中考总复习动词时态 11页

动词时态 一、一般现在时：‎ ‎1.表示习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态。‎ ‎2.谓语：主语是单三，谓语就是单三（常加s/es);主 语是其它，谓语为原形。改为一般疑问句时，需在句首用助动词Do / Does，然后动词转换为原形；改为否定句时在主语后加don't / doesn't，动词用原形. (be动词除外)‎ ‎3.动词单数第三人称构成方式：‎ ‎①一般在词尾后加s。例如:play---plays enjoy---enjoys buy---buys ②以s,sh, ch , o结尾的加es. 例如: pass / wash / brush / teach / watch / go / do. ③以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i,在加es.例如：study / worry / fly ...④特殊情况: be---is have ---has ‎4.常与often / usually / never / sometimes / always / seldom / on Sundays / everyday/ once a week等时间状语连用。5主将从现，if / as soon as / when等引导的状语从句或表示普遍真理、客观存在的句子中。‎ A.用所给动词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎1. We'll stay at home if it ________(rain) tomorrow.‎ ‎2.I'll tell him the news as soon as he _____(come) back.‎ ‎3.Don't get off the bus until it_______(stop).‎ ‎4.The teacher told us that the earth_____(go) around the sun.‎ B．选择填空 ‎2.The children will climb the hill if it ____ tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. won't rain B. didn't rain C. doesn't rain D. isn't raining ‎3. ---I’m sorry that John is out. ---Please ask him to call me as soon as he _______.‎ ‎ A. come B.comes C. came D. will come ‎7.I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. want to know B. don't know C. think D. ask ‎8.Why don't you go with me ?‎ ‎ A. Why not to go B. Why not going C. Why not go D. Why go ‎9. The boy is able to draw a nice cat in five minutes.‎ ‎ A. may B. can C. will D. must 二、现在进行时:‎ ‎1.表示正在进行或发生的动作。‎ ‎2.谓语构成是:be+动词的ing形式。‎ ‎3.动词的ing构成方式有以下几种：‎ ‎①一般在词尾后加ing。 例如：play / sleep / go ...‎ ‎②以e结尾的取e,再加ing。 例如：leave / make / have ...‎ ‎③重读闭音节词，先双写结尾辅音字母，再加ing。 例如：forget / swim / run / begin ...‎ ‎④ie结尾的变ie为y，再加ing。 例如：lie / tie / die ‎4.当句中出现 "Look ! " ; " Listen !" ; "Don't make any noise !"等时，多与进行时连用。‎ ‎5. 表示反复出现的动作，常表示说话人的某种感情如赞扬、厌烦等，常和always连用。‎ ‎①Mr. Green is very kind, he is always thinking of others.‎ ‎②When Edison was young, he was always asking so many strange questions.‎ ‎6.表示位置移动的词，如go , come , leave , arrive等常用进行时表示将来，一般同表将来的时间状语连用。‎ ‎①---Where are you going? ---To the shop.‎ ‎②---When are you leaving for Beijing? ---Sometime next week.‎ ‎③---Supper is ready, Linda!---Oh, I'm coming.‎ ‎7. Here /there 开头时，常用一般现在时，表示正在进行。如：Look! Here comes the school bus. Listen! There goes the bell.‎ A.填空 1. Look! The boys ___________ (play) football on the playground.‎ ‎2. It's Seven o'clock now . The Smiths _________(have) breakfast.‎ ‎3. Don't make any noise ! Your father ________(sleep).‎ ‎4.Be quiet ! The students of Class 2 ________(have) an English class.‎ ‎5. Look! There is a pet dog ____(躺) on the ground. Let’s go and play with it.‎ B．选择填空 ‎( )1.---Peter , could you come and help me in the kitchen, please? ‎ ‎---Sorry, mum, I ____Lily with her English.‎ ‎ A. help B. helped C. have helped D. am helping ‎( )2.---Excuse me, where is Lily? ---Oh, she ___the volleyball match on the playground.‎ ‎ A. watches B. will watch C. is watching D. watched ‎( )3.Look! here ______the bus!‎ ‎ A. come B. coming C. to come D. comes 三、一般过去时 ‎1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。变为疑问句时，需在句首用 助动词Did,然后动词转换为原形；改为否定句时，在主语后加didn't，然后动词转换为原形。（be动词除外).‎ ‎2.常与yesterday / just now / last year / in 1964 / three days ago连用或since引导的从句。‎ ‎3.行为动词的过去式构成方式：‎ ‎①一般在词尾加ed。如：help---helped ‎ ‎②以e结尾的加d。如：like---liked ‎③重读闭音节词，先双写结尾辅音字母再加ed。‎ 如：stop---stopped travel---travelled shop---shopped plan---planned ④以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再ed.如：carry---carried study---studied worry---worried hurry---hurried ‎4.常用不规则行为动词的过去式：‎ A.填空:‎ ‎1. It's a long time since we ______(meet) last. ‎ ‎2. ---____you ____(have) a good time last night? ---Yes, thanks.‎ ‎3.---Have you ever been to the Great Wall before? ---Yes, I ______(go) there last spring.‎ ‎4.---When ______you ______(find) your lost bike? ---Half an hour ago.‎ ‎5. His parents ______(die) two years ago. Now he lives alone.