中考英语 动词分类及短语 13页

中考专题 动词的分类及动词短语 第一讲 动词的分类 ‎【中考解读】‎ ‎【考点分布】1.实义动词 2.连系动词 3.助动词4.情态动词 ‎【考点内容】掌握实义动词中及物动词和不及物动词的语法作用 和延续性动词的用法，‎ ‎ 牢记连系动词和助动词基本用法及情态动词的辨析与运用。‎ ‎【命题趋势】1.考察在特殊语境中动词、连系动词、助动词及情态动词的运用 ‎ 2.实义动词的词义辨析 ‎【动词定义】：表示动作和状态的词 ‎【动词分类】：动词按照其词义和在句中的作用可分为：‎ ‎ 实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词 一、系动词 ‎ 系动词有一定的词义，不但不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，‎ ‎ 说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。具体分类见下表 类别 功能 例词 表示状态 的be动词 表示主语所处的状态 am, is, are, was, were 表示持续 的系动词 表示主语继续或保持某种身份或状态 keep, remain, stay, stand, lie 表示感官 的系动词 表示人体感官的系动词 look, feel, smell, taste, sound 表示状态 的系动词 表示主语从一种状态变换到另一种状态 become, get, go, grow, turn She is a friendly girl and always gets on well with others.她很友好，总是能和别人友好相处。‎ She becomes more beautiful than three years ago.她比三年前漂亮多了。‎ The window remained open all the night.这扇窗子整夜开着。‎ The food in that restaurant looks delicious, but it tastes bad.‎ ‎ 那家餐馆的食物看起来不错，但尝起来难吃。‎ ‎【注意】：‎ ‎（1）一般情况下，系动词没有被动语态形式。 ‎ ‎（2）表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时（feel除外）；变化系动词表示“渐渐……”，‎ ‎ 可用于进行时。‎ ‎ It’s getting warmer and warmer.天气渐渐变得暖和。‎ ‎7、—The oranges ____________sweet.‎ ‎—Of course. They are from Yongxing, Chenzhou.‎ A. taste B. eat C. drink ‎9、 —Why do you ______ so upset?‎ ‎—Because I didn’t get the first place in the English competition. ‎ ‎ A.look B.sound C.smell D. feel 二 、 助动词 助动词：本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、语气、人称和数，构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等。‎ 主要的助动词有be, do, does did have, has shall, will等。‎ ‎1.助动词be 助动词 功能 例句 be 现在进行时： ‎ am/ is/ are+现在分词 I am reading a book.我正在看书。‎ 过去进行时：‎ ‎ was/were+过去分词 I was cooking when my mom came back.‎ 当我妈妈回来的时候我正在煮饭。‎ 被动语态： be+过去分词 The clock was broken.那个钟表坏了。‎ ‎2.助动词do 助动词 功能 例句 do 构成疑问句、否定句 ‎（形式有do, does, did）‎ Do you come from Japan?你来自日本吗？‎ 加强语气 Do be careful!一定要小心点！‎ 代替主要动词 He could dance as well as he did before.‎ 他舞跳得和从前一样好。‎ 构成否定祈使 Don’t smoke here!不要在这里吸烟！‎ ‎3.助动词have/will/shall 助动词 功能 例句 have 构成现在完成时 I have been in Hong Kong for two days.‎ 我在香港呆了两天。‎ will/ shall 构成一般将来时 He will go to America tomorrow.他明天将要去美国。  We said we should finish the work soon.‎ 我们说过会很快完成那份工作的。‎ ‎【湖北随州2】22. —Hello, Lisa. What's the matter?‎ ‎ —I ______find my mobile phone. _______ you seen it?‎ ‎ A.couldn't; Did B. can't; Have C. need ; Had D. must; Are ‎( ) —Who _____ the first paper in the world?‎ ‎ —Cai Lun______‎ ‎ A.invented;did B.was invented;was C.did invented ;was D.invented;was ‎(2016•山东东营)20. “重要的事情说三遍” can be translated into “Important things must ‎ be again and again and again.” ‎ A. spoken B. repeated C. described D. introduced 三 实义动词 实义动词含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓语。‎ ‎ 实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词 ‎1.及物动词之后要跟名词或代词等作宾语意思才完整 ①及物动词+宾语 ‎ ‎ Could I use your computer?‎ ②及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 ‎ Vegetables help you to keep in good health.