高考一轮复习高考英语语法综合训练11 7页

‎2019年高考一轮复习语法综合训练（十一）‎ 一 语法填空 A 篇 ‎ ‎【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第十一次考试】‎ The Silk Road is in fact a 41． (relative) recent term. These ancient roads had no particular name 42．the mid-nineteenth century; Baron Ferdinand von Richthoften named the trade and communication network the Silk Road. Since then the term 43．(accept) globally.‎ In the nineteenth century, a new type of travelers stepped onto the Silk Road: archaeologists and geographers, enthusiastic explorers who were eager 44．(look) for adventure. Researchers who came from many countries traveled through the Taklamakan Desert, 45．is now in Xinjiang, to explore ancient sites along the Silk Road, 46． (lead) to many discoveries and studies, and most of all, a renewed interest 66 the history of these routes.‎ Today, many historic47．(build) and monuments still stand, marking the passage of the Silk Road through hotels, ports and cities. What’s more, the long-standing legacy of this 48．(impress) network is reflected in a large number of cultures, languages, customs and religions that have developed for many years along these routes. The passage of merchants and travelers of many different nationalities resulted not only in commercial exchange, 49．in a widespread and continual process of cultural interaction. Obviously, it has become 50． driving force in the formation of diverse societies.‎ ‎【解析】本文主要讲了丝绸之路的历史和现代意义。‎ ‎41．考查副词。修饰形容词recent，用副词，所以填relatively。‎ ‎42．考查连词。那些古老的路没有特殊的名字，直到十九世纪中期。表示“直到……”，所以填until。‎ ‎43．考查时态和语态。由Since then可判断出用现在完成时，且the term与accept之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，填has been accepted。‎ ‎44．考查固定用法。be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，是固定用法，所以填to look。‎ ‎45．考查非限制性定语从句。_____5_____is now in Xinjiang,作定语，修饰Taklamakan Desert，所以_____5_____is now in Xinjiang是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填which。‎ ‎46．考查非谓语动词。lead与其逻辑主语Researchers之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填leading。‎ ‎47．考查名词单复数。many修饰可数名词复数，所以填buildings。‎ ‎48．考查形容词。修饰名词network，用形容词，所以填impressive。‎ ‎49．考查固定用法。这条不同民族商人和旅行者的道路不仅导致了商业交流，也导致了文化交互的普遍和持续的进程。not only…but(also)不仅……而且，是固定用法，所以填but。‎ ‎50．考查冠词。泛指“一种推动力”，且driving的首字母发音是辅音，所以用不定冠词a。‎ 名师点睛：小题5考查非限制性定语从句。现对非限制性定语从句的用法进行归纳总结。一、非限制性定语从句的概念 ‎ 非限制性定语从句对先行词仅起到附加修饰或说明的作用， 有时对整个主句或主句的部分内容作进一步的说明。若去掉它， 整个主句的意思不受影响。例如：‎ ‎ Next winter, which you will spend in Harbin, I’m sure, will be another exciting holiday．‎ ‎ 可以肯定，你将要去哈尔滨度过的下个冬天， 将会是又一个令人兴奋的假期。 ‎ 二、非限制性定语从句的形式 非限制性定语从句与先行词以及主句之间的关系不甚紧密，因而通常要用逗号与主句分隔开。例如：‎ Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?‎ 你看过“泰坦尼克号”这部电影吗？它的男主演可是世界闻名的。‎ 三、非限制性定语从句引导词的特殊情况 ‎ 1．非限制性定语从句不可用that引导， 在非限制性定语从句中用who(作主语) / whom(作宾语)指人，用which(作主语 / 宾语)指物， 用whose作定语(指人 / 物)。例如：‎ ‎ The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention．‎ ‎ 这位试图打反击的著名篮球明星吸引了众人的关注。‎ ‎ The film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive．‎ ‎ 这部电影很有教育意义， 它的导演是位老人。‎ ‎ 2．关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略，若指人时，只用whom，不用 who。