中考英语动词词组汇总 36页

中考英语动词词组汇总 ‎01. account for ‎ ‎[1]说明（原因等）；‎ EG: His illness account for his absence from school. 他因病未能去上学。‎ That accounts for it. 原来如此。‎ ‎ [2]（将保管的款项）记账； [3]对……负责( answer for )。‎ ‎02. add up to ‎ ‎ [1]合计，总计(amount to ,count up to )；‎ ‎ EG: These figures add up to 117.‎ ‎ [2]结果。‎ ‎03. allow for ‎ ‎ [1]考虑到(take into consideration)； [2]原谅，体谅。‎ ‎ EG: You should allow for his youth. 你应当体谅他还年轻。‎ ‎04. arrive at ‎ ‎ **在表示“到达”的具体含义时，arrive at/in =get to =reach ;在表示“达成”等抽象含义时，只用arrive at或 reach。.‎ ‎05. ask after 探望，问候 ‎ EG: She asked after your health. 她问候你。‎ ‎06. ask for ‎ ‎ [1]（向人）请求见面； [2]央求。EG: ask for help.‎ ‎07. avail (oneself) of 利用（机会等）‎ ‎ EG: You must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak foreign languages.‎ ‎08. back up ‎ ‎ [1]支持，援助； [2]倒退，后退；‎ ‎ [3]使（交通等）停滞；（车子）倒车； [4]支撑（身体等）。‎ ‎09. bear/keep in mind 记住 ‎ EG: We have no vacations now, but we’ll certainly bear your application in mind. ‎ ‎010. break away (from) 脱离，逃跑 EG: He considered breaking away from the clan. 他考虑同那伙人分道扬镳。‎ ‎ **break away (from) & get away from 都是vi.‎ ‎ 前者—---Escape with a sudden violent effort.‎ ‎ 后者—---Escape from the scene of a crime or from being caught.‎ ‎011. break down 损坏，分解，瓦解另有：‎ ‎[1]（元气等）受挫，筋疲力尽，（健康）衰弱；‎ ‎ [2]（感情）失控，（因伤心过度而）哭泣；‎ ‎ [3]分析，分类。‎ ‎012. break in ‎ ‎ [1]强行进入，闯入； [2](on) 打断，插嘴；‎ ‎ [3]驯服（动物等）。‎ ‎013. break into ‎ ‎ [1]闯入； [2]突然打断（话）。‎ ‎014. break off ‎ [1]断绝，结束； [2]中断；‎ ‎ [3]绝交，突然停止（工作等），突然脱离。‎ ‎015. break out ‎ [1]爆发，突然发生（战争、火灾、事故等）； [2]脱逃。‎ ‎016. break through ‎ [1]突破（障碍等）； [2]（太阳）从云中出现。‎ ‎017. break up ‎ ‎ [1]中止，结束； [2]打碎，拆散；‎ ‎ [3]（身体）变虚弱，衰弱； [4]崩溃，损坏。‎ ‎018. bring about 带来，造成 (=give rise to, lead to, result to )‎ ‎019. bring down ‎ [1]打倒，挫伤； EG: The wind brought down a number of trees.‎ ‎ [2]降低； EG: Good Harvest will bring down the price.‎ ‎ [3]卸下（行李、货物）； [4]使蒙受（责罚等）〈on〉；‎ ‎ [5]继续，持续（记录）〈to〉；‎ ‎020. bring forth ‎ [1]产生； EG：Trees bring forth fruit.‎ ‎ [2]提出。 EG：bring forth a question.‎ ‎021. bring forward ‎ ‎ [1]提出； EG: Can you bring forward any proof of what you said ?‎ ‎[2]（簿记）过次，转入下页；‎ ‎[3]（日期等）提早，提前。‎ ‎022. bring out ‎ ‎ [1]使出现，使明显；‎ EG: This essay fully brings out his ability. 这篇论文充分显示出他的才能。‎ ‎[2]公布，出版。 bring out a new book ‎ ‎[3]把某人（尤其指女孩）引进社交界；‎ ‎[4]发挥（才能等）。‎ ‎023. bring to ‎ ‎[1]使恢复知觉； EG: A glass of water brought him to.‎ ‎[2]停船，使停船。‎ ‎024. bring up教育，培养，使成长 ‎[1]提出（证据、计划等）； [2]突然停（车等），使（船）停泊；‎ ‎[3]引起注意； [4]吐出（食物）；‎ ‎[5]继续进一步（说明等）。 ‎ ‎025. bring/put …into practice 实施，实行 ‎026. build up ‎ ‎[1]树立，逐步建立； [2]增进，锻炼；‎ ‎[3]积累，堵塞； [4]赞扬。‎ ‎027. burn out ‎ ‎[1]燃尽（物品）烧光； [2]（房屋等）失火，烧尽。‎ ‎028. burn up ‎ [1]烧尽，烧完；‎ EG: He burned up all the books after the failure in the entrance examination.‎ ‎[2]烧起来，旺起来； [3]（美国俗语）大发雷霆。 ‎ ‎029. call for ‎ ‎ [1]要求，需要； EG: The job calls for patience.‎ ‎[2]邀请，去取（接）； EG: I’ll call for you at your house. 我将到你家去找你。‎ ‎[3]求援。‎ ‎030. call forth ‎ [1]引起，唤起；‎ EG: The proposals called forth a good deal of hostile criticism. ‎ 这些建议引起许多敌意的批评。‎ ‎ [2]振作起，鼓起。 call forth all one’s energies 全力以赴 ‎031. call off 取消，放弃(cancel)‎ EG: He phoned me and called the appointment off.‎ ‎032. call on/upon ‎ ‎ [1]拜访（某人）； [2]要求做…（to do）；‎ call on him for a speech = call on him to make a speech ‎[3]请求。‎ ‎033. call up ‎ ‎ [1]召集，动员；应征入伍；‎ ‎ [2]使人想起 call up scenes of childhood ring up；‎ ‎ [3]打电话=ring up； [4]起床。 ‎ ‎034. can’t /couldn’t help 禁不住，不得不 I can’t help laughing (+动名词) / but ‎ laugh (but+动词原形)‎ ‎035. care for ‎ ‎ [1]照料，照顾；‎ ‎ [2]（主要用于疑问句和否定句中）喜好，希望；‎ ‎ EG: Do you care for cheese? 你喜欢奶酪吗？‎ ‎ [3]忧虑，担心。‎ ‎036. carry off ‎ [1]夺去； EG: Tom carried off all the school prizes.‎ ‎[2]渡过，完成； [3]勇敢地面对，坚持。‎ ‎037. carry on ‎ ‎ [1]继续下去，坚持下去；‎ ‎ [2]从事，经营；‎ EG: The baker has carried on business here for years. 面包师傅在此地经营了许多年。‎ ‎[3]（口语）出丑，惊慌； [4]（口语）与…调情，调戏；‎ ‎[5]加油；继续（中断的工作等）。‎ ‎038. carry out 贯彻，执行，实现 carry out one’s promise 实现承诺 carry out experiments 做实验 ‎039. carry /bring into effect 实行，实现=accomplish ‎040. cast /shade / throw light on/upon 对…加以说明，澄清 ‎ ‎041. catch fire =take fire 开始燃烧 ‎ ‎042. catch on ‎ ‎ [1]理解，明白； EG: I catch on to the job gradually. 渐渐地我明白这工作怎么做了。‎ ‎[2]受欢迎，流行。‎ ‎043. catch one’s breath 吓一跳，屏息 ‎044. catch one’s eye 引人注目 ‎045. catch sight of 看到 ‎046. catch up with ‎ ‎ [1]追上，赶上； EG: Work hard and you will catch up with your class.‎ ‎[2]把落后弥补上。‎ ‎047. check in 办理登记手续 EG: You must check in at the airport an hour before your plane leaves.‎ ‎048. check out ‎[1]结帐后离去 check out of a hotel ‎ ‎[2]（美）签发支票（银行存款）；‎ ‎[3]（登记）离去，离开。‎ ‎049. check up / (up) on 调查，检查，核对 ‎050. cheer up ‎ ‎ [1]使高兴，使振奋； EG: The news cheered up everyday.‎ ‎[2]高兴起来，振作起来。 EG: He cheered up at the news. ‎ ‎051. clear away 扫除，收拾 ~ the dishes ‎ ‎052. clear up ‎ ‎[1]解释，澄清；（make clear / explicit 弄清，澄清） ‎ to clear up the mystery/misunderstanding ‎[2]（天气）变晴； [3]整理，收拾；‎ ‎[4]清除，解除。‎ ‎053. come off ‎ ‎[1]实现，成功，奏效； [2]离开，掉下，脱落；‎ ‎[3]脱离，退出，断绝关系。 ‎ ‎054. come on ‎ ‎ [1]请，来吧，跟着来，慢点； [2]进展，发展；‎ ‎ [3]开始，来临； [4]出场，上演。‎ ‎055. come out ‎ [1]出版，刊出； [2]出现，显露，长出；‎ ‎ [3]结果是，结局是； [4]被解出。‎ ‎056. come round /around ‎ ‎ [1]来访，前来； [2]苏醒，复原。‎ ‎057. come through 经历，脱险 ‎058. come to ‎ ‎ [1]苏醒，复苏； [2]共计，达到。‎ ‎059. come to the point ‎060. come true（梦等）实现，如愿以偿 ‎061. come up ‎ [1]走近，上来； [2]发生被提出。‎ ‎062. come up to 达到，符合 ‎063. come up with 提出，提供 ‎064. come /go into effect 生效，实施 ‎065. come /go into force 生效，实施 ‎066. come /go into operation 开始生效，开始 运转，开工 ‎067. compare…to… ‎ ‎ [1]与…比较； [2]把…比做。‎ EG: He compares my book to his. He compares books to friends.‎ ‎068. count on 依靠，指望，期待 depend /reckon/rely on sth （依靠，指望）‎ ‎069. count up 把…相加 (=add up) ‎ ‎070. cover up 掩盖，掩饰 EG: How can we cover up our mistakes?‎ ‎071. cross out 注销 cross out 2 words 删去2个字 ‎072. cut across ‎[1]走捷径，抄近路； [2]超出…的范围，超越。‎ ‎073. cut back ‎ ‎[1]削减，降低； [2]修剪（树枝）；‎ ‎[3]（在电影、小说等中）重提前情。‎ ‎074. cut down ‎ ‎[1]削减，减少（经费等）； [2]砍倒（树）；‎ ‎[3]修改（衣服）使变小； [4]（人为疾病所）击倒，砍杀。 ‎ ‎075. cut in ‎ ‎[1]（汽车）抢档； [2]插嘴，打断。‎ ‎076. cut out ‎[1]割掉，除去； [2]除掉，删掉（省略）；‎ ‎[3]抢先（某人），取代（某人）； [4]以…的形状裁制衣服；‎ ‎[5]断绝，分离； [6]停止。‎ ‎077. cut short 突然停止 EG: He cut short his tour abroad and retained to Paris.‎ ‎078. derive from 渊源于，（从…）取得 ‎079. die down 渐渐消失，平息 ‎080. die off 相继死去 ‎081. die out 灭绝，消失 (out = completely)‎ ‎082. do away with 废除，去掉 ‎083. do without 没有…也行 (= go without)‎ ‎084. do /try one’s best 尽力 ‎085. double up ‎[1]把…折叠起来； [2]弯腰。‎ ‎086. doze off 打瞌睡 ‎087. draw in （火车、汽车）到站 ‎088. draw on ‎ [1]动用，利用； draw on one’s imagination 运用想象力 ‎[2]吸，抽烟。‎ ‎089. draw up ‎ ‎[1]写出，画出； [2]草拟；‎ ‎[3]（车子）停住。 EG: The car drew up to me.‎ ‎090. dress up 穿上盛装，打扮地漂漂亮亮 EG: Helen has invited us to dinner but says we shouldn’t bother to dress up.‎ ‎091. drop by /in 顺便走访 EG: Would you drop in on me /at my house this evening?‎ ‎092. drop off ‎ ‎[1]减弱，减少； [2]打瞌睡；=doze off ‎ ‎093. drop out ‎ ‎[1]退出，离队； [2]不参与，弃权。‎ ‎094. dwell on /upon ‎ ‎[1]深思熟虑，再三考虑； [2]详述。‎ ‎095. embark on /upon 从事，着手，开始工作 ‎ EG: China embarked on a massive programme of reform. ‎ 中国开始实施大规模的改革计划。‎ ‎096. face up to 大胆面向 EG: He has never been able to face up to the realities. 