中考重点句式 练习讲解 13页

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  • 2021-05-13 发布

中考重点句式 练习讲解

  • 13页
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‎ 中考重点句式讲解 I. 根据中文意思完成句子。‎ ‎1. 很抱歉我没能参加你的生日晚会。‎ ‎_____for missing your birthday party.‎ ‎2. 你在课余时间喜欢读书吗?‎ Do you _____ in your spare time?‎ ‎3. 杰克会和同学们相处得很好。‎ Jack will _____ his classmates.‎ ‎4. 这个演讲非常精彩。我们都听得很认真。‎ The speech _____ we all listened carefully.‎ ‎5. 他们很难在这么短的时间内想出新的办法。‎ ‎_____ a new way in such a short time.‎ II.根据中文意思完成句子。‎ ‎1. ——这本书我能借多久?‎ ‎——三个星期。你得按时还。‎ ‎— How long can I ______ the book?‎ ‎— Three weeks. You must ______ it on time.‎ ‎2.你最好不要迟到了。‎ ‎ You’d better not ______ late ______ school again.‎ ‎3.昨天早晨李明八点才起床。‎ ‎ Li Ming _______ get up ______ eight o’clock yesterday morning.‎ ‎4.他说他不知道王女士将何时前往随州市。‎ ‎ He said he didn’t know when Ms Wang was ______ _____ Suizhou City.‎ ‎5. 麦克和哈里决心更加努力地学习。‎ Mike and Harry have ________ their ______to study harder.‎ ‎6.我宁愿在家里看电视也不愿到外面踢足球。‎ I would_______ watch TV plays at home ______ play soccer outside.‎ ‎7.老师告诉这个男孩不要在游戏上花太多的时间。‎ ‎ The teacher told the boy not to ______ too much time ______ games.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ I.根据中文意思完成句子。‎ ‎1. I am sorry 2. like / enjoy reading 3. get along/on well with  ‎ ‎4. was so wonderful that 5. It’s difficult for them to come up with ‎ II. 根据中文意思补全句子。‎ ‎1. keep/have; return 2. be; for 3. didn’t; until 4. leaving for ‎ ‎5. made; minds 6. rather; than 7. spend;playing ‎【用法讲解】‎ 考试要求:‎ 中考重点句型即中考经常考查的句型,在中考试卷中单项选择和句型转换以及完成句子中经常考到这些重点的句型,同学们在中考冲刺阶段需要确认是否已经掌握了这些重点的句型结构和它们的典型用法,特别是一些重点句子的表达方式。掌握了这些重点句型对于同学们解答阅读理解、听力和书面表达等都会有很大的帮助。‎ ‎1. 常考重点句型:‎ ‎(1) be + afraid of doing / to do /that从句 ‎(2)be + busy doing sth./ with sth.‎ ‎(3) be + famous / late /ready / sorry +for sth.‎ ‎(4) be glad that… ‎ ‎(5) make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth. ‎ ‎(6) ask / tell /want sb. (not) to do sth.‎ ‎(7) give/ buy/ lend/ sb. sth.‎ ‎(8) tell/ ask sb. how to do sth.‎ ‎(9) get on well with…‎ ‎(10) get ready for / get sth ready ‎(11) help sb do/(to) do ; help sb with ‎ ‎(12) It’s time +for sb. to do sth.‎ ‎(13) It’s +形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.‎ ‎(14) would rather do...‎ ‎(15) had better do sth.‎ ‎(16) It’s +better/ best to do sth.‎ ‎(17) enjoy/ finish/ practice/ mind/feel like + doing sth.‎ ‎(18) keep sb doing/ keep/make sth +adj ‎(19)stop +to do (doing) sth.‎ ‎(20) keep/ stop/ prevent sb. from +doing sth.‎ ‎(21) prefer +宾语A+to +宾语B ‎(22)used to do sth.‎ ‎(23) be/get/become +used to +doing sth.‎ ‎(24) 含有too ... to do sth.结构的句型 ‎(25) 含有so...that的句型 ‎(26) It +takes+sb. some time+to do sth.‎ ‎(27)spend +时间/金钱+on sth./ doing sth.