高中英语北师大版必修3导学案Unit7Thesea定语从句复习2014高考 12页

定语从句 ‎（一）知识梳理 定语从句 种类 限制性定语从句, 非限制性定语从句 引导词 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：when, where, why ‎（二）基础知识复现与归纳 ‎1．观察 将下列句子中的定语从句标示出来。‎ ‎1) However, Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories while Marco told all his stories to him. ‎ ‎ 2) The Chinese people will never forget the day when China’s first manned spaceship returned safely to the earth after 21 hours in space.‎ ‎ 3) I don’t like stories that have unhappy endings.‎ ‎ 4) By around 900 AD, there were many places in Northern Europe where the Vikings chose to live.‎ ‎ 5) A few days ago I met someone whose brother I went to school with.‎ ‎6) The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday.‎ ‎7) Nobody knew the reason why he was fired by the boss.‎ ‎8) His English, which used to be very poor, is now excellent.‎ ‎9) As can be seen, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.‎ ‎2．发现 句1) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系代词__________，在从句中做__________；‎ 句2) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系副词__________，在从句中做__________；‎ 句3) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系代词__________，也可以使用__________，在从句中做__________；‎ 句4) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系副词__________，在从句中做__________；‎ 句5) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系代词__________，在从句中做__________；‎ 句6) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系代词__________，也可以使用__________，在从句中做__________；‎ 句7) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系副词__________，在从句中做__________；‎ 句8) 中定语从句的先行词是__________，引导词是关系代词__________，在从句中作__________；‎ 句9) 中定语从句修饰的是__________，引导词是关系代词__________，在从句中作__________。‎ ‎3．归纳 在定语从句中，关系代词__________和__________指代人，__________是主格，在从句中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语，__________是宾格，只作宾语，__________指代物，__________既可以指代人也可以指代物，__________作定语，表示所属关系；关系副词__________指代地点，__________指代时间，__________指代原因；__________和__________在非限制性定语从句中可以指代整个句子。‎ ‎（三）操练巩固 I.‎根据句意用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。‎ ‎ 1.An architect is someone ________ designs buildings.‎ ‎ 2.The man ________I talked with is my first English teacher.‎ ‎ 3.Where is the cheese ________ was in the fridge?.‎ ‎ 4. This morning I met a lady _____ son goes to the same university as ours.‎ ‎ 5. I would like to live in a country ________there is plenty of sunshine.‎ ‎6. Is there a time ________ we can meet?‎ ‎7. He isn’t such a man ________ he used to be.‎ ‎8. She took photos of the things and people ________ she was interested in.‎ II.合并各组句子。‎ ‎ 9. We are not allowed to do so.‎ ‎ Tell me the reason.‎ ‎ 10. I spend my childhood in Suzhou.‎ ‎ I have never been there again since I left.‎ ‎ 11. My uncle bought the bicycle last week.‎ ‎ The bicycle has been stolen.‎ ‎12. In the basket there are a lot of pears.‎ ‎ Some of the pears have gone bad.‎ III．将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。‎ ‎ 13. 上一周我回了一趟我出生的那座小镇。.‎ ‎ 14. 住在隔壁的那个男士很友好。‎ ‎ 15. 昨天瘫痪的那台电脑已经修好了。‎ ‎16. 这是我看过的最好的一部电视剧。‎ ‎17. 所有能做的都已经做过了。‎ IV. 综合训练 阅读下面的短文，选择合适的词填空。‎ that who which whose in which where when The Creator of the World Wide Web Most people have never heard of Tim Berners-Lee. He is not nearly as rich or famous Marc Andreessen, 18_______ was cofounder of Netscape, or Bill Gates, 19_______ name has become a household word.‎ Berners-lee, 20_______ works in a small office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is the creator of the World Wide Web. The creation of the Web is so important 21_______ some people compare Berners-lee to Johann Gutenberg, 22_______ invented printing by moveable type in the fifteenth century. ‎ Berners-Lee was born in England in 1955. His parents, 23_______ helped design the world’s first commercially available computer, gave him a great love of mathematics and learning. ‎ In 1980, Berners-Lee went to work at CERN, a physics laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland, 24_______ he had a lot of material to learn quickly. He had a poor memory for facts and wanted to find a way to help him keep track of things he couldn’t remember. He devised a software program 25_______ allowed him to create a document 26_______ had links to other documents. He continued to develop his idea through the 1980s. He wanted to find a way to connect the knowledge and creativity of people all over the world.‎ In 1991, his project became known as the World Wide Web. The number of Internet users started to grow quickly. However, Berners-Lee is not completely happy with the way the Web has developed. He thinks it has become a passive tool for so many people, not the tool for creativity 27_______ he had imagined.