2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：名词性从句专项练习 20页

2020 年高考英语语法必考知识点：名词性从句专项练习 单项选择 1.____ knowledge comes from practice is known to all. A. What B. That C. If D. Where 2. _____ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good. A. If…do B. That…do C. If…does D. That…does 3. ____ is known to all that WTO stands for World Trade Organization. A. Which B. What C. As D. It 4. ____ is known to everybody is that Taiwan is part of China. A．As B What C．That D It 5. It's a pity _____you should have to leave. A. whether B. that C. what D. when 6. It is important that the students ___ oral English every day. A. would practice B. practice C. practiced D. practicing 7. It is not immediately clear _____ the financial crisis will soon be over. A. what B. whether C. since D. that 8. ____ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter. A. If B. Whether C. What D. When 9._____ breaks the school rules will be punished. A. No matter who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. One student 10. ____ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting. A. If B. Where C. That D. What 11. ____ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time. A. When B. Why C. What D. That 12. _____ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 13. _____ makes the school famous is ________ many students in this school have been admitted to famous universities. A. What; because B. That; because C. Whether; that D. What; that 14. Water is a sign of life—water is _____ makes life possible on the planet. A. that B. what C. it D. which 15. That is ____ Lu Xun once lived. A. what B. where C. that D. why 16. I hate ___ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them 17. I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 18. We think ____ our duty that we pay taxes to our government. A. that B. this C. its D. it 19. Don’t ____ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 20. The doctor suggested that the patient sent to hospital without delay. A. are B. is C. be D. will be keys BDDBB BBBCB ADDBB ACDDC 名词性从句指的整个句子话充当名词。 Tom tells me a story. 主语 宾语 He is my teacher, Tom. 表语 同位语（teacher 和 Tom 指的是同一个人/事） 从上面两个句子中可以看出，名词在句子里可以充分主语，宾语，表语和同位语， 故名词性从句包含了宾语从句，表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句四种。 A、宾语从句： 整个句子充当宾语的成分，包括动宾和介宾。 Tom tells me that he is my teacher. 注： 1）从句：陈述句语序； 2）引导词往往是从句开始的标志； 1. 引导词： a.连接词: 1) That：从句完整（只起连接作用，不表达任何意思）+意思明确 I believe that I will win the game. 2) Whether …(or not): if 从句完整+是否意思 I don’t know whether it will rain tomorrow (or not). (天气的主语用 It) I am not sure if I will go to the USA. b. 连接代词 what, which, who, whoever, whichever, whatever, whom, whose: 从句不完 整 I don’t know what is right. I don’t know with whom I should go out.(介词后面用宾格形式) I don’t know who I should go out with. He is interested in whatever he sees. c. 连接副词 when ,why, how, where 从句完整，表示地点，时间，原因，方式/程度 I want to know when my dad will come back. Tom wants to know how he can pass the exam. I realize how important my mother is. 2. that 是否可以省略 1）宾语从句第一个从句的 that 原则上是可以省略的，但是自己写作或口语的时 候建议不要省略。 2）当两个或多个 that 引导的宾语从句并列使用时，即使省略了第一个从句的引 导词 that，后面的 that 也不可省略。 He said it wasn’t his business and the government should do something about it. A. what; that B. that; what C. /; that D. that; / key: C 3. whether/if 的用法 He asks whether/if I went shopping yesterday. I haven’t decided whether I should go. 注意：if 通常不用于引导主语从句或表语从句，但可以用于引导宾语从句，与 whether 用法相同，但是在以下情况下只能用 whether： a. 在介词后面； It depends on whether you can do the work well. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. b. 从句中有 or not; I don’t know whether he is coming or not. c. 在少数动词，如：leave, put, discuss, doubt 后面； We discussed whether Mary could join us. 4. 宾语从句时态 （1）当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时时，宾语从句可用所需的任一时态； I think that he moved to Beijing five years ago. （2）当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。 He told me that he worked in that factory. She thought that her boss had been to Tokyo more than three times. （3）当宾语从句为客观事实客观真理时，时态应采用一般现在时。 The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 5. it 形式宾语 当从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，常用 it 作形式宾语，而 将真正的宾语放在句尾。 常用 it 作形式宾语情况： (1) 当从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如 think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose 等）； They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. (2) 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如 like, enjoy, love, hate 等，往往 不能直接接宾语从句； I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 6. 否定转移： 当主句主语为第一人称，且主句谓语动词为 think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等时，若其后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句，此时通常应将否定转移 到主句上。如： I don’t think that he will leave. I don’t believe that it is easy. 注意：在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的动词后的宾语从句，谓语动词需用 “ should+动词原形 ”表示，should 可省略。常见的词有 suggest, demand, insist, instruct, order, propose, recommend, request, require 等。 He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. B、表语从句： 整个句子充当表语成分。 注： 引导词的用法和宾语从句中引导词用法一致，且引导词不能省略。 