‎ ‎(28) see/ hear/ watch sb. do/doing sth.‎ ‎(29) Thanks for + doing sth.‎ ‎(30) The +形容词/副词的比较级…,the +形容词/副词的比较级...‎ ‎1. 中考重点句型详解:‎ ‎ (1)be + afraid of doing / that 从句 这个句型表示“某人害怕或担心做某事”,be动词随着句子的主语人称和数的变化而变化。‎ 1) be afraid of的后面用名词或动名词形式作宾语,表示“某人害怕做某事”, 也可以用be afraid to do sth.。例如:‎ My little sister is afraid of dogs. 我的小妹妹害怕狗。‎ He doesn’t want to speak English, because he is afraid of making mistakes.‎ 他不想说英语,因为担心出错。‎ ‎2) be afraid +that从句,一般用来要说出对方不愿意听到的内容的客气的说法,多译成“恐怕”。‎ 例如:I am afraid that I can’t help you. ‎ 我恐怕不能帮助你。‎ ‎(2) be + busy doing sth./ with sth.‎ 这个句型表示“某人忙于做某事”,be busy的后面接动词时用动名词,接名词或者代词时用be busy with。例如:‎ Our teacher is busy correcting our homework.‎ ‎=Our teacher is busy with our homework.‎ 我们的老师正忙于批改我们的作业。‎ ‎(3) 主语+be + famous / late /ready / sorry for +宾语 这个句型的意思是“因为某人或者某事而出名/ 迟到/ 做好准备/ 道歉”,其中介词for表示原因。‎ 例如:‎ The old man is famous for his handwriting. ‎ 这个老年人因为他的书法而出名。‎ We are sorry for not taking part in your birthday party. ‎ 没能参加你的生日聚会我们感到抱歉。‎ ‎(4) be glad +that从句 这个句型表示“对于某事很高兴”,that 后跟一个句子,这里的that可以省掉。类似的用法还有be happy/pleased that+从句。例如: I am glad that every student is studying as hard as possible. ‎ 对于每个学生都尽可能努力学习,我很欣慰。 I’m glad that you passed the exam. ‎ 对于你通过了考试,我很高兴。‎ He is pleased(that)his daughter gives him a present for his birthday every year. ‎ 他很满意女儿每年在他生日时,送他一个生日礼物。‎ ‎(5) make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth 使役动词make/ let/ have的后面用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,意思是“使/ 让某人做某事”‎ 而此句型谓语动词变成被动语态时,要把省略的to加上。例如:‎ My father often makes me do my homework for an hour at home. ‎ 我的爸爸每天使我在家做一个小时的家庭作业。‎ He was made to work more than ten hours a day. ‎ 每天他被迫工作十多个小时。‎ ‎(6) ask / tell /want sb. (not) to do sth.‎ 动词ask、tell、want的后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语,意思是“要求/ 告诉/ 想要某人做某事”。例如:‎ My teacher often tells us to do our homework at home. ‎ 我们的老师经常告诉我们在家做我们的家庭作业。‎ ‎-What did your father say just now? 你父亲刚才说什么?‎ ‎-He asked me to help him clean his car. 他要我帮他擦车。‎ ‎(7)give/ buy/ lend sb. sth.‎ give/ buy/ lend等动词后可以跟双宾语,谓语动词的变化和句子的主语保持一致,意思是“给某人 某物/ 给某人买某物/ 借给某人某物”,表示某物的宾语是直接宾语,表示某人的宾语是间接宾语。‎ 如果直接宾语在前面,间接宾语在后面要用介词to/for。有类似用法的动词很多,常见的能与to 连用的有:‎ give,lend,bring,hand,pass,read,return,sell,show,teach,tell,throw 常见的能与for连用的有:‎ buy,choose,cook,find,get,make,order,prepare ‎ 例如:‎ My mother bought me a new sweater yesterday. ‎ ‎=My mother bought a new sweater for me yesterday. ‎ 昨天我妈妈给我买了一件新毛衣。‎ ‎(8) tell/ ask + (sb.) +how to do sth.‎ 动词tell/ask/ know/ show等动词的后面用“疑问词+动词不定式”构成的短语作宾语,相当于疑问词 引导的宾语从句。例如:‎ Can you tell me where to buy this kind of flowers? ‎ ‎=Can you tell me where I can buy this kind of flower?‎ 你能告诉我在哪里买这种花吗?