2020版高考英语 Unit 3 A healthy life（词汇考查+词汇应用）（含解析）新人教版选修6 9页

Unit 3‎ 李仕才 ‎ 一、词汇复习 ‎（一）单句语法填空 ‎1． I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village. ‎ 答案：the；a　way后有介词短语作定语，表特指，所以第一空填定冠词the；泛指“一个名叫Wilson的人”，第二空填不定冠词a。‎ ‎2． ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town. ‎ 答案：The；a　village后有定语从句修饰，是特指，故第一空填定冠词；泛指“一座城镇”，故第二空填不定冠词a。‎ ‎3．(2014·江西，22改编)They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader. ‎ 答案：the；a　第一空后面的名词captain“队长”后面有介词短语of the team修饰，表示特指，所以使用定冠词the；第二空后的可数名词leader前面有形容词smart修饰，用a表示泛指。‎ ‎4．(2013·新课标Ⅱ，13改编)Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and ________ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar. ‎ 答案：a；a　句意：四个半小时的讨论让我们到了午夜，我们稍微休息了一下，吃了奶酪、巧克力并且喝了加糖的茶。两空前加不定冠词a，都为固定搭配。‎ ‎5．(2013·浙江，15改编)People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning. ‎ 答案：a；an　第一空a preference表示“一种倾向性的喜好”，用不定冠词a表示“一个，一种”的概念，同时have/develop a preference for sth.也可以看作固定词组，表示“对某物偏好，喜爱”；而第二空at an early age是固定词组，意为“在幼年时期”，也表示“一个，一种”的概念。‎ ‎（二）英汉互译 1. cigarette n. __________‎ 2. alcohol n. __________‎ 3. alcoholic adj. __________‎ 4. abuse n. & vt. __________ ‎ 5. ‎△fitness n. __________‎ 6. ‎△sexual adj. __________‎ 7. stress n. vt. __________‎ 8. ‎△stressful adj. __________‎ 9. ‎△obesity n. __________‎ 9‎ 1. adolescent n. adj. __________‎ 2. adolescence n. __________‎ 3. ban vt. n. __________‎ 4. due adj. __________‎ 5. due to __________‎ 6. tough adj. __________‎ 7. addicted adj. __________‎ 8. addicted to __________‎ 9. ‎△nicotine n. __________‎ 10. accustom vt. __________‎ 11. accustomed adj. __________‎ 12. accustomed to __________‎ 13. withdrawal n. __________‎ 14. ‎△bad-tempered adj. __________‎ 15. automatic adj__________. ‎ 16. automatically adv. __________‎ 17. mental adj. __________‎ 18. mentally adv. __________‎ 19. quit vt. __________‎ 20. effect n. __________‎ 21. lung n. __________‎ 22. pregnant adj. __________‎ 23. abnormal adj. __________‎ 24. breathless adj. __________‎ 25. unfit adj. __________‎ 26. strengthen vt. vi. __________‎ 27. ‎△resolve n. __________‎ 28. decide on __________‎ 29. packet n. __________‎ 30. feel like (doing) __________‎ 31. ‎△relaxation n. __________‎ 32. desperate adj. __________‎ 33. chemist n. __________‎ 34. ‎△gum n. __________‎ 35. ‎△chewing gum __________‎ 36. disappointed adj. __________‎ 37. ‎△weaken vi. vt. __________‎ 38. ashamed adj. __________‎ 39. comprehension n. __________‎ 40. in spite of __________‎ 41. take risks (a risk) __________‎ 42. get into 陷入；染上__________‎ 43. etc (et cetera) adv. __________‎ 44. appendix(复数-dixes, -dices）n. __________ ‎ 9‎ 1. illegal adj. __________ ‎ 2. pill n. __________‎ 3. ‎△robbery n. __________‎ 4. ‎△slippery adj. __________ ‎ 5. at risk __________‎ 6. ‎△immune adj__________. ‎ 7. survival n. __________‎ 8. sex n. __________‎ 9. ‎△fluid n. __________‎ 10. ‎△inject vt. __________‎ 11. ‎△injection n. __________‎ 12. needle n. __________‎ 13. ‎△spill （spilt, spilt） vi. vt. __________ ‎ 14. male adj. n. __________ ‎ 15. female adj. n. __________‎ 16. ‎△condom n. __________‎ 17. ‎△homosexual n. adj. __________‎ 18. prejudice n. __________ ‎ 19. judgement n. __________‎ ‎ abortion n. __________‎ 20. cigar n. __________‎ 21. embarrassed adj. __________‎ ‎75、awkward adj. __________‎ 二、阅读理解 A Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents By David Stabler ISBN 9780062358684 Type: Historical nonfiction In the 20 stories of 20 different U.S.‎ presidents in this book, we learn that our country’s leaders are not so different from us. They, too, were once kids with ordinary problems. They struggled with schoolwork and angered their parents. Dwight Eisenhower dealt with bullies. Bill Clinton struggled with his weight. Barack Obama moved to Indonesia with his mother when he was just a boy, and had to get used to a new culture.