‎ ‎【拓展】带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：‎ ‎ make sb do sth let sb do sth have sb do sth see sb. do sth ‎ ‎ watch sb. do sth hear sb.do sth notice sb. do sth ③及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 ‎ Tom lent me a book yesterday.‎ ‎【常见带双宾语的动词】：‎ ‎ give /bring/buy/lend/get/leave/make/offer/pass/teach/tell/write/show等 ‎【拓展】 具有类似用法的还有：‎ give sb.sth.= give sth.to sb. pass sb.sth.= pass sth.to sb.‎ post sb.sth.= post sth.to sb. lend give sb.sth.= lend sth.to sb.‎ offer sb.sth.= offer sth.to sb. buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.‎ ‎2.不及物动词 不及物动词不能接宾语。‎ Tom arrived last Sunday.‎ He talks in a loud voice.‎ ‎【注】有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。‎ She can sing English songs.(及物)‎ She sings well.(不及物)‎ ‎2.不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语，但不及物动词后往往跟一个介词，构成短语动词之后才能 ‎ 跟宾语。‎ ‎ I often listen to music on weekends.‎ ‎(1).有些动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词 She can sing English songs.(及物)‎ She sings well.(不及物)‎ ‎(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语，它相当于一个及物动词。‎ ‎1)动词+介词 Tom is looking for his lost pen.‎ What are you talking about?‎ ‎【注】此类动词后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后面，不能放在动词和介词之间。‎ ‎2)动词+副词 When I grow up,I’ll be a policeman to catch thieves.‎ She dressed herself up before the party started.‎ ‎【注】代词作宾语时必须放在动词后、副词前，当宾语是名词时，放在副词前后均可。（动副短语代夹）‎ ‎3)动词+副词+介词 Keep away from the dangerous building.‎ Let’s keep in touch with each other.。‎ ‎4)动词+名词+介词 You should pay attention to your English speaking.‎ Please help yourself to some fish.‎ ‎【注】这类词组的名词前可以加形容词作定语，宾语只能放在介词之后。‎ ‎5)be+形容词+介词 He is interested in science.‎ I’m surprised at the news.‎ 常考动词辨析 ‎1.pay, spend, cost与take 易混词 主语 常用结构 例句 spend 人 sb spend time/money on sth 某人在某事上花费时间/金钱 sb spend time/money (in) doing sth 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 He spends much money on ‎ books.他将很多钱花在买书上。‎ pay 人 sb pay some money for sth某人为某物而付款； sb pay for sth某人为某物付钱，赔偿 He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine. ‎ 他买药付给医生50英镑 cost 事或物 cost sth cost (sb) some money 某物花费(某人)多少钱 It costs you 12 pounds to go to London by ship.乘船到伦敦要花费你12英镑。‎ take it it takes sb some time to do sth ‎ 某人花费多长时间做某事 It took me ten minutes to go to the post office. 我去邮局花了十分钟时间。‎ ‎(2016•江苏扬州)4. —What will the phone ________？‎ ‎—The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each.‎ A. spend B. cost C. pay D. afford ‎ ‎(2016•山东临沂)22. Before stamps, people didn’t _____ for the letters they sent, but for the letters they received.‎ A. pay B. cost C. spend D. take 黄冈)37. —I’m sorry, Mr Hu. I _____ my English exercise book at home.‎ ‎ —It doesn’t matter. Please remember _____ it here this afternoon.‎ ‎ A. forgot; to bring B.left; to take C.forgot; to take D.left; to bring ‎(2016·甘肃兰州)29. — How much does the TV ________?