他从来都不能大胆面对现实。‎ ‎097. fail to 未能 ‎098. fall back on 转而依靠，求助于 ‎099. fall behind ‎ ‎[1]落后； [2]（付款等）逾期。‎ ‎100. fall in love (with) 相爱，爱上 EG: I fell in love with her at first sight.我对她一见钟情。‎ ‎101. fall in with ‎ ‎[1]符合，与…一致； [2]碰见（偶然）。‎ ‎102. fall out ‎ ‎[1]争吵，争执； [2]发生，变成…（的结果），结果是；‎ ‎[3]（军）离开队伍。‎ ‎103. fall through 落空，失败 ‎104. feed in 输入 EG: You feed in coin here and the coffee comes out there. ‎ ‎105. feel like (doing) 欲，想要，[一般用于否定句或疑问句中]‎ EG: I don’t feel like eating now.‎ ‎106. fill in(英) /out(美) 填充，填写 ‎107. find fault (with) 埋怨，挑剔；吹毛求疵，批评 ‎108. find out ‎ ‎[1]发现；想出；解决； [2]识破（违法）；暴露。‎ find与find out ‎（1） find是一种客观结果，find out实指主观有意识的动作；‎ ‎（2） look for“寻找”具体事物，find out（找出，查明）的通常是抽象的事因、复杂的真相等。 ‎ ‎109. flare up ‎ ‎[1]突然燃起来； [2]突然发怒。‎ fire /flame /flare /blaze up 皆为“发火”‎ ‎110. gain /have an advantage over 胜过，优于 ‎111. get across 使人了解，使人清楚 ‎ EG: The idea got across to all.‎ put across 解释清楚 ‎112. get along /on with ‎ ‎[1]进展(get on)； EG: How is your work getting along?‎ ‎[2]过活，生活(get by)； EG: How are you getting along?‎ ‎[3]相处融洽。‎ ‎113. get round /around ‎ ‎[1]走动，旅行； [2]（消息）传开。‎ ‎114. get around /round to 找时间做，开始考虑 ‎ ‎115. get at ‎ ‎ [1]得到，接近(reach)； EG: I can’t get at the tool on the shelf.‎ ‎[2]意思是（mean）。 EG: What are you getting at ? 你的意思是什么？‎ ‎116. get away ‎ ‎ [1]离开； EG: I’m too busy to get away.‎ ‎[2]逃脱（break away 强行逃脱）。 EG: One of the mice got away.‎ ‎117. get better of 胜过，占上风 ‎118. get by (get along)‎ ‎ [1]通过，经过（get along）； EG: The parade has got by.‎ ‎[2]过活。 EG: She can’t get by on such a small income.‎ ‎119. get down ‎ [1]从…下来； EG: He got down from his horse.‎ ‎[2]写下(write down, put down)。 EG: Get what he says down in writing.‎ ‎120. get down to 开始，着手(set about, take up)‎ EG: Get down to work.‎ ‎121. get hold of ‎ ‎[1]抓住，掌握； [2]接触。‎ ‎122. get in ‎ ‎ [1]进入(join in)； EG: They got in and drove off. 他们一上车，车就开了。‎ ‎[2]收获，收集； EG: The farmers are getting the crops in.‎ ‎[3]插入（话）。 EG: She talks so much that you can’t get a word in.‎ ‎123. get into ‎ ‎[1]（口语）穿上（衣服鞋子等）=put on；‎ ‎[2]进入…，从事。‎ ‎124. get off ‎ ‎ [1]从…下来； EG: They got off the bus.‎ ‎[2]逃脱惩罚。 EG: The thief got off lightly. 这个贼被从轻发落。‎ ‎125. get out of ‎ ‎ [1]出自…(issue from)；逃脱(escape from)； [2]弃绝（癖好、习惯等）；‎ ‎[3]避免（做）(doing)； [4]自（某人处）取得（金钱、消息）。‎ ‎126. get over (recover)‎ ‎ [1]从（疾病中）恢复过来（recover）；‎ EG: The man returned to work after he got over his illness.‎ ‎[2]克服困难(overcome)；‎ EG: The committee will have to find means to get over the difficulty.‎ ‎[3]解决问题(solve，settle)。‎ EG: How shall we get over these problems?‎ ‎127. get rid of ‎ ‎ [1]处理掉，丢弃； EG: These goods are difficult to get rid of.‎ ‎ [2]摆脱，除去。 EG: He can’t get rid of the cold.‎ ‎128. get the best of 胜过（他人）‎ ‎129. get the better of 打败，胜过 EG: I’ll get the better of him some day.‎ ‎130. get through ‎ [1]结束（工作），完成（任务）(finish)；‎ EG: As soon as I get through my work, I will go and see you.‎ ‎[2]接通电话； EG: I could not get through to my son yesterday.‎ ‎[3]度过（时间）； get through the winter ‎[4]花光（金钱等）； EG: He got through all his money.‎ ‎[5]（讲话等）被理解。‎ EG: It’s difficulty to get through to him.要他理解是困难的。‎ get through with 完成 get through to （电话）接通 ‎131. get together ‎ [1]开会，会面； EG: When can we get together?‎ ‎[2]装配，组织。‎ EG: It’ll take me a week to get together all the materials that I need for my talk.‎ ‎132. get up ‎ ‎[1]增加，增强(rise)； [2]起床(rise)；‎ EG: I’m not used to getting up early.‎ ‎[3]起立(stand up)。‎ ‎133. get /learn by heart 记住，背诵 ‎ EG: The girl learned the poem by heart.‎ ‎134. give away ‎[1]赠送，分送(donate)；‎ EG: He has given away all his money to the poor.‎ ‎[2]泄露。 EG: I promised never to give her secret away.‎ ‎135. give back 送还，恢复(return) give it back to its owner.‎ ‎136. give in ‎ ‎[1]投降，屈服(yield)；‎ EG: He always gives in to his wife’s demands and does whatever she tells him to do.‎ ‎[2]交上(turn in, hand in) EG: Given in your exercise books.‎ ‎137. give off 释放，放出(emit, send off)‎ ‎ EG: The flower gave off a sweet fragrance. 这些花散发出甜美的香味。‎ ‎138. give oneself away 泄露，露马脚 ‎ EG: She tried to appear indifferent, but her eyes gave herself away. ‎ ‎139. give oneself up 自首，投降，投案 ‎ EG: The murderer gave himself up (to the police). 凶手向警方自首了。‎ ‎140. give out 分发，放出（hand out）‎ ‎ EG: The teacher gave out the examination papers.‎ ‎141. give rise to 引起，造成，发生 ‎ EG: Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种做法很可能引起误会。‎ ‎142. give up 放弃，停止 ‎143. give way 断裂，倒塌 ‎ EG: The bridge gave way under the weight of the lorry. 卡车把这座桥压坏了。‎ ‎144. give way to ‎ ‎ [1]给…让路，对…让步； [2]被…代替。‎ ‎145. go after 追求 ‎146. go ahead 开始，前进，领先 ‎ EG: The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.‎ ‎ 新桥的修建将按照计划进行。‎ ‎147. go along with ‎ [1]陪同前往，随行； [2]与某人/事意见一致，赞同某事物。‎ ‎148. go around /round 足够分配 ‎ EG: There aren’t enough chairs to go round.‎ ‎149. go back on 违背 ‎ EG: He never goes back on his word. 他从不食言。‎ ‎150. go by ‎ [1]（人）经过； [2]（时间）过去（pass）； ‎ ‎ [3]依…行动（be guided by）。‎ ‎151. go down ‎ [1]下降，降低； [2]被载入，传下去。‎ ‎152. go for ‎ [1]竭力想取得； [2]支持，喜爱，拥护。‎ ‎153. go in for 从事，致力于；沉迷于，追求 ‎154. go into ‎ ‎ [1]进入…； [2]变成（某种状态）；‎ ‎ [3]从事（职业等）（enter）； [4]讨论，调查（investigate）；‎ ‎ [5]参加（take part in）。‎ ‎155. go off ‎ ‎ [1]爆炸，发射； [2]动身，离开。‎ ‎156. go on ‎ ‎ [1]（with）继续； [2]发生。‎ ‎157. go out ‎ [1]（灯火）熄灭； [2]外出，出去；‎ ‎ [3]不流行，过时。‎ ‎158. go over ‎ [1]复习； [2]横过，越过；‎ ‎ [3]查看细节（inspect details of）；‎ ‎ [4]倒向（别的党派等），改变信仰。‎ ‎159. go through ‎ [1]经历，经受； [2]详细检查。‎ ‎160. go under ‎ ‎ [1]下沉，沉没； [2]失败，破产。‎ ‎161. go up ‎ ‎ [1]上升，增加； [2]建起。‎ ‎162. go with 伴随，与…协调 ‎163. go without 没有…也行 ‎164. go wrong ‎ [1]迷路，走错路； [2]步入歧途，堕落；‎ ‎ [3]失败； [4]（机械等）有毛病，出故障。‎ ‎165. good for 胜任，有效，适用 ‎ EG: He is good for a job as a go-between.他适合于做媒。‎ ‎ The ticket is good for two days .这张票两天之内有效。‎ ‎166. had better [加动原]最好还是，应该 ‎167. had /would rather …than 宁愿…而不愿 EG: I’d rather go for a walk than watch TV tonight.‎ ‎168. hand down ‎ ‎[1]把…传下去（指从上一代传到下一代）；‎ ‎[2]宣告（判决）。‎ ‎169. hand in 交上，递交 ‎170. hand on 把…传下去（指依次传递）‎ ‎171. hand out 发给，分发，散发 （反义-hand in）‎ ‎172. hand over 交出，移交，让与 （反义-take over接管，接替）‎ ‎173. hang about 闲荡，徘徊，逗留 ‎174. hang back 畏缩，踌躇，犹豫 ‎175. hang on ‎ [1]紧抓不放； [2]继续下去； [3]等一等。‎ ‎176. hang on to 紧握住，坚持下去 ‎177. hang up 挂断（电话）（=ring off）‎ ‎178. happen to 恰巧 ‎179. have (something ) to do with 与…有关 ‎180. have back 收回，要回 ‎181. have in mind 记住，考虑到，想到 ‎182. have nothing to do with 与…无关 ‎183. have on ‎ ‎[1]（身上）佩带着…；…上带有； [2]有约会。‎ ‎184. have to do with 与…有关；交易 ‎185. head for 朝…行进，使走向 EG: We saw the car heading for us, so we stepped aside.‎ 我们看见那辆车朝我们开来，就让到一边。‎ ‎ You are heading for serious trouble.这样下去你会遇到麻烦的。 ‎ ‎186. head on [作状语]迎头，迎面 ‎ EG: The car hit the tree head on .汽车迎面撞到树上。‎ ‎187. help oneself（to）自取所需（食物等）‎ ‎188. hold back ‎ ‎ [1]踌躇，退缩； [2]阻止，抑制。‎ ‎189. hold on 继续握住不放 ‎190. hold on to 紧紧抓住，坚持 ‎191. hold out ‎ ‎ [1]维持，支持； [2]坚持，不屈服。‎ ‎192. hold up ‎ ‎ [1]举起，承载； uphold [2]阻止，使停止；‎ ‎ [3]抢劫，拦截。 holdup ‎193. hunger after 渴望 ‎ EG: He hungers after knowledge.他渴求知识。‎ ‎194. hunger for 渴望 ‎195. hurry up （使）赶快，匆匆完成 EG: Hurry up with your letter so that you can send it off today. ‎ 赶快把信写好，以便你今天发出去。