高考英语词汇汇总 12页

‎ 本文由suigenlia贡献 ‎ doc文档可能在WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择TXT，或下载源文件到本机查看。‎ ‎ 高考重难点短语复习（一） 一. 教学内容： 中学阶段重难点短语复习（一） 二. 具体过程 重难点短语与例句： 1. be absent from… 缺席，不在 Is anybody absent from class? 2. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 Don’t be absent-minded at this very moment. 3. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引……的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注 于…… 近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on The children were so absorbed in their game that they did not feel hungry. 4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 As we know, China is abundant in natural resources. 5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解 Citizens may have free access to the library. 6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. without accident(=safely) 安全地, He did it whether by accident or design. 7. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地 He joined the army of his own accord. 8. in accord with 与……一致. out of one’s accord with 同……不一致 His words are in accord with his ideas. 9. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据 I am in accordance with him in this matter. 在这件事情上我同他是一致的。 He acted in accordance with his beliefs. 他按照自己的信念行事。 10. on account of 因为 We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather. 由于天气不好, 我们将启程的时间推 迟了. 11. take…into account(=consider)把……考虑进去 He will take into account my request. 他会考虑我的要求。 12. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明。 He has been asked to account for his conduct. 他被要求解释他的行为。 13. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控 告 He was accused of murderer. 他被指控谋杀。 14. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 Nowadays, everyone has to be acquainted with high-tech knowledge. 当今，每个人都必须对高 科技有所了解。 Being acquainted with English is sure to help you a lot.学会英语一定会对你大有帮助。 15. act on 奉行,按照……行动; act as 扮演; My idea is that we shall act on his suggestion. 我的意见是我们应当按照他的建议去办。‎ ‎ The forest will act as a defense against desert dust. 16. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 One should adapt oneself to the changed conditions. 我们应当使自己适应变化了的情况。 17. adapt…(for) (=make sth. suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要) This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original. 这部小说已由俄文原著改编成 无线电广播节目。 18. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 In addition to a diet, she pursues various exercises on TV. 节食以外她还随电视做体操。 19. adjust…(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country. 他很快使自己适应了这个国家炎热 的天气。 20. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先. Before visiting him, I called him up in advance. 在拜访他之前，我先打电话给他。 21. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于……处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 This method has the advantage of saving a lot of fuel. 这个方法有可以节省很多燃料的优点。 Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage over the other applicants for the job.她的教学 经验使她比起其他求职者具有很大的有利条件。 22. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. She took advantage of ‎ his good nature.她利用了他脾气好这个特点。 23. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意 I entirely agree with you. 我完全同意你的看法。 We couldn’t agree on a date/when to meet.关於日期[什么时候见面], 我们未能取得一致意见. 24. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致 We are in agreement with their decision. 我们同意他们的决定。 25. ahead of 在……之前, 超过……; ahead of time 提前. He will be ahead of others in English. 他在英语方面将超过别人。 26. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中. on/off the air 正在广播；停止广播 We may be going skiing at Christmas, but it’s still all up in the air. 我们圣诞节可能去滑雪，但 还没有定下来。 We shall be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟后开始广播。 27. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. What a child should do, above all, is to do well in his studies. 小孩子该做的最重要的事是学好 功课。 28. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计 That’s ￡5.40 in all. 总共 5.40 英镑。 29. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说 All in all, he’s more learned than he was ten years ago. 总的说来，他比 10 年前更有学问了。 All at once she lost her temper. 她突然发起脾气来。 You should forgive him for his forgetfulness; after all, he is over seventy. 你应该原谅他的健忘 症，毕竟他已经七十多岁了。 First of all, let me tell you the news. 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。 30. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.‎ ‎ We must allow for the train being late. 我们必须想到火车会晚点的。 31. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于. His debts amount to over$1, 000. 他负债总共超过 1000 美元。 32. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对……负责. I will answer for it that he will accomplish the task. 我愿意担保他能完成这个任务。 33. be anxious about 为……焦急不安; 或 anxious for I don’t wonder you were anxious about their safety. 你为他们的安全着急，我不感到奇怪。 34. apologize to sb. for sth. 为……向……道歉 He insisted that I (should) apologize to her. You must apologize to your sister for being so rude. 35. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 Do these paintings appeal to you? 你对这些画感兴趣吗? I can not say smoking appeal to me very much. 我不能说吸烟对我有多大吸引力。 36. apply to sb. for sth. 