‎ ‎— Not too much. It’s just a second-handed one?‎ A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay for 2. speak, tell, talk与say ‎(1)say强调说话的内容或“(某处)写有”。 Say sth to sb ‎ ‎ I can say it in English. 我能用英语把它说出来。‎ ‎(2)speak 作不及物动词时，强调说话的动作；作及物动词时，后面加语言。Speak to sb ‎ ‎ The baby can't speak.这个婴儿不会说话。‎ ‎ speak English说英语 ‎(3)talk强调两人之间的谈话。‎ ‎ 常见搭配：talk with/to sb 和某人交谈；talk about sth 谈论某事。‎ ‎(4)tell意为“告诉；讲述”，后面常接双宾语。‎ Did you tell her the news?你把这个消息告诉她了吗？‎ She is talking with Lucy in English.她正在用英语和露茜交谈。‎ 常考搭配 tell sb a story 给某人讲故事 Tell sb sth 告诉某人某事 Tell a lie 撒谎 tell the truth 说实话 Tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不要）做某事 山东青岛2】—Do you know why he didn’t ____ a word when he________to?‎ ‎ —Because he was to nervous. ‎ ‎ A. speak ; speaks B. say ; was spoken C . say ；spoke D. speak ; is spoken 海南三亚2】—Mom,I am afraid that I can’t get through the hard time We’re having ‎ ‎ now.‎ ‎ —My boy,be brave and tell yourself_______ .‎ ‎ A.don’t give up B.not to give up C.not give up D.to give up ‎3.bring, take, carry, get, fetch 荆州】-Sam,my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you _______it for me ?‎ ‎ -No problem.‎ ‎ A bring B fetch C take D carry ‎【浙江绍兴4】—I’ve left my keys in the meeting room. Please ___them for me.‎ ‎ —All right.‎ ‎ A. buy B. paint C. wash D. fetch ‎【湖北襄阳1】—I’m sorry I left my homework at home.Shall I go and _____ it?‎ ‎ —No,you needn’t.Bring it here tomorrow.‎ ‎ A.get B.send C.take D.pass ‎4.borrow, lend, keep 单词 意义 常见搭配 例句 borrow 借(进)‎ borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 You can borrow this book from the library.‎ ‎　　你可以从图书馆借这本书 lend 借(出)‎ lend sb sth＝lend sth to sb 借给某人某物 You mustn't lend this book to others.‎ ‎　　你不能把这本书借给别人。‎ keep 保留， 引申为 “借用”‎ ‎“sb keep sth＋时间段”表示“某人借某多长时间”，也可与how long连用 You can keep the book for two weeks.‎ ‎　　这本书你可以借两个星期 ‎【四川南充1】—Excuse me,can I____ your pen?‎ ‎ —Sorry,I have ____ it to Bob.‎ ‎ A.borrow;lent B.borrow;borrowed C.lend;borrowed D.lend;lent ‎【贵州黔西南4】17. I ______ ＄300 for the bike. ‎ ‎ A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid ‎【甘肃白银】60. It only _______ me half an hour_______ to school every day last term.‎ ‎ A. takes; riding B. spent; to ride C. cost; walk D. took; to walk ‎ 浙江台州2】22. 一 Where are you going?‎ ‎ 一 To the library. I've finished reading this book, so I’m going to _______ it.‎ ‎ A. buy B. throw C. return D. borrow ‎【山东烟台1】— How long may I ___________ your dictionary?‎ ‎ 一 For one week. But it mustn't ______________ to others.‎ ‎ A. keep, be lent B. borrow, lend ‎ C. lend, be borrowed D. have, borrow 5. watch, look, see，read ‎（ ）I prefer _____TV to _____books.‎ ‎ A. watching；reading B. Reading；watching ‎ C .seeing； watching D .watching；looking ‎ ‎【云南曲靖】I _____ an article about first aid.It’s useful when I have an accident.