中考英语直接引语和间接引语一轮专题目复习7 10页

直接引语与间接引语 ‎（一）概念介绍：直接引语是直接引述别人的原话。间接引语是转述别人所说的话。‎ eg .‎ He said , “ I am glad to have a chance to talk with you . ”（直接引语）‎ He said that he was glad to have a chance to talk with me .（间接引语）‎ ‎（二）转换方法：‎ A. 直接引语是陈述句时，改成间接引语要作人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语、指示代词、动词、呼语等方面的变化。‎ ‎1. 人称的变化，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。‎ eg .‎ He said , “ I’ve left my book in your room . ” 他说：“我把我的书落在了你的房间。”‎ He told me that he had left his book in my room . 他告诉我他把他的书落在了我的房间。‎ She said , “ He will be busy . ” 她说，“他将很忙。”‎ She said that he would be busy . 她说他将很忙。‎ ‎2. 时态变化：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，若将直接引语变成间接引语，时态则有如下变化。‎ 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变）‎ 一般将来时 过去将来时 eg .‎ ‎（1）He said , “ I usually do sport in the morning . ” 他说，“我经常在早晨锻炼身体。”‎ ‎    He said that he usually did sport in the morning . 他说他经常在早晨锻炼身体。‎ ‎（2）Tom told me , “ I am playing computer games now . ” ‎ ‎  汤姆告诉我，“我现在正在打电子游戏。”‎ ‎ Tom told me that he was playing computer games then . ‎ ‎ 汤姆告诉我他那时正在打电子游戏。‎ ‎（3）She said , “ I have seen the interesting film . ” ‎ ‎  她说，“我已经看过那部有趣的电影了。”‎ ‎ She said that she had seen the interesting film . 她说她已经看过那部有趣的电影了。‎ ‎（4）He told me , “ I travelled to several African countries . ” ‎ ‎  他告诉我，“我去过非洲的好几个国家旅游。”‎ ‎ He told me that he had travelled to several African countries .‎ ‎ 他告诉我他已去过非洲的好几个国家旅游。‎ ‎（5）Jack said to us , “ A group of foreigners will visit our school . ”‎ ‎ 杰克对我们说，“一个外国访问团将来我校参观。”‎ ‎ Jack told us that a group of foreigners would visit our school .‎ ‎ 杰克告诉我们一个外国访问团将来我校参观。‎ ‎3. 时间状语的变化：‎ ‎（1）now→then （2）today→that day ‎ ‎（3）tonight→that night （4）this week→that week ‎（5）yesterday→the day before （6）yesterday evening→the evening before ‎（7）last week→the week before （8）three days ago→three days before ‎（9）tomorrow→the next / following day ‎（10）tomorrow morning→the next morning ‎（11）next week→the next week （12）in two months→two months after ‎（13）the day after tomorrow→two days later eg .‎ ‎（1）They said , “ we are having an exam now . ” 他们说，“我们正在考试。”‎ ‎ They said that they were have an exam then . 他们说那时他们正在考试。‎ ‎（2）John told me , “ About 5,000 people went to the concert yesterday . ”‎ ‎ 约翰告诉我，“昨天大约有5000人去看音乐会了。”‎ ‎ John told me that about 5,000 people had been to the concert the day before .‎ ‎ 约翰告诉我头一天大约有5000人去看了音乐会。‎ ‎（3）The farmer said , “ we will have a good harvest next year . ”‎ ‎ 农民说，“明年我们将会有个大丰收。”‎ ‎ The farmer said that they would have a good harvest the next year .‎ ‎ 农民说他们转年将会有个大丰收。‎ ‎ 4. 地点状语的变化：here→there eg .‎ Mary said , “ we will have a press conference here tomorrow .”‎ 玛丽说，“明天我们将在这里举办一个记者招待会。”‎ Mary said that they would have a press conference there the next day .‎ 玛丽说他们转天将在那里举办一个记者招待会。‎ ‎ 5. 指示代词的变化：this→that；these→those eg .‎ ‎（1）Mary said to me , “ You can take this book . ” 玛丽说，“你可以拿这本书。”‎ ‎ Mary told me that I could take that book . 玛丽告诉我，我可以拿那本书。‎ ‎（2）The teacher said to Jack , “ You must copy these new words three times .” ‎ ‎ 老师对杰克说，“你必须把这些新单词抄三遍。”‎ ‎ The teacher told Jack that he had to copy those new words three times .‎ ‎ 老师告诉杰克他必须把那些新单词抄三遍。‎ ‎ 6. 动词的变化：come→go；bring→take eg .