2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案（二十） 24页

2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（二十） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Camp Ballibay for Fine & Performing Arts Camp Ballibay is a summer arts camp that offers engaging programs in theater, art, dance, rock, and media for young artists at all levels. Three hours from New York City, on a beautiful Pennsylvania mountaintop, is the summer camp for creative, independent-minded kids. With never more than 160 kids, and always at least 40 adults, it ’ s an ideal community for fun and learning: warm, diverse? and accepting. 80% of the kids come for more than one summer, and 25% of the camp community has been coming for more than 5 years. We offer 3 & 4 week general programs, where teens design their own program days, choosing from any and all of our activities. We also have 2 & 3 week programs with a visual arts focus, 2 week rock music camps, and 2 week intensive dance programs. Q & A What type of teen attends your program? We provide a warm and safe space for a lot of special kids who don’t necessarily have an easy time finding their “group”, because they are young artists, different thinkers, free spirits, super-shy, etc... When the right kids come to Ballibay, they know they are among “their people”, often within minutes of arriving on campus. What is special about your program? Ballibay is a unique environment for personal and artistic growth. We believe strongly in non-competition. There are no contests, no awards, no pressure to do or to be anything or anyone in particular. We attract the artist, and the different thinker. 1. How many of the teens have come to Camp Ballibay before? A. Half of them. B. Most of them. C. 75% of them. D. A quarter of them. 2. What can the teens who attend general programs do? A. They can choose either visual arts or dance programs. B. They can stay for two weeks learning everything. C. They can decide for themselves what they want. D. They can design anything based on their interests. 3. According to Q&A, which of the following best describes Camp Ballibay? A. A friendly atmosphere with no pressure. B. An attractive place with many challenges. C. A competitive environment for artistic growth. D. A unique summer camp for exploration of arts. 文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了巴利拜营地，它的特点以及课程。这是一个欢迎 任何能力阶段的孩子的夏令营，并且提供可以供孩子们自主选择的课程。 1.B 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 四 段 中 80 ％ of the kids come for more than one summer(80%的孩子不止一个夏天来这里)可知，大多数孩子之前都来过巴利拜营地。故选 B。 2.C 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中 we offer3＆4 week general programs,where teens design their own program days,choosing from any and all of ouractivities(我们提供 3 周和 4 周的普通课程，青少年可以在其中设计自己的课程日，从我们的任何和所有活动中进行 选择)可知，他们可以选择自己想要的课程。故选 C。 3.A 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中 We provide a warm and safe space for a lot of special kids（ 我们为许多特殊的孩子提供了一个温暖安全的空间）以及文章最后一段中 Ballibay is a unique environment for personal and artistic growth. We believe strongly in non-competition. There are no contests, no awards, no pressure to do or to be anything or anyone in particular（Ballibay 是一个独特的个人和艺术成长的环境。我们坚 信不竞争。没有竞赛，没有奖励，没有压力去做或成为任何特别的人或事）由此判断出，Camp Ballibay 没有压力，且氛围友好。故选 A。 