中考英语复习资料2016中考英语必背词语辨析20组必考词组句型100例 23页

中考英语复习资料：2016中考英语必背词语辨析20组+必考词组、句型100例 中考英语必背词语辨析20组 导读：在英语考试中，很多词语容易被大家混淆，中考试题考查词语辨析主要是每组词或短语之间的细小差别，是为了检测同学们辨别词形和运用词汇的能力，下面我们来盘点中考英语必背20组词语辨析，希望对大家有所帮助。‎ 词语辨析集中在对实词，即对名词动词、形容词、副词等的考查，主要考查同义、近义、形近词汇的辨析以及词组与习惯用法的辨析。‎ ‎1. after, in 这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思?‎ after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子中?如：She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的?‎ in 以现在为起点，表将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子中?如：She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走?‎ ‎2. how long, how often, how soon how long指多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问?如：How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?‎ how often指每隔多久，主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问?如：—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次?‎ how soon指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问?如：How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?‎ ‎3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some few 和little的意思是否定的，表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的，表示“有一些，有一点儿”?‎ few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词?‎ several用于修饰可数名词，语意比a few和some更肯定，含有“好几个”的意思?‎ some可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，从数量上说，它有时相当于a few 或 a little,有时指更多一些的数量?‎ ‎4. the other, another the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”，表示特指?如：We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我们站在街这边，他们站在那边?‎ another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”，表示泛指，所以常用来指至少三个中的一个?如：She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书?‎ ‎5. spend, take, cost, pay spend的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中，句子的主语必须是人，而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语?如：She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书?‎ take常常用来指“花费”时间，句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如：How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间?‎ cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等，只能用表示事物的词做主语，并且不能用于被动语态?如：How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?‎ pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如：I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金?‎ ‎6. speak, say, talk, tell 这四个动词都有“说”的意思?speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”，着重指说话的动作，指开口说或连续不断地说，多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时，其宾语是语言名称?如：He can speak Japanese. 他会说日语?‎ say的意思是“说;讲”，一般用作及物动词，着重指说话的内容?它的宾语可以是名词?代词或直接引语等?如：She says, “Don’t draw on the wall!”她说：“别在墙上画画!”‎ talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话”，与speak意义比较接近，但不如speak正式，着重强调两人之间的相互谈话，也可指单方面的谈话?如：She is talking with John in English。她正在和约翰用英语交谈?‎ tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”，多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人，常接双宾语?除了story, news, truth, joke, lie(谎言)等直接宾语外，还可以接人等间接宾语?如：She is telling the children a story。她正在给孩子们讲故事?‎ ‎7. among, between between 的意思是“在……中间，在……之间”，一般指在两者之间?如：There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子?between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间，但那是指在每二者之间?如：the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?)‎ among 的意思是“在……中间?在……之中”，一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中?如：The teacher distributed them among the students. 老师把这些东西分给了学生?‎ ‎8. beat, win 这两个词都有“获胜，打败”的意思，但其后宾语不同?beat是“打败，优于”的意思，后面接人或队?如：We beat them. 我们打败了他们?‎ win指“赢，获胜”，后面接比赛?名次?如：We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)?‎ ‎9. agree with, agree on, agree to agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”?如：We all agree on (making) an early start. 我们一致同意及早出发?‎ agree with表示“与……意见一致”，后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词，也可以跟表示意见?看法的名词或what引导的从句?如：I agree with you without reservation。我毫无保留地同意你的意见?We agree with what you said just now。我们同意你刚才所说的意见?‎ agree to后面不能接人，只能接“提议，计划，方案”等词句?如：I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件?‎ ‎10. bring, take, carry,fetch 这四个词都是动词，都含有“带”或“拿”的意思，但使用的场合各不相同?‎ bring作“带来，拿来”解?如：Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我?