‎ ‎ A.read B.saw C.looked D.watched ‎ ‎6.look for, find, look up， find out (1) look for意为“寻找”，强调找的动作和过程。‎ (2) find意为“找到，发现”，强调找的结果。‎ (3) find out意为“查出，获知”，强调经过研究、调查而得。‎ ‎(4)look up “向上看，查字典”，跟代词作宾语时，代词放中间。‎ ‎ She looked up and she saw many birds in the sky. ‎ ‎ 她抬头仰望，看见天空中有许多鸟儿。。‎ ‎【2014黑龙江绥化2】—What is Amy doing?‎ ‎ —She’s _____ her English book.‎ ‎ A.looking B.looking for C.looking out ‎(2016•河北)39. We need to do some research to _______ the answer.‎ A. find out B. look out C. hand out D. take out ‎ ‎(2016•湖北鄂州)23. —Could you tell me some information about the hotels in your country?‎ ‎— Why not _______ on the Internet?‎ A. look for it B. to look for it C. look it up D. to look it up ‎(2016•四川绵阳) 7. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to my grandparents at home.‎ ‎ A. look for B. look at C. look up D. look after ‎7.wear/put on/dress 词性及用法 含义 宾语 其他 wear v.表示 　　　　　　　状态 ‎    穿着， 　戴着 ‎ 衣服、鞋、帽、围巾、领带、眼镜等 1. put on的反义短语是take off；‎ 2. put on还可表示“上演”，‎ 3. take off也可表示“(飞机)起飞”。 2．be dressed in＝be in＝be wearing 穿着；‎ 4. get dressed 穿戴好；dress up (as)装扮成 留着 胡须 Put on v.表示动作 穿上，带上 ‎  衣服、鞋、帽等 dress v.表示　　　　　　　动作 给某人 ‎ 穿衣服 某人（或自己）‎ ‎【鞍山】She hurriedly______the child and took himdownstair.‎ ‎ A. put on B. wore C. dressed D. had on ‎【广西贵港4】Although Lucy is only three years old,she is able to ____ herself.‎ ‎ A.put B.make C.wear D.dress ‎ ‎【山东枣庄】Why are you a T-shirt? You’ll probably catch a cold in this cold ‎ weather ‎ ‎ A. wearing B. recycling C. pulling D. selling ‎8.attend， join， join in与take part in 　　‎ attend指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、去上课、上学、听报告等。如：‎ ‎ ◆join有两个用法：‎ ‎①指加入某个党派、团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为“参军、入团、入党”等。‎ ‎ ②参加到某个人群中去，其结构为：join sb. in (doing） sth.，根据上下文，in (doing） sth.中doing也可以省去。‎ ‎ ◆join in多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：‎ ‎ ◆take part in 指参加某项临时性的活动。如： ‎ ‎(1)join表示加入某一党派或社会团体等组织而成为其中的一员。‎ ‎　join in 意为“加入；参加(某种活动)”，表示“参加某人的某种活动”时，‎ ‎ 可用join sb in (doing) sth。‎ ‎　　Will you join us in playing basketball?你愿意和我们一起打篮球吗？‎ (2) take part in指参加会议或群众性活动，‎ ‎ 重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用。‎ ‎　　。‎ ‎【天津3】He ______an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.‎ ‎ A protected B produced C joined D received 9. reach ，arrive 与get to 词汇 词性 用法 例句 arrive 不及物动词 arrive in+大地方 arrive at+小地方 ‎ He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.‎ ‎ 他昨天到了上海。‎ reach 及物动词 reach+地方 When did you reach New York? 你什么时候到纽约的？‎ get to 动词词组 get to+地方 We got to the top of the mountain at noon. 我们在中午到达了山顶。‎ ‎【黑龙江绥化】—Who was the first to ____ school yesterday? —Tom was.‎ ‎ A.reach B.get C.arrive 10. hear from，hear of 与 hear 词汇 释义+用法 例句 hear from ‎“收到……的来信”,后加sb.‎ I heard from my father last week.‎ hear of ‎“听说”，后面加sth./sb.‎ Have you ever heard of the Great Wall? 你听说过长城吗？‎ hear ‎“听到”+宾语+宾补 I hear a girl singing. 我听到一个女孩在唱歌。‎ ‎“听说”+宾语从句 I heard that you can cure cancer with this medicine. 