‎ ‎(9) get on well with sb…‎ ‎ 该句式表示“和某人相处的融洽”,同义词组有get along well with sb。例如:‎ I get along well with my classmates. 我和我的同学们相处的很好。 ‎ Mary is selfish. She can hardly get on well with everyone.‎ Mary很自私,几乎和每个人关系都不好。‎ 另外,get along也有进展、进行的意思。例如:‎ How are you getting along with your English?‎ 你的英语学得怎样?‎ ‎(10) get ready for / get sth ready get ready for / get sth. ready 表示“为……做好准备”,for后面接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。例如 The next stop is Tian’anmen East. Please get ready for your arrival. ‎ 下一站是天安门东,请准备下车。 ‎ Go home immediately. Mum has got the dinner ready.‎ 快回家吧,妈妈已经把饭准备好了! ‎ ‎(11) help sb do/(to) do ; help sb with ‎ 这两个句式表示都“帮助某人做某事”。后接动词不定式时,do或to do都可以;如果是后接名词 或代词时,要用with。例如:‎ I often help my mum do the housework. ‎ 我经常帮助妈妈做家务。‎ He helped me a lot with math. ‎ 他在数学方面给我很大的帮助。‎ ‎(12) It’s time (for somebody) to do sth.‎ 这个句型意思是“到了做某事的时间、该做某事了”,如果用名词表示事件,也可写成“It’s time for sth.”。其中it指时间。例如:‎ It’s time for you to take some medicine. 到了你吃药的时间了。‎ It’s time for bed. 到了上床睡觉的时间了。‎ ‎(13) It’s +形容词+for/ of somebody to do sth.‎ 这个句型it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,意思是“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”。例如:‎ It’s difficult for your brother to take the heavy box to his room. ‎ 对你小弟弟来说把那个重箱子搬到他的房间里是困难的。‎ 注意:‎ 如果句型中的形容词表示某人的性质和特点时,一般用of;而形容词表示做某事的性质和特点时,‎ 就要用for。例如:‎ It’s kind of you to help me a lot. 你真太好了,帮了我这么多。‎ ‎(14) would rather do ...‎ 这个句型是表示“宁愿做某事”的意思,表示选择,后接不带to的不定式。例如:‎ I’d rather not say anything. 我宁愿不说任何事情。‎ Would you rather work on a farm? ‎ 你愿意在农场工作吗?‎ 由于would rather表示选择,后可接than,再接相比之下不愿意做的事。例如:‎ I would rather work on a farm than in a factory. ‎ 我宁愿在农场工作而不愿意在工厂工作。‎ ‎(15) had better (not) do sth.‎ 这个句型要注意had better的后面用动词原形,had better可略写为’d better,意思是“最好做某事”,‎ 否定形式在had better 后加not。例如:‎ We had better go there on foot. 我们最好步行去那里。‎ You’d better not be late for school again.‎ 你最好不要再迟到了。‎ ‎(16) It’s +better/ best to do sth.‎ 这个句型中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,意思是“最好做某事”。表示相比较 而言,做某事更好或最好。例如:‎ It’s best to plant trees in the spring. 春天是植树的最好季节。‎ It is better to give than to receive. 给予比接受更好。‎ ‎(17) feel like/ enjoy/ finish/ practice/ mind +doing sth.‎ 在动词enjoy(喜欢)、finish (完成)、practice (练习)、mind (介意)和短语feel like (想要)的后面必须 用动名词作宾语。例如:‎ Do you mind my smoking here? 我在这里吸烟你介意吗?‎ I don’t feel like walking very much today. ‎ 我今天不太想散步。‎ You need to practice writing. 你需要练习写作。‎ ‎(18) keep sb doing sth;keep doing sth keep sb doing sth表示“让别人一直做某事”,而keep doing 表示“某人一直做某事”。例如:‎ I am sorry for keeping you waiting for a long time.  ‎ 对不起,让你久等了。‎ He caught such a bad cold that he kept coughing all morning.‎ 他感冒了以至于整个上午都在咳嗽。‎ 注意:‎ keep 还可以加形容词,表示保持某物的状态,即keep sth. + 形容词(adj.)