‎ In 1999, Berners-Lee published a book 28_______ is called Weaving the Web, 29_______ he answers questions he is often asked: “What were you thinking 30_______ you invented the Web?” “What do you think of it now?” “Where is the Web going to take us in the future?”‎ ‎(四)难点分析与归纳 ‎1. The Science Museum, _______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’ s tourist attractions. ‎ ‎ A. which                B. what C. that                 D. where 答案及分析：A。句中先行词是The Science Museum，表地点，但在定语从句中作visited的宾语，故选which 而不选where。‎ ‎2. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy. ‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. what D. whom 答案及分析：D。此句为一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是people，在定语从句中作of的宾语，故关系代词为whom。‎ ‎3. We’ re just trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk. ‎ ‎ A. where B. that C. when D. which 答案及分析：A。where 在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词point，表地点，作状语。‎ ‎4. Jim passed the driving test, _______ surprised everybody in the office. ‎ A. which B. that C. this D. it 答案及分析：A。此句是一个非限制性的定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，并指代前面句子的整个内容。‎ ‎5. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.(2004 湖北)‎ ‎ A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 答案及分析：A。在the way 后的定语从句中，主谓宾齐全。那么，the way 只能作状语，因此引导词应该是that 或in which，但它们都可以省略，故选A。‎ 定语从句贯穿了整个高中英语的每一册教材，也是每年必考的考点。归纳定语从句知识时要掌握以下要点：1) that，which，who等关系代词与when，where等关系副词的基本用法，以及如何选择定语从句引导词；2) 引导词that和which的用法区别以及各自的特殊用法；3) 非限制性定语从句意义、用法以及which在非限制性定语从句中的应用；4) as在定语从句中的用法；5) “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句；6) 带有“插入语”的定语从句；7) 分隔式定语从句；8) 定语从句与并列句、状语从句、名词性从句、强调句型的用法区别。‎ ‎（五）高考链接 ‎1. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ______ appeared a rare rainbow soon. ‎ ‎ A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which ‎2. Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. ‎ ‎ A. who B. which C. why D. when ‎3. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. ‎ ‎ A. where B. when C. who D. which ‎4. The man pulled out a gold watch, ______ were made of small diamonds. ‎ ‎ A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of ‎ C. which the hands of D. the hands of which ‎5. We went through a period ___ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. ‎ ‎ A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which ‎6. He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to Beijing University. ‎ ‎ A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that ‎7. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. ‎ A. which B. as C. why D. where ‎8. The thought of going back home was ______ kept him happy while he was working abroad. ‎ ‎ A. that B. all that C. all what D. which ‎9. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. ‎ A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which ‎10. The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago. ‎ A. when B. which C. that D. where ‎ ‎11. --- What do you think of teaching, Bob?    --- I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _____ you are doing something serious ‎ but interesting.‎ ‎ A. where B. which C. when D. that ‎ ‎12. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are ‎ both museums now.‎ A. where B. when C. there D. which ‎ ‎13. They’ve won their last three matches, ______ I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which ‎14. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ______ they can see themselves ‎ differently. ‎ A. that B. when C. which D. where ‎ ‎15. Whenever I met her, ______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet ‎ smile.‎ A. why B. which C. when D. that ‎16．I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my ‎ own.‎ A. which B. where C. how D. why ‎17. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any ‎ e-mails.‎ A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever ‎18. I’ll give you my friend’s home address， I can be reached most evenings.‎ ‎ A. which B. when C. whom D. where ‎19. She brought with her three friends, none of ______ I had ever met before.‎ ‎ A. them B. who C. whom D. these ‎20. My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him. ‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. where D. it ‎ 操练巩固答案 ‎1. who 2. that/whom 3. that/which 4. whose 5. where 6. when ‎ ‎7. as 8. that ‎9. Tell me the reason why we are not allowed to do so.‎ ‎10. I spend my childhood in Suzhou where I have never been again since I left.‎ ‎11. The bicycle that/which my uncle bought last week has been stolen.‎ ‎12. In the basket there are a lot of pears, some of which have gone bad.‎ ‎13. Last week I went to the small town where I was born.‎ ‎14. The man who lives next door is very friendly.‎ ‎15. The computer that broke down yesterday has been repaired.