我听说你可以用这药来治癌症 ‎11.turn on, turn off, turn up与turn down ‎【拓展】：turn短语小结 turn around转身，调头 turn back 返回，折回 turn in上交，告发 turn into成为，翻译 turn out结果是，出席 turn over翻身，翻转 turn to翻到，转向 in turn依次地，轮流地 It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了 ‎(2016·湖北黄冈)32. —Would you like to attend the farewell party next week, Mr. Huang?‎ ‎ —Sure, I’d love to. I have no reason to _____your invitation.‎ ‎ A. turn down B.turn off C.turn up D.turn on ‎(2016•四川攀枝花)22. Would you please _______ your MP3 a little? Your baby sister is sleeping.‎ A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on D. turn in ‎12.provide，offer, give与supply ‎◆provide 指“供给，提供，装备，准备”，provide sb with sth ‎ ◆offer强调“主动提供”,offer sb sth =offer sth to sb ‎ ‎ ◆give意为“供给,给出”，give sb sth =give sth to sb ‎ ‎ 【湖北武汉】—How’s Bob now?‎ ‎ —I heard the company_____ him a very good job,but he turned it down.‎ ‎ A.donated B.served C.offered D.introduced ‎【甘肃兰州4】37. Parents often their children some good advice.‎ ‎ A. offer: with B. offer;／ C. provide; with D. both B and C 一、短语动词分类：‎ ‎1.动词+介词 ‎ ‎ ask for 请求 belong to 属于 look at 看 ‎ look after 照顾 learn from 向…学习 remind of 提醒 ‎ take after 与…相像arrive in／at到达   ‎ ask for要，请求 do well in在……方面做得好 go on继续  ‎ hear from收到……来信  hear of听说 Help sb. with sth.帮助……做  ‎ laugh at嘲笑 learn from向……学习 leave for离开一地去另一地  ‎ talk to与……谈话  go in for从事，致力于  put up穿上，挂上  ‎ take down拿下，取了 look at（有意识地）看  speak to对某人说  ‎ send for派人去请 shout at大声叫喊，吼叫 take away拿走，带走 ‎ think of考虑，关心  Turn into把……变成   wait for等候，等待 ‎ take off脱下，起飞  turn on／off打开（关上） listen to听  ‎ look after照顾，照看  look for寻找  look like 看上去像 ‎ get to 到达  point to 指着……  fill with充满，装满  begin with以……开始  deal／do with处置，对待  meet with偶尔遇见，遭遇  pass on传递  ‎ belong to属于write to写信给…… call on号召，访问，邀请 ‎ die of死于……  depend on依靠，依赖smile at向……微笑 believe in信任 ‎ ‎2.动词+ 副词 ‎ take away 拿走 wake up 醒来 put off 推迟 ‎ give out 分发 think over 考虑 end up 结束 ‎3.动词+ 副词+ 介词 come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完 get along with 与…相处 do well in 擅长 look forward to 期望 ‎4.动词+ 名词+ 介词 take part in 参加 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意 take care of 照顾 ‎5.系动词+ 形容词+ 介词 ‎ be strict with 对……要求严格 be mad at 对…..恼火 ‎ ‎ be full of 充满 be different from 与……不同 二、 短语动词的用法：‎ ‎1.以介词结尾的短语动词，后面接名词，代词，动名词作其宾语，该名词，代词或动名词必须放在介词的后面。‎ ‎ think of 想起 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 agree with 同意 ask for 请求 ‎2.“动词+副词” 结构的短语动词后可解名词，代词或动名词作宾语。‎ ‎ （1） 接名词时，可以放在短语中间，或短语之后 ‎（2） 接代词时，代词只能放在动词或副词之间 put on 穿上 put off 脱下 put up 挂起 give up 放弃 give away 捐赠 hand out 分发 wake up 叫醒 ‎ 1. 相同动词+不同介词 ‎ ①look短语 ‎ ‎1 look after照顾;照看 ‎2. look at看;朝……看 ‎3. look down upon看不起;轻视 ‎4. look forward to盼望;期待 ‎5. look for寻找;寻求 ‎6. look into 向……里面看去;调查 ‎7.look like看起来像 ‎8. look out of...