 adj tongued 有某种说话方式的 短语:1.sharp-tongued 言语尖刻的 tonight [tə'nait] adv.在今夜;在今晚 too [tu:] adv.太;过于 短语:1.too...... to 太。。。而不能 2.too many/much 太多 tool [tu:l] n.工具;用具 tooth [tu:θ] (pl. teeth [ti:θ] ) n 牙;牙齿. 短语:1. have (a/the)toothache 牙痛 toothache:['tu:θeik]牙痛 toothbrush ['tu:θbrʌʃ] n.牙刷 toothpaste ['tu:θpeist] n.牙膏 top [tɔp] n.顶端;顶部 短语:1. top of sth 最高的或最重要的级别或地位 2. at the top of the tree 居于行业的最高地位 3. at the top of one's voice 以最大的嗓音 4. from top to toe 从头到脚 5. on top of sth/sb 在某人/物的上方 total ['təutəl] adj. n. & v.完全的;总体的 短语:1.in total 总共 touch [tʌtʃ] v.接触;触及 短语:1.touch off 触发: e.g.Some slight incident may touch off a major war. 有些小事可触发大事。 2.be in touch with 接触,取得联络: e.g.I am always in touch with her.我与好她一直保持联络。 tour [tuə] n.旅游;观光 短语:1.tour in sth 在某地旅行 2. be on a tour to sw 去某地观光旅游 adj: touristy tourist ['tuərist] n.旅游者;渡假者 toward(s) [tə'wɔ:d, tu-, 'tɔ:əd, 'təuəd, twɔ:d] prep 朝向;朝着 eg: The child came running towards me. 那孩子向我跑来。 towel ['tauəl] n. 毛巾;纸巾 短语:1.a hand/bath towel 手/浴巾 2.towel oneself/sb(down) with sth 用毛巾擦干自己 tower ['tauə] n.塔台;塔楼 短语:1.the church's bell tower 教堂的钟楼 adj. towering 极高的,高大的 town [taun] n.城镇;市镇 短语:1.town center 镇上的主要商业区 2.town hall 镇公所,市政厅 toy [tɔi] n.玩具;小东西 trade [treid] n.& v 交易;贸易 短语:1. trade (in sth )with sb/sth 做生意,做买卖 2.trade in sth 行业,生意 eg: be in the book trade[treid] 3. trade at sth eg: which store do you trade at? 你常在哪个商店买东西。 4.trade sth for sth 用一物交换另一物 n. trader 买卖人,商人 trading 经商,做买卖 traditional [trə'diʃənəl] adj.传统的;习俗的 n. tradition 传统 eg: By tradition, people play practical jokes on 1 April. 按传统风俗,在四月一号可以开恶作剧玩笑。 traffic ['træfik] n.交通;贸易 短语:1.heavy /light traffic 往来车辆多/不多。 train [trein] n. & v.训练;教育 短语:1.train sb as sth/in sth eg: She trained for a year as a secretary. 她受过一年做护士的培训。 He was trained as an engineer /in engineering.他受过当工程师的培训 training ['treiniŋ] n.训练;培养 词型变换:trainer 接受训练的人 trainee 训练人或动物的人 translate [træns'leit] v.翻译;解释 短语:1.translate sth from sth into sth n translation translator travel ['trævəl] v.旅行;游历 e.g. We traveled all over the country.我们遍游全国各地。 traveller ['trævəl] n.旅行者;旅游者 treasure ['treʒə, 'treiʒə] n.珍宝;宝藏 (C)buried treasure 埋藏的财宝 (U) art treasures 艺术珍品 v. 短语:1.treasure sth(up)珍藏某事物 treat [tri:t] v.对待;视为 短语:1.treat…as… 把某事物视作,视某事物为 2.treat sb. like a dog 视某人为草芥: e.g.They treat their workers like dirt. 他们把工人看得粪土不如。 近义词辨析:treat…as…与 consider…(as)… , regard…as… treat 表示"在某种认识的基础上看待或对待",重在行动,而不在认识,e.g.They will not be treated as enemies.他们不会被当做敌人对待。 consider 侧重"经过考虑而认为",表示"一种比较客观的看法", e.g.I consider what he said (as) reasonable. 我认为他说的有道理。 reagrad 指"把… …认为"、"把… …看作",表示"以外部形象得出认识或 个人的主观认识", e.g. He was regarded as the foremost authority on chemistry. 他被认为是化学界最高权威。 tree [tri:t] n.树;树木 trip [trip] n. 绊倒;失足 短语:trip over/up 绊倒 trouble ['trʌbl] v. & n.