‎ ‎ Hurry her up! We are all waiting for her. 催她快点，我们都在等她。‎ ‎ They hurried up their meal in order to see the football match. ‎ 他们匆匆吃完饭，以便去看球赛。‎ ‎196. improve on 改进，使…更好，改善 ‎ **improve in 在…方面好转或改善 ‎197. keep an eye on ‎ [1]照料，照应； [2]监视，注视。 ‎ ‎198. keep back ‎ ‎ [1]阻止，阻挡； [2]隐瞒，保留。‎ ‎199. keep company with 与…交往，与…结伴 ‎200. keep down ‎ ‎ [1]控制，压制，镇压； [2]压低，放低。‎ ‎201. keep from 使…不（做）；‎ ‎202. keep house 管理家务，做家务 ‎203. keep in touch 保持联系 ‎204. keep off 不接近，避开 ‎205. keep on 持续不断，保持 ‎206. keep one’s head 保持镇静 ‎207. keep one’s word 守信（反义-break one’s word）‎ ‎208. keep out of 躲开，置身…之外 ‎209. keep to 固守…，局限于…‎ ‎210. keep track of 与…保持联系，跟上…的发展 ‎211. keep up ‎ ‎ [1]保持，维持； [2]继续进行，坚持。‎ ‎212. keep up with 向…看齐，跟上…‎ ‎213. keep /hold pace with 跟上，与…同步 ‎ EG: One should keep pace with the times.一个人应该跟上时代的步伐。‎ ‎214. knock down 击倒，撞倒 ‎215. knock out 击倒，击昏 ‎216. known as 以…而闻名 ‎217. lay aside 把…搁置一边，储蓄 ‎218. lay down ‎ ‎ [1]放下； [2]制定，拟定； [3]铺设。‎ ‎219. lay off ‎ [1]（临时）解雇； [2]休息。‎ ‎220. lay out ‎ ‎ [1]安排，布置； [2]陈列，展示； [3]制定，设计。‎ ‎221. lead the way 带路，引路 ‎222. leave behind ‎ ‎[1]忘记带…； EG: Take care not to leave anything behind.当心不要落下东西。‎ ‎[2]留下。 EG: He has left a good memory behind. 他给人留下了美好的回忆。‎ ‎223. leave out 遗漏，略去（omit）‎ ‎ EG: I left out the important point .我遗漏了重要的一点。‎ ‎224. leave /let…alone 让独自呆着，不打扰，不干预 EG: Please leave me alone for a while.请让我一个人呆一会儿。‎ ‎225. lend itself to 适宜于，对…有用 a novel which lends itself well to dramatization for television适合于拍成电视剧的小说 ‎226. let alone ‎ ‎ [1]不干涉； EG: Let me alone.不要管我（让我安静一会儿）。‎ ‎ [2]更不用说.‎ ‎ EG: He won’t even thank you ,let alone pay you.他连谢都不会谢你，别说让他付钱给你了。‎ ‎227. let down ‎ [1]放下，降低； [2]使失望。‎ ‎228. let go 放开，松手 ‎ EG: Let go your hold.请松手。‎ ‎229. let in 让…进入，放…进来 ‎230. let loose 放开，放松，释放 ‎ EG: Has the dog been let loose or is it still tied up? 狗已经放了，还是依然拴着？‎ ‎231. let off <让…离开 >‎ ‎ [1]放（炮、烟火），开（枪）； [2]宽恕，从宽处理；‎ ‎ [3]免除。‎ ‎232. let out <让…离开 >‎ ‎ [1]放掉，放出，发出； [2]放大（衣服），放松（绳子）。‎ ‎233. lie in 存在于（后多跟抽象名词；exist in后多跟具体名词）‎ ‎ EG: Happiness lies in contentment.知足常乐。‎ ‎234. line up 排队，使排成一行 EG: The children lined up on the ground according to height. ‎ 孩子们按高矮在操场上排成一行。‎ ‎235. live on /by 靠…生活，以…为食 ‎ live on rice /welfare parents(某人或某物) live by begging(手段，方式)‎ ‎236. live through 度过，经受过 ‎237. live up to 做到…，不辜负（keep high standards）‎ EG: His works lived up to his reputation.他的作品配得上其名声。‎ ‎238. look after ‎ ‎ [1]目送； [2]搜求； [3]照料，照顾，注意。‎ ‎239. look at ‎ ‎ [1]看…，目视…； [2]观察，调查。‎ ‎240. look back ‎ ‎ [1]回头看；‎ EG: They looked back and saw their pursuers gaining upon them. ‎ 他们回头一看，发现追赶他们的人越来越近了。‎ ‎ [2]（on）回顾，记忆。‎ EG: The past always seems better when you look back on it. ‎ 每当回首过去时，往事似乎总是比较美好。‎ ‎241. look down upon /on 看不起，轻视 ‎242. look for ‎ ‎ [1]期待，盼望； [2]寻找，搜求。‎ ‎243. look forward to 盼望，期待 ‎244. look in （vi.）顺便看望 （= drop in）‎ ‎245. look into ‎ ‎ [1]窥视，过问； [2]调查； [3]观察。‎ ‎246. look on ‎ ‎ [1]旁观，观看； [2]（as）看待，视为。‎ ‎347. look out ‎ [1]注意，警惕，留神，提防（=watch out）； [2]向外看。‎ ‎248. look over 查看，调查，检查 ‎249. look through 仔细查看，浏览，温习 ‎250. look up 查阅，查询 ‎251. look up to 尊敬，敬仰 ‎252. lose heart 灰心 ‎253. lose one’s head 不知所措 ‎254. lose one’s temper 发脾气，发怒 （反义 -keep one’s temper）‎ ‎255. lose track 失去联系 **keep track通晓事态，注意动向 ‎256. make a face（或faces） 做鬼脸 ‎257. make a fool of 愚弄，欺骗 ‎258. make a fuss of 娇养（某人）;过分关怀（某人）‎ ‎ EG: Don’t make a fuss of children so much. 别太娇惯你的孩子。‎ ‎ **make a fuss about /over 对…大惊小怪（=make much fuss about /over）‎ ‎ make much fuss about a tiny thing 小题大做 ‎ ‎259. make a /the difference 有影响，很重要 （反义-make no difference）‎ ‎260. make allowances for 考虑（事情），宽容 make allowance(s) for his youth 念在他年轻（识浅）的份上 ‎261. make believe 假装，冒充 (pretend)‎ make believe not to hear her 假装没听到她说的话 ‎262. make for ‎ ‎ [1]走向，驶向； [2]有助于，有利于。‎ ‎263. make friends 交朋友 ‎264. make fun of =poke fun at 嘲弄 ‎265. make one’s way ‎ [1]进行； [2]进展，成功。‎ ‎266. make out ‎ ‎ [1]辨认，区分； [2]理解，了解； [3]开列，书写。‎ ‎267. make progress 进步，进展 ‎ * *be in progress 在进行中，在进步中 ‎268. make sense 讲得通，言之有理，有意义 ‎269. make sure of /that ‎[1]查明，弄确实； [2]确信； [3]确定，务必。‎ ‎270. make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理 ‎ ‎271. make the most of 充分利用 ‎（make the best of表示将不利之物充分利用，make the most of只是表示作最大利用之意）‎ ‎272. make up ‎ ‎ [1]组成，构成； [2]捏造，临时编造；‎ ‎ EG: He was very good at making up convincing excuses. 他非常善于捏造令人信服的借口。‎ ‎ [3]（为…）化妆；‎ EG: It was time to start making up for the evening performance.‎ 该是为晚上演出化妆的时候了。‎ ‎ [4]补充，补足。‎ EG: How long does it take you to make up blood you lose? ‎ 需要多长时间才能补足你损失的血呢？‎ EG: Whatever New England may lack in materials it makes up in bright ideas. ‎ 新英格兰不管在物质方面如何缺乏，但在观念方面却很开朗。‎ EG: I’m sorry I’ve got to go away again. I promise I’ll make it up next week. ‎ 真抱歉，我又得走了。我保证下周补偿。‎ ‎273. make up for 补偿，弥补（类例compensate…for）‎ ‎ EG: He made up for the loss. 他赔偿了损失。‎ ‎ Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤奋往往可以弥补智力的不足。‎ ‎274. make up one’s mind 下决心 ‎275. make use of 利用 ‎276. make way 开路，让路 * *make one’s way 前进，行进 ‎277. mark time 原地踏步，停止不前，拖延时间 ‎278. mix up ‎ [1]搅匀，拌和； [2]（with）混淆，弄乱。‎ ‎ EG：Dinner will be ready as soon as I finish mixing up this salad dressing.‎ ‎ The teacher always mixed me up with another student of the same name. ‎ 老师总是把我和另一个与我同名的学生弄混。‎ ‎279. occur to 被想到，被想起 ‎ EG: It suddenly occurred to him that he hadn’t locked the door.‎ ‎280. pass away 去世，逝世（die的婉转语）‎ ‎ EG: I’m sorry to hear that your grandmother has passed away.‎ ‎281. pass off 停止，中止[stop (doing sth) ； give up]‎ ‎ EG: Has your toothache passed off yet?你牙痛好了吗？ ‎ ‎282. pass out 失去知觉，昏倒（另：knock out 击倒，击昏； 类例lay out； ‎ 反义come to苏醒，复原； bring to 使苏醒，使复原）‎ ‎ EG: I thought I was going to pass out.我想我要昏倒了。‎ ‎283. pay attention to 注意，照顾，招待（？）‎ ‎ EG: Pay courteous attentions to the guests. 殷勤待客 ‎284. pay back ‎ ‎ [1]偿还，还钱给（某人）；‎ EG: Will you lend me $10? I will pay you back next month.‎ 能借给我10美元吗？我下个月还你。‎ ‎ [2]回报。‎ ‎ EG: How can I pay you back for all your kindness? 我该怎样报答你的好意呢？‎ ‎285. pay off ‎ ‎ [1]还清（债），给清工资后遣散；‎ ‎ EG: It took him six years to pay off the loan.‎ ‎ [2]得到好结果，（使）有报偿，使…得益（be successful）。‎ ‎ EG: We worked away for months in all weathers, and the hard work at last pay off very much. 我们不论天气好坏，连续干了三个月，艰苦的劳动终于有了很好的结果。‎ ‎286. pay up 全部付清 ‎ EG: If you don’t pay up, I’ll take legal action. 如果你不还钱，我就要起诉。‎ ‎287. pick out ‎ ‎[1]选出，挑出，拣出； [2]辨认，辨别出。‎ ‎288. pick up ‎ [1]拿起，拣起；‎ ‎ [2]（车辆等中途停下来）把（人或东西）带走，取走；‎ ‎ EG: People usually stop and pick up a fisherman. 人们常让渔夫搭车。‎ ‎ [3]（偶然）获得，（偶然或非正规地）学会；‎ ‎ EG: I may pick up a couple of useful ideas for my book.‎ 我或许偶尔获得几个对我这本书有用的想法。‎ ‎ EG: Did you pick up any Swedish? 你学会了一点瑞典语吗？‎ ‎ [4]好转，改进，增加（速度）。‎ ‎ EG: The economy is picking up. 经济在好转。‎ EG: The car pulled slowly away, then gradually picked up speed until it was out of sight. ‎ 轿车慢慢启动，然后逐渐加速，消失在视线之外。‎ ‎289. play a part (in) （在…中）起作用 EG: She played a major part in the success of the scheme. ‎ 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。