‎ ‎（1）Uncle wang said , “ I will come to mend your machine next week . ”‎ ‎ 王叔叔说，“我下周将来修理你的机器。”‎ ‎ Uncle wang said that he would go to mend my machine the next week .‎ ‎ 王叔叔说他转过周来将去修理我的机器。‎ ‎（2）Mary said , “ Every time I go to my aunt’s , I will bring some fresh fruit to her .”‎ ‎ 玛丽说，“每次我去我的姑姑家，我都要给她带一些新鲜的水果。”‎ ‎ Mary said that every time she went to her aunt’s , She would take some fresh fruit to her . 玛丽说每一次她去她的姑姑家，她都要给她带一些新鲜的水果。‎ B. 直接引语是疑问句时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，同样地，主语的人称、时态、状语等也要做相应的变化。‎ ‎▲ 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。‎ ‎▲ 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的特殊疑问词来作连词。‎ ‎▲ 主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked。‎ ‎▲ 没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语。如me，him等。‎ ‎▲ 从句用陈述语序。‎ eg .‎ ‎（1）He said , “ Do you understand ? ” 他问，“你理解吗？”‎ ‎ He asked me if / whether I understood . 他问我是否我理解了。‎ ‎（2）He asked me , “ Which part of China impresses you most ? ”‎ ‎ 他问我，“中国的哪一个地方给你留下的印象最深刻？”‎ ‎ He asked me which part of China impressed me most .‎ ‎ 他问我中国的哪一个地方给我留下的印象最深刻。‎ C. 直接引语是祈使句时，间接引语可变为以下形式：‎ sb（not）to do sth eg .‎ ‎（1）He said to Dr. Bethune , “ Don’t go on operating any more . ”‎ ‎ 他对白求恩大夫说，“不要再进行手术了。”‎ ‎ He told Dr. Bethune not to go on operating any more .‎ ‎ 他告诉白求恩大夫不要再进行手术了。‎ ‎（2）She said to us , “ Please have a rest . ” 她对我们说，“请休息一下。”‎ ‎ She asked us to have a rest . 她请我们休息一下。‎ 一. 完型填空：‎ I think everyone should see Sundays in Kashgar（喀什噶尔） 1 least once . Kashgar 2 “ the pearl on the Ancient Silk Road ” . I arrived there early in the morning 3 it was still dark . With the stalls（摊位）here and there , the streets 4 . More and more horses , donkeys and sheep slowly entered the market , followed 5 farmers and herdsmen（牧民）. Kashgar bazaars（市场）are famous 6 knives . Kashgar is also a hat-making centre . On each side of the streets were some blacksmiths’（铁匠）shops . The sound from them ‎7 in the streets . Hand-made goods were 8 sale . I picked some kebabs（烤肉串）for my 9 . 10 I was eating , I was watching some Uighur（维吾尔族的）girls dancing . It was a very enjoyable experience . I will never forget the trip .‎ ‎（ ）1. A. for B. at C. on D. less ‎（ ）2. A. was called B. called C. was calling D. calls ‎（ ）3. A. but B. while C. although D. since ‎（ ）4. A. were crowding B. crowded C. were crowded D. was crowded ‎（ ）5. A. with B. as C. over D. by ‎（ ）6. A. with B. as C. over D. for ‎（ ）7. A. could be heard B. can be heard C. could hear D. can hear ‎（ ）8. A. for B. on C. at D. under ‎（ ）9. A. dinner B. food C. drink D. breakfast ‎（ ）10. A. By B. On C. Around D. While 二. 阅读理解：‎ When I left college , I became a doctor . But I always wanted to travel , and so I made several voyages as a ship’s doctor . After I got married , I stayed at home . As I could not find a good job in my hometown , I decided to go to sea again . This time I joined a ship sailing（航行）to the islands in the South Pacific Ocean（南太平洋）. At first , everything went well . We sailed across the Atlantic（大西洋）, round the coast（海岸，沿岸）of Africa and into the Indian Ocean . But one day , a strong storm hit us and pushed our ship on a rock . The ship was broken in two . I got on a small boat and rowed towards the land . Suddenly a big wave hit it , I fell into the ocean again . I struggled（搏斗；努力）to swim , keeping my head above water . I didn’t know how many hours had passed before my feet touched land . I was so tired that I lay down and fell asleep .