‎ ‎16. This is the best TV play that I have ever seen.‎ ‎17. All that can be done has been done.‎ ‎18. who 19. whose 20. who 21. that 22. who 23. who 24. where ‎ ‎25. that 26. that 27. that 28. which 29. in which 30. when 高考链接答案 ‎1-5 DDADC 6-10 ADBBD 11-15 AADDB 16-20 BCDCA 总复习指导P35‎ 补充练习：‎ 改写下列句子：‎ A 1. I don’t understand the way ________ ________ you solved this problem.‎ I don’t understand ___________ you solved this problem.‎ ‎2. She gave a musical concert in the hall _____ _______ we interviewed a famous violinist last week.‎ ‎ She gave a musical concert __________ we interviewed a famous violinist last week.‎ ‎3. An box office is a place_________ _________ tickets are bought or reserved.‎ ‎ An box office is __________ tickets are bought or reserved.‎ ‎4. Finding a job as a singer was the reason ________ ________ I moved.‎ ‎ Finding a job as a singer was the reason ________ I moved.‎ ‎5. This is the thing __________ I want to tell you.‎ ‎ This is __________ I want to tell you.‎ ‎6. Summer is the time ________ _________ we like to go outdoor concerts.‎ ‎ Summer is _________ we like to go outdoor concerts.‎ ‎7. We went through a period ______ ________ communication were very difficult in the rural area.‎ ‎8. The school themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the job _______ _______ they are being trained.‎ ‎9. The accident had reached to a point _________ both their parents are to be called in.‎ ‎10. I can think of many cases ________ you know nothing about.‎ ‎ I can think of many cases ________ students obviously know a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.‎ B.‎ ‎1. Do you know the woman talking to Tom?‎ ‎ Do you know the woman _________ _________ _________ to Tom?‎ 1. The road joining the two villages has just been broadened.‎ The road _______ _______ the two villages has just been broadened.‎ 2. Those injured in the accident have been taken to hospital.‎ Those _______ _______ _______ in the accident have been taken to hospital. ‎ 3. Some of the people invited to the party cannot come.‎ Some of the people _______ _______ _______ _________ to the party cannot come.‎ 4. The taxi taking us to the airport broke down half way.‎ The taxi ______ _______ ________ us to the airport broke down half way. ‎ 参考答案 I. ‎ A. 1. in which, how 2. in which, where 3. at which, where 4. for which, why ‎ ‎5. that, what 6. in/during which, when 7. in which 8. in which 9. where 10. that, where B. 1. who is talking 2. which/that joins 3. who were injured ‎ ‎4. who have been invited 5. which/that was taking 定语从句阅读理解 If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.‎ If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.‎ Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.‎ Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.‎ These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.‎ But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.‎ ‎1. If a mother adds “but” to an apology, _______.‎ A) she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized B) she does not realize that the child has been hurt C) the child may find the apology easier to accept D) the child may feel that he owes her an apology ‎2. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “____”.‎ A) You have good reason to get upset B) I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame C) I apologize for hurting your feelings D) I’m at fault for making you upset ‎3. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because _______.‎ A) it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B) it may make the other person feel guilty C) it is vague and ineffective D) it is hurtful and insulting ‎4. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry _______.‎ A) the complexities involved should be ignored B) their ages should be taken into account C) parents need to set them a good example D) parents should be patient and tolerant ‎5. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _______.‎ A) a social issue calling for immediate attention B) not necessary among family members C) a sign of social progress D) not as simple as it seems ‎ ‎ 1-5 DBCBD 如果你想要教会你的孩子如何道歉的话，你必须自己会善于道歉，特别是对你的孩子也要善于道歉。但是如何做到呢，这是确实相当复杂棘手的问题。‎ 如果你对你的孩子说“ 我很抱歉刚才对你发火了，但是...“我今天过得很糟糕”或者“你吵得我头都痛了”，这后面接的“但是”就使得你的道歉没有效果。受到伤害的人他所期待的道歉，应该是对方对自己恶劣行为的道歉。‎ 另外一种道歉的方式是：人们说：我很抱歉你难过了。这种方式好像是在道歉，实际上却算不上真正的道歉。这句话感觉就是，你由于别人的行为而使得自己不开心，怎么说自己也有责任和过错。‎ 这里有个普遍的，任何场合都适用的道歉方式，它不需要确定某种特定的行为，不论这种行为是特别的伤感情还是出言不逊。在这种道歉方式里，道歉的人必须承诺以后再也不会这么做了。说什么“我是个没用的家长”并不能答应任何具体的改正。‎ 那些认为道歉表示软弱的人都会用这种虚伪的道歉方式，希望教自己的孩子道歉的家长们应该把它看做坚强的象征，因此，不应诉诸于那些虚伪的道歉。‎ 但是尽管孩子们看到了那些真诚道歉的例子，孩子仍然需要在家长们的帮助下了解到说出道歉的复杂情绪。一个三岁的孩子也许需要帮助才能理解，由于他用重的玩具砸到了玩伴的头上，而使人家感到很痛时，他就需要向这个和他一起玩耍的小朋友道歉。你也需要提醒六岁的小朋友，如果他破坏了其他小朋友的期望的话，是要的道歉的。一个十二岁的小朋友得明白，未经允许从饼干罐里拿饼干是可以接受的，但是未经允许借父母的衣服是不行的