‎ take是bring的对语，作“带去，拿去”解?如：Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走?‎ carry表示“运载，携带”之意，运送的方式很多，可以用车?船，也可以用手甚至用头?如：This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人?‎ fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思?如：Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我?‎ ‎11. each, every 两词都是“每个”的意思，但着重点不同?each着重个别的情况，every着重全体，有“所有的”的意思?如：She knows each student of the class。她认识这个班里的每一个学生?She knows every student of the class。她认识这个班所有的学生?‎ ‎12. no one, none no one指“没有人(只能指人，不能用来指物)”，意思与nobody相同，作主语时不必跟of连用，如：No one believes him since he is not honest. 没有人相信他，因为他不诚实?No one else but I went. 除我以外，谁也没去?‎ none指“一个也没有(既可指人，也可指物)”，作主语时代替不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词，谓语动词用单?复数都可以?但在 “主+系+表”结构中，如果表语为复数，则系动词要用复数形式?如：None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我们谁也不怕困难?‎ ‎13. go on doing, go on to do, go on with 这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思，其区别如下：go on doing表示“继续做，一直在做某事(中间无间断)”;go on to do表示“接着做某事”，即某事已做完，接着做另一件事;go on with也表示“继续做某事”，其含义是某一动作一度中止后，又继续下去?‎ ‎14. too much, much too 二者都有“太，非常”之意，much too为副词词组，修饰形容词?副词，不可修饰动词?如：It’s much too cold。天气实在是太冷了?‎ too much作“太多”讲，有以下三种用法?‎ ‎(1)作名词词组?如：You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了?‎ ‎(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词?如：Don’t drink too much wine. 不要饮太多的酒?‎ ‎(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词?如：She talks too much. 她说话太多?‎ ‎15. lonely, alone 二者都可表示“孤独，独自”，alone指客观存在的“孤独”，而lonely更偏重一种主观感受上的“寂寞”?如：I went alone. 我是一个人去的?Mary lived alone, but she didn’t feel lonely. 玛丽孤身一人生活，但她并不感到孤独?‎ ‎16. happen, take place与occur happen有“偶然”的意思，多用于客观事物?情况的发生?如：Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害, 本空间名为腾讯认证（蔡章兵主编QQ757722345）空间，本空间每天都有5篇左右资源更新，你只须点击空间顶部“关注”并设置为特 别关心，就会收到每天更新的信息， 欢迎加微信czbqsyy收听更多信息。‎ occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”?有时强调“呈现”于人的知觉中?如：Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?‎ 具体事物?事件作主语时，happen和occur可以通用?如：The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天发生的?‎ take place 指事件发生，但常用来表示“举行”的意思，带有非偶然性?例如：The meeting took place last night。会议昨晚举行?‎ ‎17. in front of, in the front of in front of的意思是“在……前面”?如：There is a tree in front of the house。房子前面有一棵树?‎ in the front of的意思是“在……前部”，指在某个空间范围内的前面?如：There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板?‎ ‎18. find, find out 两者都有“发现”的意思，但语义有差别?find有偶然发现某物的意味?如：He found a bag on the floor. 他发现地板上有个书包?‎ find out指“经过，探听，询问”，指调查之后的“发现”或“弄清楚”?如：Please find out who took my book by mistake。请查清楚谁错拿了我的书?‎ ‎19. noise, voice, sound 这三个词都作“声音”解，在表示“听到声音”这个意思时，三者可以通用?但它们又各有特定的含义?‎ sound 作“声音”解，含义最广，指可以听到的任何声音，如：a weak sound 微弱的声?‎ noise作“噪音，嘈杂声，吵闹声”解，指不悦耳，不和谐的声音?它既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词?如：Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音?‎ voice 作“声音”解时，多指人发出的声音，包括说话声?歌声和笑声?如：He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊?有时也用于引申意义，作“意见?发言权”解?如：I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事，我没有发言权?‎ ‎20. arrive, get, reach 三者均可表示“到达”，arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如：We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站?又如：They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎．‎ get之后通常接介词to?如：When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时，就开始下雨了．‎ reach是及物动词(较 get更正式)，其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)?如：He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京.‎ 中考必考词组、句型100例 ‎1. want to do sth. 想做某事 ‎　　Eg. I want to go to school.‎ ‎　　2. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 Eg. . I want my son to go to school.welcome to sp欢迎到某地 ‎　　3. be different from 与---不同 ‎　　Eg. The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing.‎ ‎　　4. be the same as 与……相同 ‎　　Eg. His trousers are the same as mine.‎ ‎　　5. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 ‎　　Eg. Mr. Wang is very friendly to us.‎ ‎　　6.welcome t Eg. Welcome to China.‎ ‎　　7. What’s the matter with sb./ sth? 出什么毛病了？‎ ‎　　 Eg. What’s the matter with your watch?‎ ‎　　8. what to do 做什么 ‎　　Eg. We don’t know what to do next.‎ ‎　　9. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. Let him enter the room.