‎ ‎290. play with 以…为消遣，玩弄 ‎291. point out 指出 ‎292. prey on ‎ ‎ [1]捕食，杀害； [2]折磨，损害。‎ ‎ EG: prey on small game 捕食小猎物 ‎ Feelings of guilt preyed on his mind. 内疚感折磨着他的心灵。‎ ‎293. pull down ‎ ‎ [1]拆毁，拉倒 (同义—take down，tear down)；‎ EG: Plans have been put forward to pull down and rebuild the area.‎ 已提出计划，要把这个地区的房屋拆掉重建。‎ ‎ [2]拉下，降低。‎ ‎ EG: He pulled down his hat over his eyes so that nobody should recognize him.‎ ‎294. pull in （车）停下，进站，（船）到岸 ‎ EG: I pulled in for gas.我进站停车加油。‎ ‎**pull in不及物；pull into及物，要有宾语。‎ 例： The train pulled into the station at 10:10.‎ ‎295. pull off 脱（帽、衣等）（反义—pull on穿上）‎ ‎296. pull on （匆忙）穿戴（尤其指用力或匆忙穿上）‎ ‎297. pull out ‎ [1]拔出，抽出，取出；‎ EG: He pulled out a gun from inside his jacket and pointed it at her. ‎ 他从上衣里掏出枪来指着她。‎ ‎ [2]（车、船）驶出。‎ ‎ EG: He pulled out to overtake the lorry and narrowly missed a car coming the other way. 他开着车想超过那辆卡车，险些与迎面而来的小轿车相撞。‎ EG: We watched from the bridge as the train pulled out of the station. ‎ 火车驶出站时，我们从大桥往外望去。‎ ‎298. pull up （使）停下 ‎ EG: The car pulled up at the gate. 汽车徐徐开到大门口停了下来。‎ ‎299. put across 解释清楚，说明（同义词get across, put over, get through）‎ ‎ EG: The teacher quickly put /got the meaning of the passage across to the students.‎ ‎300. put aside 储存，保留（尤其用于金钱）‎ EG: Your best plan is to put aside funds to cover these sudden calls for money. ‎ 你的最佳计划是储存基金，以支付这些突然所需的款项。‎ ‎ Ten percent of the income was put aside for expansion of production.‎ ‎ 10%的收入存下来做扩大生产用。 ‎ ‎ **They have agreed to put aside their differences in the interests of wining the election. ‎ 他们已同意为了赢得这次选举而把分歧搁在一边。‎ ‎301. put away ‎ [1]放好，收好； [2]储存。‎ EG: The correspondence was all put away in numbered files.‎ 信件都分别放在编了号的文件夹里。 ‎ ‎302. put down ‎ [1]放下(lay down, place down)；‎ ‎ EG: We put down our burdens and rested for some time.‎ ‎ [2]记下； [3]镇压，平定(keep down, put down)。‎ ‎ EG: They had to put down several other revolts before they gained complete control over the country.他们得把其他几个叛乱平息以后才能完全控制这个国家。‎ ‎303. put forward 提出 ‎ EG: What have you got to put forward to the committee? 你有什么要向委员会提出的？‎ ‎304. put in （船）进港 ‎ EG: We were refused permission to put in at Sydney.我们没有获准在悉尼进港。‎ ‎305. put in for 申请（与apply for不同，指书面正式提出申请）‎ ‎ EG: She thinks of putting in for position of manager. 她想申请当经理。‎ ‎306. put in order 使条理清楚，有秩序（？）‎ ‎307. put in to effect 实行，实现 ‎308. put off 推迟，延迟 ‎ EG: The meeting has been put off still Friday.‎ ‎ **put off+ doing sth ‎309. put on ‎ [1]穿上，戴上； [2]上演； [3]增加（体重）。‎ ‎310. put out ‎ ‎ [1]熄灭，关（灯）； EG: He put the fire out. 他把火扑灭了。‎ ‎ [2]公布，发布；‎ EG: They put out false figures to cover up the real situation. ‎ 他们公布虚假的数字来掩盖实际情况。‎ ‎ [3]生产。‎ ‎ EG: Last year the factory put out over six million records.去年这个厂出了600多万唱片。‎ ‎311. put to use 利用，使用 EG: What a shame that no one has put that old deserted mansion to use.‎ 没有人利用那栋无人居住的古老大厦真可惜了。‎ ‎312. put up ‎ ‎ [1]建造，搭起，支起；‎ ‎ EG: We shall have to put up a fence. 我们将不得不搭起栅栏。‎ I should put your umbrella up. 我应该撑开你的伞。‎ ‎ [2]张贴；‎ ‎ EG: She put up a large sign outside her house. 她在她房子外面贴了一块大招牌。‎ ‎ [3]提名；‎ ‎ EG: He put up as an independent candidate. 他作为独立的候选人而获提名。‎ ‎ [4]提（价）；‎ EG: The government has promised that taxes will not be put up again this year.‎ 政府许诺今年税收不会再提高。‎ ‎ [5]为…提供食宿，投宿；‎ ‎ EG: They put me up for the night. 他们留我过夜。‎ ‎313. put up with 容忍，忍受 ‎ EG: I’m prepared to put up with it for the time being. 我准备暂时忍受一下。‎ ‎314. put /bring into operation 使投入生产，使运转 ‎315. reckon on 指望，依靠 ‎316. reckon with ‎ ‎ [1]对付，处理； [2]估计到，预料到。‎ ‎ EG: The matter is easy to deal /cope /reckon with. 这件事很容易处理。‎ ‎ **cope with意为有效地或成功地对付或应付；而deal /reckon with只是采取行动去对付某人或某事，不考虑是否成功。deal with还表示“论述、涉及”的意义。reckon with还表示“估计到，预料到”的意义。‎ ‎317. refer to ‎ ‎ [1] refer…to 引…去查阅，参考； [2] refer to… 提到，涉及；把…提交；‎ ‎ [3] refer to… 参考，查询。‎ ‎318. refer to…as 把…称为，把…当作 EG: The American Indians referred to salt as magic white sand.‎ 美洲印第安人把盐称为魔力白沙。‎ ‎319. ring off 挂断电话 ‎ EG: I will have to ring off, I have a train to catch. 我得挂电话了，我还要赶火车呢。‎ ‎320. rub out 擦掉，拭去 ‎321. run down ‎ ‎ [1]撞倒，停掉，撞沉； [2]追捕，追获，追查出。‎ ‎322. run for 竞选 **run for it （为躲避大雨或危险等）快跑，‎ 例： As soon as they heard the siren, they ran for it.他们一听到警报声就奔跑躲避。‎ ‎323. run into 偶然遇见，撞上 (同义—come up against, meet with )‎ EG: In youth we run into difficulties, in old age difficulties run into us. (Josh Billings) ‎ 年轻时，咱们自己闯进困境里头去，上了年纪之后，困境冲着咱们而来。（比林斯）‎ ‎ EG: He ran into a bus at the zebra crossing. 在人行横道线处，他与一辆公共汽车相撞。‎ ‎ 与上句类例crash into /bump into /drive into与…相撞：‎ The car smashed into a wall.汽车撞在墙上。‎ ‎324. run off 复印，打印 ‎ EG: Could you run me off 5 copies of this article, please?‎ ‎325. run out of 用完，用尽，耗尽 ‎ EG: It looks as if oil will run out faster than coal. 石油似乎要比煤炭耗尽得快。‎ ‎ EG: We were rapidly running out of money. 我们的钱很快就要花光了。‎ ‎**run out of尤指汽油、墨水等用完；run down尤指电池、电等用完；use up泛指用完。‎ ‎326. run over ‎ ‎ [1]辗过； [2]略读，略述；‎ ‎ [3]溢出； [4]浏览，匆匆复习。‎ ‎327. run short（of） 短缺，不足 ‎328. scrape through 擦过，勉强通过 EG: He scraped through in the written papers, but she might make up his marks in the oral.‎ 虽然他勉强通过了笔试，但在口试中他或许能得高分。‎ ‎329. see off 给…送行，送别 ‎ EG: She saw him off at the station.‎ ‎330. see through ‎ ‎[1]看穿，识破； EG: I see through your little game.我看穿了你的诡计。‎ ‎[2]干完，干到底。‎ EG: I saw through the swindle, and refused to have any dealings with him.‎ 我识破了这一骗局，拒绝与他有任何来往。‎ ‎331. see to ‎ ‎[1]注意，负责，照料； [2]修理。‎ EG: Can you help me see to my car? 你能帮我修一下车吗？‎ ‎ I must see to getting the dinner ready.我必须把饭做好。‎ ‎332. send for ‎ [1]派人去请，召唤； [2]索取，函索。‎ ‎333. send in 递送，呈送，提交 EG: If you want a visa, be sure to send in your application in good time.‎ 你要获得签证的话，一定要及时提交申请。‎ ‎334. serve as 用作，作为 ‎ EG: He serves as a clerk in a bank.‎ ‎ The large box in his room can serve as a desk.‎ ‎335. serve somebody right 给某人应得的待遇，活该 ‎336. set about 开始，着手 ‎ EG: We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.我们立刻一极大的热情投入工作。‎ ‎ As soon as she arrived home she set about tidying up the room.‎ ‎337. set aside ‎ ‎ [1]搁在一边； [2]留出，挑出；‎ ‎ [3]拒绝，不理会。‎ ‎ EG: Each week she tried to set aside a few dollars.她每周都设法存下几元钱。‎ ‎ How could you set aside all the objections and cling to your own course? ‎ 你怎能不顾一切反对意见而一意孤行呢？‎ ‎ The judge set aside the decision of the lower court. 法官宣布下级法院的判决无效。‎ ‎338. set back 推迟，延缓，阻碍 ‎ EG: The accident has them back several weeks. 那场事故已使他们耽搁了几周。‎ ‎ The bad weather will set back our building plans.坏天气将影响我们的建房计划。‎ ‎339. set down 写下，记下 EG: They were asked to set down a summary of their views. ‎ 我要求他们把自己的观点归纳出来。‎ ‎340. set fire to 放火 ‎341. set forth 阐明，陈述 EG: The Prime Minister forth the aims of his government in a television broadcast.‎ 首相在一次电视讲话中阐明了政府的目标。‎ ‎342. set free 解放，释放，给…自由 ‎343. set off ‎ ‎ [1]出发，动身； EG: They set off for the North yesterday. ‎ ‎ [2]使发生，引起。 EG: The question set off a lively discussion.‎ ‎ That set all of them off laughing again.‎ ‎344. set out ‎ ‎ [1]动身，起程； EG: We set out along the beach. 我们沿着海滩开始旅行。‎ ‎ [2]开始； [3]摆出，陈列；‎ ‎ EG: There were plenty of chairs set out for the guests.很多椅子被摆出来，供客人们坐。‎ ‎ [4]陈述；‎ ‎ EG: The views set out above are based on investigations. ‎ 上述观点是在调查的基础上得出的。