B He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace （平台）， sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure. His sunglasses masked his eyes, but I knew he wasn't looking at the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes. As I brought him his dishes, he coughed up a "thank you" and looked at me briefly. I tried not to stare at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow. I walked back inside with my empty tray, shaking my head. He looked familiar, but I couldn't quite place him. Then it hit me. The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded. I rushed back to his table. He was gone. I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card：I am deeply grateful to you. The night o£ your car accident, I was on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things back in a right way. I now live an honest life, thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D. I shivered（震颤）.The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club. Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back into my life. I unfolded the tip he left. Among the singles was a grand （—千块）with a pen mark underlining “In God We Trust.”I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling. 4. Why did the fat man look like a tourist? A. Because he used money not the same as the locals. B. Because he carried what tourists usually have on. C. Because he doesn't look like a native citizen. D. Because he ordered strange food and drinks. 5. How did the writer knew the man didn't read the brochure? A. He was drinking all the time. B. He sat still with his sunglasses. C. The page remained unturned. D. He was staring at the writer. 6. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. They kept in touch with each other since then. B. The writer had been searching for the man. C. The man became a rich man years later. D. The writer didn't go to that interview. 7. What is their attitude towards each other? A. Sympathetic. B. Grateful. C. Worried. D. Trusty. 文章大意：本文为记叙文。一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救了作者的命，改变了双方的 生活，让这个要抢劫的人恢复正常的生活，让作者看到了人性的善良，重拾生活的信心。后来 两人在作者工作的地方重遇，他给作者留下小费和卡片来感谢作者，作者也为他祈祷。 4.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace （平台），sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure.” 他 看起来真的像个游客，脖子上挂着相机，包里还带着一瓶防晒霜。胖子坐在露台上，喝着柠檬 水，假装在看旅游手册。由此可知，胖子带着旅客常带的东西，故选 B。 5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes.” 他 已经十分钟没有翻页了。可知他是假装在看宣传册。故选 C。 6.D 推理判断题。根据第二段“The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded.”可知， 那个神秘的陌生人在我的车爆炸 前帮我从撞坏的车中出来。最后一段“The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club....” 车祸发生的那天晚上，我正要去一家非法舞蹈俱乐部 参加面试...... 。由此可推断出作者去面试前发生车祸而没有去面试。故选 D。 7.B 推理判断题。第三段“I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card：I am deeply grateful to you. T... thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D.”可知，我移了他的盘子， 发现了他给的小费，还有一张卡片：“我非常感激你。愿上帝保佑你！D 先生”。第四段“The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club. Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back into my life. I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.” 车祸当晚，我正前往一家非法舞蹈俱乐部接受面试。他的英雄行为让我看到了人性 的善良，使我的生活发生了变化，并使我对生活重挫拾信心。...我默默地为他祈祷，由此可知， 这个人救了作者的命并让其对生活重拾信心，作者为此感谢他。由此可推断出他们想互感激。 故选 B。 C African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) bear the unfortunate nickname “jackass penguins” because they communicate through honking, donkey-like sounds. Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggests that their jackass language act actually follows the same basic rules as ours. In the study published in the journal Biology Letters, researchers recorded nearly 600 vocalizations (发声) from 28 adult male penguins living in Italian zoos. (Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period, which is why the researchers turned to this population.) The scientists knew from previous research that African penguins bonk using three distinct types of sound, similar to human syllables ( 音 节 ), when greeting one another, mating, or defending territory. But the researchers wanted to know whether those “syllables” followed two common linguistic (语言学的) rules. One of those