2019高考英语人教一轮预热自练巩固题必修3U2及答案 8页

‎2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练巩固题必修3U2及答案 ‎***阅读理解。‎ Flaubert had it that “one way of tolerating existence is to lose oneself in literature as in an unending party”．It turns out that reading doesn't only help us to tolerate existence，but actually lengthens it.‎ A recent study by Yale University researchers，published online in the journal Social Science & Medicine，concluded that “book readers experienced a 20 percent reduction in the risk of death over the 12 years of followup compared to nonreaders”．‎ The data was obtained from the study sponsored by the National Institute on Aging.The study looked at 3,635 subjects，all older than 50，whom the researchers divided into three groups：those who didn't read books，those who read up to 3.5 hours a week and those who read more than 3.5 hours a week.‎ The findings were remarkable：on average，book readers survived almost two years longer than those who didn't crack open a book.The more the subjects read，the longer they lived，but as little as 30 minutes a day was still beneficial in terms of survival.‎ Accounting for factors such as education level，income and health status，the study found that those who read more than 3.5 hours weekly were 23 percent less likely to die during that 12year period.Those who read up to 3.5 hours—an average of a half hour a day—were 17 percent less likely.‎ ‎“In other words，just like a healthy diet and exercise，books appear to promote a significant survival advantage，” the authors concluded.‎ Why or how that's_the_case remains unclear；the research showed only an association between book reading and longevity，not a causal relationship.But the findings are not so surprising.Other recent research showed that reading novels appears to increase both brain connectivity and sympathy.‎ ‎1．Why does the author mention Flaubert's words in the first paragraph?‎ A．To stress the value of reading.‎ B．To compare reading with a party.‎ C．To introduce the study on reading.‎ D．To support the findings of the study.‎ ‎2．From the text，what can we learn about the study?‎ A．No similar study on reading has been carried out.‎ B．The process of the study lasted more than ten years.‎ C．It shows readers live two years longer than nonreaders.‎ D．It shows time spent on reading increases one's love for it.‎ ‎3．What do the underlined words“that's the case”probably mean?‎ A．Reading books enables people to live longer.‎ B．Reading is similar to a healthy diet and exercise.‎ C．Reading books is closely associated with longevity.‎ D．Reading increases brain connectivity and sympathy.‎ ‎4．Where can we most probably read this text?‎ A．https：//www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/family.‎ B．https：//www.barnesandnoble.com/b/books/comingsoon.‎ C．https：//www.washingtonpost.com/news/toyourhealth.‎ D．http：//www.thebookbag.co.uk/Book_Recommendations.‎ ‎【解题导语】研究发现，阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁。‎ ‎【难句分析】The study looked at 3 , 635 subjects，all older than 50，whom the researchers divided into three groups：those who didn't read books，those who read up to 3.5 hours a week and those who read more than 3.5 hours a week.