困难;麻烦 短语:1.be in trouble 陷入困难中 &nbs, p; 2.have trouble(in)doing sth 做某方面有困难 &nb, sp; 3. trouble to sb 不便,麻烦某人 4.get sb into trouble/trouble sb for sth(给某人)惹上麻烦 5.look for trouble 自寻麻烦 6.make trouble for sb 制造麻烦, 7. take the trouble to do sth 捣乱不怕麻烦困难尽力做某事 trousers ['trauzəz] n. 长裤;裤子 truck [trʌk] n.卡车;货车 true [tru:] adj. 真实的;如实的 短语:1.come true 实现 2.true to sth 符合某事物 3.out of true 位置不正 4.true-heared 忠实的,忠诚的 trust ['trʌst] v.信任;信赖 短语:1.trust in sb/sth 信任信赖 adj. trustful 表示信任的,无疑心的 trusty 可信任的,可信赖的 truth [tru:θ] n.真实;真实性 短语:1.tell the truth 说实话 try [trai] v.设法;试图 短语:1.try on 试穿(某物): e.g.Try on the clothes before you buy them. 买鞋子要先穿上试试再买。 2.try out 实验,尝试: e.g. Please try out, or you cannot take part in the match. 试试吧,不则你就不能参加此交比赛。 3.try one's best to do sth.竭尽所能做某事: e.g.I had tried my best to work it out,, but I couldn't finish it. 我已经尽力解答了,但还是不能解出来。 T-shirt ['ti:ʃə:t] n. T 恤衫 Tuesday ['tju:zdi] n.星期二 turn [tə:n] n.转动;轮流 短语:1.take one's turn to do/doing sth 轮流做某事 2.It's one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 3.turn on/off 打开/关闭 4.turn up/down 调高/调低 5.turn over 翻转 6.turn back 转身 twelfth [twelfθ] n.第十二 twelve [twelv] num.十二;十二个 twentieth['twentiiθ]第二十 twenty ['twenti] num.二十;二十个 twice [twais] ad 两次;两倍 two [tu:] num 二;两个. U ugly ['ʌɡli] adj. 讨厌的;丑的 (-ier, iest ) : an ugly face 一张难看的脸 短语:1.an ugly duckling 丑小鸭 umbrella [ʌm'brelə] n. 伞;保护伞: 短语:1.put up / take down an umbrella 把伞张开/ 合起 uncle ['ʌŋkl] n. 伯乐;叔父 (对) aunt under ['ʌndə] prep. 在…下面;在…下方 (反)over : e.g. Our boat went under the bridge. 我们的桥通过桥下。 underground ['ʌndəɡraund] adj. & n. 在地面下: 短语:1.take the underground train ( US subway ) 乘地铁: e.g.It's usually quite convenient to take the underground train to most places in Paris. 在巴黎乘地 铁去大部分地方通常是相当方便的。 understand [,ʌndə'stænd] (understood [,ʌndə'stud], understood) v 理解. (不用于进行时) 短语:1..make one self understand 使别人理解自己的意思 unhappy [,ʌn'hæpi] adj. 不幸福的;可怜的 ;不愉快的 (-ier, -iest ) : e.g.Everyone is unhappy in our neighborhood. 在我们社区每个人都不高兴。 --- (adv) unhappily (n) unhappiness unit ['ju:nit] n. 单位;单元: e.g.This lesson is divided into four units. 这一课分为四个单元。 university [,ju:ni'və:səti] n. 1 大学 : e.g. She hopes to go to university next year. 她希望明年能上大学。 2 大学人员 : e.g. Soon , the whole university knew about her win. 不久,全院师生都知道她获胜了。 unless [ən'les] conj .除非;若不: e.g. Unless we deal with our problems, we can easily become unhappy. 如果我们不处理我们的问题,我们可能很容易变得不快活。 until [,ʌn'til] prep & conj 1. 直到…时(动词通常是延续性动词): e.g.Wait until the rain stops. 等到雨停了再说。 2.(用于否定句) 在…以前: e.g.Don't go out until four. 在四点钟以前不要出去。 up [ʌp] adv. 1. 在上方;起身: 短语:1.get up 起床 / stand up 站起来 2 .(位置,条件等)在上方 : e.g.The sun is still up. 太阳仍在上方。 3.(动词短语)完全地;全部:. e.g.Don't let yesterday use up too much of today. 不要让昨天用光太多今天的时光。 短语:1. up and down 上下地,往返地 : e.g.He uses the lift to go up and town. 他用电梯上上下下。 2. up to… 直到 : e.g.I didn't know the fact up to then. 一直到那时,我还不知道事实。 prep. 沿着: e.g.They walked up the road. 他们沿着那条路走去(走来)。 upon [ə'pɔn] prep 在…上 : e.g.There is not a chair to sit upon.