rules, called Zipf’s law in short, was proposed in 1945 by the linguist George Zipf. The law states that the more frequently a word is used in any language, the shorter it tends to be (think of words like “the,” “to” and “of” in English). Previous studies have analyzed more than 1,000 world languages for evidence of Zipf’ s 1aw and the rule holds up in all of them. The other rule, known as the Menzerath-Altmann law, says that the longer a word or phrase is, the shorter its component syllables are, while shorter words are more likely to have longer syllables. The word“onomatopoeia,”for example, is made of six very short syllables, while “couch” is made of one longer one. Previous studies have shown that nonhuman primates ( 灵 长 类 动 物 ) follow both these rules when they communicate with each other but what about jackass penguins? The researchers in the new study found that, yes, the songs of the male jackass penguin conform to both Zipf’s and Menzerath-Altmann’s laws. The shortest calls tended to be the most common, and the longest phrases were made up of the shortest syllables. This jackass study provided the first nonprimate evidence that these common linguistic patterns extend into the animal kingdom, the authors wrote, and that’s nothing to hem and haw at. 8. Why did the researchers choose adult male jackass penguins? A. They can vocalize different kinds of sounds. B. They are more accessible than other penguins. C. They communicate with each other through honking. D. They make sounds frequently during the mating period. 9. What does the author try to express by mentioning the words “the”, “to” and “of” in English? A. George Zipf’s idea is reasonable. B. These words are extremely simple. C. Previous studies ate very meaningful. D. English is quite similar to other languages. 10. Which of the following fully explains what the Menzerath-Altmann law means? A. Egg and food. B. Contradictory and shout. C. Learn and earn. D. Discrimination and prescription. 11. What conclusion has the new study made? A. Many languages follow the same linguistic rules. B. How Jackass penguins communicate wi1h each other. C. Jackass penguins obey linguistic rules similar to those of humans. D. ZipF’s law and Menzerath Alumann law are commonly applied rules. 文章大意：本文是说明文。文章讲述了非洲企鹅遵守与人类相似的语言规则。 8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Males tend to vocalize a lot during the mating period, which is why the researchers turned to this population.(雄性在交配期间往往会发出很多 声音，这就是为什么研究人员转向这个种群)可知，在交配期间，雄性经常会发出声音，这就 是研究人员选择成年雄性企鹅的原因。故选 D。 9.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 The law states that the more frequently a word is used in any language, the shorter it tends to be (think of words like “the,”“to” and “of” in English). Previous studies have analyzed more than 1,000 world languages for evidence of Zipf’s law and the rule holds up in all of them.可知，定律表明，一个词在 任何语言中使用的频率越高，它的长度就越短（比如英语中的“the”、“to”和“of”）。之前 的研究分析了超过 1000 种世界语言，以寻找齐普夫定律的证据，而这一定律在所有语言中都 成立。由此可知，作者提及英语中的“the”，“to”和“of”的目的是要表达 George Zipf 的 想法是合理的。故选 A。 10.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 The other rule, known as the Menzerath-Altmann law, says that the longer a word or phrase is, the shorter its component syllables are, while shorter words are more likely to have longer syllables. The word“onomatopoeia,”for example, is made of six very short syllables, while“couch”is made of one longer one. 可知，Menzerath-Altmann 定律的内容是：一个单词或短语越长，组成它的每一个音节越短， 而较短的词更可能拥有较长的音节。 例如，“拟声词”一词由六个非常短的音节组成，而“沙 发”由一个较长的音节组成。结合选项可知，contradictory 和 shout 这两个词能够解释该 定律。故选 B。 11.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Laugh at them if you like, but a new study suggests that their jackass language act actually follows the same basic rules as ours.