。‎ 例如: Keep the door open, please. 请保持门开着。‎ ‎(19) stop+to do (doing) sth.‎ 动词stop的后面可以接动名词,也可以接动词不定式,区别如下:stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事 ‎(即停止正在做的事)”, stop to do sth.表示“停下来(手头的事)开始做另一事”。 例如:‎ It’s time for class. You should stop talking. ‎ 现在上课了,你们应该停止谈话。‎ We have worked for three hours. Let’s stop to have a rest.‎ 我们已经工作三个小时了。让我们停下来休息一会吧。‎ ‎(20) keep/ stop/ prevent sb. from+doing sth.‎ 动词keep/ stop/ prevent和介词from连用,表示“阻止某人做某事”,from后面如果接动词,要用 动名词形式。例如:‎ The trees can keep the water from running away. 树木能够阻止水流失。‎ I prevent him from going out. 我阻止他出去。‎ ‎(21) prefer +宾语A+to +宾语B 这个句型表示与B事相比更喜欢做A事,其中两个宾语的形式一般是一致的,如果用动词,都要 用动名词形式。例如:‎ My father prefers apples to bananas. ‎ 我爸爸喜欢苹果胜过香蕉。‎ He is a man who prefers doing to talking. ‎ 他是个喜欢做而不喜欢说的人。‎ ‎(22) used to do sth.‎ 这个句型在used to的后面要用动词原形,其中to是不定式符号,表示“过去常常做某事”,现在已 经不做了。例如:‎ My father used to be a math teacher. ‎ 我的爸爸过去曾经是一名数学老师。‎ You used to do this by yourself? ‎ 以前都是你自己一个人做的吗?‎ ‎(23) be/get/become used to doing sth.‎ 这个句型在be/get/become used to的后面用动名词形式做宾语,表示“习惯于做某事”,其中to是介 词,可以用于各种时态。例如:‎ My little brother has been used to getting up early to go to school. ‎ 我小弟弟已经习惯早起上学了。‎ You get used to doing your own business on your own time.‎ 你们必须学会用自己的时间做自己的事。‎ ‎(24) too ... to do sth. ‎ 这是一个简单句的句型,表示“太......而不能做某事”。其中too可以修饰形容词和副词,意思是“太”,‎ 后面的to do sth. 是结果状语。例如:‎ Your brother is too young to go to school. ‎ 你弟弟太小还不能去上学。‎ We are never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。‎ ‎(25) 含有so...that的句型 这是一个复合句的句型,意思是“太…….以至于不能做某事”,与含有 too ... to do sth. 是同义句。‎ 例如:‎ I got up so late that I couldn’t catch the first bus. ‎ 我起床如此晚以至于我没能赶上第一班公共汽车。‎ 此句也可以改为:‎ I got up too late to catch the first bus. ‎ 我起床太晚了,赶不上第一班公共汽车了。‎ ‎(26) It +take sb. some time/money +to do sth.‎ 这个句型表示“做某事花费某人的时间或金钱”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 短语。take的时态要根据句子的具体要求去确定。例如:‎ It took me two hours to do my homework yesterday afternoon. ‎ 昨天下午做家庭作业花了我两个小时。‎ It will take you one day to clean the room tomorrow.‎ 明天你要花费一天的时间清扫房间。‎ ‎(27) spend some time/ money + on sth./ (in) doing sth.‎ 这个句型的主语是人,spend的后面可以接时间或钱作宾语,用介词on+名词或in+动名词,表示 ‎“某人花费时间或者金钱做某事”,in可以省略。例如:‎ I spent two hours on my homework last night. ‎ 昨天晚上我花了两个小时做作业。‎ He spends most of his money in traveling around the country. ‎ 他把大部分钱都花在周游全国了。‎ ‎(28) see/ hear/ watch/ sb. do/ doing sth.‎ 这个句型是表示“某人听/看到某人做某事”,这些动词的后面用省略to的动词不定式或现在分词 ‎(动词-ing形式)作宾语补足语。用动词原形作宾语补足语时,表示听或看到某人做某事的全过程;用现在分词(动词-ing形式)作宾语补足语时,表示听或看到某人正在做某事。例如:‎ I saw your father watching TV when I left your home.‎ 当我离开你家的时候看到你的父亲正在看电视。‎ We saw him put on his coat and go out. ‎ 我们看见他穿上大衣出去了。‎ ‎(29) Thanks for + doing sth.