十年高考20022011英语数词与主谓一致 8页

十年高考【2002-2011】英语----数词与主谓一致 u 数词在高考中的考查重点：‎ ‎1.基数词的确指和不确指；‎ ‎2.数词与主谓一致关系；‎ ‎3.dozen和score的用法；‎ ‎4.序数词与冠词的连用。‎ u 主谓一致在高考中的考查重点：‎ 最常见的形式是主谓一致的考查；分数和百分数作主语、数量词作主语仍将是考查重点（as well as; together with; along with; not only…but also…; rather than; neither…nor…; either…or…; the number of与a number of等要特别关注）；‎ ‎【2011安徽卷）27】The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes.‎ A. is B. are C. was D. were ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【考点】考查主谓一致和时态。‎ ‎【解析】定语从句中先行词是the raw materials，故定语从句应与先行词数的一致，用复数，上文时态为过去式，故选D。句意为：工厂用了这种原材料的65%，剩余部分节省出来作他用。‎ ‎【2011湖南卷)26】One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_______black people. ‎ A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】考查主谓一致。‎ ‎【解析】整个国家为整体，三分之一的部分当然也应用单数；而the majority of citizens主要指人，是可数名词，此时的谓语动词用复数，表示“大多数，大部分”。‎ ‎〖10全国Ⅱ〗Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ evening dress.‎ A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查主谓一致和时态。‎ ‎〖解析〗首先the only one of ….为先行词时, 定语从句修饰的是one, 即one是主语, 而非后面的复数women, 根据主谓一致的原则, 谓语动词应该用复数, 排除A, D。另外, 从 “is”可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯, 因此要用一般现在时, 排除C, 故选A ‎〖10湖南〗Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.‎ A. is B. are C. has D. have ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗主谓一致 ‎〖解析〗根据动名词短语作主语, 句子的谓语动词用单数形式, 由此排除B、D两项, 根据主语与caused的主动关系, 排除A项 ‎〖10四川〗Such poets as Shakespeare widely read, of whose works, however, some difficult to understand. ‎ A. are；are B. is；is C. are；is D. is：are ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗主句中的主语应为poets, 谓语动词用复数, 其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为some of whose works, 谓语动词也应是复数。故选A。‎ ‎〖09山东〗The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _______ rising steadily since1990. ‎ A. is B. are C. has been D. have been ‎ ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致和时态。‎ ‎〖解析〗主语是 the number故谓语动词用单数, 又因时间状语是since 1997所以用完成时态。‎ ‎〖09四川〗The teacher together with the students _______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. ‎ A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was ‎ ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗A together with B作主语时谓语动词与A的单复数保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代Reading Skills, 由于Reading Skills是书名所以谓语动词用单数。 ‎ ‎〖09湖南〗Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.‎ A. are B. is C. have D. be ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗主谓一致的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗Either …or…. 连接两个主语, 按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。One of your students 谓语应用单数形式。‎ ‎〖09陕西〗Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.‎ A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查动词时态和主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗主语中心词是Dr. Smith, 表单数, 谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是this summer, 表计划性的将来, 故时态用一般将来时, 选A。‎ ‎〖09江西〗According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ______ a woman. ‎ A. than B. such C. so D. as ‎ ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查比较级的结构。‎ ‎〖解析〗as ….. as , 注意句中的more than 只是修饰twice。‎ ‎〖09辽宁〗Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost his. ‎ A. as much twice as B. twice as much as ‎ C. much as twice as D. as twice much as ‎ ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查as----as同级比较前的修饰语位置。‎ ‎〖解析〗twice应该放在第一个as之前, 选B符合。‎ ‎〖08陕西〗—Did you go to the show last night?‎ ‎—Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area invited.‎ A.were B.have been C.has been D.was ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗主语是every boy and girl, 表示单数概念, 故谓语动词用单数, 且询问昨晚的情况, 有明确的过去时间, 所以应选择was。‎ ‎〖07江西〗A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ‎ good for one’s health. A.show; are B.shows; is C.show; is D.shows; are ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗由a survey可知第一个空用shows, 首先排除A、C两项；第二个空前的时间three hours of outdoor exercise a week表示抽象概念, 看作单数, 故其谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎〖07湖南〗We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks so small that a day is unimportant. A.is B.are C.has been D.have been ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为:……几天和几周的时间是如此的渺小, 以致于一天根本微不足道。本句用来陈述事实, 用一般现在时态；空白处所在句子的主语是the time, 谓语动词应用单数形式。‎ ‎〖07陕西〗As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area . A.need repairing B.needs to repair C.needs repairing D.need to repair ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。‎ ‎〖解析〗分数、百分数修饰名词, 谓语动词的单复数取决于名词, 此处two-thirds修饰buildings, 故谓语动词取决于名词复数buildings , 排除B、C两项, need doing=need to be done意为 “需要被做”。‎ ‎〖07上海〗A survey of the opinions of experts     that three hours of outdoor exercise a week     good for one’s health.‎ ‎   A. show; are    B. shows; is    C. show; is    D. shows; are ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗由a survey可知第一个空用shows, 首先排除A、C两项；第二个空前的时间three hours of outdoor exercise a week表示抽象概念, 看作单数, 故其谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎〖07浙江〗Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet.  ‎ ‎  A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据句意, 此处应用被动语态, 不用主动语态, 故排除B；又因为when and where表示单数意义, 故排除D；再根据句末的yet可知, 最好用现在完成时, 故选A最佳。‎ ‎〖07浙江〗It is reported that the floods have left about people homeless. A.two thousand B.two-thousands C.two thousands D.two thousands of ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查数词的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等指具体数字时, 不用复数形式；指大约数字时, 常用复数形式。如：one hundred, two thousand, three million,‎ ‎ hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/dozens/scores of。‎ ‎〖06北京〗She went to the bookstore and bought . A.dozen books B.dozens books C.dozen of books D.dozens of books ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查dozen的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗dozen意为 “一打, 十二个”, 与数词连用时要用单数形式。与of连用时要用复数形式。dozens of意为 “若干, 许许多多”。dozen与数词或many, several连用时其后不加s；dozen前有基数词表示确切数字时, 其后一般不与of连用。‎ ‎〖06浙江〗The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third used regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long. A.is B.are C.was D.were ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。‎ ‎〖解析〗当分数、百分数作主语时, 要根据其后面的名词来决定其谓语动词的单复数。此处one-third应是one-third of the notebook computers的省略形式, 因此谓语动词用复数, 且句子的时态用了过去时, 所以D项正确。‎ ‎〖06安徽〗Most of what has been said about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons. A.are B.is C.being D.to be ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗名词性从句作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。另外句中be true of意为 “对……也适应”。‎ ‎〖06江苏〗A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A.is B.are C.was D.were ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗由时间状语 “tomorrow afternoon”判断, 此处应用现在进行时表将来, 故排除C、D两项。 “a poet and artist”指一位诗人兼画家, 谓语动词用单数, 故选A项。‎ ‎〖06辽宁〗The father as well as his three children ____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.‎ ‎  A. is going                   B. go                   C. goes                 D. are going ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗从语法讲解的角度来看, 主语The father是单数概念, 尽管后面跟有as well as his three children,谓语动词仍要用单数形式。every Sunday afternoon in winter暗示该空表示经常性、习惯性动作, 因此应用一般现在时。从命题方式的角度看, 此题学生易弄混淆主语为his three children而出错, 在主语后添加his three children容易误导学生对主语的判断。‎ ‎〖05全国II〗As you can see, the number of cars on roads _______ rising these days. A. we keeping               B. Keep              C. Keeps            D. were keeping ‎ ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗a number of为量词短语, 表示“许多……”, 中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词, 所以作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。the number of表示““……的数量”, 后接复数名词,‎ ‎ 其中, 中心词为number, 因此谓语动词用单数。由此可以排除B；同时, ““these days”表明是现在的一种状态, 句子应为一般现在时, 因此应填keeps, 选C。如你所见, 现在路上的车子的数量不断增加。‎ ‎〖05辽宁〗Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, ____ in the clothing industry. ‎ ‎   A. is working               B. works             C. work              D. worked ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗首先, especialy those from the countryside是修饰women的, 可以把它抛开不看, 句子精简后就是 a large number of women____(in)the clothing industry~因为a large number of是很多的意思, 所以用动词一般现在时的复数形式。‎ ‎〖05上海〗Professor Smith, along with his assistants, on the project day and night to meet the deadline. ‎ A.work B.working C.is working D.are working ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗该句主语是Professor Smith, 故而谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎〖05山东〗With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year. ‎ ‎ A.is washing away B.is being washed away C.are washing away D.are being washed away ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：随着更多森林被毁, 每年有许多良田被冲走。quantities of后既可接不可数名词, 也可接可数名词, 其谓语动词用复数, 故选D项。‎ ‎〖05山东〗The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992.　 ‎ ‎  A. change  B. has changed   C. changing   D. have changed ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查主谓一致和时态。‎ ‎〖解析〗he was used to是定语从句, 作the country life的定语。即The country life (that) he was used to has changed greatly since 1992‎ ‎〖04全国II〗It is reported that the United States uses _____ energy as the whole of Europe.‎ A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much ‎ ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考倍数表达法的句型......倍数+as+形容词（或much）或副词+as ‎〖解析〗据报道, 美国使用的能源是整个欧洲的两倍。‎ ‎〖04上海春〗No one in the department but Tom and I ____ that the director is going to resign.  ‎ ‎ A. knows   B. know   C. have known   D. am to know ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查主谓一致和时态。‎ ‎〖解析〗这个句子中, 谓语动词取决于主语No one。可把这个句子写成：No one in the department knows that the director is going to design but (=except Tom and me)。原句中的 I 正规的语法中应该是me。这句话的意思是说, 整个部门除了我和Tom没有人知道老板要辞职的事情。主语是“no one”所以用knows第三人称单数。