‎ Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins?‎ By Liz Kessler ISBN 9781444013986 Type: Fantasy Jessica Jenkins always thought she was a regular kid. Then, one day, she gets the surprise of a lifetime—she can become invisible! With the help of her best friend, Izzy, Jessica goes on a trip to discover the source of her new power. Along the way, she gets caught up in shocking secrets, kidnappings, rescue plans, and a mission to 9‎ ‎ keep this amazing power out of the wrong hands.‎ Spring‎ ‎Garden By Fred Chappell ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry Spring‎ ‎Garden‎ is a collection of poems for spring, including classics by Thomas Nashe, William Shakespeare etc. and contemporary poems by Denis Dunn, Ruth Hill etc. It consists of 85 poems, ranging in length from just a few lines to several hundred.‎ Absolutely Truly By Heather Vogel Frederick ISBN 9781442429727 Type: Mystery Twelve-year-old Truly is moved to Pumpkin Falls‎, ‎New Hampshire, after her father suffers a terrible helicopter accident. The six-foot-tall Truly struggles to fit into her new surroundings. Then, one day, she uncovers a mysterious letter in a book at her Aunt True’s bookstore. And that’s when the adventure begins. Truly leads her new friends Cha Cha, Romeo, and Lucas on a hunt to uncover the secrets of the small town. Absolutely Truly will appeal to anyone who enjoys mystery books with a bit of sadness and a feel-good ending.‎ ‎1.Who wrote the story about a girl with superpower?‎ A. Heather Vogel Frederick B. David Stabler C. Liz Kessler D. Fred Chappell ‎2.The ISBN for the book of poems is ________.‎ A.9781442429727 B.9780807119488 ‎ C.9781444013986 D.9780062358684‎ ‎3.What kind of readers will probably like reading Absolutely Truly?‎ A. Those who are fans of history.‎ B. Those who like realistic stories.‎ C. Those who are searching for a romantic plot.‎ D. Those who enjoy a mixture of mystery, sorrow and happiness.‎ ‎4.Which of the following books tells real stories?‎ A. Absolutely Truly B. ‎Spring‎ ‎Garden C. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins?‎ 9‎ D.Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了四本不同类型的书。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二部分内容可知，该书描述了一位有神奇力量的女孩，该书作者是Liz Kessler，故选C项。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三部分内容“ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry”可知，该书类型是诗歌，其书号是9780807119488，故选B项。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】细节理解题。结合文章对各本书的简介可知，Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents讲述的是美国几位总统的真实故事，故选D项。‎ B In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老) treated the message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.‎ Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked lightheartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, a bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, but for his smile.‎ Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh, that bus left five minutes ago.” Dreams of headcutting!‎ It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered(传递). Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and big winners do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising his patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he fails to get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any 9‎ ‎ bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.‎ Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toasted beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as a traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.‎ Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh，that’s all right. I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded(被轰炸的) person is sure to have.