‎ 这个句型是用动名词作for的宾语,表示“因为(某人)做某事而感谢(某人)”,也可用Thank you代替Thanks。例如: ‎ Thanks for telling me the news. 谢谢你告诉我这个消息。‎ Thank you for inviting me to your birthday party.‎ 谢谢你邀请我到你的生日宴会。‎ ‎(30) The +形容词/副词的比较级+主语+谓语,the +形容词/副词的比较级+主语+谓语 这个句型是形容词/副词比较级的叠加用法,表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长,意思是“越......,(就)越......”。例如:‎ The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. ‎ 你越小心,出现的问题就越少。‎ 注意:‎ 另两种表示比较的句型:‎ ‎1)形容词/副词的比较级+and+形容词/副词的比较级 这种句型表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长,意思是“越来越......”。 例如:‎ longer and longer 越来越长; more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮。‎ ‎2)as+ 形容词/副词的原级+ as...‎ 这个句型表示同级比较,即比较的结果是一样的,在as和as的中间用形容词或副词的原级。在 否定句中既可以用not as... as...,也可以用not so... as...,表示前者不如后者。例如:‎ He is as tall as my brother. 他和我的弟弟一样高。‎ It is not as/ so warm as it was yesterday. 今天不如昨天暖和。‎ 巩固练习:‎ I. 根据中文意思翻译句子。‎ ‎1.多吃水果对我们的健康有益。‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ ‎2.在周末我宁愿看书也不看电视。‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ ‎3.这个火车站从2019年就投入使用了。‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ ‎4.他非常聪明,很快就算出了这道数学题。‎ ‎____________________________________________‎ ‎5.无论你去哪儿,我都愿意与你同行。‎ ‎____________________________________________‎ II. 根据中文意思完成英语句子,每空所填写的词数不限。‎ ‎1.谢谢您帮助我。‎ Thank you for____________.‎ ‎2.晚饭后为什么不出去散步?‎ ‎____________ go out for a walk after supper?‎ ‎3.在北京每天有数以千计的游客。‎ There are ____________in Beijing every day.‎ ‎4.令他惊奇的是,他妈妈的电话改变了他的生活。‎ ‎__________________,his mother's phone call changed his life.‎ ‎5.学习英语的最好方法是运用英语。‎ ‎_________________to learn English is to use English.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ I. 根据中文意思翻译句子。‎ ‎1. It is good for our health to eat more fruit. ‎ ‎2. I would rather read books than watch TV at weekends. ‎ ‎3. This railway/train station has been in service/use since 2019.‎ ‎4. He is/was so clever that he works/worked out the maths problem quickly. ‎ ‎5. Wherever you go/No matter where you go, I’d like to go with you. ‎ II. 根据中文意思完成英语句子,每空所填写的词数不限。‎ ‎1. helping me/your help. ‎ ‎2. Why not/ Why don’t you/ we ‎ ‎3. thousands of visitors/tourists ‎4. To his surprise ‎5. The best way ‎【用法讲解】‎ 考试要求:‎ 中考重点句型即中考经常考查的句型,在中考试卷中单项选择和句型转换以及完成句子中经常考到这些重点的句型,同学们在中考冲刺阶段需要确认是否已经掌握了这些重点的句型结构和它们的典型用法,特别是一些重点句子的表达方式。掌握了这些重点句型对于同学们解答阅读理解、听力和书面表达等都会有很大的帮助。‎ ‎1. 常考重点句型:‎ ‎(1)be good for/be bad for…‎ ‎(2)sth./sb. + be+ 基数词+ meters long (wide, high, tall...) ‎ ‎(3)as soon as… ‎ ‎(4)as…as possible ‎(5)It’s / has been two years since +从句 ‎ ‎(6)both…and…‎ ‎(7)neither ...nor... ‎ ‎(8)either…or…‎ ‎(9)What’s wrong / the matter with sb. / sth.?‎ ‎(10)There is something /nothing wrong with sth. ‎ ‎(11)What/ How about +doing sth.?