‎ ‎〖04广东〗All the employees except the manager ______to work online at home. ‎ ‎  A. encourages  B. encourage  C. is encouraged   D. are encouraged ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查时态和主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗主语是all the employees(复数) , 而不是the manager, 排除答案A和C；又因all the employees与encourage是被动关系, 要用被动语态, 排除B, 故选D。‎ ‎〖04北京〗The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. ‎ ‎  A. was              B. were           C. had been         D. would be ‎ ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查时态和主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗由when the earthquake struck可知, 要用一般过去时, 排除C和D；又因为主语是单数the teacher, 所以只有A正确。‎ ‎〖04福建〗She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ___ 50 million.‎ ‎  A. have reached         B. has reached             C. are reaching        D. had reached ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查时态和主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗本句话的真正主语应该是the sales, 即书的销量达到50,000,000。‎ ‎〖04上海春〗No one in the department but Tom and I ____ that the director is going to resign.  ‎ A. knows   B. know   C. have known   D. am to know ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗句子主语中有but, 需考虑就远原则, 与真正的主语No one人称一致。‎ ‎〖03北京〗He did it ____ it took me. ‎ A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查分数与冠词。‎ ‎〖解析〗time后接定语从句时, 前面要加定冠词the。one—third the time表“三分之一的时间”。 〖03上海春〗Many students signed up for the ______ race in the sports meeting to be held next week. ‎ A. 800-meter-long B. 800-meters-long ‎ C. 800 meter length D. 800 meters length ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查含数词的复合形容词。‎ ‎〖解析〗800-metre-long为复合形容词, 其中的名词须用单数形式。 〖03上海春〗When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _________ yet. ‎ ‎  A. are not decided   B. have not been decided   ‎ ‎ C. is not being decided     D. has not been decided ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查时态和主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗疑问词+不定式作主语, 谓语动词用单数, 同时, yet暗示完成时, 现在还没有被决定。‎ ‎〖02北京春〗--- How are the team playing? ‎ ‎--- They’re playing well, but one of them         hurt.  ‎ ‎  A. got       B. gets      C. are           D. were ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致和时态的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗首先从主谓一致入手, one of them为单数主语, 可以先排除C和D；根据句意, “有个人受伤了”应该是一般过去时, 因此答案为A。‎ ‎〖02上海春〗He is the only one of the students who _______a winner of scholarship for three years.  ‎ ‎  A. is     B. are    C. have been    D. has been ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致和时态的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗定语从句先行词前有the only修饰, 从句中谓语动词只能用单数；同时, for three years. 说明用现在完成时。‎ ‎〖02上海春〗Americans eat ______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. ‎ A. more than twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many ‎〖答案〗D ‎ ‎〖考点〗本题考查倍数表达。‎ ‎〖解析〗倍数表达方式之为:主语+is/was+倍数+as形容词原级+as+被比较的对象。‎ ‎〖01上海〗________ people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day. ‎ A. Several million B. Many millions C. Several millions D. Many million ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查million的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗million前可用several修饰,此时其后不能加-s, many不能修饰million。表达“几百万”也可用millions of。答案为A。‎ ‎〖01上海〗As a result of destroying the forest, a large ____ of desert ____ covered the land. ‎ ‎  A. number, has B. quantity, has C. number, have D. quantity, have ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词的修饰和主谓一致问题。‎ ‎〖解析〗a large number of修饰可数名词, 所以先排除A的C项；desert为不可数名词, 后面的谓语动词应该用单数has, 所以正确答案是B。‎ ‎〖00上海春〗Every possible means _____ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.‎ ‎  A. is used    B. are used C. has been used    D. have been used ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致和时态问题。‎ ‎〖解析〗主语的means为单数名词, 意思是 “手段、方法”, 因此, 要先排除B和D项；根据句意 “所有阻止空气污染的方法都用过了, 但天空气还是不干净。”, 可见, 此处应该用现在完成时。因此答案应为C。‎ ‎〖00全国春〗All the preparations for the task ______, and we are ready to start. ‎ ‎  A. completed  B. complete  C. had been completed   D. have been completed ‎ ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词的主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗首先, 根据句意 “所有的准备工作都已经做完了, 我们准备开始做。”可见此处应该用现在完成时；其次, preparations为复数, 即主语为复数, 所以用have, 故正确答案为D。‎ ‎〖00 NMET〗_____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.  ‎ ‎  A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are　‎ ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查分数表示法和主谓一致。‎ ‎〖解析〗分数表示法：分母序数词, 分子基数词, 若分子大于一, 分母要用复数。同时, 分数修饰名词作主语时, 谓语动词由该名词决定。“五分之二"应为"two fifths”;land是不可数名词,谓语动词应使用单数形式。答案为C。‎ ‎〖00上海春〗I told him what I was surprised _____ his attitude towards his study. ‎ ‎  A. is    B. was     C. at is     D. at was ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致、固定搭配和从句时态的问题。‎ ‎〖解析〗be surprised at为固定搭配, at不能省略, 它后面的宾语是what；what I surprised at充当told后面宾语从句的主语, 是一个what引导的名词性句子, 后面的谓语动词应该用单数, 且和主句用一般过去时, 从句对应也要用过去时。因此, 正确答案是D。‎