例如：‎ ‎ York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city．‎ ‎ 我去年访问过的约克是个古老而美丽的城市。‎ ‎ Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now．‎ ‎ 请把这本书交给杰西卡，就是刚才我们在大厅里遇到的那位。‎ ‎ 3．非限制性定语从句不可用why引导， 需用for which替代why。例如：‎ ‎ None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent．‎ ‎ 我们没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。‎ B篇 ‎【此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 ‎ 2019届河南省郑州市第一中学高三测试（六）】‎ Near the town of Montignac in Southern France, visitors can find some of the most beautiful cave paintings in the world-the Lascaux Cave Paintings (拉斯科洞窟壁画).‎ The history of these paintings is very interesting. Most caves are formed 41． nature under the ground, but some have entrances people can find. That’s just what happened one day in 1940. Four boys were taking 42． walk in the woods near Montignac. As they walked along, one of them noticed an unusual rock.43． they got closer, they found it wasn’t a rock but an opening in the ground. This ‎ opening led to a cave, so they decided to have a look around it. The walls of the cave were 44． (cover) with ancient art. The boys didn’t know it, but the cave was the find of the century!‎ Over the years, many historians and artists came to study the art. They wanted to understand who painted the pictures and 45． they might mean. They soon realized some of the art indicated animals that were on Earth a long time ago. Many of the pictures also showed people 46． (follow) animals and trying to kill them for food. In the end, historians agreed that this was likely to be the art of a civilization that existed over 15,000 years ago.‎ By 1950, over a thousand people from all over the world were visiting the cave every day. But by 1955, the paintings were beginning to become difficult 47． (see). Many people were passing through the cave, so the paintings were losing their color.48． (sad), people can no longer visit the cave. However, another set of cave paintings has been created. These paintings look exactly the same 49． the Lascaux Cave Paintings. People 50． (make) the paintings so that everyone can still learn about this great ancient civilization.‎ ‎【解析】本文介绍法国南部Montignac镇附近的世界上最美的一些洞窟壁画——拉斯科洞窟壁画。‎ ‎41．本题考查了动词和介词的搭配。此题是动词和介词搭配题，按照句子完整表达，缺少介词。句意为：洞窟是在地下自然形成的。确定答案为by。‎ ‎42．本题考查了冠词。此题是冠词基本用法题，空格后面是辅音开头的单数可数名词。句意为：四个男孩在附近散步。确定答案a。‎ ‎43．本题考查了从句。句意为：当他们走近，才发现那是个地洞而不是岩石。此题是从句引导词判断题，联系文章，是时间状语从句。确定答案When / As。‎ ‎44．本题考查了动词变型。句意为：洞窟里面是壁画。此题是动词变型题，墙壁被画作覆盖。应当用被动语态。确定答案covered。‎ ‎45．本题考查了宾语从句。句意为：他们想知道是谁画了这些画，而它们又代表什么含义。此题是从句引导词判断题，首先判断空格是从句引导词，其次，判断用途。确定答案what ‎ ‎46．本题考查了非谓语动词的用法。句意为：人们在追逐动物，并且想把它们杀掉当食物。此题是非谓语动词题，句子有两种处理方式，如果按照非谓语动词，主语是follow的发出者，所以应当用following，如果把后半部分视作从句，则应该用过去进行时。确定答案(were) following。‎ ‎47．本题考查了动词不定式的用法。句意为：画开始变得看不清。此题是动词不定式基本用法题，首先判断see 和paintings的关系，画作很难再看清楚，动词不定式在此处修饰形容词。确定答案to see 。‎ ‎48．本题考查了副词用法。句意为：很遗憾，人们不能再欣赏画作。此题是形容词和副词转换题，空格词修饰整个句子，应该用副词。确定答案Sadly 。‎ ‎49．本题考查了连词。句意为：人们在重新创作的洞窟里面可以看到一样的壁画。此题是连词判断题，the same as 与……一样确定答案as。‎ ‎50．本题考查了时态。句意为：人们制作了相同的壁画，以供大家欣赏。