‎ ‎(12)Why not do ... ?/ Why don’t you do ...? ‎ ‎(13)Will / Would /Could you please do sth? ‎ ‎(14)Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? ‎ ‎(15)Would you mind doing sth.?‎ ‎(16)not...until... ‎ ‎(17)be supposed/ willing to do...应该做某事 ‎(18)主语+find +it +形容词+ 动词不定式 ‎(19)It seems that +从句 ‎(20)I don’t think +宾语从句 ‎(21)What do you think of…/How do you like …? ‎ ‎(22)It’s said/ reported that… 据说/据报道 ‎(23)one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数 ...…其中之一 ‎ ‎(24)One…the other; some…others ‎ ‎(25)not…at all ‎ ‎2.中考经常考到的重点句型详解:‎ ‎(1)It is good / bad for…‎ It is good / bad for…后面接名词或代词,如果接动词,要用动名词形式,表示“对……有益” 或“对……有害”。例如: Vegetables are good for you, while smoking is bad for you. 蔬菜对你有好处,而吸烟对你有害。‎ Doing sports is good for your health. ‎ 做锻炼对你的健康有好处。‎ ‎(2)sth./sb. + be+ 基数词+ meters long (wide, high, tall...) 某物/某人有几米长(宽,高……)‎ 这个句型表示“某人或某物有多高/ 多长等”。注意如果基数词超过一,后面量词meter等要用复数,而汉语中的量词如yuan等,是英语的外来语,不需用复数。例如:‎ Our classroom is fifteen meters long and eight meters wide. ‎ 我们的教室15米长,八米宽。 This man is eighty years old now. ‎ 这位老人有80岁高龄了。 (3)as soon as引导的句型 as soon as表示“一……就……”,引导的是时间状语从句,时态上遵循“主将从现(主句是将来时,从句是现在时)”的用法,主句也可以是祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。这里as soon as引导的从句,常是用一般现在时表示将来的意义。 例如:Please call back as soon as you arrive home. 到家请回电话。    He will come to my home as soon as he gets to Beijing. 他一到北京就来我们家。‎ ‎(4)as … as possible as…as possible意为“尽可能得……”,as …as 中间是形容词或者副词的原级。‎ 例如: I hope my marks will be as high as possible.   ‎ 我希望我的分数尽可能地高。 He picked as many apples as possible in the apple garden.  ‎ 他在果园摘了尽可能多的苹果。‎ ‎(5)It’s / has been +时间+ since +(一般过去时的)从句 ‎ It’s / has been +时间+since +(一般过去时的)从句, 这个句型表示“自从过去某个时刻算起到现在多长时间了”,it指代时间,主句的谓语动词可以用现在完成时has been,也可以用一般现在时is,与句型“Sb. has +过去分词+for +表示一段时间”意思相同。例如:‎ It has been two months since I came here.‎ 自从我来这已经两个月了。‎ He has lived here for five years.= It’s five years since he lived here. ‎ 他住在这里已经五年了。‎ ‎(6)both…and…‎ both…and…表示“两者都……”,并列连接对等的成分。如果连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,表示两者都做某事。例如:‎ Both you and your brother have to stay at home this Sunday. ‎ 你和你的弟弟这个周日必须都呆在家里。‎ Both teachers and students were touched by the story. 老师们和学生们都被这个故事所感动。 We learn both English and Chinese. 我们既学英语又学汉语。‎ ‎(7)neither ...nor... ‎ 这个句型是both… and…的否定形式,但是neither... nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词一般就近一致,即谓语动词的单复数要和最近的主语保持一致,表示“两者都不做某事”。例如:‎ Neither I nor he is from the village. 我和他都不是来自山村。‎ The weather in Kunming is neither too cold nor too hot.‎ 昆明的天气既不太冷,也不太热。 Neither he nor I have been to the U.S.  我和他都没去过美国.‎ ‎(8)either …or …: ‎ either…or表示选择的一个句式,意为“或者……或者……,要么……要么……”。如果连接主语的时候,谓语动词保持就近一致的原则。