高考英语一轮复习 语法强化系列专题7 情态动词和虚拟语气精选导学案 北师大版 4页

情态动词和虚拟语气 ‎1．—Where is Lucy?‎ ‎—I can't say where she is，but she________ have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.‎ A．can B．should C．must D．may 解析：这里表示对过去状况的推断，用“情态动词＋have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“过去可能已经做了……”(不确定)。must have done表示“过去一定做了……”(非常确定)；can have done 用在否定句和疑问句中，should have done 表示“过去本该做……(实际却没做)”。‎ 答案：D ‎2．If you had brought your swimsuit with you, we ________ swimming in the lake now.‎ A．could go B．could have gone C．can go D．have gone 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你此前带着游泳衣的话，现在我们就可以在湖中游泳了。本句是混合虚拟条件句，前半句是对过去情况的假设，后半句是对现在事实的假设。故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎3．—Has Tim started？He said he would join in the party.‎ ‎—He________ .He is a man of his word.‎ A．could have left B．must have left ‎ C．can't come D．won't be coming 解析：根据He is a man of his word.可知他是一个守信的人，因此推测他肯定已经启程了。 句意为：——Tim 启程了吗？他说他要参加聚会。——他一定已经启程了，他是一个守信的人。must have done“一定干了某事”，故B项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎4．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?‎ ‎—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________ have one as a reward.‎ A．must B．need ‎ C．would D．shall 解析：shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见；shall 用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。答句句意：如果你整个假期能够帮助洗盘子的话，就会得到一个MP5作为回报。shall表示允诺。‎ 答案：D ‎5． I may let you get away with your bad behaviour this time, but I must warn you that if this happens again you ________ be punished.‎ A．will B．must C．can D．shall 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：这次我可以饶了你，但我先把话说明白，要是你下次再犯的话，你是要受处分的。shall用于第二人称，表示劝慰、告诫或许诺，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎6．He stood up and offered her his seat, as if he ________ her mind.‎ A．had told B．was telling C．had read D．was reading 解析：考查虚拟语气和动词辨析。句意：他站起来给她让座，似乎猜出了她的心思。本句是对过去情况的假设，所以用过去完成时。read sb.'s mind表示“猜测某人的心思”。‎ 答案：C ‎7．________ anything, give me a call and I'll be glad to help you.‎ A．Had you required B．Should you require C．You required D．You had required 解析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果你有什么要求，给我打个电话，我将乐意帮助你。根据句意可知，此处是对将来情况的假设，前半句是“If you should require anything”的省略形式，省略if后，需要将should提到主语前，此处should表示“假如；万一”。‎ 答案：B ‎8．If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed，we ________ there by now.‎ A．would be B．are C．have been D．had been 解析：句意为：如果不是你穿衣服花了那么长时间的话，我们现在就到那里了。从句用了与过去相反的虚拟语气，但主句与现在情况相反，故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎9．—I didn't attend the lecture yesterday.‎ ‎—I________ ，either，if my mother hadn't reminded me.‎ A．wouldn't B．wouldn't have ‎ C．didn't D．hadn't 解析：考查虚拟语气。从句子中if my mother hadn't reminded me 知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，主句应该用should/would/could/might＋have done结构，从选项中看只有B项合适(I wouldn't have 是I wouldn't have attended the lecture的省略)。‎ 答案：B ‎10．—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood?‎ ‎—Next to nothing.I wish I________ harder at English.‎ A．worked B．had worked ‎ C．would work D．were working 解析：考查虚拟语气。wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反，意思是：我希望我(过去)更努力地学习英语了。‎ 答案：B ‎11．35 passengers died in the bullet train accident. But for the heroic train driver, many more people ________.‎ A．had died B．would die C．would have died D．died 解析：考查虚拟语气。But for the heroic train driver 意为“要不是那个英勇的司机”，表达的是一个与过去事实相反的条件，故主句表达的结果也应该与过去的结果相反，应用would have done结构，故答案为C。‎ 答案：C ‎12．He that makes himself a sheep ________ be eaten by the wolf, as the saying goes.‎ A．shall B．could C．will D．should 解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：正如谚语所说“人善被人欺”。shall用于陈述句与第三人称连用，表示说话人的意图、警告、命令、允诺、决心等语气。‎ 答案：A ‎13．—Did you make it at last?‎ ‎—Yes.But for your help，it________ a serious loss.‎ A．would cause B．must have caused C．would have caused ‎ D．may cause 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：——你们最后成功了吗？——‎ 成功了，要不是你的帮助，我们的损失就大了。but for...要不是……。‎ 答案：C ‎14．You ________ as well do this now, for you will have to do it first or last.‎ A．need B．must C．can D．may 解析：考查情态动词may。语意：你不妨现在做，因为你早晚要做。may as well 表示“不妨，倒不如”。‎ 答案：D ‎15．________ today, he would get there by Friday.‎ A．Was he to leave B．Was he leaving C．Were he to leave D．If he leaves 解析：考查虚拟语气。语意：如果他今天出发的话，那么周五之前就可以到那里了。由主句的时态及语意可知，这里是对将来事实进行假设，从句中谓语可以用were to do 的形式，从句可以省去if并将were放于句首。‎ 答案：C