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中whom the researchers divided into three groups为whom引导的非限制性定语从句；who didn't read books以及who read up to 3.5 hours a week和who read more than 3.5 hours a week都为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those。‎ 译文：这项研究调查了3 635名年龄超过50岁的实验对象，研究人员将他们分为三组：从来不读书的人，每周阅读3.5小时的人，每周阅读超过3.5小时的人。‎ ‎1．C　考查推理判断。文章第一段引用福楼拜的名言说明读书的作用，接着第二段介绍了耶鲁大学关于读书与死亡风险之间关系的研究。据此可以判断，引用福楼拜的名言旨在介绍对阅读的作用的研究，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．B　考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句中的“book readers experienced a 20 percent reduction in the risk of death over the 12 years of followup compared to nonreaders”可知，在12年的跟踪调查中发现，与不读书的人相比，阅读者的死亡风险降低了20%。据此可知，该项调查持续了十多年，故B项正确。A项文中没有提及；C项错在two years longer than nonreaders，与第四段的第一句“The findings were remarkable：on average，book readers survived almost two years longer than those who didn't crack open a book”中的almost表述不符；D项文中没有提及。‎ ‎3．A　考查词义猜测。根据上文中的“books appear to promote a significant survival advantage”及上文所述的研究结论“读书可以延长寿命”和该句“Why or how that's_the_case remains unclear；the research showed only an association between book reading and longevity，not a causal ‎ relationship”可知，阅读为什么以及以什么方式延长读者寿命，人们仍然不清楚。据此可知，画线词指代研究表明的“读书可以延长寿命”，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．C　考查文章出处。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁，阅读能增强大脑的功能。据此可以判断，本文属于健康话题，因此最可能摘自健康网站，故C项正确。根据A项https：//www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/family可知，该网站介绍家庭生活方式；根据B项https：//www.barnesandnoble.com /b/books/comingsoon可知，该网站介绍即将出版的新书；根据D项http：//www.thebookbag.co.uk/Book_Recommendations可知，该网站主要推荐书籍。‎ ‎***语法填空。‎ No one loves me more than my parents, especially my father. My father is stout and strong, __1__a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes. At first sight you may find him hard __2__(approach). In fact he is very kind and considerate. I believe my father is a __3__(talent) man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things. By his own talents and years of efforts, he __4__ (provide) his family with a good social position and a __5__(relative) rich life. Besides, he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone, so people from all walks of life come to my house, from __6__I've gained lots of social experience. But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high __7__(expectation) of me. I can see that my idling time away __8__(hurt) him deeply, while if I have done something great and meaningful, such as __9__(write) a book, he will be more excited than me. I always remind myself I must go on and on, and never __10__I give up halfway.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。没有人比“我”的父母，尤其是“我”的父亲，更爱“我”了。他会为“我”虚度光阴而伤心，也会为“我”做了有意义的事而高兴。为了他，“我”总是提醒自己不要半途而废。‎ ‎1．with　考查介词。此处用“介词with＋宾语(名语短语)＋宾补(介词短语)”构成with的复合结构。‎ ‎2．to approach　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式和hard一起作宾语补足语。‎ ‎3．talented　考查词性转换。修饰名词man应用talent的形容词形式talented，作定语。talented “有才能的，有才干的”。‎ ‎4．has provided　考查动词的时态。分析语境可知，此处应用现在完成时表示父亲多年的努力和辛苦对现在产生的积极影响。‎ ‎5．relatively　考查词性转换。修饰形容词rich应用副词。‎ ‎6．whom　考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。先行词是people，指人，关系词在介词后面，作宾语，故填whom。此处表示“我”从来自各行各业的人那里获得丰富的社会经验。‎ ‎7．expectations　考查名词的数。expectation作“期望”讲时，通常用复数形式；have high expectations of sb.“对某人寄予厚望”。‎ ‎8．hurts　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示“我”虚度光阴深深地伤害了他。结合上下文时态判断，此处应用一般现在时，动名词的复合结构“my idling time away”作主语，谓语动词用单数，故此空应填hurts。