可知，你可 以嘲笑它们，但一项新的研究表明，它们愚蠢的语言行为实际上遵循着与我们相同的基本规则。 由此可知，一项新的研究表明，非洲企鹅遵循与人类相似的语言规则。故选 C。 D For two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many outstanding figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians. On Nov 21, 2019, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-human guest. Designed by IBM, Project Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to form a spoken argument. It can even listen to and answer opposing statements, much like a real person. Speaking with a voice similar to Siri, Project Debater uses AI to search journals, newspapers and other information sources. It then filters out useless information, picks the strongest arguments, and arranges them into a persuasive argument. In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: AI will do more harm than good in the long term. According to IBM, it is the first machine that can debate complicated topics with humans. Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives of AI were submitted to the IBM website. The machine then analyzed these sources and formed the basis of its arguments in minutes. Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate. Over a four-minute speech, it argued first that, “AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to solve, while humans can be programmed for all situations. ” In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and “bring a lot more efficiency” to the workplace. According to New Scientist, on both occasions, Project Debater repeated points and didn’t always sufficiently support them. Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right direction. ” 12. What can we learn about the University of Cambridge debating society? A. It has hosted many debating parties for centuries. B. It designed Project Debater with IBM. C. It has invited many famous hosts to join it. D. It has never hosted a non-human guest before. 13. What do we know about Project Debater? A. In the Cambridge test debate, it argued for both sides. B. AI helps it to find the useful information sources. C. Before the debate the arguments were submitted to it. D. It would create many new jobs in the future. 14. What’s the probable purpose of debate? A. To find out how AI works. B. To create a debating machine. C. To do an experiment about AI. D. To prove AI is better than humans. 15. How does Noam Slonim feel about AI? A. Worried. B. Hopeful. C. Doubtful. D. Nervous. 文章大意：本文是新闻报道。由 IBM 设计的机器人 Project Debater 使用人工智能进行 辩论。在测试辩论赛中，该机器人就辩题“人工智能是否最终弊大于利”代表正方两方进行辩 论。该项目的首席工程师 Noam Slonim 表示“人工智能并不完美，但它的方向是正确的。” 12.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“On Nov 21, 2019, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-human guest. ”可知，剑桥辩论学会迎来了首位非人类嘉宾，也就是说剑 桥辩论学会第一次用机器人进行辩论。所以剑桥大学辩论协会从来没有接待过非人类的客人。 故选 D 项。 13.A 细节理解题。根据第四段 Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate. 可知，在辩论测试赛中，机器人为正反两方进行辩论。故选 A 项。 14.C 推理判断题。在剑桥测试辩论赛上，机器人 Project Debater 使用人工智能进行辩论， 并且还陈述正方两方的观点。该项目的首席工程师 Noam Slonim 评论说“人工智能并不完 美，但它的方向是正确的。”因此可以推断，这次测试辩论赛的目的是就人工智能进行辩论而 进行的一次实验。故选 C 项。 15.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Noam Slonim 所说的话“The AI is not perfect, but it’ s going in the right direction”，Noam Slonim 认为虽然人工智能并不完美，但对它进行研 究的方向是正确的。因此可以推断，Noam Slonim 认为对人工智能的研究是充满希望的。故 选 B 项。 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 For many, holiday celebrations mean large meals shared with family and friends, but such feasts can generate huge amounts of food waste, harming the environment and overusing natural resources—unless mindful merrymakers take steps to control the amount. 16. Be mindful of what you already have Try keeping food in glass jars. Using this method, you can make all the food in your kitchen visible, easily remembered and consumed. 