‎ ‎　　10. let sb. not do sth. 让某人不做某人 ‎　　Eg. Let him not stand in the rain.‎ ‎　　11. why don’t you do sth? 怎么不做某事呢？ =‎ ‎　　Eg. Why don’t you play football with us?‎ ‎　　12. why not do sth.? 怎么不做某事呢？‎ ‎　　Eg. Why not play football with us?‎ ‎　　13. make sb. sth. 为某人制造某物=‎ ‎　　Eg. My father made me a kite.‎ ‎　　14. make sth for sb. 为某人制造某物 ‎　　Eg. My father made a kite for me.‎ ‎　　15. What …mean by …？做……是什么意思？‎ ‎　　Eg. What do you mean by doing that?‎ ‎　　16. like doing sth. 喜爱做某事 ‎　　Eg. Jim likes swimming.‎ ‎　　17. like to do sth.喜爱做某事 ‎　　Eg. He doesn’t like to swim now.‎ ‎　　18. feel like doing sth. 想做某事 ‎　　Eg. I feel like eating bananas.‎ ‎　　19. would like to do sth. 愿意做某事 ‎　　Eg. Would you like to go rowing with me?‎ ‎　　20. would like sb. to do sth. 愿意某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. I’d like you to stay with me tonight.‎ ‎21. make sb. do sth. 逼使某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. His brother often makes him stay in the sun.‎ ‎　　22. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. Let me sing a song for you.‎ ‎　　23. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. You shouldn’t have the students work so hard.‎ ‎　　24. be far from sp离某地远 ‎　　Eg. His school is far from his home.‎ ‎　　25. be near to sp离某地近 ‎　　Eg. The hospital is near to the post office.‎ ‎ 26. be good at sth./doing sth.擅长某事/做某事 ‎　　Eg. We are good at English.‎ ‎　　They are good at boating.‎ ‎　　27. It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花多少时间做某事 ‎　　Eg. It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.‎ ‎　　28. sb. spends some time/money （in ）doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事 ‎　　Eg. I spent twenty years in writing the novel.‎ ‎　　29. sb. spends some time/money on sth.某事花了某人多少时间/金钱 ‎　　Eg. Jim spent 1000 yuan on the bike.‎ ‎　　30. sth. costs sb. some money.某物花了某人多少钱 ‎　　Eg. The bike cost Jim 1000 yuan.‎ ‎　　31. sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物付了多少钱 ‎　　Eg. Jim paid 1000 yuan for the bike.‎ ‎　　32. begin/start with sth. 开始做某事 ‎　　Eg. The started the meeting with a song.‎ ‎　　33. be going to do sth. 打算做某事 ‎　　Eg. We are going to study in Japan.‎ ‎　　34. call A B叫A B ‎　　Eg. They called the village Gumtree.‎ ‎　　35. thank sb. for sth./doing sth.感谢某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. Thank you for your help.‎ ‎　　Thank you for helping me.‎ ‎　　36. What ……for? 为什么 ‎　　Eg. What do you learn English for?‎ ‎　　37. How/ what about doing sth.？做某事怎么样？‎ ‎　　Eg. How about going fishing?‎ ‎　　38. S +be+ the+最高级+of/in短语=‎ ‎　　Eg. Lucy is the tallest in her class.‎ ‎　　39. S + be +比较级+than any other + n.‎ ‎　　Eg. Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.‎ ‎　　40. have to do sth.不得不做某事 ‎　　Eg. I have to go home now.‎ ‎41. had better do sth. 最好做某事 ‎　　Eg. You’d better study hard at English.‎ ‎　　42. had better not do sth. 最好别做某事 ‎　　Eg. You’d better not stay up.‎ ‎　　43. help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. Lucy often helps Lily to wash her clothes.‎ ‎　　44. help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. He usually helps me learn English.‎ ‎　　45. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. I sometimes help my mother with the housework.‎ ‎　　46. make it +时间把时间定在几点 ‎　　Eg. Let’s make it 8:30.‎ ‎　　47. take sb. to sp带某人到某地 ‎　　Eg. Mr. Wang will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday.‎ ‎　　49. have nothing to do （with sb）与某人没有关系 ‎　　Eg. That has nothing to do with me.‎ ‎　　50. 主语+ don’t think + 从句 认为……不……‎ ‎　　Eg. I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.‎ ‎ 51. It’s + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说怎么样 ‎　　Eg. It is lucky for you to go to London.‎ ‎　　52. How + adj/ adv + 主+ 谓！多么……啊！‎ ‎　　Eg. How beautiful the flower is!‎ ‎　　53. what + a/an + adj + [ ] + 主+ 谓！‎ ‎　　Eg. What an beautiful flower it is!‎ ‎　　54. What + adj+ pl./[u] +主+ 谓！‎ ‎　　Eg. What bad weather it is today!‎ ‎　　55. find it + adj+ to do sth. 发现做某事如何 ‎　　Eg. I find it hard to speak English well!‎ ‎　　56. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物 ‎　　Eg. They often ask me for money.‎ ‎　　57. need to do sth. 需要做某事 ‎　　Eg. You need to study hard.