往……外看 ‎9. look out当心;留神 ‎10.look over检查 ‎11. look through浏览 ‎12. look up to钦佩;仰慕 ‎13. look up（在词典、参考书等中）查阅;查找 ‎ ②turn短语）‎ turn on打开, turn off关闭，turn up调高；调大，‎ turn down调小；调低 turn...into把……变成 ‎ ③put短语）‎ ‎ put up举手；张贴， put on穿上， put off推迟，‎ ‎ put down写下；记下， put away把……收起来放好， put out熄灭，出版 ‎ 2. 不同动词+相同介词 ‎ ①up短语 ‎ give up放弃，fix up修理，cheer up使……高兴，get up起床，‎ ‎ set up建立， wake up使……醒来，take up占据，从事 ‎②with短语 ‎ come up with想出， catch up with赶上， begin with以……开始，‎ ‎ start with以……开始，end up with以……结束 ‎。:keep out阻止进入，help out分发，泄露，take away带走；拿走，give ‎ away帮助……‎ 中考必须掌握的动词短语记忆归纳】‎ 动词短语 ‎1. aim at瞄准；针对；致力于；旨在 ‎2. arrive at(in) a place到达某地 ‎3. begin with...以……开始 ‎4. believe in信任；信赖 ‎5. belong to属于 ‎6. blow out 吹来 ‎7. break down 停止运转；出故障 ‎8. break off 突然中止；中断 ‎9. break out　(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发 ‎10. bring back 恢复；使想起；归还 ‎11. bring good luck to...给……带来好运 ‎12. bring out 使显现；使表现出 ‎13. bring up教育；培养 ‎14. call(sb.) back （给某人）回电话 ‎15. care about 关心；在意 ‎16. care for关心；关怀；照顾 ‎17. catch up with 赶上（或超过）‎ ‎18. change into转换成；把……变成 ‎19. check in 报到；登记 ‎ ‎20. check out查明；结账 ‎21. cheer up使振奋；使高兴起来 ‎22. clean out清除；把……打扫干净 ‎23. clean up（把……）打扫干净；（把……）收拾整齐 ‎24. clean...off 把……擦掉 ‎25. clear out 清理；丢掉 ‎26. come across（偶然）遇见（或发现）‎ ‎27. come along（意外地）出现；发生；来到 ‎28. come back回来；想起来 ‎29. come from出生（于）；来自 ‎30. come on 来吧；赶快；加油 ‎31. come out出版；发表 ‎32. come over顺便来访 ‎33. come true（希望等）实现 ‎34. come up with 想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等）‎ ‎35. compare...with比较；对比 ‎36. concentrate on全神贯注；专心于 ‎37. connect with...与……相连 ‎38. cut out 删除；删去 ‎39. cut down砍倒 ‎40. cut off 切除 ‎41. cut up切碎 ‎42. deal with处理；应付 ‎43. depend on(upon) 依靠；相信；信赖 ‎44. depend on视……而定；决定于 ‎45. do one’s best尽某人最大的努力 ‎46. dress up穿上盛装；装扮 ‎47. drop by顺便（或偶然）来访 ‎48. eat out 出去吃饭 ‎49. end up以……结束；结果为……；最后处于 ‎50. fall asleep入睡 ‎51. fall behind落后 ‎52. fall down 落下；摔倒 ‎53. fall in love with爱上（某人或某物）‎ ‎54. fall into落入；陷入 ‎55. fall over 绊倒 ‎56. find out查明；发现；了解 ‎57. fix up修理；修补 ‎58. get along with...与……相处 ‎59. get away逃离 ‎60. get back回来 ‎61. get in the way of 挡……的路；妨碍 ‎62. get off脱下（衣服等）；下车 ‎63. get on well with和睦相处；关系良好 ‎64. get on相处；进展 ‎65. get out of 离开；从……出来 ‎66. get out 出去；离开 ‎67. get over 克服；恢复；原谅 ‎68. get up 起床 ‎69. get/be ready for 为……做好准备 ‎70. give away赠送；分发 ‎71. give back归还；送回；恢复（健康）等 ‎72. give birth to 生；产生 ‎73. give in 投降 ‎74. give out分发；发放 ‎75. give up 放弃 ‎76. give...a lift捎（某人）一程 ‎77. go for a walk去散步 ‎78. go off 发出响声 ‎79. go on doing...继续干某事；不停地干某事 ‎80. go on with 继续 ‎81. go out 出去；熄灭 ‎82. go over 仔细检查；复习 ‎83. go to the movies 看电影 ‎84. grow up成长；长大 ‎85. hand in交上；提交；呈送 ‎86. hand out分发；发放 ‎87. hang out　（俚语）闲荡；闲逛 ‎88. hang up挂断电话 ‎89. have a cold着凉；感冒 ‎90. have a look看一看 ‎91. have classes上课 ‎92. hear from收到……的来信 ‎93. hear of 听说 ‎94. help oneself to请随便吃点 ‎95. help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人 ‎96. help(sb.)out帮助（某人）解决困难 ‎97. hold on to继续；坚持；保持 ‎98. hurry up 赶快；快点 ‎99. join in参加；加入 ‎100. keep in touch with...