没有一把椅子可坐。 短语:1. once upon a time 从前 upstairs ['ʌp'stεəz] adv. 往楼上;在楼上: (反)downstairs : 短语:1.go upstairs 上楼 us [ʌs] pron.我们 (we 的宾格) use [ju:z] v. 使用: e.g.May I use your bike ? 我可以用一下你的自行车吗? 短语:1.use up 用光,用完: e.g.Don't let yesterday use up too much of today. 别让昨天占用太多今天的时间。 2. use… to do sth 用…做某事 e.g.We use keys to lock the door. 我们用钥匙锁门。 n 使用;用途: 短语:1.make use of 使用,利用: e.g.You must make good use of the machine. 你们必须很好地利用机器。 2. put … to use 加以使用: e.g. Huiping loves to read, and she puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care center. 蕙萍喜欢读书,她通过在课后辅导中心工作使这个爱好得到较好的利用。 used [ju:zd] adj. 1. 用过了的,二手的: 短语:1.used cars 旧汽车 2. used to sth doing sth (对某事)已习惯 : e.g.You must get used to getting up early. 你必须习惯于早起。 3.used to do 以前常… : e.g.I used to be afraid of the dark.. 我过去害怕黑暗。 useful ['ju:sful] adj.可用的;有益的:(反)useless ['ju:slis] 短语:1.a useful book 一本有用的书。 usual ['ju:ʒuəl] adj.通常的;平常的: e.g.It is usual for me to sit up late at night. 我通常是晚睡的。 短语:1.as usual 像往常一样: e.g.You are late as usual. 你像平常一样又迟到了。 2. … than usual 比平常…: e.g.He got up earlier than usual. 他比平常早起床。 usually ['ju:ʒuəli] adv. 通常地;平常地: e.g.What do you usually do on Sundays ? 你星期天通常做什么? V vacation [və'keiʃən] n. 假期;节日: e.g.What did you do for summer vacation ? 你暑假做了什么? 短语:1.on vacation 在度假 2. take have a vacation 度假 value ['vælju:] n. 价值;益处: e.g.You do not know the value of health .你不知道健康的重要性。 various ['vεəriəs] adj. 不同的;各种各样的: e.g.Their hobbies are many and various. 他们的业余爱好五花八门。 VCD n. (缩略词) video compact disc 视频高密光盘 vegetable ['vedʒitəbl] n .蔬菜: e.g.I grow vegetables in the garden. 我在庭院里种植蔬菜。 very ['veri] adv . 很;非常 : 短语:1.very small 很小 2.very soon 极早 3.very much 非常(修饰动词) victory ['viktəri] n. 战胜;胜利 (复) -ries : e.g.The school football team has had three victories this month against other schools. 校足球队这个月三次战胜其他学校。 video ['vidiəu] n. 录像;录影 (复)-s : 短语:1.make a music video 制作音乐录象 village ['vilidʒ] n. 乡村;村庄 : 短语:1.a village named Gum Tree 一个叫桉树的村庄 n villager 村人;村民 violin [,vaiə'lin] n. 小提琴 : 短语:1.play the violin 拉小提琴 n violinist 小提琴家 visit ['vizit] v. 参观;游 : e.g. When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben. 当你参观伦敦时,首先看到的东西之一就是`大本钟'。 We visited our friends in town. 我们去看望了城里的朋友。 短语:1. on a visit to 参观/访问: e.g.He was on a visit to the factory at that time.那时他正在参观这家工厂。 visitor n. 参观者;游客: e.g.There were many visitors today. 今天来了许多客人。 voice [vɔis] n .嗓音;说话声: e.g.It's too hard to understand the voices. 很能听懂他们说的话。 短语:1. a high voice 高声 2. a loud voice 大声 3. say in a weak voice. 低声地说 4. lose one's voice. 嗓子哑了 5. at the top of one's voice 高声地 W wait [weit] v .等候;等待: e.g. Wait a minute. 请稍候。 I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 抱歉,让你久等了。 短语:1. wait for… :等候… Who are you waiting for ? 你在等谁呢? 2. wait for sb. to do sth :等某人做某事 wake [weik] (woke [wəuk] waked , woken ['wəukən] waked ) v 1. 