‎ ‎ The reasons for my decision are set out in my report. ‎ 我在报告里阐述了我作出决定的理由。‎ ‎ [5]制定。‎ ‎345. set out to 打算，开始，着手（=set about doing）‎ ‎346. set up ‎ [1]创立，建立； [2]树立，架起；‎ ‎ [3]资助，扶持，（使能）开业，开始经商。‎ EG: His father intended to set him up as a doctor. 他父亲打算让他成为一名医生。‎ ‎ She left her parents’ home and set up on her own. 她离开父母家开始自立。‎ He made a trip to the South and considered setting up there. ‎ 他去南方跑了一趟，打算在那里开业。‎ ‎347. settle down 定居，过安定的生活 ‎348. show in 领入 ‎349. show off 炫耀，卖弄 ‎ EG: Most small children like to show off in front of visitors.‎ ‎ He is always picking up very heavy things just to show off his strength. ‎ ‎350. show up ‎ [1]使呈现，使醒目； [2]出席，到场。‎ ‎351. shut out 排除，不让…进来 ‎ EG: This shut out any danger of fire.这排除了失火的危险。‎ ‎ The late comers were shut out the stadium.迟到者都被关在体育场外面。‎ ‎352. sick of 厌烦 ‎ EG: She is sick of doing nothing. 她因无所事事而厌烦。‎ ‎353. sit for （准备）参加（考试），应考 ‎ EG: He sat for the entrance examinations.‎ ‎354. sit in（on）列席，旁听 EG: I was allowed to sit in on the deliberations of the board. ‎ 我被允许出席委员会的评议会议。‎ ‎355. sit up 迟睡，熬夜 ‎356. speed up 使加速（反义slow down；同义step up）‎ ‎357. stand by ‎ [1]站在一边，袖手旁观； [2]支持，帮助。‎ ‎358. stand for 代替，代表，意味着 ‎359. stand out 突出，显眼 EG: He stands out in the crowd, as he is 2 meters in height. ‎ 他在人群中显得很突出，因为他身高‎2米。‎ ‎ The two girls stood out from the whole class, and were always winning prizes for school work. 这两个女孩子在班上表现得很出色， 因成绩优异而频频获奖。‎ ‎360. stand up ‎ [1]站起来； [2]（论据、论点等）站得住脚。‎ ‎361. stand up for 支持，维护，保卫 ‎ EG: Don’t be afraid to stand up for your rights. 不要害怕维护你的权利。‎ ‎362. stand up to ‎ [1]勇敢面对，反抗； [2]经得起，顶得住。‎ ‎ EG: He is too weak to stand up to her. 他太软弱，不敢面对她。‎ ‎363. start from scratch 从头做起，从零开始 ‎364. step in 插入，介入 EG: If the police had not stepped in when they did there would have been serious violence. ‎ 当时警方迟一些干预就会发生严重的暴力事件了。‎ ‎365. step up 加快，加速，增加 EG: When John found himself going to be late, he stepped up his face.‎ 当约翰发现自己要迟到时，他就加快了步伐。‎ EG: The factory has stepped up production. 工厂提高了产量。‎ ‎366. stick out 伸出，突出 ‎367. stick to 坚持，忠于，信守（同义adhere　to，keep to，cling to，hold to）‎ EG: I will stick to my father whatever is said of him.‎ ‎368. sum up 总结，概括 ‎369. summon up ‎ [1]鼓起（勇气），奋起；‎ EG: You must summon up all your courage to meet the danger. ‎ 你必须鼓足勇气于面对危险。‎ ‎ [2]唤起。‎ ‎ EG: She tried to summon up the memory of the event. 她试图唤起对那件事的回忆。‎ ‎370. take a chance 冒险一试 EG: Won’t you take a chance on the prize? You may win it. ‎ 你何不碰碰运气去争奖？你可能得奖。 ‎ ‎371. take advantage of 利用 ‎372. take after 与…相象 ‎ EG: She takes after her mother in appearance.她的长相随她的母亲。‎ ‎ **look like 外表看起来“像”；‎ ‎ take after相貌、性格方面“随”年长的亲属。‎ ‎373. take apart 拆开，拆卸（机器）（？）‎ ‎374. take away 消除，消耗 ‎ EG: Please use this medicine to take away the pain. 止痛请用这种药。‎ ‎375. take care 当心，留神 ‎ EG: Take care not to catch cold. = Take care (that) you don’t catch cold.小心不要感冒着凉。‎ ‎376. take care of ‎ [1]照顾，照料； [2]承担，处理，负责（be responsible for）。‎ ‎377. take charge of 负责，监督，管理 ‎378. take delight in 以…为乐 ‎ EG: Harry takes great delight in teasing his little sister. 哈里很喜欢逗他的小妹妹玩。‎ ‎379. take down 记下，写下（同义—get down, set down, put down, write down）‎ EG: Your speech is so quick that I can’t take down what you’ve said.‎ ‎380. take effect 生效，奏效 ‎381. take in ‎ [1]接受，吸收；‎ ‎ EG: The school will take in three hundred new students.‎ ‎[2]了解，理解；‎ EG: People never take in new facts very easily when they’re unhappy.‎ 人们不高兴时，从来就不会非常容易地理解新事实。‎ ‎ [3]欺骗。‎ EG: The newspaper’s reportage on everything good and nothing bad takes its readers in. ‎ 这家报纸只报喜不报忧，使读者受骗。‎ ‎382. take off ‎ ‎ [1]起飞； [2]脱下。‎ ‎ EG: He took off his hat and bowed politely as he passed.‎ ‎383. take on ‎ ‎ [1]呈现； EG: Her face took on a haunted quality. 她脸上流露出心烦意乱的表情。‎ ‎ [2]具有； EG: The word is taking on a new meaning. 这个单词具有一种新的意义。‎ ‎ [3]接纳，开始雇佣；‎ EG: They no longer have to take on large numbers of temporary staff to do the checking. ‎ 他们无须再雇佣大量的临时工做核对工作。‎ ‎ [4]承担，从事；‎ ‎ EG: He was always ready to take on the hardest job. 他总是乐于做最艰难的工作。‎ ‎ [5]装出。‎ ‎384. take one’s cue from 学…的样，听…的劝告 EG: Tom took his cue from his teacher’s tone. 汤姆学他老师说话的腔调。‎ ‎385. take one’s time 慢慢来，从容不迫 ‎ EG: She is used to taking her time.她习惯于不慌不忙。‎ ‎* *take time 费时间，花功夫 ‎386. take over 接管，接办 ‎387. take pains 煞费苦心，尽力 ‎388. take part in 参加，协助 ‎389. take place 发生，举行 ‎390. take shape 成形 ‎391. take the place of 代替 EG: Nothing could take the place of the family he has lost. ‎ 他失去了家庭，这一损失是无法弥补的。‎ ‎392. take to 喜欢，亲近形成…的习惯 EG: I saw him yesterday for the first time and took to him at once.‎ 昨天我第一次见到他，并很快就喜欢上了他。‎ ‎ He took to writing novels.他开始喜欢写小说。‎ ‎393. take turns 轮流，交替 ‎394. take up ‎ [1]开始从事；‎ ‎ EG: My assistant left to take up another post. 我的助手离开了，去从事另一项工作。‎ ‎ [2]接受（挑战等）；‎ EG: She wished Jane would take up Tom’s offer to decorate the house. ‎ 她希望简接受汤姆的提议，去装修房子。‎ ‎ [3]采取，采纳；‎ EG: He hated to see her taking up this hard, uncompromising attitude. ‎ 他不愿看见她采取这种强硬的、不妥协的态度。‎ ‎ [4]占去，占据。‎ ‎ EG: I won’t take up any more of your time. 我不愿再占用你的时间。‎ ‎395. take…as 把…作为 ‎ EG: They take him as a lucky person.他们把他看作幸运者。‎ ‎** take…as是“作为…使用（或对待）”， take…for含“把…误认为”之意。‎ 如： I took him for my brother.我把他当成我的兄弟了。‎ ‎396. take…for 把…认为是，把…看成为 ‎397. take…for granted ‎ [1]认为…理所当然；‎ ‎ [2]（因视为当然而）对…不予重视 EG: He is so busy with his job that he takes his family for granted.‎ 他工作很忙，于是他便认为可以因此而不关心他的家人。‎ ‎398. take…into account 考虑 ‎ EG: I will take your suggestion into account. 我将考虑你的建议。‎ ‎399. talk back 回嘴，顶嘴 ‎400. talk into 说服 ‎ EG: She talked me into taking a week’s holiday. 她劝我去度一周假。‎ ‎**talk…out of 说服…不…‎ ‎401. think better of 改变主意，重新考虑 ‎402. think of ‎ ‎ [1]思索，考虑，深思； [2]想象；‎ ‎ EG: Just think of the cost! 想一想那费用吧。‎ ‎ [3]想到，忆及；想起；‎ EG : think of a word beginning with B. 想到一个以B为首的字。‎ ‎ [4]企图，意欲。‎ EG: I am thinking of going to Dublin. 我正计划去都柏林。‎ ‎403. think of… as 把…看做是，以为…是 ‎ EG: You mustn’t think of me as being unhappy. 你一定不要认为我不高兴。‎ ‎ I have long thought of it as the most enchanting city in England. ‎ 长期以来我一直认为这是英国最迷人的城市。‎ ‎404. think over 仔细考虑 ‎405. touch on 关系到，涉及（稍稍谈到）‎ ‎ EG: Our conversation touched on many subjects. 我们的谈话涉及到许多题目。‎ ‎406. touch up ‎ ‎ [1]对…作最后的润笔，修正； [2]使想[唤]起（记忆）；‎ ‎ [3]轻轻鞭打（马等）。‎ ‎407. try on （动作）试穿 ‎408. try out 试验 ‎409. tune in (to sth) 收听，调谐 ‎410. turn down ‎ ‎[1]关小，调低； ‎ ‎ EG: That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little? ‎ 收音机声音太大了，你能关小一点吗？‎ ‎ [2]拒绝，摒弃。‎ ‎ EG: He proposed to her, but she turned him down. 他向她求婚，她拒绝了他。‎ ‎411. turn in ‎ [1]交还，上交；‎ EG: The work you’ve been turning in lately hasn’t been up to scratch. ‎ 你近期交上的作品还没有修改呢。‎ ‎ [2]转身进入，拐入。‎ ‎412. turn （…）into 变成 ‎ EG: The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。‎ ‎ The magician turned the girl into a swan which surprised the audience.‎ 魔术师把这个女孩变成了天鹅，使观众们很惊讶。‎ ‎413. turn off ‎ ‎ [1]关掉，断开； [2]拐弯，叉开。‎ EG: You don’t even turn off, you just go straight ahead. ‎ 你甚至不用拐弯，一直往前走就是了。‎ ‎414. turn on 接通，打开 ‎415. turn out ‎ ‎ [1]结果是，（最后）证明是；‎ ‎ EG: The beggar turned out to be a thief. 