‎ The next morning , when I woke up , I found that both my hands and feet were fixed to the ground . My long hair was tied to the ground , too . I … I couldn’t move .‎ ‎1. What’s the meaning of the word “ voyage ” in the passage ? ‎ A. A long journey on a train . B. A long journey on a ship .‎ C. A long journey on a bus . D. A long journey on a plane .‎ ‎2. Why did he decide to go to sea again ?‎ A. Because he wanted to travel . B. Because he would go to the South Pacific Ocean .‎ C. Because he had got married . D. Because he wanted to earn more money .‎ ‎3. What was his sailing route（航行路线）?‎ A. The South Pacific Ocean→the Atlantic→the coast of Africa→the Indian Ocean .‎ B. The Atlantic→the coast of Africa→the Indian Ocean→the South Pacific Ocean .‎ C. The coast of Africa→the Indian Ocean→the South Pacific Ocean→the Atlantic .‎ D. The Indian Ocean→the South Pacific Ocean→the Atlantic→the coast of Africa .‎ ‎4. What didn’t happen to their ship ?‎ A. A storm hit it . B. A big wave hit it .‎ C. The ship knocked into a rock . D. The ship sank .‎ ‎5. How did the man get on to the land ?‎ A. A small boat took him to the land . B. He rowed to the land .‎ C. He swam to the land . D. He didn’t know how he got to the land .‎ 三. 综合填空：‎ The Great Lakes along the border（边境）of the USA and Canada are famous and important . They m 1 the largest bodies of fresh water on our E 2 . For thousands and thousands of years people had lived h 3 beside the Lakes until in the twentieth century the two c 4 started to build factories along the shores . From these f 5 came tons and tons of waste into the Lakes , which soon p 6 the water . Once the Lakes were polluted and the ecosystem was made w 7 , people were worried . They tried very hard to s 8 the problem and to make the things right again . As a result , the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory was b 9 and a lot of research work was c 10 out . Today , people who live around the Great Lake have learned h 11 important it is to keep the ecosystem of the Great Lakes healthy and strong .‎ 四. 选择填空：‎ ‎1. — Who’s going to take care of the baby during the holiday ?‎ ‎ — .‎ ‎ A. It’s Barren B. It’s Barren’s C. Barren does D. Barren is ‎2. How much did he the apples ?‎ ‎ A. pay for B. return to C. spend for D. look for ‎ ‎3. — with the fish ? — I’ve cooked it .‎ A. Have you played B. What have you done C. Is there anything wrong D. What did you have ‎4. Here some eggs . Please help yourself to .‎ ‎ A. it B. that C. one D. them ‎5. How many can you see on the island ?‎ ‎ A. house B. building C. tree D. people ‎ ‎6. — My son is in trouble . — ?‎ A. What’s that B. What does he do ‎ C. What happened D. What does he say ‎7. He’s taught maths in this school two years ago .‎ ‎ A. before B. since C. about D. after ‎8. In a few days the teacher found a very good student .‎ ‎ A. his is B. his C. him D. he ‎9. — Could I speak to Lucy , please ? — Sorry , she to the school library .