醒, 醒来 : e.g. What time do you usually wake ( up ) in the morning ? 你平常早晨几点钟醒? 2. 唤醒或弄醒某人 : e.g.Try not to wake the baby (up) ? 别把孩子吵醒了。 walk [wɔ:k] v. 走;行走: e.g.I walk to school. = I go to school on foot. 我步行到学校去。 n 1. 行走;步行: e.g.It is a long walk to the town. 到城里要走很长的路程。 2. 散步: e.g.Let's go for a short walk. 咱们去散散步吧! 3. 步行距离: e.g.a 20-minute walk from here 从这里走 20 分钟的路程 wall [wɔ:l] n. 墙壁;围墙: e.g.We have painted all the walls white. 我们把所有的墙壁都漆成了白色。 There was a wall around the park. 公园四周有围墙。 want [wɔnt, wɔ:nt] v. 1.(常与 to 连用)要,想要;想得到: e.g. Did You Want to Tell Me something? 你想告诉我什么吗? His wife wanted him to repair their son's bicycle! 他妻子叫他去给他们的儿子修理自行车! They want good jobs. 她们想要好的工作。 2. 需要: e.g.The house wants painting. 房子需要油漆了。 I want sb. to help me. 我需要有人帮助我。 war [wɔ:] n .战争;冲突: e.g.They are at with the country . 他们与那个国家在交战。 短语:1.World War II = the Second World War 第二次世界大战。 warm [wɔ:m] adj. 1.温暖的;暖和的: e.g. a warm day 一个暖和的日子 It is getting warmer day by day. 天气一天比一天暖和起来了。 2. 热烈的;亲切的: e.g.We received a warm welcome. 我们受到热烈的欢迎。 短语:1.warm-hearted 热心的: e.g. You can ask that old man, He is very warm-hearted. 你以问 那位老人,他是位热心人。 adv warmly ['wɔ:mli] 温暖地;热烈地 warn [wɔ:n] v. 警告;提醒 : e.g.I warn you. 我警告你。 He warned me not to go there. = He warned me against going there. 他警告我不要去那里。 I warned him that it was dangerous. 我警告他那是危险的。 wash [wɔʃ, wɔ:ʃ] v. 洗;洗涤: e.g.Wash your hands. 洗洗你的手。 He washed the dishes. 他洗了盘子。 waste [weist] v. 浪费;挥霍: e.g.Hurry up, we are wasting time. 快点吧,我们别再浪费时间了。 n 1. 浪费;滥用: e.g.It's a waste of time doing that. 做那事是浪费时间。 2. 废料;废物: e.g.factory waste 工厂废气物 adj 1.荒芜的: e.g.waste land 荒地 2. 废弃的;不能用的: e.g.waste water 废水 watch [wɔtʃ, wɔ:tʃ] v .注视;看: 短语:1.watch a game 观看一场比赛 2.watch television 看电视 3.watch out 戒备,提醒,小心 4 .watch for sth .盼望或等待某事物 e.g.I watched him come / coming out of the bank. 我看着他从银行出来。 n 手表 短语:1 on watch 值班 water ['wɔ:tə, 'wɔtə] n. 水;雨水: 短语:1.drinking water 饮用水 2.by water 乘船;由海路 v 浇水: 3.water the flower 浇花 watermelon ['wɔ:tə,melən] n. 西瓜: e.g.a slice of watermelon 一块西瓜 way [wei] n. 1. 道;径: 2. 方向: e.g.This way, please. 请这边走。 3. 手段;方法: e.g.Do it (in) this way. 照这样做。 There are many ways to do (of doing) it. 做这件事有许多方法。 4. 方式: e.g.the way he speaks 他说话的方式 短语:1.all the way 一路上 : e.g.He ran all the way to school. 他一路跑到学校。 2. by the way 顺便提起 3. in a way 从某个观点 4. in the (one's) way 防碍 5. on the (one's) way 在途中 6.the way to 去…的路 we [wi:,wi] pron. 我们;咱们 weak [wi:k] adj. 弱的;小的: e.g.too weak to walk far 身体很虚弱不能走远道 短语:1.be weak in 在某方面有欠缺 2. in a weak voice 用虚弱的声音 wealth [welθ] n .财富;充裕: 短语:1.a man of great wealth 大富翁 adj wealthy 富有的 wear ['wεə] (wore [wɔ:], worn [wɔ:n]) v. 1.穿戴: e.g. I always wear brown shoes. 我总是穿棕色的鞋。 She is wearing a new dress today. 她今天穿了新衣服。 2. 蓄留 He wears a beard. 他留胡子。 短语:1.wear out a.穿坏: e.g. He has worn out his shoes. 他的鞋穿坏了。 b. 精疲力竭: He is worn out. 他精疲力竭。 weather ['weðə]n.