‎ ‎　　58. need sth需要某物 ‎　　Eg. I don’t need your money.‎ ‎　　59. use A to do B用A来做B ‎　　Eg. We use pens to write.‎ ‎　　60. show sb. Sth给某人看某物=‎ ‎　　Eg. Please show me the map. 61.show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 ‎　　Eg. Please show the map to me.‎ ‎　　62. pass sb. sth. 把某物递给某人=‎ ‎　　Eg. Pass me the cup of tea.‎ ‎　　63. pass sth. to sb.把某物递给某人 ‎　　Eg. Pass the cup of tea to me.‎ ‎　　64. buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物=‎ ‎　　Eg. Mother bought me a bike.‎ ‎　　65. buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 ‎　　Eg. Mother bought a bike for me.‎ ‎　　66.give sb. sth把某物给某人=‎ ‎　　Eg. Jim gave me an English dictionary.‎ ‎　　67. give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 ‎　　Eg. Jim gave an English dictionary to me.‎ ‎　　68. get to sp达到某地 =‎ ‎　　Eg. I got to Beijing on the morning of May 1st.‎ ‎　　69. arrive at /in sp 达到某地=‎ ‎　　Eg. I arrived in Beijing on the morning of May 1st.‎ ‎　　70. reach sp达到某地 ‎　　Eg. I reached Beijing on the morning of May 1st.‎ ‎　　71. hope to do sth.希望某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. I hope to see you soon.‎ ‎　　72. there is sth. wrong with sth./sb. 某物出设么毛病了=‎ ‎　　Eg. There is something wrong my car.‎ ‎　　73. sth. is wrong with ……某物出设么毛病了 ‎　　Eg. Something is wrong with my car.‎ ‎　　74. How do you like sth? 你认为……怎么样？=‎ ‎　　Eg. How do you like Beijing?‎ ‎　　75.What do you think of sth.? 你认为……怎么样？‎ ‎　　Eg. What do you think of Beijing?‎ ‎ 76. start doing sth. 开始做某事 ‎　　Eg. I started learning English in 1983.‎ ‎　　77. start to do sth.开始做某事 ‎　　Eg. I started to watch TV after finishing my homework.‎ ‎　　78.finish doing sth. 完成作某事 ‎　　Eg. I finished cleaning my car just now.‎ ‎　　79. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ‎　　Eg. They all enjoy living and working in China.‎ ‎　　80.What / when / where / who / something / anything / nothing else ……‎ ‎　　别的什么/何时/何地/谁……‎ ‎　　Eg. What else do you want to buy?‎ ‎　　Where else have you gone?‎ ‎　　Who else have you played with?‎ ‎　　I have nothing else to tell you.‎ ‎　　Would you like something else?‎ ‎　 81. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事了 ‎　　Eg. I forgot turning off the lights. Look, it is dark in the room.‎ ‎　　82. forget to do sth. 忘了做某事了 ‎　　Eg. I forgot to turn off the lights.Could you go back and shut the off?‎ ‎　　83. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事了 ‎　　Eg. I remembered returning your money. You are so forgetful.‎ ‎　　84. remember to do sth. 记住做某事 ‎　　Eg. Remember to bring me some money. I’ve run out of it.‎ ‎　　85.stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 ‎　　Eg. He stopped to talk with Mary when she enter the office.‎ ‎　　86. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 ‎　　Eg. The students stopped talking when the teachet came in.‎ ‎　　87. watch/see/hear sb. do sth.观看/看见/听见某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. I saw you pick an apple just now.‎ ‎　　88. watch/see/hear sb. doing sth.观看/看见/听见某人在做某事 ‎　　Eg. I saw you playing basketball with your classmates on the playground last Sunday.‎ ‎　　89. go on doing sth. 继续作谋事 ‎　　Eg. He went on reading after a short rest.‎ ‎　　90.go on to do sth. 继续作谋事 ‎　　Eg. He went on to read after finishing wash the dishes.‎ ‎　　91. go on with sth. 继续某事 ‎　　Eg. He went on with his work after a short rest.‎ ‎　　92. say hello/goodbye to sb. 向某人告别 ‎　　Eg.I came to say good-bye to you.‎ ‎　　93. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 ‎　　Eg. They are busy planting trees on the hill.‎ ‎　　94. be interested in sth. 对某事感兴趣 ‎　　Eg. English is very interesting. We are all interested in it.‎ ‎　　95. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. Mother told me to go shopping with her.‎ ‎　　96. ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事 ‎　　Eg. Jim ask me to go rowing with him.‎ ‎　　97. call/ring sb. up给某人打电话 ‎　　Eg. I will call you up tommow.‎ ‎　　98. be ready to do sth. 准备做某事 ‎　　Eg. We are ready to have lunch.‎ ‎　　99. go doing sth. 去做某事 ‎　　Eg. Let’s go fishing.‎ ‎　　100. prefer A/doing A to B/doing B 喜欢A/做A而非B/做B ‎　　Eg. Lucy prefers English to French.‎ ‎　　I prefer staying at home to going to the cinema.‎