高考英语相近词汇辨析 28页

高考英语相近词汇辨析 ‎4. family, house, home 　home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.‎ ‎5. sound, voice, noise 　sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.‎ ‎6. photo, picture, drawing 　photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 Let's go and see a good picture.‎ ‎11. course, subject 　course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course ‎12. custom, habit 　custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.‎ ‎17. officer, official 　officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer ‎24. problem, question 　problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用 ‎30. price, prize 　price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low.‎ ‎35. by bus, on the bus 　by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.‎ ‎36. for a moment, for the moment 　for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.‎ ‎41. in a word, in words 　in a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right.‎ ‎42. in place of, in the place of 　in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.‎ ‎47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher 　the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor ‎ and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is ‎61. who, what 　who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is ‎ a teacher.‎ ‎66. much more…than, many more…than 　much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful ‎67. no, not 　no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water ‎73. fast, quickly 　fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly ‎74. high, highly 　high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of ‎79. just, very 　just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man ‎80. wide, broad 　wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders ‎85. understanding, understandable 　　understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake ‎86. close, closely 　　close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close ‎91. able, capable 　　able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing…‎ ‎92. almost, nearly 　　二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody ‎93. late, lately 　　late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.‎ ‎98. worth, worthy 　　二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done 　　It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.‎ ‎103. instead, instead of 　　instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.‎ ‎104. too much, much too 　　too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy ‎105. be about to, be going to, be to do 　　be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet ‎ him.(含双方事先约好的意思)‎ ‎110. learn, study 　　learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究 　　study the problem ‎111. want, hope, wish 　　want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do,‎ ‎ hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.‎ ‎112. discover, invent, find out 　　discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.‎ ‎113. answer, reply 　　answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter ‎114. leave, leave for 　　leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.‎ ‎115. rob, steal 　　rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb. ‎ ‎116. shoot, shoot at 　　shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.‎ ‎123. meet, meet with 　　meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到 meet with an accident ‎127. catch a cold, have a cold 　　catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，而have a cold可以 　　She has had a cold for a week.‎ ‎128. change for, change into 　　change for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.‎ ‎129. continue, last 　　二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.‎ ‎130. feed, raise 　　feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family ‎161. at, in (表地点) 　　at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai ‎162. at work, in work 　　at work在工作，在上班，in work 有职业，有工作 Both my parents are at work. They are not at home.‎ ‎163. increase to, increase by 　　increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.‎ ‎164. at ease, with ease 　　at ease舒适地，安逸地；with ease容易地，无困难地 do it with ease ‎165. day after day, day by day 　　day after day日复一日（无变化）；day by day一天天地（有变化）Trees grow taller day by day.‎ ‎166. like, as 　　like相似关系，但并不等同，as同一关系，两者实为一体 Don't treat me as a child. (In fact, I'm a child.)‎ ‎167. after, in (表时间) 　　after接时间点，in接时间段 after 7:00, in five minutes ‎168. between, among 　　between两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among三者或三者以上之间 　　Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.‎ ‎169. after, behind (表位置) 　　after强调次序的先后，behind强调物体静态位置的前后 There are many trees behind the house.‎ ‎170. since, for (完成时间状语) 　　since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00‎ ‎171. on the corner, in the corner, at the corner 　　on the corner物体表面的角上，in the corner物体内部的角落里，at the corner物体外部的角落上（拐角处）on the corner of the table ‎176. in the air, on the air, in the sky 　　in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.‎ ‎177. in the field, on the field 　　in the field在野外，on the field在战场上 He lost his life on the field.‎ ‎182. on the way, in the way 　　on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.‎ ‎183. above, on, over 　　above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill ‎187. and, or 　　and并且，or或者，否则，常用于否定句中 I don't like apples or bananas. 　　Hurry up and you'll catch the bus. Hurry up or you'll miss the bus.‎ ‎188. because, since, as, for 　　原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.‎ ‎192. such…as, such…that 　　such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.‎ ‎193. because, because of 　　because连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didn't go to school because of his illness.‎ ‎197. All right. That's all right. That's right. 　　All right. That's all right. 当好吧解时，可以替换；当不客气，没关系解时只能用That's all right. That's right. 那是对的 ---Sorry. --- That's all right. ‎ ‎198. such…that, so…that 　　当如此…以至于解时，such…that修饰名词，so…that修饰形容词或副词，但名词前面如果有many, much, little, few修饰用so…that，不用such that 　　so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy ‎199. so + be (have, can, do)+主语， neither(nor) + be (have, can, do)+ 主语 　　也一样，肯定用so…否定用neither (nor) ---I can't play tennis. ---Nor can I.‎ ‎200. Shall I…? Will you…? 　　Shall I…? 征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能…吗？ Will you…? 请求或建议对方做某事，意为你愿意…吗？Will you help me? Yes, I will.‎