‎ ‎9．writing　考查非谓语动词。此处在“such as”后面作宾语，故应用动名词。‎ ‎10．will　考查助动词。此句是否定副词never位于句首的倒装句，故此空应填入助动词或情态动词，结合语境可知，此处表示“我”的决心和承诺，故用助动词will。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ We have all heard of giant pandas, and know that they are endangered. When one has babies, it makes national news __1__， and pictures of their babies are __2__ circulated. But it now seems that the giant panda is not __3__ of itself.‎ The lovely animals have __4__ a classic test of selfawareness. They cannot __5__ themselves in the mirror. Researchers use the mirror recognition test to __6__ whether children or animals have a __7__ of selfawareness.‎ In the test, an animal is presented __8__ a mirror. Researchers then watch to see __9__ it notices a mark on its face, which is only __10__ in the mirror. If the animal notices the mark, it often __11__ it. Human children often pass the test when they are only two years old.‎ Many other animals have passed the mirror test, including monkeys, Asian elephants and even pigeons. But when researchers tested pandas, __12__ of them did the same thing as those animals did. __13__， each panda behaved as if their __14__ in the mirror was another panda altogether. They acted as if they were __15__ by what they saw in the mirror, scratching their feet and walking __16__.‎ The __17__ of this research will help design better areas for animals in captivity (圈养). For example, onedirectional glass sometimes used in the areas may __18__ pandas to feel stressed when they see their own image in the __19__. That's because they might believe it to be another panda, __20__ themselves.‎ ‎1．A.papers　　　　　B．covers C．headlines D．pages ‎2．A.widely B．popularly ‎ C．especially D．completely ‎3．A.shy B．fond C．conscious D．confident ‎4．A.failed B．ignored C．faced D．conducted ‎5．A.observe B．discover C．recognize D．understand ‎6．A.believe in B．find out C．pick out D．take in ‎7．A.sense B．question C．opinion D．thought ‎8．A.for B．with C．in D．before ‎9．A.how B．when C．why D．whether ‎10．A.touchable B．seeable C．sensible D．possible ‎11．A.dismisses B．admits C．feels D．moves ‎12．A.all B．most C．one D．none ‎13．A.Thus B．However C．Instead D．Still ‎14．A.reaction B．reflection C．operation D．imagination ‎15．A.trapped B．amazed C．threatened D．teased ‎16．A.backwards B．alone C．forwards D．along ‎17．A.failure B．outcome C．success D．review ‎18．A.cause B．prepare C．accelerate D．urge ‎19．A.eyes B．cages C．zoo D．glass ‎20．A.other than B．regardless of C．because of D．rather than ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文对大熊猫、儿童还有其他的动物都做了有关自我意识感方面的研究，结果显示大熊猫的自我认知很差，即使照镜子，它们也认不出镜子里的自己。‎ ‎1．C　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“and know that they are endangered”可推知，当一个大熊猫有宝宝后，很快就会上国内新闻头条。C项意为“头条(新闻)”，符合语境。A项意为“报纸”；B项意为“封面”；D项意为“页码”，均与语境不符。故选C项。‎ ‎2．A　考查副词辨析。上文提到，当一个大熊猫有宝宝后，很快就会上国内新闻头条；由此可推知，大熊猫宝宝的照片会被广泛传阅。A项意为“广泛地”，符合语境。B项意为“流行地”；C项意为“特别地”；D项意为“完全地”，均与语境不符。故选A项。‎ ‎3．C　考查形容词辨析。根据第二段第一句中的“a classic test of selfawareness”可知，这里指的是现在看起来大熊猫是没有自我意识的。C项意为“有意识的”，符合语境。A项意为“害羞的”；B项意为“喜欢的”；D项意为“自信的”，均与语境不符。故选C项。‎ ‎4．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“They cannot... have a ________ of selfawareness.”可知，可爱的大熊猫没有通过这种经典的自我意识测试。A项意为“失败”，符合语境。B项意为“忽视”；C项意为“面对”；D项意为“指挥，引导”，均与语境不符。故选A项。‎ ‎5．C　考查动词辨析。根据下文的“Researchers use the mirror recognition...”