那乞丐原来是个贼。‎ ‎ [2]制造，生产；‎ ‎ EG: The factory has turned out high-precision instruments. 这家工厂生产出了高精密仪器。‎ ‎ [3]驱逐，（使）离开；‎ ‎ EG: He was turned out of his birth place.他被迫离开出生地。‎ ‎ [4]关掉，旋熄（尤指电器及煤气等）。‎ ‎ EG: Turn out /off the gas. 关掉煤气。‎ ‎416. turn over ‎ ‎ [1]移交，转交（=hand over）； [2]翻过来，翻倒。‎ ‎417. turn to ‎ ‎ [1]变成； [2]求助于，借助于。‎ ‎ EG: In his desperation, he turned to drink.他在绝望中借酒消愁。‎ ‎418. turn up ‎ [1]到来，出现；‎ EG: He turned up at rehearsal the next day looking awful.‎ 第二天彩排时，他来了，脸色非常不好。‎ ‎ [2]开大，调大。‎ ‎ EG: Could you turn the fire up? 你能把火调大一点吗？‎ ‎419. use up 用完，耗尽 ‎ EG: Our stock of matches is used up. 我们储存的火柴用完了。‎ ‎420. ward off 防止，避开 ‎ EG: Brushing your teeth regularly helps to ward off tooth decay. 经常刷牙对防止蛀牙有好处。‎ ‎421. warm up (使)暖起来，（使）加热 ‎422. wear off 渐渐减少，逐渐消失 ‎ EG: The paint on your fingers will wear off in time. 你手指上的油漆会慢慢褪掉的。‎ ‎ The effects of the shock will soon wear off. 这种打击的影响不久即可消失。‎ ‎ **（使）人精疲力竭用wear out。‎ ‎423. wear out ‎ [1]（物）穿破，磨损，用坏；‎ ‎ [2]（人）（使）疲乏，（使）厌倦，（使）耗尽。‎ EG: His patience was worn out by all these troubles and anxieties. ‎ 这些烦恼和忧虑使他再也忍耐不住了。‎ ‎424. wipe out ‎ ‎[1]擦去，除去；‎ ‎ out 表示空间“由里向外”，因而与表示 ‎“clean”的动词连用，表示清除物体内部；而off 可表示“离开”平面，因而与表示 ‎“clean”的动词连用，表示清除物体表面（the surface of ）。‎ 如：Did you sweep out the closet last night? 昨晚你把壁橱（里面）打扫干净了吗？‎ ‎ I cleaned out the desk and dusted it off. 我把课桌里面擦干净，并拭去桌面上的灰尘。‎ ‎[2]彻底摧毁，消灭。‎ EG: The whole enemy was wiped out.敌人全军覆没。‎ ‎ The earthquake wiped out the town. 地震毁灭了那座城市。‎ ‎425. work out ‎ ‎ [1]算出；‎ ‎ EG: The weekly rate is worked out by dividing by 52. 除以52就算出来每周费用了。‎ ‎ [2]想出，设计出，制定出； [3]解决。‎ EG: Economists have tried to work out an alternative economic system. ‎ 经济学家试图找到一种可供选择的经济体系。‎ ‎426. work up ‎ ‎ [1]引起，激起； [2]逐渐上升，向上爬。‎ ‎427. write off 取消，注销，勾销 ‎ EG: The new equipment was written off in three years.新设备三年就报废了 中考英语动词及动词词组命题趋势与预测 其考查重点为：‎ ‎1、动词和动词词组辨析。‎ ‎2、常用动词于名词、副词、介词构成的短语动词的基本含义和引申义。‎ 考点分析 一、对表示状态变化的系动词的考查 英语中常见的表示状态变化的系动词有 get ， turn ， turn out （结果是……）， go ， come （成为）， fall ， become 等。‎ ‎【考例】 The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands. （年江苏盐城）‎ A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer ‎【解析】  答案为C。句意为“大熊猫的数量越来越少因为他们的生存空间正逐渐变成农场”。本题中四个选项都是“比较级+ and + 比较级”的结构，表示“越来越……”。主语为number，只能和large或small搭配。而结合句意可判断答案为C。‎ ‎--I am getting ___each month. I can't put on my jeans.‎ ‎ --I'm afraid you have to take exercise every day. [河南省]‎ A. heavy  B. heavier C. the heavier  D. the heaviest ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查形容词的比较级。根据句意要用比较级而heavy的比较级是heavier，故选B。‎ ‎【考例】The food in that restaurant ____delicious，but it tastes bad．    [沈阳市]‎ A． looks B．feels C becomes D．gets ‎[答案]A。[解析]从下句but it tastes bad，“但尝起来很差”，可推知选A：那家餐馆的食物看起来不错。‎ ‎【考例】一What do you think of the music，Fred?‎ 一It ________wonderful．[台州市]‎ A．smells     B. looks．    C．tastes     D．sounds ‎[答案]D。 [解析]系动词的用法常见的系动词有四个“起来”(smell，look，taste，sound)，四个“变得”(turn，grow，become，get)以及feel，be等。音乐应该是“听起来”，其余三项不合句意。‎ ‎—It is said that no one bought that kind of fruit．‎ 一That's true．It tasted_________.[浙江]‎ A．good     B．terrible    C．well D．terribly 答案：B解析：根据第一个人说“据说没人买那种水果”可知，它尝起来不好吃。taste是连系动词，其后接形容词，故选B。‎ 一Do you know the final of men's singles will be played between Wang Liqin and Ma Lin?‎ ‎——Yes．I felt ____when I heard the ________news. [黄冈]‎ A．exciting；excited B．excited；exciting C．exciting；exciting  D．excited；excited 答案：B解析：当主语是人时，要用excited来修饰；用来修饰物时，要用exciting，故选B。‎ Hi，mum．Have you cooked fish for dinner? I can ____it．[ 河南]‎ A．taste     B. smell     C．feel     D．touch ‎55．答案：B解析：由句意“妈妈，你做好鱼了吗?”故“我能闻到昧了”，应选B。‎ ‎【考例】．Hi, mum. Have you cooked fish for dinner? I can _________it. [河南省]‎ A. taste           B. smell           C. feel            D. touch ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。因为是问妈妈是否做了鱼，如果看到、尝到鱼了，就不会这么怀疑了。 smell是闻到的意思。‎ 二、对表示状态存在的系动词的考查 常见的有 be, seem, appear, look, feel, smell, sound, keep, taste, remain, prove, stay, lie （处于某种状态）， stand （处于某种状态）等。‎ ‎【考例】Carl felt _______because he won the first prize in the school singing competition. [安徽省]‎ A. interested       B. proud          C. angry          D. worried ‎[答案]B 。[解析]考查形容词词义。根据句意“获奖是值得高兴、自豪的事情”，应选proud。‎ 三、对动词的考查 ‎【考例】After they passed their exams, they __by having a party．[沈阳市]‎ A． succeeded     B．celebrated     C．prepared     D．received ‎[答案]B 。[解析]由于通过了考试，所以他们通过聚会的方式来庆祝，celebrate庆祝。‎ I am sure that he is________ a lie. [广东省]‎ A. saying         B. talking         C. speaking       D. telling ‎[答案]D。[解析]本题考查四个“说”动词的区别say强调说话的内容；talk为不及物动词，意为“交谈”；speak后接某种语言时为及物动词，作“说话，发言”讲时为不及物动词；tell为及物动词，当“告诉，讲，说” 等，经常和story，lie等连用，构成“讲故事”、“说谎”等短语，故本题选D。‎ How long does it __________ you to wash all the dishes? [成都市]‎ A. take        B. use         C. spend ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。“干某事用了某人多少时间” 用spend或take。而spend主语必须是人根据it takes sb some time to do sth结构可知应选A。‎ I visited many places including the History‎ ‎Museum last Saturday; When I_________ at the hotel, it was very late. [太原市]‎ A. got                  B. reached               C. arrived ‎[答案]C。[解析]本题考查三个“到达”的用法。get后接地点名词时要加介词to；reach是及物动词，其后可以直接跟地点名词；arrive是不及物动词，后接地点是“小地方”时可与 at连用；后接地点是“大地方”时可与介词in连用。此题空格后有介词at，故应该选C。‎ I am greatly interested in this painting. Something in it  ______the painter's deep love for nature. [河南省]‎ A. expresses B. discusses C. expects D. imagines ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 express有“表达”的意思，符合本题的要求。‎ In the 49 world Table Tennis Championship(锦标赛)，Wang Liqin________ Ma Linand ________the champion(冠军)of the Men's Singles．[芜湖市]‎ A．beat; beat B. won；won C beat; won D．won; beat ‎[答案]C。[解析]考查易混词的辨析动词beat后跟人或球队等，而win后则跟比赛、奖项等。‎ ‎9．一why do Chinese people like red?   ‎ ‎——Because they think it can __________them good luck.[浙江省]‎ A．carry B. bring C. make D．take ‎[答案]B。[解析]考查carry，take与bring的区别carry搬，携带；bring带来；make制作，使；take带走，由句意“因为他们认为它能给他们带来幸运”，故选bring。‎ 四、 对动词词组的考查 动词短语是高考考查的一个热点，几乎每套题中都要设置2-3个考查动词短语的。从题设上看，主要有以下几种形式：‎ ‎1．不同的动词，后面加上相同的小品词 使用频率较高的这类动词有：call，cut，come，go，get，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make等。常见的介词或副词有：in，off，out，up，away，for，on，over，等。‎ ‎1）动词+away构成的短语有：‎ throw away扔掉； put away把……收拾好；‎ give away捐赠，分发； carry away运走；run away，潜逃；跑开； go away走开等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎2）动词+for构成的短语有：‎ answer for负责； provide for供养； call for提倡，要求； ‎ plan for打算，为……计划； hope for希望，期待； ask for请求，寻找；需要；‎ send for派人去请；go for努力获取； pay for偿还，赔偿； wait for等待； look for寻找 ‎【考例】‎ ‎3）动词+on构成的短语有：‎ Try on试穿，试验； put on穿上，上演； have on穿着，戴着；pull on穿，戴；hold on不挂断，停止； carry on继续开展，坚持； keep on继续；go on继续；‎ get on上(车、船)；come on赶快等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎4）动词+over构成的短语有：‎ come over过来； hand over移交 ； go over仔细检查，复习； get over克服，恢复；look over检查； think over仔细考虑； take over接受，接管； turn over翻转等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎5）动词+up构成的短语有：‎ bring up抚育，培养； call up召唤，打电话给； come up走进，上来；‎ cut up切碎：fix up. 