此题是时态题，仿制壁画是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，因为已经对现在产生了影响，所以还可以考虑现在完成时。确定答案(have) made。‎ C篇 ‎【重庆市第一中学2019届高三上学期期中考试】‎ Beijing's Forbidden City is a place full___41___wonder.From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts（工艺品）,it's one of China's most popular tourist___42___(destination).But even more than 600 years after it was built, it's still managing to serve up surprises.Since___43___Ming Dynasty,it's estimated that the Forbidden City___44___ (survive) more than 200 earthquakes.And while most structures aren't made___45___(resist) natural disasters,it seems that the Forbidden City was built to stand up to anything.According to experts,the answer to the Forbidden City's strength___46___(lie) in Dougong—a centuries-old building method___47___(invent) in China.This is the name for special structures on buildings that are perfect at___48___(keep) structures together___49___the weather gets rough.The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and___50___(culture) significance,but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter.‎ ‎【答案】41. of 42. destinations 43. the 44. has survived 45. to resist ‎ ‎46. lies 47. invented 48. keeping 49. when 50. cultural ‎【解析】本文主要讲述了北京紫禁城的历史和它的神奇之处，让人们对紫禁城作为最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一有了更加深刻的认识和了解。‎ ‎41. of 考查短语，full of充满，根据句意：紫禁城是一个充满奇迹的地方，故填of。‎ ‎42. destinations考查名词单复数，最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一one of China’s most popular tourist destinations，用复数形式，故填destinations。‎ ‎43. the考查冠词，专有名词前用定冠词the，the Ming Dynasty明朝，故填the。‎ ‎44. has survived考查时态，根据句意：自明朝以来，据估计紫禁城已经经历了超过200次的地震。用现在完成时态，故填has survived。‎ ‎45. to resist考查动词不定式，根据句意：似乎紫禁城是为了抵抗任何东西而建造的。由于被动语态要加to do，故填to resist。‎ ‎46. lies考查主谓一致，主要是strength，谓语动词用单数，故填lies。‎ ‎47. invented 考查过去分词，中国发明的一种古老的建筑方法。过去分词作定语修饰method，故填invented。‎ ‎48. keeping 考查动词ing形式，be perfect at doing something“完美地做某事”，故填keeping。‎ ‎49. when 考查连词，when引导时间状语“当…时候”，故填when。‎ ‎50. cultural 考查形容词，文化意义cultural significance，故填cultural。‎ 二 短文改错 A篇 ‎【2019届河南省南阳市第一中学高三第十一次考试】‎ That I was in the second grade, my mother would frequently send me there to the little neighborhood store. One day I went with a list, and when the storekeeper’s back turned, I couldn’t help reach into his candy box on the counter and pocketing one. On the way home, I enjoyed them very much. But I felt guilt about it so much. Therefore when I spotted the old storekeeper at the football game during my high school years, I apologized at him. He smiled, holding out his hand, and said, “You owe me ten cent.”‎ ‎1.That---When 2.there去掉 3.turned前加was 4.reach---reaching ‎ ‎5.them---it 6.guilt---guilty 7.football前the---a 8.at---to ‎ ‎9.holding---held 10.cent---cents ‎【解析】本文主要讲了作者小时候从一家杂货店偷了一块糖果吃，一直觉得很愧疚。后来，在一次高中球赛上，作者向杂货店老板道歉的故事。‎ 考查连词。表示“当我上二年级的时候”，所以That---When。‎ 考查固定句型。send sb. to some place把某人送到某处，是固定句型，所以there去掉。‎ 考查句子结构。and when the storekeeper’s back turned,这个句子缺谓语动词，所以turned前加was。‎ 考查固定句型。can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事，是固定句型，所以reach---reaching。‎ 考查代词。指代前面的“一块糖”，所以them---it。‎ 考查形容词。