天气;气象: e.g.What's the weather like today ? 今天天气怎么样? 短语:1.weather forecast 天气预报 Wednesday n.星期三 : 短语:1.on Wednesday 在星期三 week [wi:k] n. 星期;周: 短语:1.this week 本星期 weekday ['wi:kdei] n. 工作日: e.g.What did you do on weekdays ? 你工作日做什么? weekend [,wi:k'end, 'wi:kend] n. 周末: e.g.The office is closed at the weekday. 这个办事处周末不办公。 weigh [wei] v 1. 称…重量: e.g.He weighed himself on the scale. 他在磅秤上量体重。 2. 测出重量: e.g.How much do you weigh ? 你体重多少? weight [weit] n.重力;重量: e.g.What is your weight ? 你体重多少? welcome ['welkəm] adj .欢迎;热情 短语:1.a welcome guest 受欢迎的客人 2.You are welcome.不用谢 v 欢迎 : e.g.Welcome to China ! 欢迎到中国来! well [wel] adv (better [betə] best [best]) 1.好;很好: e.g.He speaks English well. 他英语说得很好。 2. 顺利地;适当地: e.g.I hope everything goes well. 我希望每件事都进展得很顺利。 3. 很: e.g.I know him well. 我非常了解他。 短语:1.1 .as well 同样的,也: e.g.He takes a walk after supper as well. 2 .as well as 和… …同样的好: e.g.He speaks English as well as I.他英语讲得和我一样好。 adj(better best) 健康的 e.g.You look well. 你气色很好。 west [west] n 短语:1. the west 西;西方: e.g.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起,从西方落下。 2. the West 美国西部: e.g.She's lived in the west for ten years now.她在西部已住了十年了。 3. The West 西方国家 adj 西方的: e.g.the west side of London 伦敦的西部 western ['westən] adj. 西方的;在西方的: e.g.the western United States 美国的西部 wet [wet] adj. (wetter / wettest ) 浸泡;湿的: e.g.wet clothes 湿衣服 whale [weil] n.鲸 what [wɔt, wʌt, wət] pron. 1.什么: e.g.What is your name ? 你叫什么名字? 2. 所…的物: e.g.What he said is not true .你所说的话不真实。 短语:1.what…for ? 为何: e.g.What did you go there for ? 你为何去那里? 2. what if… ? 如果…该怎么办?: e.g.What if I don't know anyone ? 如果我不认识任何人怎么办? adj 1. 什么.: e.g.What color is it ? 它是什么颜色? 2. 多么: e.g.What a tall tree! 多么高的树啊! whatever [wɔt'evə, 'wət'evə] conj & pron 不管什么: e.g.Whatever happens, I will go. = No matter what happens, I will go. 不管发生什么,我都要去。 wheat [wi:t] n.小麦: e.g.a tonne of wheat 一吨小麦 wheel [wi:l] n 轮;机轮: e.g.A bicycle has two wheels. 自行车有两个车轮。 when [wen, wən] conj 当…时: e.g.When I was a boy, I was weak. 当我小的时候,身体不好。 adv. 什么时候: e.g.When will he arrive ? 他什么时候会到? whenever [wen'evə, wən'evə] conj. 无论什么时候: e.g.You may come whenever you come 你无论什么时候来都可以.。 where [wεə] adv 1. 在哪里;到哪里: e.g.Where do you live ? 你住哪里? 2. 在…的地方: e.g.I like places where the weather is always warm. 我喜欢天气暖和的地方。 whether ['weðə] conj. 是否: e.g.I asked him whether he would come. 我问他是否要来。 which [witʃ] adj, pron 1. 哪一个;哪一些 : e.g.Which do you want? 你要哪个? Which child knows the answer? 哪个孩子知道答案? 2. …的那个: e.g.the book which I like best 我最喜欢的那本书 while [wail] conj 1. 当…时: e.g.While he was eating, I asked him to lend me $2. 当他正在吃饭时,我请他借给我二英镑。 2. 虽然;但是: e.g.You like tennis, while I'd rather read. 你爱打网球,但我爱看书。 n 一会儿: 短语:1.after a while 过了一会儿 white [wait] adj 白色的;雪白的: n 白色: e.g.She was dressed i9n white. 她穿白衣服。 who [hu:, hu] pron. 谁;什么人: e.g.Who is that man? 那人是谁? pron …的人: e.g.a man who wants to see you 那个要见你的人 whole [həul] adj 1. 