修理；give up放弃； go up上升，增长； grow up长大；‎ look up尊敬；向上看；查寻；make up虚构；弥补，组成； put up举起，搭建；‎ pick up捡起，(开车)接某人，偶然得到； set up建立，创(纪录)； send up发射；show up揭露，露面； turn up出现，把……调高一点； ’take up占据，开始从事等。‎ ‎【考例】She has to _______some of her hobbies because she has no time to spend on them. [太原市]‎ A. give up               B. look up               C. pick up ‎[答案]A 。[解析]本题主要考查动词短语的用法。A项是“放弃”，B项是“抬头看；查询”，C项是“捡起”。根据后句意思：她没有时间花费在他们身上。推知空格处应选择“放弃”。‎ More and more foreigners want to ________their companies in China．‎ A．open up     B．look up     C．clean up     D．pick up 答案：A解析：open up意为“成立”，look up意为“查找；cleanup意为“打扫于净"；pick up意为“捡起”。用open up 最合适。故选A。‎ ‎6）动词+out构成的短语有：‎ go out出去，熄灭； look out留神，当心 ； walk out走出； set out出发，开始：put out扑灭，生产； give out发出，发表； hand out分发； pick out挑选：‎ find out找出，发现； speak out大声地说出； turn out生产，打扫；‎ get out出去，离开； work out计算出，解决，锻炼；‎ carry out实现，执行； bring out出版， start out出发，动身等。‎ ‎2.同一个动词。后面加上不同的小品词(即介词或副词)：‎ 常见的这些动词有：break，die，call，cut，come，get，go，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make等。‎ ‎1）break+介词／副词的短语有：‎ break down击败，摧毁；发生故障，(身体)垮掉； break out爆发；‎ break through突破，突围；break off中断，突然停止； break up打碎；分解；驱散；break in打断； break into破门而人； break away突然离开；逃脱；脱离等。‎ ‎2）bring+介词的短语有：‎ bring about使发生；bring back拿回来，使恢复；bring down打倒，降低；‎ bring in引进；bring out出版，生产；bring up培养，养育；bring over使相信，征服 ‎3）call+介词／副词的短语有：‎ call after以……的名字命名； call back叫回，召回，使回忆起；‎ call up征召入伍，给某人打电话，使想起； call on号召，拜访某人．‎ call in召集； call off取消等。‎ ‎4）come+介词／副词的短语有：‎ come in进来； come from；来自于……； come about产生；‎ come over过来： come out出来，出现； come by从旁经过；‎ come up上来，走进； come across偶遇； come along发生，进步；‎ come after跟着……来； come back回来；‎ come around恢复知觉；回来； come down下来，倒塌等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎5）cut+介词的短语有： ‎ cut in插嘴，插入； cut across抄近路； cut back减少； cut off切断；cut up切碎，cut away砍掉； cut down砍倒，削减等等； cut out切掉，裁剪出，停止；‎ cut throug通过，穿过等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎6）get+介词／副词的短语有：‎ get about传播；走动； get through到达，做完，通过，度过，打通(电话)；‎ get in进入，陷入； get on上车，进展，融洽相处； get off下车，下来；‎ get across通过，被理解； get along进展，融洽相处； get away离开，脱身等。‎ ‎【考例】Don't __while the bus is moving，or you may hurt yourself and even someone outside．[南通市]‎ A．get on     B get up     C．get off     D．get in ‎[答案]C。[解析] 句中提到了bus，上车是get on，下车是get off，确定答案在A与C中。再由后面的someone outside(外面的人)可知，这儿说的是下车。‎ Wake up，Nick．It's time to____，or you'll be late for school．[温州]‎ A．get up     B．get back C．get away     D．get off 答案：A解析：本题考查动词短语的用法。由题意“到了起床的时间了，尼克，否则你会迟到”，故选A。‎ ‎7）give+介词／副词的短语有：‎ give up放弃；give in屈服，投降；give away赠送，捐赠；泄漏；‎ give over移交，交出，give off放出，发出，排出；give out分发，散发，放出(光，热)；give back归还等。‎ ‎8）go+介词／副词的短语有：‎ go ahead着手，开始(做)，进行；go along 进展，前进；go around到处走动；顺便访问；go away离去，走开；go beyond超过；go by过去，流逝；go down下降；go up上升；go for喜欢；go off离开，停止；go over复习，温习；go through经历，穿过等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎9）1ook+介词／副词的短语有：‎ look after照顾，照料；look away把目光移开；1ook around环顾；look at看；look down朝下看；look for寻找；look into调查；look out当心；look through浏览，检查；等。‎ ‎【考例】--Excuse me, Mr Li, I don't know the meaning of the whole sentence. What shall I do? [2009成都市]‎ ‎    --You'd better first _______the new words.‎ A. look for        B. look up       C. look through ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。此处look up意为“查阅”(词典等)。look for寻找；look through浏览。‎ Kate didn't go to the movie last night because she had to ________her sick dog at home. [2009陕西省]‎ A. look at         B. look up         C. look for        D. look after ‎[答案]D。[解析]考查词组的的含义。四个选项中A项表示“看”；B项表示“仰视”或“查找”；C项表示“寻找”；而根据句意，只有D项“照看”符合题意。‎ ‎10）take+介词/副词的短语有：‎ The plane __________at three o'clock in the afternoon. [2009广东省]‎ A. takes off       B. takes away     C. takes out       D. takes down ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查四个动词短语的区别。题意为“飞机在下午三点钟起飞”。故应选A。take off是同定搭配，意为“脱下；起飞”等；而take away是“带走，拿走”的意思；take out意为“取出，拿出”；take down是“写下，记下”之意。‎ ‎11)turn+介词／副词的短有：‎ turn about／round(使)向后转，回头，转身； turn against(使)反对(某人)；‎ turn away转过脸去，拒绝； turn back往回走； turn down调低，关小，拒绝；‎ turn in上缴，上交； turn into(使)变成； turn off关掉； turn on打开；‎ rum out'熄灭，生产； turn to求助于，转向； turn up 调高，到达，出现等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎11）put+介词／副词的短语有：‎ put aside把……放在一边，积蓄； put back把……放回原处；put down放下，镇压；put forward提出，建议； put in放进； put off迟，拖延；‎ put on穿上，戴上，增加，上演， put out生产出，出版； put up举起，张贴等。‎ ‎【考例】After eight hours hard work，the firemen finally _____the forest fire．  [2009连云港市]‎ A．put away     B．put out     C．put down     D．put in ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 put away收起来放好；put out熄灭；put down放下；put in放进去。宾语为“森林大火”，所以用put out。‎ ‎12）be／get／become+过去分词／形容词+介词的短语有：‎ be dressed in穿着； be fond of爱好，喜爱； be lost in沉溺于；be located in位于；be addicted to沉溺于． be used to习惯于； be curious about对……好奇；‎ be engaged in忙于……， be glad to乐意……； be convinced of确信，认识到；‎ be aware of意识到； be worried about担心等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎13）动词+副词+介词的短语有：‎ add up to合计达； break away from从……脱离开； come up with想出；‎ catch up with赶上； get down to开始认真地做某事； go in for参加，追求；keep away from远离； keep up with跟上； date back to追溯到；‎ put up with忍受，容忍·； run out of用完； watch out for当心；‎ look down upon瞧不起； go ahead with开始，着手；‎ go along with一起去，同意； hold on to坚持等。‎ ‎【考例】Though their parents work in faraway cities to make money，those“stay-home children" can ________themselves．[台州市]‎ ‎ A．look out of     B come up with  C．take care of  D ．catch up with ‎[答案]C。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 look out of向外看；come up with想出take care of照顾catch up with赶上。句意为“虽然他们的父母在遥远的城市里工作赚钱，但那些留守的孩子能照顾好自己”。‎ ‎---Do you have this kind of MP4?‎ ‎---Sorry，we ____yesterday．You can come next week. [2009南宁市]‎ A．wrote them down     B. tried them on     C．took them off  D ．sold them out ‎[答案]D 。[解析]从问句可知是买MP4，所以答语为“对不起，昨天卖完了”。Write down写下来；try on试穿；take off脱下；sell out卖完。只有D项符合题意。‎ ‎3。动词不同，小品词也不同。‎ ‎【考例】Don't ________people in trouble. Try to "help them, [吉林省]‎ A. hear. from   B. go over C. laugh at  D. took like ‎[答案]C 。[解析]联系上下句“不要嘲笑在麻烦中的人，要努力去帮助他们。”laugh at嘲笑，故选C。‎ ‎14． --Tom, it's cold outside. ________your coat when you go out.‎ ‎     --OK, Morn. [2009安徽省]‎ A. Take off        B. Take away     C. Put away       D. Put on ‎[答案]D 。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。因为外面冷，所以出去的时候要“穿上”外衣。‎ My parents and I like to __ outside after dinner. It is really relaxing. [2009太原市]‎ A. run off               B. hang out              C. dress up ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题主要考查动词短语的意思。A项run off意为“逃跑，流掉”；B项hang out意为“闲逛”；C项dress up意为“盛装打扮”。根据后句"It is really relaxing．”推知空格处应填hang out。 ‎ ‎．Lots of people in our city _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to the old on buses. [河南省]‎ A. agree with       B. worry about     C. laugh at        D. care for ‎[答案]D。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 由句中的offer their seats to the old 0n bus和现实生活中就知道是“关心”“爱护”。   ‎ They are going to __a hospital to help poor people．[07南充市]‎ A．write down   B. hand out     C．