17. . Nothing gets lost in the back of a shelf. 18. Stick to a planned holiday menu before heading to the grocery store. A clear idea of who will be gathered and exactly how much food to prepare will save a lot of tossing out later. Be mindful not just of how much to purchase, but the items themselves. Use leftovers wisely It may be impossible to get everyone into the clean plate club. 19. Freeze and repurpose leftovers by using them as basic ingredients for other recipes or send extras home with guests. Keep track of the scraps（残羹） Along with turkey bones, use holiday scraps such as vegetables, meat and fish bones to make soup. For pet-safe dishes, allow your dog to clean plates before putting them in the dishwasher. Consider composting（堆肥） 20. . These materials can be composted, which will keep them out of landfills, where they take up space and release methane, a potent greenhouse gas. A. Shop smart B. Plan a menu C. That doesn't mean leftover food has to go waste D. Some of your family or guests may not like the food E. Following are some tips on reducing food waste during holidays F. Organize your dry food on one row and use refrigerator drawers G. Food scraps and yard waste make up more than 28 percent of waste 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了减少节日期间食物浪费的几点建议。 16.E 空前说对许多人来说，节日庆祝意味着与家人和朋友共享大餐，但这样的盛宴可能会造 成大量的食物浪费，下文又介绍了减少食物浪费的建议，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既 要对应上文提到的食物浪费话题，又要引出下文介绍的几点建议，故 E 项（以下是一些减少节 日期间食物浪费的建议）符合语境。 17.F 空前说试着把食物放在玻璃罐里，使用这种方法，你可以使厨房里的所有食物都看得见， 容易记住和食用，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于如何摆放食物的话题，故 F 项（把你的干粮放 在一排，还要使用冰箱的抽屉）符合语境。 18.A 根据本段内容，特别是根据第一句可知，在去杂货店之前，坚持按照计划的假日菜单（买 东西），因此本段主要讲的是要聪明地购物，故 A 项（聪明地购物）符合语境。 19.C 空后说把剩菜冷冻起来以后用作其他菜的基本原料，或者把多余的食物送回家，因此此 处是说剩饭剩菜不一定非要浪费掉，还可以再利用，故 C 项（这并不意味着吃剩的食物要被 浪费掉）符合语境。 20.G 空后说这些材料可以堆肥，这将使它们远离垃圾填埋场，因此此处应该会提到垃圾，空 后的 These materials 指代的就是 G 项中的 Food scraps and yard waste，故 G 项（食物 残渣和院子里的垃圾占了垃圾总量的 28%）符合语境。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 There are certain things you never imagine yourself saying. "I just got a worm（虫 子）in my eye!” is one of them. And yet I did say it--I screamed it, 21 . The family was all here and we were in the garden, when I saw a worm nearby. I asked my six-year-old grandson to come over and 22 the worm. He 23 the worm, studied it quickly and then threw it into the 24 . The worm quickly fell back to earth, 25 on my face against my left eyelid （眼皮）. That’s when the screaming started and the jumping up and down. You know how they say when you meet a small creature, that the small creature is just as 26 of you as you are of it? They lie. The worm showed no fear. I, 27 , am still having nightmares（噩梦）about the 28 , which was several days ago. The most important thing in all this is that my grandson said he was sorry to me. I'd just been reading a book that makes a 29 between adults doing the 30 and hard work of teaching manners to children and greater levels of civility（礼节）in society. Table manners, language manners and even manners in dress all 31 levels of self-control. Having self- control limits what we say and how we 32 , making many of us appear a good deal 33 than we really are. Good manners also contribute to the 34 to make mealtime pleasant, even with small children. All of my grandchildren, 35 the ones that can't yet talk, ask to be 36 before leaving the table. It is a sign of respect for others at the table and a sign of respect for the meal 37 . It's also more pleasant than pushing one's chair back and running for the back yard. Those tall enough, and even those not tall enough, also take their 38 to the kitchen. So when a little boy has the courage to 39 to a grandma who is screaming and jumping up and down, at least we know that our years of teaching young people manners are 40 -one worm at a time. 21. A. eventually B. frequently C. actually D. eagerly 22. A. damage B. remove C. ignore D. persuade 23. A. went through B. took off C. set down D. picked up 24. A. garden B. hole C. air D. soil 25. A. landing B. climbing C. sitting D. lying 26. A. fond B. scared C. sure D. proud 27. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. moreover 28. A. experiment B. experience C. fun D. story 29. A. development B. progress C. preparation D. connection 30. A. quick B. slow C. boring D. dull 31. A. show B. witness C. expect D. decrease 32. A. eat B. laugh C. dress D. behave 33. A. better B. worse C. richer D. poorer 34. A. responsibility B. activity C. possibility D. curiosity 35. A. except B. besides C. rather D. than 36. A. punished B. praised C. excused D. encouraged 37. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. itself 38. A. chairs B. dishes C. books D. tables 39. A. devote B. appeal C. apologize D. point 40. A. growing up B. staying up C. putting off D. paying off 文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述餐桌礼仪的重要性。而餐桌礼仪、语言礼仪甚至着 装礼仪都表现出一定程度的自我控制。自我控制限制了我们的言论和行为，使我们中的许多人 看起来比实际上要好得多。 21.C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我确实说过,实际上是我尖叫。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently 频繁地；C. actually 事实上；D. eagerly 热切地，渴望地。第 1 空前的 yet I did say it 中使用了强调谓语动词，意思是“确实，一定”，也就是“实际上”是我在尖叫。故选 C。 22.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让我六岁的孙子过来把虫子弄走。A. damage 损害；B. remove 移动，迁移；C. ignore 忽视；D. persuade 劝说。根据第 4 空前的 then threw it into 可知，此处指把虫子“弄走”。故选 B。 23.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他捡起虫子,快速地研究它,然后把它扔到空中。A. went through 经历；B. took off 脱下，飞机起飞；C. set down 记下；D. picked up 捡起，接收， 偶尔学到。根据第 3 空后的 studied it quickly and then threw it into 可知，此处指“捡起” 虫子。故选 D。 24.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他捡起虫子,快速地研究它,然后把它扔到空中。A. garden 花园；B. hole 洞，空；C. air 空气；D. soil 土壤。根据第 5 空前的 The worm quickly fell back to earth 可知，把虫子扔到“空中”。故选 C。 25.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：蠕虫很快地往下落,却落在我的左眼睑上。A. landing 登陆； B. climbing 爬；C. sitting 坐；D. lying 躺，卧。根据第 5 空后的 on my face against my left eyelid （眼皮）.可知，虫子“落在”左眼睑上。故选 A。 26.B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你知道他们是怎么说的吗?当你遇到一个小生物的时候，那 个小生物和你一样害怕你。A. fond 喜欢的；B. scared 害怕的；C. sure 确信的；D. proud 自 豪的。根据第 6 空后面的 of you as you are of it? They lie. The worm showed no fear.可 知，此处指虫子也“害怕”你。故选 B。 27.A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，几天前的那次经历仍然让我做噩梦。A. however 然 而；B. therefore 因此；C. otherwise 否则，要不然的话；D. moreover 另外，此外。根据第 7 空后的 still having nightmares 可知，那次虫子的经历现在仍然是噩梦，与上文构成转折 关系，意思是“然而”。故选 A。 28.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，几天前的那次经历仍然让我做噩梦。A. experiment 实验；B. experience 经历，经验；C. fun 乐趣；D. story 故事。根据第 28 空前后的 still having nightmares （噩梦）about 和 which was several days ago.可知，此处指那次虫子的“经 历”。故选 B。 29.D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刚刚读了一本书，书中把那些缓慢而又辛苦地教孩子们礼 貌的成年人和社会上更有礼貌的人联系了起来。A. development 发展；B. progress 进步；C. preparation 准备；D. connection 连接。根据第 29 空后的 between adults doing the ___30___ and hard work of teaching manners to children and greater levels of civility （礼节）in society.可知，此处指书把有礼貌的人“联系在一起”。故选 D。 30.B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我刚刚读了一本书，书中把那些缓慢而又辛苦地教孩子们 礼貌的成年人和社会上更有礼貌的人联系了起来。A. quick 迅速的；B. slow 慢的；C. boring 令人厌烦的；D. dull 迟钝的。根据第 10 空后的 hard work of teaching manners 可知，此 处指“缓慢”而又辛苦教孩子的成年人。故选 B。 31.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：餐桌礼仪、语言礼仪甚至着装礼仪都表现出一定程度的自我 控制。A. show 展示；B. witness 目睹；C. expect 期盼，预测；D. decrease 减少，降低。 