‎ 四、一般将来时 ‎1.表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，‎ ‎2.谓语构成：will+动词原形或be going to +动词原形。一般疑问句常提前Will,如果主语为第一人称时，需提前Shall，否定句will+not，缩写为won't. ‎ ‎3.常与tomorrow / next week / this evening / in three days / sometime next ‎ week等时间状语连用。‎ 注意：‎ ‎①在问对方是否愿意，或表示客气的邀请或命令时，常用 Will you please (not) do sth?,回答时应为:Yes, I will / No, I won't.‎ ‎②There be 的将来时为:There will be... / There is (are)going to be. ‎ A.选择填空 ‎( )1.---Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? ---There___an NBA basketball match in ten minutes. ‎ ‎ A. will have B. are going to be C. will be D. is going to have ‎ ‎2.I don't know if it ______ tomorrow. If it ______, I'll stay at home.‎ ‎ A. rains ; rains B. will rain ; will rain C. rains ; will rain D. will rain; rains ‎3.---Jim ,can you help me to wash the dishes ? ---Sorry, Dad. I _______to the shop.‎ ‎ A. go B. went C. am going D.have gone ‎4.---Will you please ______with fire? ---Sorry, I won’t.‎ A. don’t play B.not play C.not to play D. not playing ‎5. ---Don’t play football in the street. ---_______.‎ ‎ A.I won’t B. I mustn’t C.I can’t D. I don’t ‎6. ---How soon _____your father ______back home? ---In half an hour.‎ ‎ A. did ; come B. will ; come C.are ; coming D. has ; come 五、过去进行时 ‎1.表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作.‎ ‎2.谓语构成：was / were+动词的现在分词。‎ ‎3.常用的时间状语有at eight last night ; at this time yesterday ; when / while 引导的时间状语从句。‎ A．选择填空 ‎1.What _____ you ______(do) at this time yesterday?‎ ‎2. I _______ (draw) a horse when the teacher came in.‎ ‎3.While we ____________(talk), the teacher came in.‎ ‎( )4 I ________ when he knocked at the door..‎ ‎ A. are sleeping B. was sleeping C. slept D. sleep ‎( )5.---I called you at 7:30 yesterday evening, but there was no reply.‎ ‎ ---Sorry. I _____ dinner with my friends.‎ ‎ A. had B. was having C. have had D. had had ‎( )6. When I got there, he _____them to dance.‎ ‎ A. is teaching B. teaches C. was teaching D. taught 六、 现在完成时 ‎1.谓语构成：have / has +动词的过去分词.否定式在助动词后加not，而疑问句则将have/has提至主语之前。‎ ‎2.现在完成式的基本用法是：‎ ‎① 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already / yet / ever / never / just / before / so far等连用。---Have you had your lunch yet? ‎ ‎---Yes, I have. I've just had it.‎ 注意：如果强调事情发生的具体时间或地点，一定要用一般过去时。如：---Have you ever been to Beijing?‎ ‎---Yes, I went there last spring.‎ ‎②表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for+时间段或since＋时间点或since+从句（一般过去时）; in the last / past few years(在过去几年间)等时间状语连用。动词要用延续性动词。‎ I have known Li Lei for three years. They have lived here since 1998. She has taught here since I came to this school. Great Changes have taken place in the past ten years.‎ ‎3.常用的瞬间动词与与连续性动转化有：‎ die---be dead buy---have borrow---keep leave---be away (from) open---be open ‎ join---be a member of / be in… start / begin---be on close---be closed catch a cold---have a cold ‎ come / go---be+ 副词 / be in / at+ 名词become---be get married---be married ‎ 注意：①短暂性动词常用于过去时或用于It is +时间段 ＋since引导的时间状语从句(短暂性动词的过去时)。‎ ‎②延续性动词常用于现在完成时。‎ ‎3. have / has been to 与have / has gone to的区别。‎ have / has been to表示曾经去过某地，现在已经回来；have / has gone to表示现在去某地了，还没有回来。‎ Where's Jim ? He's gone to England with his family.‎ Though Bruce is young, he has been to many countries.‎ 选择 ‎( )1. ---How clean the bedroom is! ---Yes, I’m sure that someone _____it. ‎ A. cleans B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. had cleaned ‎( )2. ---Would you like to go to the cinema with me ? ---I am sorry I ______it twice.‎ ‎ A. see B. will see C. have seen D. am seeing ‎( )3. His grandfather _____ for thirty years.‎ A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died ‎( )4. His brother _________ the club for two years.‎ ‎ A. has joined B. has been in C. joined D. had joined ‎ ‎( )5.I _______ from my brother for a long time.‎ ‎ A. haven't heard B. don't heard C. won't heard D. isn't heard ‎( )6.---What a wonderful dictionary! How long ____you_____it? ---Just for a week.