set up ‎[答案]C。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。只有set up(建立)能与宾语a hospital搭配，write down(写下)和hand out(分发)都不合适。‎ The twins are talking about the book Who Moved My Cheese. It's fun to ___________them.  [昆明市]‎ A. join           B. join in         C. take part in    D. enter ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查了四个动词(组)的辨析。动词join多指加入某一组织；join in参加某个活动；take part in指参加某一活动，并在其中发挥作用；enter指进入某一地方或领域。由句意可知，这儿指加入到某一行列中，所以正确答案为A项。‎ ‎【语法回顾】‎ ‎1. 短语动词的分类ww.zk5u.ecom ‎(1)动词＋介词 常见的有look for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：‎ We often listen to the radio.我们坚持听收音机。‎ Look at the picture.请看这幅画。‎ She looks after our children她照料我们的孩子。‎ ‎(2)动词＋副词 常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：‎ He always get up early.他总是起得很早。‎ Don't forget to put on your coat.不要忘记穿上大衣。‎ Please wake me up at five.请在五点钟叫醒我。‎ ‎(3)动词＋副词＋介词ww.zk5u.ecom 常见的有 go on with, catch up with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：‎ A doctor came up to me.医生走到我跟前。‎ We must go on with  the experiment.我们必须继续实验。‎ ‎(4)动词＋名词＋介词 常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：ww.zk5u.ecom Pay attention to the teacher's teaching. Don't talk to each other.注意听老师讲课，不要交谈。‎ Her job is taking care of the patients.她的任务是照顾病人。‎ ‎(5)动词＋形容词 常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如： The prisoners were set free.犯人获释了。‎ He cut it open.他把它割开了。‎ ‎（6）动词＋形容词 +介词ww.zk5u.ecom Be used to习惯于， be afraid of害怕， be different from不同于，‎ be fond of喜欢， be angry with生气 He wasn't used to hard work.他不习惯艰苦的工作。‎ What are you afraid of? 你怕什么？‎ American football is different from the ordinary football.美国足球不同于一般足球。‎ ‎6)动词＋名词 常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：‎ The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.五四运动发生于一九一九年。‎ I make friends with a lot of people.我和许多人交朋友。‎ ‎2. 短语动词的辨析ww.zk5u.ecom ‎(1)be made in（在……生产或制造）， be made of(由……组成或构成)‎ ‎(2)come down(下来;落)， come along(来；随同)， come to oneself(苏醒)，come true(实现)， come out(花开；发芽；出现；出来)， ‎ come over（过来；顺便来访），come in(进来)， come on(来吧；跟着来；赶快), come up with(找到；提出)‎ ‎(3)do one’s best(尽最大努力), do well in(在……干得好), ‎ do one’s homework(做作业)， do some reading(阅读)‎ ‎(4)fall asleep(入睡)， fall behind(落在…..后面)， ‎ fall off(从……掉下)， fall down(到下；跌倒)‎ ‎(5)get down(下来；落下)， get on(上车)， get to(到达)， get up(起床)，‎ get back(回来；取回)， get off(下来)， get on well with(与……相处融洽)，‎ get married(结婚)， get together(相聚)‎ ‎(6)give up(放弃)， give…a hand(给与……帮助)， give a concert(开音乐会)‎ ‎(7)go back(回去)， go on(继续)， go home(回家)， go to bed(睡觉)，‎ go over(过一遍；仔细检查)， go out(外出；到外面)， go wrong(走错路)，‎ go on doing(继续做某事)， go shopping(买东西)， go boating(去划船), ‎ go fishing(去钓鱼)， go hiking(去徒步旅行)， go skating(去滑冰)，‎ go straight along(沿着……一直往前走)‎ ‎(8)have a look(看一看), have a seat（坐下）, have supper（吃晚餐）, have a rest（休息）, have sports（进行体育活动）, have a cold（感冒）,‎ ‎ have a cough（咳嗽）, have a good time（过得愉快）, have a headache（头痛），have a try(尝试；努力)‎ ‎(9)look for(寻找)， look out(留神; 注意)， look over(仔细检查)，‎ look up(向上看；抬头看)， look after(照顾; 照看)， look at(看；观看)，‎ look like(看起来像)， look the same(看起来像)，‎ ‎(10)make friends(交朋友)， make phone calls(打电话)， make money(赚钱)，make the bed(整理床铺)， make a noise(吵闹)， make a faces(做鬼脸)，make one’s way to(往……走去)， make room for(给……腾出地方)，‎ make a decision(做出决定)， make a mistake(犯错误)， make up one’s mind(下决心)‎ ‎(11)put on(上演；穿上；戴上)， put up(挂起；举起)， put down(把某物放下来)，put away(把某物收起来), put off(推迟)‎ ‎(12)take off(脱掉衣服)， take photos(照相)， take time(花费时间)，‎ take out(取出)，take a seat(坐下)， take an active part in(积极参加)，‎ take care of(照顾；照料；注意)， take exercise(做运动)，‎ take one’s place(坐某人的位置；代替某人的职务)， take turn(轮流)‎ ‎(13)talk about(谈话；交谈)， talk with(和……交谈)‎ ‎(14)turn on(打开电灯，收音机，煤气，自来水等)，‎ turn off(关上电灯，收音机，煤气，自来水等)，‎ turn down(关小；调低)， turn…over(把…..翻过来)‎ ‎(15)think of(认为；想起)， think about(考虑)‎ ‎【语法过关】 ‎ ‎1-Do you like the music "the Moonlight Sonata"?‎ ‎-Yes, it ______ really beautiful.‎ ‎. feels  B. sounds  C. listens  D. hears ‎2．Bill might phone while I'm out this evening. If he ______, could you take a message?‎ A. does  B. might  C. phoned  D. will 3.Alice, we are going to spend our holiday in Canada or, if you ______, we can go to China instead.‎ A. hope  B. wish  C. prefer  D. agree ‎4.He is so careless that he always______ his school things at home.‎ A. forgets  B. forgot  C. leaves  D. left ‎5.I bought a new dictionary and it ______me 30 yuan,‎ A. paid  B. spent  C. took  D. cost ‎6.I have to go now. Please remember to______ the lights when you leave,‎ A. turn off  B. turn down  C turn up  D. turn on ‎7.--- all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there.‎ ‎---OK, Mom.‎ Put up  B. Put on  C. Put down  D. Put away ‎8.—How do you go to work every day?‎ ‎—I______ on my bicycle.‎ A. ride  B. drive  C. take  D. walk ‎9.—Oh, you painted the walls yourself?‎ ‎— Yes. It was not hard. The whole work didn't_______ much.‎ A. want  B. cost  C. spend  D. pay ‎10.—One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.‎ ‎—Right. The government spoke _______ that.‎ highly for  B. high of  C. well of  D. highly of ‎11.—There is a ticket on the floor, is it yours?‎ ‎—Oh, yes, it's mine.‎ ‎—Let me______ for you.‎ to pick up it  B. to pick it up  C. pick up it  D. pick it up ‎12.—May I _____ your Chinese- English dictionary?‎ ‎—Sony, I______ it at home.‎ borrow, forgot  B. lend, left  C. lend, forgot  D. borrow, left ‎13.—Your sweater looks nice, is it______ wool?‎ ‎—Yes, and it's______ Inner Mongolia.‎ A. made of, made by  B. made of, made in  C. made by, made for  D. made by, made from ‎14.—Don't you think you should paint the wall?‎ ‎—Who would ________?‎ A. see  B. look  C. watch  D. notice ‎15. 1 don't_______ what to do at all. You can decide yourself.‎ want  B. mind  C. like  D. have ‎16.. It's really not easy to catch up with my classmates. Whenever I wanted to_______, my teacher always encouraged me to work harder.‎ go on  B. turn down  C. give back  D. give up ‎17.. The doctor _____ the child carefully and found that there was nothing serious with him.‎ looked over  B. looked at  C. looked after  D. looked for ‎18.. It's too dark here . Please ___________ the light.‎ A. turn back  B. turn down  C. turn on  D. turn off ‎19. --- Where can we get a football?‎ ‎--- Let's ___________.‎ A. lend Jim one    B. lend one to Jim   C. borrow one from Jim    D. borrow one of Jim ‎20. Tom, please help me ___ the picture on the wall.‎ A. put up  B. put on  C. put off  D. put into ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎1.B 上文说的是"音乐"，说"feels"美，不合逻辑；用"listens"和"hears"都与后面的"beautiful"不相适应。"sounds beautiful"才符合英文的表达习惯。‎ ‎2.A 这里的"does"用于代替前面的动词"phone"，是为了避免重复。（如用C. phoned，就重了，不符合英文表达习惯。）‎ ‎3.C．"hope, wish"意思相近，肯定不妥，"agree"又与句中的"or"不相适应。"prefer"有"更喜欢"的意思，与句意吻合。‎ ‎4.C 。forget与 leave 两个词都有"遗留"的意思，leave 多指把但是遗留在什么地方，后面常接表示场所的词，forget后面则不能接表场所的词。‎ ‎5.D 主语是"物"时，多用"cost"。‎ ‎6.A turn off，"关闭"；turn on，意思是"打开"。‎ ‎7.D Put up举起，张贴，建造；Put on穿上，戴上；Put down记下，写下；Put away收起来放好