根据第 11 空后的 levels of selFcontrol 可知，“展示”出自我控制。故选 A。 32.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自我控制限制了我们的言论和行为，使我们中的许多人看起 来比实际上要好得多。A. eat 吃；B. laugh 大笑；C. dress（给……）穿衣；D. behave 表现， 举止。根据第 12 空前的 Having self control limits what we say and how we 可知，此处 指言谈举止。故选 D。 33.A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自我控制限制了我们的言论和行为，使我们中的许多人看 起来比实际上要好得多。A. better 更好；B. worse 更糟；C. richer 更富有；D. poorer 更穷。 根据第 13 空前后的 Having self control limit 和 than we really are.可知，自我控制比实际 “更好”。故选 A。 34.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：良好的举止也有助于使用餐时间愉快，即使是和小孩子在一 起。A. responsibility 责任；B. activity 活动；C. possibility 可能性；D. curiosity 好奇心。 根据第 14 空后的 to make mealtime pleasant, even with small children.此处指有助于用 餐愉快的“可能性”。故选 C。 35.A 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我所有的孙子孙女，除了那些还不会说话的，都为离席而请 求原谅。A. except 除……之外；B. besides 除……之外，还有；C. rather 而不是；D. than 比。根据第 15 空后的 the ones that can't yet talk 和第 6 空前的 before leaving the table. 可知，此处指“除了”那些不会说话的。故选 A。 36.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所有的孙子孙女，除了那些还不会说话的，都为离席而请 求原谅。A. punished 惩罚；B. praised 称赞；C. excused 原谅；D. encouraged 鼓励。根 据第 17 空前的 It is a sign of respect for others at the table and a sign of respect 可知， 此处指要求孙子孙女在离开饭桌前感恩。故选 C。 37.D 考查反身代词。句意：这是餐桌上对他人的尊重，也是对用餐本身的尊重。A. myself 我自己；B. yourself 你自己；C. himself 他自己；D. itself 它自己。根据第 17 空前的 It is a sign of respect for others at the table and a sign of respect fbr the meal 可知，这是对用餐 “本身”的尊重。故选 D。 38.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些足够高的，甚至那些不够高的，也会把他们的盘子送到 厨房。A. chairs 椅子；B. dishes 餐具，菜肴；C. books 书；D. tables 桌子。根据第 18 空后 的 to the kitchen.可知，要把“盘子”送到厨房。故选 B。 39.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当一个小男孩有勇气向一个尖叫着、跳上跳下的奶奶 道歉时，至少我们知道，我们多年来对年轻人的礼仪教育正在得到回报——一次只做一件事。 A. devote 致力于；B. appeal 呼吁，对……有吸引力；C. apologize 道歉；D. point 指向。 此处指小孩向奶奶“道歉”。故选 C。 40.D 考查词组。句意：因此，当一个小男孩有勇气向一个尖叫着、跳上跳下的奶奶道歉时， 至少我们知道，我们多年来对年轻人的礼仪教育正在得到回报——一次只做一件事。A. growing up 成长；B. staying up 熬夜，挺得住；C. putting off 推迟；D. paying off 得到回 报。根据上文 So when a little boy has the courage to ___19___ to a grandma who is screaming and jumping up and down 可知，这事对孩子餐桌礼仪教育的“回报”。故选 D。 第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Experiences are acquired through our journey in life； we choose and create our beliefs, fears and opinions 41. (base) on all our experiences in life. Even though things and life are the way they are, we all have different opinions and beliefs about everything and everybody. Other people have opinions about us too. But 42. really matters is the opinion we have about 43. (we). You either choose to accept and follow what other people believe 44. decide to be yourself and live according to the reality of life. 45. living life as it is and being yourself, you create an image about yourself. It is extremely important 46. (understand) how this image, created by your beliefs and imagination, directs and influences your 47. (grow). This image that you create about yourself 48. (determine) who you are and how you feel; it determines how successful you become in life. Everything starts in the mind. If you really want to accomplish your dreams, picture yourself having and living the life you want. Believe in yourself and be 49. (confidence)! It doesn’t matter how bad or difficult the 50. (circumstance) may look like. In short, you are as happy or sad as you see yourself. 文章大意：这是一篇议论文。经验，是通过我们的人生之旅获得的，但真正重要的是我们对 我们自己的看法。你创造的关于你自己的形象决定定了你是谁，它决定了你在生活中有多成功。 所以要相信自己，对自己充满自信。 41.based 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们根据生活中的所有经历来选择和创造我们的信念、恐 惧和观点。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词 choose and create，故此处应用非谓语动词， be based on “以.....为基础”为固定短语，在本句中 based on all our experiences in life 是过去分词做后置定语。