例如:‎ ‎ He will go to either Britain or France on holiday. 他假期不是去英国玩就是去法国玩。 Either coffee or tea is OK. 咖啡或者茶都可以。‎ ‎ Either you or he is going for the city. 要么你要么他去那个城市。    ‎ ‎(9)What’s wrong / the matter with sb. / sth.?‎ 这个句型是询问某人或者某物出什么毛病了或有什么问题了。What’s wrong with的后面可以接人也可以接物作宾语,同义句型是What’s the matter with... ?例如:‎ ‎—What’s wrong with your leg? 你的腿怎么啦?‎ ‎—Nothing serious. 没有什么大毛病。‎ 注意:‎ 此句型作宾语从句时,不需改变语序。‎ He asked me what was the matter with me. 他问我怎么了。‎ ‎(10)There is something wrong with sth/sb. 某物或某人出毛病了。‎ 这个句型表示“某物或某人出毛病了”。一般疑问句:Is there anything wrong with sth./sb.?,否定句:There isn’t anything wrong with sth./sb.或There is nothing wrong with sth./sb.‎ 例如:There is something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出毛病了。‎ ‎ There is nothing wrong with your bike. 你的自行车没毛病。‎ ‎(11)What/ How about +doing sth.?‎ 这个句型用于询问“做某事怎么样/ 如何”,用来征求别人的意见。介词about后要接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如:‎ What about swimming after school? 放学后去游泳怎么样?‎ ‎—I’d like to go swimming. 我想去游泳。‎ ‎—How about you?你呢?‎ ‎(12)Why not do ... ?/ Why don’t you do ...? 为什么不做……?‎ 这个句型表示 “向别人提出建议或征求意见”。Why not后可以直接加动词原形,可以看成是Why don’t you do ...?的省略形式,例如:‎ Why don’t you go there with me? = Why not go there with me? ‎ 为什么不和我一起去那里?‎ ‎(13)Will / Would /Could you (please) do sth? 请你做某事好吗?‎ 本句型是用情态动词will、would或could引起,表示“请求别人做某事”,would和could没有过去的意义,只是使语气更委婉,其中please可省略。例如:‎ Would you please open the door for me? 请你为我打开门好吗?‎ Will you please pass me the ball?请你把球传过来好吗?‎ 注意:此句型中谓语动词受情态动词will、would等影响要用原形。‎ ‎(14)Would you like (sb.) to do sth.?‎ 这个句型是表示“你想要/愿意(某人)做某事吗”,would like后要用动词不定式,用来征求意见。例如:‎ Would you like me to help your son?你愿意让我帮你的儿子吗?‎ Would you like to go swimming with me after school?‎ 放学后你愿意和我一起去游泳吗? ‎ ‎(15)Would you mind doing sth.?‎ 这个句型是表示“做某事你介意吗?” 动词mind的后面用动名词形式作宾语,用于征求意见。例如:‎ Would you mind opening the door? 打开门你介意吗?‎ Would you mind smoking here?在这抽烟,你介意吗?‎ ‎(16)含有not...until...的句型 本句型意思是“直到……才……”。含有until或till引导的时间状语从句,如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词,主句是肯定句或否定句都可以;但是如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词,主句只能是否定句。例如:‎ I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.. 我直到做完作业才去睡觉。‎ ‎(“没有上床睡觉”这个状态一直延续到“完成作业“为止)‎ I didn’t know the truth until he told me. 直到他告诉我,我才知道事实真相。 We didn’t know each other until last August. 我们直到去年八月份才认识。‎ ‎(17)be supposed/ willing to do... ‎ be supposed to do表示“某人理应该做某事”,be willing to do表示“某人愿意、乐意做某事”。这两个句型都是be+形容词+to do构成。例如:‎ You are supposed to shake hands. 你们理应该握手。‎ Are you willing to help? 你愿意帮忙吗?‎ ‎(18)主语+find +it +形容词+ 动词不定式 本句型是it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。不定式做宾语时,如果有形容词或名词等宾语补足语,不定式要后置。