‎ ‎ A. is going B. has gone C. has been D. go ‎10. What a cold day when we stopped at the village ?‎ ‎ A. was it B. is it C. it was D. it is ‎11. The girls each a good drink from the modern thermos .‎ ‎ A. has B. have C. needs D. are ‎12. Mr. Bill was always ready to help others . He was .‎ ‎ A. kind-heart B. kind-hearing C. kind-hearted D. kinded-heart ‎13. The sun is brighter that in the universe .‎ ‎ A. any star B. any a star C. all the other stars D. all of stars ‎14. They like to others football .‎ ‎ A. watch … playing B. see … played C. have a look … play D. look … to play ‎15. More and more buildings in Guangzhou now .‎ ‎ A. were built B. have built C. is built D. are being built ‎16. In winter , when clothes are washed , they don’t .‎ ‎ A. dry easier B. dry easiest C. dry easily D. be dried easy ‎ ‎17. She was trying her new coat when someone knocked at the door .‎ ‎ A. out B. in C. on D. up ‎18. The People’s Republic of China was on October 1st , 1949 .‎ ‎ A. found B. founded C. finded D. put ‎19. She was heard last Saturday .‎ ‎ A. sing B. song C. to singing D. to sing ‎20. Neither Tom nor Bill and Jack planting the trees at ten o’clock yesterday morning .‎ ‎ A. were B. was C. are D. is ‎21. Lucy is waiting No. 233 bus stop her father .‎ ‎ A. at ...for B. on … at C. for … for D. for … at ‎ ‎22. — Must we clean and tidy our bedroom this .‎ ‎           — No , you .‎ ‎ A. won’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t ‎23. I was reading the magazine my sister was watching TV .‎ ‎ A. because B. before C. while D. after ‎24. They a map of the world on the wall just now .‎ ‎ A. hanging B. hung C. hanged D. hang ‎25. Could you tell me get to the bus stop ?‎ A. how can I B. have could I C. how I could D. how I can ‎ 五. 不改变A句的意思，完成下列各句：‎ ‎1. Russian is not the first language in China , Japan or Germany .‎ ‎ Russian is the first language in of countries .‎ ‎2. Salt is produced in east and south China .‎ ‎ People in east and south China .‎ ‎3. Alice pointed at a strange bird . The thing had three wings .‎ ‎ Alice pointed a strange bird three wings .‎ ‎4. Every time when Tommy sees the thermos , he will like to have a drink .‎ ‎ The thermos Tommy feel .‎ ‎5. In 1996 , the number of the students of our school was more than 2,000 .‎ ‎ In 1996 , the number of the students of our school 2,000 .‎ ‎6. Very many young people from all parts of the city came to the stadium .‎ ‎ young people from all parts of the city came to the stadium .‎ ‎7. The big hall was full of empty boxes .‎ ‎ The big hall was empty boxes .‎ ‎8. They always make friends with each other after fight .‎ ‎ They always friends again after fight .‎ ‎9. Can I help you , sir ?‎ ‎ can I do you , sir ?‎ ‎10. Miss Rose said to Hill , “ Will you have a ball next Sunday evening ? ”‎ Miss Rose asked Hill he have a ball next Sunday evening ? ‎ 六. 下列各句中的A、B、C、D四个选项中，有一个是错误的，请找出来，并加以改正：‎ ‎1. It was happened in 1996 .‎ ‎ A B C  D ‎2. The moon has be visited by man already .‎ ‎ A B C D ‎3. Thanks for computers we can do problems quickly .‎ ‎ A B C D ‎4. Under Mr. Thoma’s help , Jim passed the French exam .