My dream is that I can be a good English teacher. The problem is not whether you can live with others （or not）. Hard work is what makes success possible. 引导词充当主语 Honesty is what it takes to communicate with others successfully. 引导词 充当宾语 My problem is where I should spend my holiday. C、 主语从句： 整个句子充当主语成分。 注： 1）引导词的用法和宾语从句中引导词用法一致，且引导词不能省略。 2）句子充当主语，谓语动词用三单 3）避免头重脚轻，有些可以用 it 形式主语 That English is an international language is true. （that 不能省略） ---It is true that English is an international language. （it 形式主语） Whether we will go to the park or not depends on the weather. Whatever he does is wrong. Whoever leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights.（whoever 谓语动词用三单） D、 同位语从句： 整个句子充当同位语成分。 同位语一般指的是同一个人或同一件事： He is my teacher, Tom. 此处 teacher, Tom 是同一个人，Tom 是 teacher 的同位语。 注： 1）同位语从句往往是抽象性名词：fact, possibility, argument, idea 名词内容 具体化 2）引导词的用法和宾语从句中引导词用法一致，且引导词不能省略。 I support the argument that everyone should wear the school uniform. There is no doubt that there are more job opportunities in the big cities. I have no idea when will he come back. The question who will be our new teacher is still unknown. 同位语从句和其他名词性从句的转换 I believe that big cities have more convenient transportation. I believe the fact that…(加入一个抽象性的名词) The advantage of living in the big cities is that we can enjoy better education. The advantage of living in the big cities is the fact/truth that… 巩固练习 一、单项选择 1. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ____ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 2. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have _____ we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 3. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _____ she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 4. As a new graduate, he doesn’t know _____ it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. When D. which 5. Before the sales start, I make a list of ____ ___ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which 6. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ____ _____. A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering 7. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ______ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives． A．what B．who C．how D．why 8. We haven’t discussed yet ___ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where 9. I want to be liked and loved for __ ____ I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 10. ---Have you finished the book? ---No, I’ve read up to ___ the children discover the secret cave. A. which B. what C. hat D. where 11. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ____ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 12. Could I speak to ___ is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 13. The book can be of help to ____ wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 14. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ____ he can react more appropriately on such occasions. A. what B. which C. that D. how 15. Many young people in the West are expected to leave ___ could be life’s most important decision，marriage，almost entirely up to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what 16. The companies are working together to create ___ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who 17. Students are always interested in finding out ____ _ they can go with a new teacher. A．how far B．how soon C．how often D．how long 18. When asked ____ they needed most，the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. A. what B. why C. whom D. which 19. People in Chongqing are proud of_____ they have achieved in the past ten years. A. that B. which C. what D. how 20. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ______ it is. A. what B. which C. how D. where 21. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for. A. what B. why C. how D. whether 22. ---Could you do me a favor? ---It depends on _____________ it is. A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 23. ---What did your parents think about your decision? ---They always let me do ________ I think I should do. A. when B. that C. how D. what 24. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. that 25. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and __________ it is rough or smooth. A. / B. whether C. how D. what 26. Mum is coming. What present __________ for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got 27. I was surprised by her words，which made me recognize _________ silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 28. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _______ he thought was not enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which 29. ___________ climber gets to the top first will get a ￡5，000 prize. A. No matter when B. Whichever C. No matter which D. Whenever 30. _________ we are to finish the work in time, I’m not sure. A. Whether B. If C. Although D. Why 31. The way he did it was different _________we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which 32. A modern city has been set up in _________ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 33. We can’t figure out __________ quite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 34. I think father would like to know __________ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 35. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at __________ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that 36. The world thinks highly of _______ China and its people have achieved in the last year. A. that B. which C. what D. how 37. The firm invested approximately 60 million dollars in __________ it says is the world’s largest bottle-bottle recycling plant. A. that B. where C. what D. how 38. We are very proud of ______ you have accomplished so far. You should be proud too. A. what B. that C. which D. where 39. The new schoolyard of No 2 middle school lies in ________ used to be crop fields. A. what B. which C. where D. that 40. ---How do you think I can make up with Jack? ---Set aside ______ you disagree and try to find ______ you have in common. A. what; what B. where; what C. what; whether D. where; whether 41. ---I believe ________ you’ve done your best and ________ things will improve. ---Thank you. A. that；/ B. /；/ C. what；that D. /； that 42. The mistakes made by Chinese students are quite different from _________ were made by the Japanese students in English study. A. that B. which C. what D. those 43. _________ is known to everybody is that Taiwan is part of China A．As B What C．That D It 44. __________ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift. A．Which B．As C．That D．What 45. Tom waited and waited, and after _________ seemed to be a very long time, he was called to enter the interviewing office. A. that B. there C. what D. when 46. __________ you have picked up, you must give it back to ________ it belong to. A. Whatever; whoever B. What; no matter who C. No matter what; no matter who D. Whatever; no matter who 47. The Guinness company hired two Englishmen to write ________ later became the Guinness Book of World Records. A. that B. which C. what D. then 48. After hours’ drive, they reached __________ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of. A. that B. where C. what D. which 49. At the beginning of a speech, it is very important to grab the audience’s attention and make them interested in ________ you have to say. A. which B. what C. that D. who 50. It took the early settlers more than 150 years to build up _________ is now a modem city. A. where B. which C. what D. that 二、翻译练习 1. 世界⾼度评价中国所取得的成就。(speak highly of ) __________________________________________________________ 2. 她经常告诉学生，未来属于那些受过良好教育的人 。(belong to) __________________________________________________________ 3. 我向他们讲清楚了，他们必须在上午 10 时前交作业。(make it clear to sb that…) __________________________________________________________ 4.他想当然地认为自己能通过考试。(take it for granted that…) __________________________________________________________ 5.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。 __________________________________________________________ 6.作为学生，我们应该对老师所说的多加注意而且好好利用我们所有的一切。 (make full use of sth) __________________________________________________________ 7. 在挑战⾯前，是勇⽓区别于成功与失败。（make the differences between… and…）_____________________________________________________________________ 8.⽗母所说的和所做的对孩⼦有影响。(have an effect on) __________________________________________________________ 9. 没有⼈能否认教育是⼈⽣最重要的⼀⽅⾯这个事实。（deny） __________________________________________________________ 10. 我忘了别⼈教我的东西，我只记得我⾃⼰学的东西。 __________________________________________________________ 11. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。 __________________________________________________________ 12. 他从玛丽那里获知了运动会被推迟的消息。 __________________________________________________________ 13. 他们得出一个结论，不是所有的事情都能用电脑完成。 __________________________________________________________ 14. 今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。 __________________________________________________________ 15. 他们什么时候结婚还不被知道。 __________________________________________________________ 答案 1-5 ACDBB 6-10 BBDCD 11-15 CCDDD 16-20 CAACA 21-25 ACDAB 26-30CACBA 31-35 CACCCC 36-40 CCAAB 41-45 DCBDC 46-50 CCCBC 1. The world speaks highly of what China has achieved. 2. She keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the well-educated. 3. I made it clear to them that they must hand in homework/assignment before 10 o’clock in the morning. 4. He just took it for granted that he would pass the exam. 5. The problem is how we can get the things we need. 6. As students, we should pay more attention to what teachers said and make full use of what we have. 7. In face with difficulties, it is courage that makes the differences between success and failure. 8. What parents say and do have an effect on their children. 9. No one can deny the fact that education is an important aspect in our life. 11. Whether you succeed or not depends on what you do and how you do it. 12. He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 13. They came to the conclusion that not all things can be done by a computer. 14. That the university will enroll more students is true. 15. It remains unknown when they are going to get married.