感官动词felt之后接形容词，所以guilt---guilty。‎ 考查冠词。泛指“一场足球赛”，且football首字母发音是辅音，所以football前the---a。‎ 考查固定用法。apologize to sb. 向某人道歉，是固定用法，所以at---to。‎ and连接并列的谓语动词，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以holding---held。‎ 考查名词单复数。你欠我十美分。被ten修饰，所以用名词复数，cent---cents。‎ B篇 ‎【此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 ‎ 2019届河南省郑州市第一中学高三测试（六）】‎ Have you ever been to Wuzhen? It is so beautiful a village that I had already visited it many times. Locating in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province, it has a history of about 6,000 years. Like many small towns in the southern area, which has a lot of small bridges going through clean streams. Local people live in old houses, they are very friendly. During the day, you can walk or sit on a boat to enjoying the natural scenery along the stream. The scene at night is attractively as well. There are all kinds of round and square light. Every time I look at the pictures for which I took, I will remember the water, the bridges and the houses. I love an amazing water country!‎ ‎【解析】1.句意：它是如此的美丽以致于我参观了很多次。根据many times可知句子用现在完成时态，故把had---have。‎ ‎2.句意：它坐落在浙江省嘉兴，有大约6000年的历史。be located in坐落在---，此处是过去分词做伴随状语。故把Locating--- Located。‎ ‎3.句意：像很多南方小城镇一样，它有许多小桥穿过清澈的小溪。此句是简单句，故把which---it。‎ ‎4. 句意：像很多南方小城镇一样，它有许多小桥穿过清澈的小溪。go over/across穿过，横穿，故把through--- over/across。‎ ‎5.句意：当地人住在老房子里，并且他们非常友好。此处是并列句，故在they前加and。‎ ‎6.句意：在白天，你可以步行或坐在船上欣赏沿途的自然风光。根据句意可知此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故把enjoying---enjoy。‎ ‎7.句意：夜晚的景色也吸引人。be 动词后面用形容词做表语，故把attractively--- attractive。‎ ‎8.句意：有各种各样圆的、方的灯。all kinds of修饰可数名词复数，故把light---lights。‎ ‎9.句意：每次我看到我拍的照片时，---。此处the pictures是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中做宾语，故把for去掉。‎ ‎10.句意：我爱这个令人惊讶的水村。此处表示特指故把an---the。‎ C篇 ‎【重庆市第一中学2019届高三上学期期中考试】‎ I'm gladly to receive your novel.Thank you for such lovely a gift,for I had been expecting it for a long time.This novel offers to me more understanding of American society and daily life.I know you're interesting in Chinese festivals,and therefore I have chosen an album of paper cutting for you.Paper cutting is unique form of Chinese cultural relics,that is often used as a decoration for a joyful atmosphere.I hope it will bring happiness and lucks to your family as it always did in China.‎ I'm expecting you to come to China and experience the rich culture on person.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】gladly改为glad，考查形容词，be glad to do something，故将gladly改为glad。‎ such改为so，考查副词，so+adj+a+n，如此…的，故将such改为so。‎ had改为have，考查时态，文章是一般现在时态，故将had改为have。‎ 去掉to，考查动词搭配，offer somebody something提供给某人某物，offer是及物动词，故将to去掉。‎ interesting改为interested，考查形容词，根据句意：我知道你对中国节日感兴趣。对…感兴趣interested，故将interesting改为interested。‎ Unique前加a，一种独特的中国文化遗产a unique form of Chinese cultural relics，故在unique前加a。‎ that改为which，考查非限制性定语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，故将that改为which。‎ lucks改为luck，考查名词单复数，luck“幸运，运气”是不可数名词，故将lucks改为luck。‎ did改为does，考查时态，文章用一般现在时态，故将did改为does。‎ on改为in。考查介词in person亲自，根据句意：我期待你能来中国亲自感受中国文化， 故将on改为in。‎