‎ ‎ A B C D ‎5. The playground in our school keeps clean all the time .‎ ‎ A B C D ‎6. The Greens have lived in German for over fifteen years .‎ ‎ A B C D ‎7. When did you reach at the village ?‎ ‎ A B C D ‎8. This kind of bicycles is made from metal .‎ ‎ A B C D ‎9. I am watching TV when my father got home .‎ ‎ A B C D ‎10. A car runs slowlier than a train .‎ ‎ A B C D 七. 将下列直接引语改为间接引语：‎ ‎1. The boy said , “ I am only eight years old . ”‎ ‎2. She said , “ There are no lights in the room . ”‎ ‎3. The boy said , “ I saw the tracks of a lost camel .”‎ ‎4. The teacher said , “ Tom is a good student . ”‎ ‎5. They said , “ We will never give in . ”‎ ‎6. The man asked me , “ Are you afraid ? ”‎ ‎7. The girl said to John , “ Is your deskmate right ? ”‎ ‎8. He asked me , “ Have you read today’s paper ? ”‎ ‎9. He said to me , “ Did you like to play football ? ”‎ ‎10. John said , “ Did Mary pass the exam last week ? ”‎ ‎11. Yu Ying asked , “ Who has taken my umbrella ? ”‎ ‎12. The teacher asked , “ Why does he have so many strange questions ? ”‎ ‎13. She asked , “ When will they start building a physics lab ? ”‎ ‎14. He asked me , “ Where did you spend your holidays this year ? ”‎ ‎15. The two men asked the Arab , “ What have you done with our goods ? ”‎ ‎16. Mother said , “ Wash your hands before meals . ”‎ ‎17. Li Hong said to her , “ Please tell me what happened . ”‎ ‎18. Wang said , “ Don’t keep me waiting for a long time , Li Hua . ”‎ ‎19. His mother said to him , “ Don’t play with fire . ”‎ ‎20. He said to us , “ Get out of my way . ”‎ 参考答案 一.‎ ‎ 1—5 BABCD 6—10 DABDD 二.‎ ‎ 1—5 BABDC ‎ ‎ 三.‎ ‎1. make 2. Earth 3. healthily 4. countries 5. factories 6. polluted ‎7. wrong 8. solve 9. built 10. carried 11. how 四.‎ ‎ 1—5 DABDD 6—10 CBCBC 11—15 BCCAD ‎ 16—20 CCBDA 21—25 ADCBD ‎ 五.‎ ‎1. none , these 2. produce , salt 3. at , with 4. makes , thirsty 5. was , over ‎6. Lots , of 7. filled , with 8. are或become , a 9. what , for 10. if , would 六.‎ ‎1. B去掉was 2. B be→been 3. A for→to 4. A Under→With ‎ ‎5. B keeps→is kept 6. B German→Germany 7. D 去掉at 8. C is→are ‎9. A am→was 10. B slowlier→more slowly 七.‎ ‎1. The boy said that he was only eight years old .‎ ‎2. She said that there were no lights in the room .‎ ‎3. The boy said that he had seen the tracks of a lost camel .‎ ‎4. The teacher said that Tom was a good student .‎ ‎5. They said they will never give in .‎ ‎6. The man asked me if I was afraid .‎ ‎7. The girl asked John if his deskmate was right .‎ ‎8. He asked me if I had read that day’s paper .‎ ‎9. He asked me if I liked to play football .‎ ‎10. John asked if Mary had passed the exam the week before .‎ ‎11. Yu Ying asked who had taken her umbrella .‎ ‎12. The teacher asked why he had so many strange questions .‎ ‎13. She asked when they would start building a physics lab .‎ ‎14. He asked me where I spent me holidays that year .‎ ‎15. The two men asked the Arab what he had done with their goods .‎ ‎16. Mother told me to wash my hands before meals .‎ ‎17. Li Hong asked her to tell her what had happened .‎ ‎18. Wang told Li Hua not to keep him waiting for a long time .‎ ‎19. His mother told him not to play with fire .‎ ‎20. He ordered us to get out of his way .‎