故填 based。 42.what 考查主语从句。句意：但真正重要的是我们对自己的看法。分析句子可知，此处是 一个主语从句，且从句中缺主语，故应用 what 来引导。故填 what。 43. ourselves 考查反身代词。句意：但真正重要的是我们对自己的看法。分析句子可知，此 处表示真正重要的是我们对自己的看法，表强调。故应用反身代词。故填 ourselves。 44.or 考查连词。句意：你要么选择接受和追随别人的信仰，要么决定做你自己，按照现实生 活的方式生活。分析句子可知，此处表示两种情况的选择。故填 or。 45. By 考查介词。句意：通过真实的生活和做你自己，你创造了一个关于你自己的形象。分析 句子可知，此处表示通过真实的生活和做你自己。故填 By。 46.to understand 考查动词不定式。句意：理解这个由你的信念和想象力创造的形象如何指 导和影响你的成长是极其重要的。It is+adj+to do sth 为固定句型。故填 to understand。 47.growth 考查名词。句意：理解这个由你的信念和想象力创造的形象如何指导和影响你的 成长是极其重要的。通过句前的 your 可知，此处应用名词。故填 growth。 48.determines 考查主谓一致。句意：你创造的关于自己的形象决定了你是谁和你的感受， 它决定了你在生活中变得多成功。分析句子可知，此处的主语是 This image，故谓语动词应 用第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时。故填 determines。 49.confident 考查形容词。句意：相信自己，自信！根据空气的 be 动词可知，此处应用形 容词。故填 confident。 50.circumstances 考查名词复数。句意：不管情况看起来有多糟糕或多么困难，这都无关紧 要。circumstance 为可数名词，意为“环境”。分析句子可知，此处不止表示一种环境，故应 用其复数形式。故填 circumstances。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 The world is quickly realizing what much it depends on China. Apple is worried about its supply chains. Ikea is closing their stores and paying staff members when they staying home. Starbucks is warned for a financial blow by some authorities. The coronavirus has virtually shut down one of the world's most important growth engine. Desperate to slow the fast-moving virus, the Chinese authorities had extended the country's national holiday, and crippled land, rail or air transport. The full extent of the hit to the broader business world is not yet clearly. "Our the members are dealing with the present trouble,”saying the senior vice president of the US-China Business Council, Jake Parker. 【答案】1. what→how2. their→its3. staying 前加 are 或 staying→stay4. for→of/about 5. engine→engines6. had→have7. or→and8. clearly→clear9. 去掉 members 前的 the10. saying→said 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了冠状病毒对世界经济的影响，世界正在迅速意识到中 国对世界的极大影响。为了减缓快速传播的病毒，中国当局延长了国定假日，并削弱了陆地、 铁路或航空运输。对更广泛的商业世界的打击还不清楚。 【详解】 1. 考查副词。句意：这个世界正迅速意识到他们有多么依赖于中国。how much 表示程度， 宾语从句中作状语，what 引导宾语从句作主语、宾语或表语，可做定语，修饰名词，不与 much 连用。故将 what 改为 how。 2. 考查代词。句意：宜家正在关闭它的门店，同时还要给待着家里的员工支付工资。Ikea 是 单数，形容词性物主代词用 its。故将 their 改为 its。 3. 考查动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，stay 是谓语动词，讲述现在存在的事实用一般现在 时或者现在进行时，主语是复数。故 staying 前加 are 或 staying 改为 stay。 4. 考查固定搭配。句意：星巴克正在发出财物冲击预警。warn of/about“警告某事”是固 定用法，故将 for 改为 of/about。 5.考查名词复数。句意：冠状病毒几乎熄灭了世界上最重要的增长引擎之一。“one of +the + 形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定用法，表示“……之一”。故将 engine 改为 engines。 6.考查动词时态。句意：为了减缓快速传播的病毒，中国当局已经延长了国家假期。根据语境 可知，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响和结果，应该用现在完成时，主语是复数。故将 had 改为 have。 7. 考查连词。句意：为了减缓快速传播的病毒，中国当局延长了国定假日，并削弱了土地、 铁路或航空运输。前后文是并列关系，不是选择关系。故将 or 改为 and。 8. 考查形容词。is 是系动词，接形容词作表语。故将 clearly 改为 clear。 9. 考查冠词。由物主代词 our 修饰名词，无需冠词。故去掉 members 前的 the 10. 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，say 是谓语动词，根据语境，用一般过去时，故将 saying 改为 said。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 假定你是李华，最近你的美国朋友 Leo 在与父母相处的过程中遇到一些困惑，沟通出现 问题。他心情不佳，来信寻求你的帮助。请根据以下要点给他写一封信： 1. 安慰 Leo； 2. 提出建议； 3. 恰当的结尾。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ________ 【范文】 Dear Leo, I am sorry to hear about your communication problems with your parents, but I know how you feel since I’ve had similar problems before. I can offer some useful suggestions based on my own experience. First, let’s put ourselves in their shoes. Parents love us and often try to prevent us from making mistakes that seem obvious to them. When we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart, not a solution. Therefore, what you need is to tell them about this difference and believe them. I hope these suggestions will make a difference to you. Best, Li Hua