整个的: e.g. a whole cake 整个蛋糕 They told me the whole story. 他们给我讲了整个的故事。 2. 全部的: e.g. the whole truth 全部真相 n 1. 整体;全部: e.g.the whole of that area 整个那个地区 2 . 总和;总计: e.g.2 halves make a whole. 两个一半合为一个整数。 whom [hu:m, hum] pron.谁: (who 的宾格,在口语中常用 who 代替) e.g.the man with whom she talked 跟她说话的那个人 whose [hu:z] adj, pron 1.谁的: e.g.Whose is this? 这是谁的? e.g.Whose bicycle is this? 这是谁的自行车? 2. 那人的;那些人的: e.g.the man whose house was burned down 他的房子被烧毁的那个人 why [wai] adv 为什么 : e.g.Why did you do it? 你为什么这样做? conj 为什么;…的理由 : e.g.Do you know why he was late? 你知道他为什么迟到吗? wide [waid] adj 1.宽的: e.g.3 meters wide 3 米宽 2. 广阔的;广泛的: e.g.wide interests 广泛的兴趣 wide knowledge 广博的知识 wife [waif] n. 妻子;妇人 (wives ) will [wil, wel] (would) modal v. 1.将要,将会: e.g.They say that it will rain. 他们说要下雨。 2.要,希望: e.g.Will you come now? 你要现在来吗? Will you have some tea? 你喝点茶,好吗? 3.会,会发生: e.g.These things will happen. 这种事情总会发生的 4.能,可以: e.g.This bus will hold 40 people. 这辆大客车可以坐 40 人。 win [win] (won [wʌn], won ,winning) 1.获胜,赢: e.g.Who won the race ? I won but David came second. 谁在赛跑中获胜了?我获胜了,不过大卫跑第二。 2.夺得,赢得: 短语:1.won a prize. 他得了奖。 wind [wind] n. 风: e.g.A cold wind blew from northwest. 冷风从西北方向吹来。 window ['windəu] n. 窗;窗户: e.g.Please shut the window. 请关上窗户。 windy ['windi] adj. 多风的;大风的: e.g.It is windy today. 今天多风。 wine [wain] n. 葡萄酒;果酒: e.g.Wine is made from grapes .这水果酒是由葡萄制成的。 wing [wiŋ] n. 翅;翼: e.g.The bird spread its wings. 那鸟展开它的翅膀。 winner ['winə] n 得胜者: e.g.Who was the winner ? 谁是胜利者? winter ['wintə] n. 冬天;冬季: e.g.I often ski in (the) winter. 冬天时我经常滑雪。 wise [waiz] adj. 聪明的;有智慧的: e.g.wise advice 明智的建议 wish [wiʃ] v 1. 但愿;要是…多好: e.g.I wish you a very happy future. 祝你一生幸福。 I wish I were a cat. 如果我是只猫多好。 2.(常与 for 连用)想要: e.g.You have everything you could wish for. 你想要的已经全有了。 3. 希望: e.g.When do you wish to leave? n 1.(现在不可能实现的)愿望: e.g.a wish to see the world 想到世界各地看看的愿望 2. 所愿望的事物: e.g.The girl got her wish. 那女孩如愿以偿。 with [wið, wiθ] prep. 1.同, 与, 和, 跟: e.g. talk with a friend 与朋友谈话. 2. [说明表示动作的词, 表示伴随]随着, 和...同时: e.g. change with the temperature 随着温度而变化 3. [表示使用的工具, 手段]用: e.g. cut meat with a knife 用刀割肉 4. [说明名词, 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质]具有; 带有; 加上; 包括...在内: e.g. tea with sugar 加糖的茶水 a country with a long history 历史悠久的国家 5. [表示随身携带]在...身边: e.g.Take an umbrella with you. 随身带把伞去。 6. with smile 面带微笑地 7. [后面加复合宾语, 表示伴随关系]: e.g. sleep with the window open 开着窗睡觉 without [wi'ðaut, wi'θaut] prep. 1.没有带;不: e.g. go out without a coat 没穿大衣出去 2. 没有做: e.g. He went away without taking leave. 他不辞而别。 wolf [wulf] n. 狼: e.g.three wolves 三只狼 woman ['wumən] n 成年女子;妇女: 短语:1.Women's Day 妇女节 wonder ['wʌndə] n 1.惊奇;惊叹: 短语:1..to look at sth. in wonder 惊奇地看着某物 2. 奇观;壮举;奇才: e.g. the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇观 It's a wonder you recognized me. 难得你还认得我。 短语:1.(It's) no wonder 难怪;并不奇怪;当然: e.g.No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. 