‎ A. have ; bought B. did ; buy C. are ; having D. have ; had ‎( )7.--Kate, shall we go back to our hometown tomorrow?---Good idea! We _____ for two years.‎ ‎ A. have left B. have been away C.left D. will leave ‎( )8.He has _____ for three or four days.‎ ‎ A. got a headache B. fallen ill C. caught a cold D. had a cold ‎( )9.---I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I ____ here for only a few minutes.‎ ‎ A. have been C. had been C. was D. will be ‎( )10.My parents _______ Shangdong for ten years.‎ ‎ A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. went to ‎( )11.---How long have you ____the book?---For two weeks. ‎ A. borrowed B. kept C. lent D. returned ‎( )12.---Do you know Jack well? ---Certainly. We _____ friends since ten years ago.‎ ‎ A. were B. have made C. have become D. have been ‎( )13.---May I speak to Mr. Green? ---Sorry, he __London. But he'll be back in two days.‎ ‎ A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. went to.‎ ‎( )14. ---How long have you been in this city, Mr. Smith?---It _____ ten years since I came here.‎ ‎ A. is B. was C. will be D. may be 七、过去完成时 ‎1.表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。2.谓语构成：had+动词的过去分词。3.过去完成时的时间状语主要有by ,before 构成的短语，如：by the end of last term或when , before, after 引导的从句。‎ ‎1.When I got there, the bus ____already _____(leave).‎ ‎2.He said he ____________(see) the film before.‎ ‎3.By the end of last term, we ________(learn) 1,000 new words.‎ ‎( )4. The pop singers _____when I got to the music hall last night. What a pity!‎ A. have left B. were left C. had left D. left ‎( )5.We _______ four books by the end of last term.‎ ‎ A. have learned B. has learnt C. had learned D. learned ‎ 各种时态综合应用 ‎( )1.We will have our sports meeting if it ___ tomorrow. ‎ A. won't rain B. didn't rain C. doesn't rain D. isn't raining ‎( )2.I won't go to see the film tonight, because I _____my ticket already.‎ A. lost B. have lost C. had lost D. am lost ‎( )3.She _______in Beijing for twenty years.‎ A. is living B.has lived C. had lived D. lives ‎( )6.Look ! The children ______ games near the lake.‎ ‎ A.is playing B. are playing C.play D. plays ‎( )7.---Have you ever been to Beijing ? ---Yes, I _______there last spring.‎ A. have gone B. went C. had gone D. will go ‎( )8. My father has been in Shanghai for 15 days. He ____back in 5 days.‎ A. will be B. have been C. had been D. is ‎( )9.---When will you tell him the good news? ---I will tell him about it as soon as he _____ back.‎ ‎ A. comes B. come C. will come D. has come ‎( )10.The teacher said light ________faster than sound.‎ ‎ A. travel B. travels C. travelled D. is travelled ‎( )11.By the end of last term, we _______ 1.000 words.‎ ‎ A. have learned B. has learnt C. had learned D. learned ‎ ‎( )12.She ______a book when I went to see her last night. ‎ A. are reading B. is reading C. was reading D. were reading ‎( )14.---Where's Jim? ---He _____ to Shanghai. He’ll be back in a week.‎ A. has been B. has gone C .had been D. had gone ‎( )15. ---When ____you ______ the dictionary? ---In 1998. A. had ; bought B. has ; bought ‎ C. did ; buy D. were ; buying ‎( )16.My uncle ____in that street since he came to this city. ‎ A. has lived B. is living C. had lived D. lived ‎( )17.There ____ a football match in our school tomorrow. ‎ ‎ A.is going to have B. will have C. will hold D. is going to be ‎( )19. It____ ten years since we last _____ in Beijing.‎ ‎ A. was ;met B. has been ;met C. was ;met D. is ;meet ‎( )20. I _____Canada twice. It’s so beautiful.‎ ‎ A. have gone B. have been C. went D. came ‎( )21. My father went to Shanghai yesterday. He ____back in two weeks.‎ A. comes B. has come C. will come D. came ‎( )22.---Is your father a Party member?‎ ‎ ---Yes, he _____ the Party three years ago. He _____ a Party member for three years.‎ ‎ A. has joined ; has been B. joined ; has been C. joined ; was D. was joined ; is ‎