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述当我们要告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意说话的方式和语气，还要带有同情心。‎ ‎1．From “Dreams of headcutting！”(Paragraph 3), we learn that the writer ．‎ A．was reminded of the cruel pharaoh B．was mad at the sales agent C．wished that the sales agent would have bad dreams D．dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的描述可知，“我”对售票员的态度很恼火。‎ ‎2．Which of the following is true?‎ A．The author really appreciated the neighbor’s warning.‎ B．From the passage we know that it is the bad news that makes someone angry.‎ C．If the runner brought to the pharaoh unhappy news, he would be treated like a prince.‎ D．When we want to deliver any bad news, we should share the feeling of the receiver.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.”可知，‎ 9‎ 当告诉别人不好的消息的时候，应该带有同情心，应该分担消息接收者不好的感觉。‎ ‎3．What is the main idea of the text?‎ A．Receiving bad news requires great courage.‎ B．Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.‎ C．Delivering bad news with sympathy is important in communication.‎ D．Learning ancient traditions can be useful.‎ C　解析：主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们当我们告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意讲话的方式和态度，应该带有同情心，分担别人的忧愁。‎ ‎4．In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was ．‎ A．not helpful　　　　　　　 B．not considerate C．friendly D．warmhearted B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning.”可知，“我”认为邻居没有同情心，不能为别人考虑。故选B项 三、七选五 Coming facetoface with your inadequacies(缺点)can be painful，to say the least.__1__ It even makes you question yourself.Your kneejerk reaction may be to get defensive or even dismiss the critique entirely.But handling negative feedback with grace will not only make you look gracious，but it could ultimately help you grow as a person.Here's how to do it.‎ ‎1．Be objective about the criticism Before you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other person's opinion，take a step back and look at it objectively.‎ Next time you get a bad review，don't immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate.__2__‎ ‎2．Avoid unnecessary conflict If you decide that the point is valid，it may be hard to take.In your discomfort，you may feel the urge to criticize the other person angrily and defend yourself.__3__‎ ‎3．Be open to the idea of change ‎__4__ And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance” that can prevent us from changing even when that's what we need most.‎ 9‎ ‎4．Ask questions If you're open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement，you will likely need more information.__5__ Your emotions will be running high，and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information.However，when you feel ready，it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you.Even if you don't agree with their advice，thank them and promise to consider it.‎ A．Most of us are pretty stubborn.‎ B．There is no doubt that change is necessary.‎ C．But it's best to avoid getting into an argument.‎ D．Being sensitive to criticism leads you nowhere.‎ E．It challenges the way you believe people see you.‎ F．Give yourself a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it.‎ G．The initial moment you hear it may not be the best time to ask for more details.‎ ‎【解题导语】听到别人对你的批评也许会很痛苦，但是如果优雅地处理这些问题，自己将变得更好。‎ ‎1．E　根据空后一句话可知，空处与下一句是递进关系，E项“这会挑战你认为别人看待你的方式”，所以E项符合语境。‎ ‎2．F　根据空前的“don't immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate”可知，空处应讲给自己一个机会真正吸收这些信息并对其进行评估。故F项符合语境。‎ ‎3．C　根据该段小标题“Avoid unnecessary conflict”可知，C项“但是最好避免陷入争吵”符合语境。‎ ‎4．A　根据空后的“And it may be because of a concept called‘cognitive dissonance’ that can prevent us from changing even when that's what we need most”及本段小标题可知，A项“我们大部分人都很倔强”符合语境。‎ ‎5．G　根据空后的“Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information”并结合上文可知，空处应讲最开始听到批评时不适合问更多的细节，故G项符合语境。‎ ‎ ‎ 9‎ 9‎