可知，此处指大熊猫认不出镜子中的自己。C项意为“辨认出”，符合语境。A项意为“观察”；B项意为“发现”；D项意为“理解”，均与语境不符。故选C项。‎ ‎6．B　考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，此处指研究者的目的是弄清楚孩子或动物是否有自我认知。B项意为“找到，弄清楚”，符合语境。A项意为“相信，信任”；C项意为“挑选出”；D项意为“吸收，欺骗”，均与语境不符。故选B项。‎ ‎7．A　考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指自我认知，是一种感觉。A项意为“感觉”，a sense of为固定搭配，意为“一种……感”，符合语境。B项意为“问题”；C项意为“观点”；D项意为“想法”，均与语境不符。故选A项。‎ ‎8．B　考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指在实验中，动物在镜子中呈现出来。表示使用某种工具，应用介词with。‎ ‎9．D　考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指研究者想观察大熊猫是否能注意到它脸上的记号。故选D项。‎ ‎10．B　考查形容词辨析。根据常识可知，在自己脸上的标记，只有在镜子中才能看到。B项意为“可见的”，符合语境。A项意为“可触摸的”；C项意为“可觉察的”；D项意为“可能的”，均与语境不符。故选B项。‎ ‎11．C　考查动词辨析。根据下文的“Many other animals have passed the mirror test”可知，此处指如果动物注意到脸上的标记，它会感受到这个标记的。C项意为“感受，感觉”，符合语境。A项意为“解雇，解散”；B项意为“承认”；D项意为“移动”，均与语境不符。故选C项。‎ ‎12．D　考查代词辨析。根据上文及转折词“but”可知，此处指没有一只大熊猫像其他动物一样能感受到脸上的标记。故选D项。‎ ‎13．C　考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指“相反，每一只大熊猫表现得就像镜子里的影像是其他大熊猫”。C项意为“代替，而不是”，符合语境。A项意为“因此”；B项意为“然而”；D项意为“仍然”，均与语境不符。故选C项。‎ ‎14．B　考查名词辨析。根据常识可知，镜子中应是映照出的影像。B项意为“映像，倒影”，符合语境。A项意为“反应”；C项意为“操作，手术”；D项意为“想象”。均与语境不符。故选B项。‎ ‎15．C　考查动词辨析。根据下文中熊猫的反应可知，熊猫表现出好像受到镜子中“自己”的威胁。C项意为“威胁”，符合语境。A项意为“使陷入困境，卡住”；B项意为“使惊讶”；D项意为“取笑，戏弄”，均与语境不符。故选C项。‎ ‎16．A　考查副词辨析。根据常识可知，害怕会向后退。A项意为“向后”，符合语境。B项意为“独自地”；C项意为“向前”；D项意为“一起，沿着”，均与语境不符。故选A项。‎ ‎17．B　考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指研究的结果。B项意为“结果”，符合语境。A项意为“失败”；C项意为“成功”；D项意为“复习”，均与语境不符。故选B项。‎ ‎18．A　考查动词辨析。由语境可知，此处指可以成像的玻璃会让大熊猫感到有压力。cause sb. to do sth. 意为“导致某人做某事”，符合语境。B项意为“准备”；C项意为“加速”；D项意为“督促”，均与语境不符。故选A项。‎ ‎19．D　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“onedirectional glass”可知，glass符合语境。故选D项。‎ ‎20．D　考查介词短语辨析。由语境可知，此处指这就是因为大熊猫相信镜子里是别的大熊猫而不是自己。D项意为“而不是”，符合语境。A项意为“除了”；B项意为“不管”；C项意为“因为”，均与语境不符。故选D项。‎ ‎***短文改错。‎ Dear Li Ming，‎ I am writing to ask about if you are able to do me a favor. I want to have a pen friend, who'd better being a girl in her early twenty, and with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone interesting in traveling, swimming, and playing table tennis. Beside, it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have been keeping that at home for some time. With such a pen pal, I hope I can share her my experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in the common. I believe I would improve my English by doing so and learning more about her country. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：‎ Dear Li Ming，‎ I am writing to ask you are able to do me a favor. I want to have a pen friend, who'd better a girl in her early ， and with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone in traveling, swimming, and playing table tennis. ， it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have been keeping at home for some time. With such a pen pal, I hope I can share her my experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common. I believe I improve my English by doing so and more about her country. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 难项分析：‎ 第一处：去掉about或if→whether　考查宾语从句的连接词。由介词about可知，应用whether引导宾语从句，介词后的宾语从句一般不用if引导。也可删去about，由if引导该宾语从句。‎ 第五处：Beside→Besides　考查副词。besides在此处的意思是“此外”，beside是介词，意为“在……旁边”，根据语境可知，应把Beside改为Besides。‎ 第十处：learning→learn　考查情态动词的用法。此处的动词和前面的improve并列，位于情态动词后，共同作宾语从句的谓语，故把learning改为learn。‎