难怪他不饿,他整天在吃糖果。 v1.(常与 at, that 连用)觉得奇怪;惊奇: e.g.I wonder at his rudeness. 我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。 2. 纳闷;想知道: e.g.I wonder why James is always late for school. 我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。 wonderful ['wʌndəful] adj. 1.非凡的;奇异的: e.g. wonderful news 极好的消息 wood [wud] n. 1.木;木头: e.g.The chair is made of wood. 这个椅子是由木头做的。 短语:1.chop wood 劈柴 2.树林(常用复数): e.g.He went for a walk in the woods. 他到树林里去散步。 wooden ['wudən] adj.木制的;木头似的: e.g.The room is full of wooden furniture. 那个房间挤满了木制家具。 word [wə:d] n. 1.词;单词 ;话,言语: e.g.Tell me in your own words. 用你自己的话告诉我。 2.简短的话,几句话: e.g.'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily. '我一句也听不见了!'我愤怒地说。 3. 消息: e.g.No word has come from the battle front. 前线还没有消息传来。 4. 承诺: e.g.The boy kept his word. 那孩子信守诺言。 work [wə:k] v. 1.工作: e.g.They work from morning till night. 他们从早到晚工作。. 2 服务于: e.g.He works for a publishing company. 他在出版社服务。 3. 动作;生效: e.g.My watch doesn't work.我的表坏了。 The shampoo worked really. 那个洗发水真的很好用。 短语:1.work out 解答,计算出: e.g.Though we thought it over, we still couldn't work it out. 虽然我们仔细想了,但还是做不出答案。 2.work hard at 努力学习…: e.g.As a student, we must work hard at all the subjects . 做为一名学生,我们必须努力学习每门功课 n 1.工作: e.g.Few people like hard work. 很少人喜欢粗重的工作。 2. 职业: e.g.He found work an the bank. 他在银行找到工作。 3. 作品: e.g.the works of Shakerspeare 莎士比亚的作品 短语:1..at work 在工作: e.g.At this time of day,my parents are both at work. 每天的这个进候,我的你父母都在上班。 2. out of work 失业: e.g.Lots of people are out of work in the USA today.如今在美国有很多人失业。 worker ['wə:kə] n. 工人;工作者: e.g.a factory worker 工厂工人 world [wə:ld] n. 1.世界: e.g.This car is used all over the world. 这种小汽车全世界都使用。 2. 人;全世界的人: e.g.The whole world knows about it. 全世界都知道这件事。 3. …界;…社会 短语:1.the scientific world 科学界 worry ['wʌri, 'wə:ri] v .担心;忧虎: e.g.Don't worry if you can't finish it. 你做不完也不必担心。 短语:1.worry about :担心;烦恼: e.g.Don't worry about that thing. 别为那事发愁。 adj worried 发愁的: e.g.be worried about one's job 为某人的工作担心。 worth [wə:θ] adj 1.值…钱. : e.g.Our house is worth about 60 000 pounds. 我们的房子约值 60 000 英镑。 2. 值得(做某事): e.g.The book is worth reading.= It is worth reading the book. 这本书值得一读。 would [wud, wəd] modal v. 1.(用于虚拟语气) : e.g. What would you do if you had o lot of money ? 如果你有很多钱,你会做什么? 2.(用于礼貌的请教): e.g.Would you (please) tell me the way ? 可否请教你告诉我怎么走? 3. (will 的过去式) : e.g.He said that he would go. 他说他要过去。 短语:1.would like 想要 wound [waund] n. 伤;创伤: e.g.The wound was healing slowly. 伤口慢慢愈合了。 v 伤;创伤: e.g.The guard was wounded in the leg. 护卫员腿部受了伤。 write [rait] (wrote [rəut] , written ['ritən]) v. 写;书写: e.g.He sometimes writes for newspapers. 他偶尔替报社写文章。 e.g.I'll write you a letter. = I'll write a letter to you. = I'll write to you. 我会写信给你的。 短语:1. write down 记下;写下 2. write to… 写信给… writing ['raitiŋ] n.笔迹;书法: e.g.I can never read your writing. 