与……保持联系 ‎101. keep off勿踏；勿踩 ‎102. keep out不让……进入 ‎103. keep...away from 避免……接近；远离……‎ ‎104. kick sb.off 开除某人 ‎105. knock at 敲 ‎106. knock into...与……相撞 ‎107. laugh at嘲笑；取笑 ‎108. lay out 摆开；布置 ‎109. lead to导致；导向 ‎110. leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略 ‎111. lie down 躺下 ‎112. listen to... 听……‎ ‎113. look after照顾；照看 ‎114. look at看；朝……看 ‎115. look down upon看不起；轻视 ‎116. look forward to盼望；期待 ‎117. look for寻找；寻求 ‎118. look into 向……里面看去；调查 ‎119. look like看起来像 ‎120. look out of...往……外看 ‎121. look out当心；留神 ‎122. look over检查 ‎123. look through浏览 ‎124. look up to钦佩；仰慕 ‎125. look up（在词典、参考书等中）查阅；查找 ‎126. major in主修；专研 ‎127. make friends with...与……交朋友 ‎128. make up one’s mind下定决心 ‎129. make up 编造；组成；拼凑成;形成；构成 ‎130. mix up混合在一起 ‎131. open up打开 ‎132. pass by 路过；经过 ‎133. pass on传递 ‎134. pay attention to 对……注意；留心 ‎135. pay back 偿还(借款等)‎ ‎136. pay for 付……账；付买……的钱 ‎137. pay off偿清（欠款等）‎ ‎138. pick up 捡起 ‎139. point out指出 ‎140. prepare for 为……做准备 ‎141. prevent from妨碍；防止；预防 ‎142. put away把……暂时收起来；储存……备用 ‎143. put down 记下，写下；放下 ‎144. put off推迟；拖延 ‎145. put on穿；戴上；上演 ‎146. put out扑灭；熄灭（火）；关灯 ‎147. put up张贴；搭建 ‎148. ring off挂断电话；停止讲话 ‎149. ring up 打电话 ‎150. run away逃跑；跑掉 ‎151. run off 跑掉；迅速离开 ‎152. run out(of) 用尽；耗尽 ‎153. see off送行 ‎154. sell out卖完；售光 ‎155. set off 动身；起程；使爆发 ‎156. set out 出发；启程 ‎157. set up 建立；创立；开办 ‎158. shout at...冲……大声叫嚷 ‎159. shout to...对……大声喊叫 ‎160. show up出席；露面 ‎161. shut off 关闭；停止运转 ‎162. stay away from 与……保持距离 ‎163. stay up不睡觉；熬夜 ‎164. stick to坚持；固守 ‎165. take down 拆除；往下拽；记录 ‎166. take in吸入；吞入（体内）；欺骗 ‎167. take a message捎个口信；传话 ‎168. take a photo拍照 ‎169. take a shower淋浴；洗澡 ‎170. take a trip 去旅行 ‎171. take a vacation去度假 ‎172. take a walk散步 ‎173. take after（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像 ‎174. take an interest in...对……感兴趣 ‎175. take away拿走 ‎176. take breaks(take a break) 休息 ‎177. take care of 照顾；照看 ‎178. take care当心；小心 ‎179. take down取下 ‎180. take it easy从容；轻松；别紧张 ‎181. take notes做笔记 ‎182. take off起飞；成功 ‎183. take one’s order点菜 ‎184. take one’s place代替；替换 ‎185. take one’s temperature 量体温 ‎186. take on呈现；雇用 ‎187. take out the rubbish倒垃圾 ‎188. take out取出 ‎189. take part in参加……；参与……‎ ‎190. take place 发生 ‎191. take pride in...对……感到自豪 ‎192. take risks(take a risk) 冒险 ‎193. take the subway乘地铁 ‎194. take time 花费(时间)‎ ‎194. take up占据时间、空间；开始从事；拿起 ‎196. take... seriously认真对待……‎ ‎197. talk about谈论；讨论；议论 ‎198. talk to...跟……说 ‎199. thanks for为……而感谢 ‎200. think about 考虑（是否去做）‎ ‎201. think of 思考；考虑 ‎202. think up想出 ‎203. throw away扔掉 ‎204. try on 试穿；试试看 ‎205. try one’s best某人尽力做 ‎206. try out 选拔；试用 ‎207. turn down把……调低；关小 ‎208. turn off关掉 ‎209. turn on打开 ‎210. turn up开大（声音）；到达；露面 ‎211. turn...into把……变成 ‎212. use up用完；用光；耗尽 ‎213. used to do sth.过去常常做某事 ‎214. used to过去常常；以前常常（后接不定式，表示过去的习惯）‎ ‎215. wait for等候；等待 ‎216. wake up睡醒；醒来 ‎217. walk into走进 ‎218. work on 从事；忙于 ‎219. work out产生结果；发展；成功 ‎220. worry about担心；烦恼 ‎221. write down写下；记下