例如:‎ We find it difficult to play soccer in our school. 我们发现在我们的学校踢足球是非常困难的。‎ He found it interesting to draw pictures. 他发现画画很有趣。‎ ‎(19)It seems that…从句 强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断,可以说就是事实,可以转换成“名词或代词+ seem +动词不定式”的句型,其意不变。如果动词不定式为to be + 形容词时,to be往往省略。例如:‎ It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company. ‎ 妇女似乎更难提升到公司的最高职位。‎ It seems that no one likes the film. = No one seems to like the film. ‎ 似乎没有人喜欢这个电影。‎ It seems that he is happy every day. = He seems (to be) happy every day.‎ 他似乎每天都很高兴。‎ ‎(20)I don’t think +宾语从句 主句谓语动词是表示“想、认为”等意义的动词时,如think, believe, imagine, suppose, expect, guess等,主句主语是第一人称,而且主句是一般现在时的时候,从句否定一般要转移到主句中。例如:‎ I don’t think he is right. 我认为他不对。  We don’t think we can learn math well without her help. ‎ 我们觉得没有她的帮助,我们不可能学好数学。‎ ‎(21)What do you think of…/How do you like …? ‎ 本句型表示“你认为/你感觉……怎么样?”。 用于询问主语对某事物的观点和看法。例如:‎ ‎—What do you think of our school? 你觉得我们的学校怎么样?‎ ‎—It’s very modern. 很现代化。‎ How do you like China?=What do you think of China?‎ 你觉得中国怎么样?‎ ‎(22)It’s said/ reported that…‎ 本句型表示“据说/据报道”的意思。that引导主语从句,表示所说的或所报道的内容。be said/ reported是被动语态,这个句型多用一般现在时。例如:‎ It’s said that the news is not true. 据说那个消息不是真的。‎ It is reported that 300 million people in China have eyesight trouble.‎ 据报道,在中国3.0亿人视力有问题。‎ ‎(23)one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数 ‎ one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“是最……之一”。 ‎ 例如:‎ China is one of the biggest countries in the world. ‎ 中国是世界上最大的国家之一。‎ My mother is one of the busiest people in my family.‎ 妈妈是我们家最忙的人之一。‎ ‎(24)one…the other; some…(the) others ‎ ‎1)One…the other…表示“两个人或物中的一个和另一个”,此时的other作代词。例如:‎ ‎ He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. ‎ 他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人。‎ ‎2)Some…others…表示“许多种的一些和另一些”,others是other的复数形式,泛指“另外几个、其余的”。the others ‎ 指除去一些剩下所有的,而others是另一些,不能涵盖剩下的所有情况。例如:‎ ‎ Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. ‎ 我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动。  Some agree with them, while the others disagree. ‎ 一些人同意他们的观点,其他人都反对。‎ ‎(25)not…at all ‎ not…at all 表示“一点也不……”,常用在否定句中,加强语气。not要与be动词或助动词连用。例如:We don’t speak English at all after class. 在课下我们根本不讲英语。    Though she made many mistakes, she doesn’t feel sorry at all. ‎ 尽管她犯了很多的错误,她一点都不惭愧。  注意:‎ Not at all.的用法如下: 1)用于回答感谢,意为“不用谢;不客气”。例如:‎ ‎—Thank you very much.多谢你了。‎ ‎—Not at a11.不客气。‎ ‎2)用于回答带有感谢性质的客套话,意为“没什么”。例如:‎ ‎—You are very kind.你真好。‎ ‎—Not at all . 没什么。‎ ‎3)用于回答道歉,意为“没关系”。例如:‎ ‎—I’m sorry to keep you waiting.对不起,让你久等了。‎ ‎—Oh,not at a11.I’ve been here only a few minutes.‎ 哦,没关系,我也刚到几分钟。‎ ‎4) 用来表示否定(是No的加强说法),意为“一点也不,完全不”。例如:‎ ‎—Are you busy? 你忙吗?‎ ‎—Not at a11.一点不忙。‎