我怎么也看不懂你的笔迹。 wrong [rɔŋ, rɔ:ŋ] adj .错的;不合适的: e.g.He took the wrong train. 他搭错了火车。 e.g. Something is wrong with my bike. 我的自行车坏了? What's wrong with you ? 你怎么了? X X-ray ['eks'rei] n. X 光;X 射线 Y yard [jɑ:d] n.码 year [jə:, jiə] n. 年 短语:1. last year 去年 2. this year 今年 3. next year 明年 4. the year after next 后年 5. the year before last 前年 6. year after year 逐年;一年又一年地;年年, 每年 7. all the year round 整年,全年 e.g. It's cold and dry all the year round. 8. for years 很长时间 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. We've been friends for years. 9. over the years 进年来, 这几年来 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. He's made some great movies over the years. 10. in recent years 进年来 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. We've made great progress in recent years. 11 in the last few years 在过去的几年里 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 12. a fifteen-year-old boy 一个十五岁的男孩 也可说 a fifteen years old boy 13. fifteen- year-olds 十五岁的孩子们 e.g. I don't think fifteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 词性转换:yearly adj.每年的 e.g.They did quite well in the yearly exam. adv.每年 e.g. yellow ['jeləu] adj.黄的;蛋黄色的 yes [yes] adv.是;是的 用法: 1. [表示肯定答复或同意]是, 是的: e.g. Do you speak English? Yes, I do. (No, I don't.)你会说英语吗? 是, 我会。(不, 我不会。) 2. [如果对方问话采用否定方式, yes 仍表示肯定答复, 但汉译承上启下, 因而相反] 不: 注意:不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就用 yes 回答;事实是否定的,就用 no 回答。 e.g. Isn't it raining? Yes, it is (No, it isn't.) 天没下雨吗? 不, 天下雨了。(是的, 没有下。) Haven't you met her? Yes, I have. 你没遇见她吗? 不, 我已遇见了。 3.Yes? 怎么了? 什么事?= What's up? yesterday ['jestədi, 'jestədei] n. & adv. 在昨天;在昨日 短语:1. the day before yesterday 前天 2. yesterday morning 昨天早晨 yet [jet] adv. 到这时;还 短语:1. not yet 尚未, 还没有 用法:1. yet 表达"已经,还"这一意思时,须与现在完成时态的否定句或疑问句的句尾, 而不是简单的过去时: e.g. He hasn't started yet (√) He didn't start yet? 2. yet 用于比较级前,表示程度。 e.g. He has yet more important things to do. 他还有更重要的事要做 辨析:already, yet already 用于肯定句,表示“已经”。 yet 用于否定句作“还”解,用于疑问句作“已经”解。 e.g. I have already finished the work. 我已经完成作业了。 --Has the school begun yet? 学校已经开学了么? --No, it has not begun yet. 不,还没开学。 you [ju:, ju, jə] pron. 你;你们 短语:1.between you and me 咱俩私下说; 不向外人讲 注意:几个人称代词作主语时,其顺序一般是: 单数:you, he and I; 复数:we, you and they young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的;幼小的 短语:1. Young Pioneer 少先队员 词性转换:youth n. 年轻人 e.g. the youth of the country 这个国家的青少年 your [jɔ:, jəu, jə] pron.你的;你们的 yourself [jɔ:'self, juə'self, jə'self] pron.你亲自;你本人 用法:1. 和某些动词连用构成固定搭配,有时不一定要把'自己'翻译出来。 e.g. Help yourself to some fish, please.请随意吃点鱼。 The children are enjoying themselves in the party. 孩子们在聚会里过得很开心。 2. 中做同位语,表示自己亲自的意思。 e.g. The Chinese ourselves are proud of our nation. 我们中国人自己为我们的国家而骄傲。 复数 yourselves pron. 你们亲自 Z zebra ['zi:brə] n.斑马 zero ['ziərəu, 'zi:rəu] n. & num 零;零数 zoo [zu:] n. 动物园 注意: 复数加 's' 而不是 'es' e.g. There are four zoos in this province.