走向高考2014高三英语人教版一轮课后强化作业41Women of achievement 7页

Unit 1　Women of achievement[来源:zzstep.com]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．No matter which country you travel to, you should ________ (遵守) the law of the land.‎ ‎2．Having a large family to ________ (支撑，养活), he took up two parttime jobs in his spare time.‎ ‎3．He is such a great man that all of us show our ________ (尊敬) for him.‎ ‎4．The little boy's bad ________ (行为，举止) at the party made his parents upset.‎ ‎5．Her research showed the ________ (关系) between chimps and human beings.[来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎6．Paul Robertson's ________ (成就) as both an actor and a concert performer gained his international recognition in the early 1940's.‎ ‎7．We had an ________ (争论) about politics.‎ ‎8．She is due to ________ (发表) a lecture on genetic engineering.‎ ‎9．________ (激励) by the teacher's words, he is determined to study harder than before.‎ ‎10．He thinks it ________ (值得的) to devote all his life to teaching since he has won great respect from his students.‎ 答案：1.observe　2.support　3.respect　4.behaviour　5.connections　6.achievements　7.argument　8.deliver　9.Inspired ‎10．worthwhile Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．如今，越来越多的年轻人花太多的时间来上网。‎ Nowadays more and more young people________ ________ ________ ________ ________surfing the Internet.‎ ‎2．尽管穷，他们也不应该受到轻视。‎ Although poor, they should not________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎3．冬季流感爆发时要尽可能多喝些水。‎ When flu broke out in winter, drink________ ________ ________ ________ ________.[来源:z.zs.tep.com]‎ ‎4．当人群涌入时，我碰巧遇见一位朋友。‎ When the people________ ________， I______ ________a friend of mine.‎ ‎5．只有当我长大成人的时候，我才会嫁给一个我爱的人。‎ Only after I grow up________ ________ ________a man that I love.‎ 答案：1.devote too much time to　2.be looked down upon/on　3.as much water as possible　4.crowded in; came across　5.can I marry Ⅲ.单项填空 ‎1．When______a new word, you'd better______a dictionary.‎ A．come across; refer to B．coming across; consult C．coming across; look up D．come across; look through 答案：B　考查短语。句意：当遇到新词时，你最好查查词典。come across“遇到，发现”；consult“查询”。‎ ‎2．From Mum's love, patience and understanding, I have learned what a huge responsibility________is to raise a child.[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]‎ A．it　　　　　　　　　　 B．that C．this D．one 答案：A　考查it的用法。句意：从母亲的爱、耐心和理解中，我知道了养育孩子是多么重大的职责。it指代不定式to raise a child。‎ ‎3．Strangely enough, some books______for children have become popular among adults!‎ A．intended B．to intend ‎ C．intending D．intend 答案：A　考查非谓语动词。句意：奇怪的是，一些为孩子们写的书在成年人中很受欢迎。be intended for“为……而(做、建)；供……用”，因此intend与books之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词。[来源:中,国教,育出,版网]‎ ‎4．—Mum, can I have another piece of bread?‎ ‎—________.‎ A．Behave yourself B．Help yourself ‎ C．You got it D．You are welcome 答案：B　考查交际用语。Help yourself “请自己动手用餐吧”。再如：Help yourself to this apple pie.请吃点苹果馅饼。behave yourself“行为规矩些”；you got it“你理解了它”；you are welcome“没事，不客气”。‎ ‎5．It is required that all traffic participants should________the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster.‎ A．perform B．possess ‎ C．observe D．support 答案：C　考查动词。observe the traffic rules“遵守交通规则”。‎ ‎6．It is very________of you not to talk aloud while the baby is asleep.‎ A．concerned B．careful ‎ C．considerable D．considerate 答案：D　考查形容词。句意：你真是太体贴人了，小孩睡觉时不大声说话。considerate“体贴人的，考虑仔细的”；concerned“担心的，忧虑的”；careful“‎ 仔细的，认真的”；considerable“相当多的”。‎ ‎7．I wouldn't think it________to ask him to________the club—he'll only refuse.‎ A．worthwhile; join B．worthwhile; join in C．worth; join D．worth; join in[来源:学.科.网]‎ 答案：A　考查句式和词汇辨析。worth后接doing，不接不定式，因此排除C、D两项；join the club“加入俱乐部”。join in后加活动。‎ ‎8．I was about to give up my effort when a good idea ________ me.‎ A．attracted B．beat C．caught D．hit[来源:中教网]‎ 答案：D　句意：我正要放弃努力时，突然想到了一个好主意。hit在此表示“突然想到”。‎ ‎9．—What will the shop owner do next?‎ ‎—He will have all these goods ordered________to the customers today.‎ A．to deliver B．delivering ‎ C．delivered D．deliver 答案：C　考查句式。答语句意：今天，他将让人把人们预定的所有货物发送出去。ordered在此处作后置定语，所考固定搭配是have sth. done。‎ ‎10．(2019·滨州模拟)________ I am determined to do something, I will stick to it no matter what difficulty I face.‎ A．Unless B．Before C．Though D．Once 答案：D　句意：一旦我决定干某事，不管有多大困难我都要坚持。unless“除非”；before“在……之前”；though“虽然”；once“一旦”，故D项符合句意。‎ ‎11．(2019·长春统考)It is difficult for us to ________ a conversation with all this noise around us.‎ A．carry on B．account for C．bring up D．get across 答案：A　句意：周围的噪音使我们很难继续我们的谈话。carry on“继续”符合句意。‎ ‎12．Only when he started to explain________the reason for this.‎ A．she realized B．did she realize C．she had realized D．had she realized 答案：B　“only＋状语从句”放在句首时，主句部分倒装，把助动词提前。句意：直到他开始解释的时候，她才了解这件事的原因。‎ ‎13．They________the train until it disappeared in the distance.‎ A．saw B．watched[来源:zzstep.com]‎ C．noticed D．observed 答案：B　句意：他们看着火车，直到它在远处消失。watch“注视”，符合语境。see“看见”；notice“注意”；observe“观察，遵守”。‎ ‎14．She was young and pretty, and she loved children. My pupils, Donnie included, all________her very much.‎ A．respected B．disliked C．avoided D．minded 答案：A　句意：她年轻、漂亮，爱孩子们，我的学生们，包括唐尼，都非常尊敬她。根据句意，此处要用respect，表示“尊敬”。dislike“不喜欢”；avoid“避免”；mind“介意”。‎ ‎15．(2019·东城区第二次联考)The basketball coach, as well as his team, ________ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.‎ A．were B．was C．is D．are[来源:1ZXXK]‎ 答案：B　考查时态和主谓一致。由as well as连接的两个词或短语做主语时，谓语动词的单复数的判定由第一个词或短语决定。因此此句由The basketball coach决定用单数；再由时间状语shortly after the match可知用一般过去时。‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·河北重点中学联考)‎ Scientists at Harvard University and Bates College find female chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls, carrying them around until they have children of their own. Young males engage in such behavior much less frequently.‎ The new work by Sonya M. Kahlenberg and Richard W. Wrangham, described this week in the journal Current Biology, provides the first evidence of a wild nonhuman species playing with dolls, as well as the first known sex difference in a wild animal's choice of playthings.‎ The two researchers say their work adds to a growing body of evidence that human children are probably born with their own ideas of how they want to behave, rather than simply mirroring other girls who play with dolls and boys who play with trucks. Doll play among humans could have its origins in object—carrying by earlier apes (猿类), they say, suggesting that toy selection is probably not due entirely to socialization.‎ ‎“In humans, there are obvious sex differences in children's toy play, and these are remarkably similar across cultures，” says Kahlenberg. “While socialization by elders and peers has been the primary explanation, our work suggests that biology may also have an important role to play in activity preferences.”‎ In 14 years of data on chimpanzee behavior at the Kibale National Park in Uganda, Kahlenberg and Wrangham counted more than 100 examples of stickcarrying. Some young chimpanzees carried sticks into the nest to sleep with them and on one occasion built a separate nest for the stick.“We have seen juveniles occasionally carrying sticks for many years, and because they sometimes treated them rather like dolls, we wanted to know if in general this behavior tended to represent something like playing with dolls，” says Wrangham, a Professor at Harvard. “If the doll hypothesis (假设) was right, we thought that females should carry sticks more than males do, and that the chimpanzees should stop carrying sticks when they had their first child. We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”‎ 文章大意：动物心理是科学家们研究的一个重要领域。在黑猩猩的世界里，雌性黑猩猩常把棍子当作洋娃娃抱在怀里，而雄性黑猩猩却较少这样做。这是为什么呢？‎ ‎1．What does a female chimpanzee do with sticks?[来源:zzstep.com]‎ A．She gives them to her child to play with.‎ B．She treats them as dolls.‎ C．She makes useful tools from them.‎ D．She treats them as weapons.‎ 答案：B　细节理解题。由第一段“Scientists at Harvard University and Bates College find female chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls”可知。‎ ‎2．What causes the different toy selection of chimpanzees, according to the passage?‎ A．Sex difference. B．Socialization.‎ C．Environment. D．Cultural difference.‎ 答案：A　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“Young males engage in such behavior much less frequently.”可知。‎ ‎3．We can infer from the fourth paragraph that ________.[来源:1]‎ A．socialization has nothing to do with human's choice of playthings B．sex difference is the only factor in human's choice of playthings C．the biology factor may also influence toy choice D．people choose different toys in different cultures 答案：C　细节理解题。由第四段“our work suggests that biology may also have an important role to play in activity preferences”可知。‎ ‎4．It can be concluded from the passage that ________.‎ A．both humans and chimpanzees choose their playthings due to sex difference B．different factors cause humans and chimpanzees to choose different playthings C．only female chimpanzees have playthings D．chimpanzees usually choose playthings for their children[来源:中教网]‎ 答案：A　推理判断题。文章讲到，雌性黑猩猩常把棍子当作洋娃娃抱在怀里，而雄性黑猩猩却较少这样做；同时还提到，女孩子和男孩子玩的玩具不同。故选A项。‎ B ‎(2019·淄博一模)‎ Maricel Apatan, 22, stands in the kitchen of the Edsa ShangiLa Hotel in Manila, preparing to decorate a cheesecake. It would seem to be a routine task for a cake chef，but Maricel is no ordinary chef—she has no hands.‎ Maricel has come a long way since the day in September 2019 when she and her uncle were attacked near their farm. Fortunately, both of them survived, but the 11yearold girl lost her hands. In 2019，she entered a Manila training centre for people with disabilities. She learned how to write and do housework and，more importantly, came to terms with her disability.‎ After graduation from high school, she took a twoyear Hotel and Restaurant Management course and flourished even though she was the only disabled student in the course. After she moved back to Manila to continue her studies, the media started reporting on this determined young woman. She didn't shy away from the attention. “I wanted others living with disabilities to believe it's possible to live a normal life，”Maricel says.‎ When managers at the Edsa ShangriLa Hotel saw Maricel on television, they hired her as part of the hotel's Care for People project. She has also accomplished her goal of inspiring others. One of them is Ronelyn Calumpiano, a 21yearold with cerebral palsy(脑瘫)．She saw Maricel on television and was moved by her confidence. Ronelyn will soon start classes and is already planning a career in IT.‎ Maricel's three younger sisters have moved to Manila. She pays for the rent of their small apartment，while their parents look after their family farm in Mindanao. “It is difficult to make ends meet but I don't lose hope. I believe anything is possible if you dream, work hard and pray.”‎ 文章大意：22岁的Maricel Apatan是一位失去了双手的残疾人，但是她没有放弃希望，努力自立自强。‎ ‎5．“Maricel is no ordinary chef” because________.‎ A. she is better than other chefs B. she is physically disabled C. she can do a routine task D. she is good at decorating cakes 答案：B　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“It would seem to be a routine task for a cake chef，but Maricel is no ordinary chef—she has no hands.”可知，Maricel没有了双手，是一位残疾人。‎ ‎6．Which of the following is NOT true about Maricel?‎ A. She survived while her uncle did not.‎ B. She didn't shy away from public attention.‎ C. She has inspired some disabled people.[来源:中教网]‎ D. She managed to make a living by herself.‎ 答案：A　细节理解题。由第二段第二句话“Fortunately, both of them survived, but the 11yearold girl lost her hands.”可知，她们二人都幸存了下来。所以A项错误。‎ ‎7．The underlined word “flourished” in Paragraph 3 is similar in meaning to________.‎ A. was rejected B. was employed C. recovered well D. developed well 答案：D　猜测词义题。所在句意是“她参加了课程培训，而且学习得很好，尽管她是班上唯一的一位残疾学生”。‎ ‎8．According to the text, Ronelyn________.‎ A. works in an IT company B. was inspired by Maricel C. once lived in ‎Mindanao D. has already started classes 答案：B　细节理解题。由第四段最后三句话可知，Ronelyn受到了Maricel的鼓舞，准备接受培训，在IT业从事工作。‎ ‎9．What does the author want to tell us in the text?‎ A. We should be determined and never lose hope.‎ B. We shouldn't look down upon the disabled.‎ C. We should help those who suffer disabilities.‎ D. We should feel sympathy for the unfortunate.‎ 答案：A　推理判断题。由文章大意可知，我们应当学习Maricel的事迹，从中学习她坚强的毅力和不放弃的精神。‎