为……向……申请 :apply for 申请; apply to 适用. The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. 安全驾驶之规则适用于每个人。 If you apply to this university, you’ have to pay a registration fee of at least $20. 如果你申请这 ll 所学校你就得交至少 20 美元的注册费。 37. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准 He do not approve of our plan. 他不赞成我们的计划。 Her father will never approve of her marriage to you. 她父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。 38. arise from(=be caused by) 由……引起。 Accidents arise from carelessness. 意外事故起因于粗心大意。 39. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排……做…… If you can arrange for me, I will be very grateful. 如果你能为我安排一下，我将不胜感激。 40. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); You must arrive at the airport two hours early. 你必须提前两小时到达机场。 Flight number BA 4793 will arrive in London at 16:50. 英国航空公司 4793 号班机于 16 时 50 分抵达伦敦. 41. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以……为羞耻 You should be ashamed of what you have done. 你应为自己所做的事感到羞愧。 42. assure sb. of sth. (=try to ‎ cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向……保证, 使……确信. We book early to assure ourselves of seats. 我们及早订票以确保有座。 43. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…… Before they fled the country, the enemy vainly made at attempted at destroying all the factories. 敌人在逃往国外前，妄图把所有工厂都毁掉。 44. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把……归因于……, 认为……是……的 结果 They attribute their success to their teacher’s encouragement. 他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。 45. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 On the average, there are 300 tourists a week. 每星期平均有 300 游客。 46. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道. He is not aware of his danger. 他没有意识到自己有危险。 47. be based on / upon 基于 ‎ Judgment should be based on facts, not on hearsay. 判断应该以事实为依据， 而不应该依靠道听 途说。 48. begin with 以……开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语) I have to begin with an apology. 我得首先表示歉意。 To begin with, she is too young for that kind of job. 首先，她做这种工作年纪还太轻。 49. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以……名义 On behalf of my colleagues and myself I thank you. 我代表我的同事和我本人向你表示感谢。 50. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./ sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰. We believe in his ability. 我们相信他的才干。 I believe in you. 【模拟试题】 1. — It’s a good idea. But who’s going to the plan? —I think Tom and Greg will. A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get through 2. Happily for John’s mother, he is working harder to his lost time. A. make up for B. keep up with C. catch up with D. make use of 3. If you had your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes. A. looked up B. thought about C. gone over D. gone round 4. Would you slow down a bit, please? I can’t you. A. keep up with B. put up with C. make up to D. hold on to 5. You’d better some money for special use. A. pick up B. give away C. put off D. set aside 6. In order to with the advanced countries, we must keep learning. A. get along B. put up C. catch up D. go on 7. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it very well. A. worked out B. tried out C. went on D. carried on 8. I’m planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it the weather. A. links with B. depends on C. connects to D. decides on 9. — Smoking is bad for your health. —Yes, I know. But I simply can’t . A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away 10. If you any problems when you arrive at the airport, give me a ring． A. come up with B. set about C. run into D. put aside 11. We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to it. it might be valuable. A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after 12. His mother had thought it would be good for his character to from home and earn some money on his own. A. run away B. take away C. keep away D. get away 13. Can you make a sentence to the meaning of the phrase? A. show off B. turn out C. bring out D. take in 14. News reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached.‎ ‎ A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have broken in D. have broken up 15. Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may the shocking ending. A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off 16. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to. A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over 17. He some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.‎ ‎ A. made out B. picked up C. gave up D. took in 18. The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather the helplessness of the crew at sea. A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up 19. We’re going to with some friends for a picnic. would you like to join us? A. get in B. get over C. get along D. get together 20. He was in hospital for six months. he felt as if he was from the outside world. A. cut outB. cut up C. cut off D. cut through 【试题答案】 1~5 BACAD 16~20 ABADC ‎ 6~10 CABAC ‎ 11~15 ADCAA ‎ 高考重难点短语复习（二） 一. 教学内容： 中学阶段重难点短语复习（二） 二. 重难点短语与例句： 1. benefit（from）受益，得到好处。 I have benefited a lot from extensive reading. 广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅。 This project is of great benefit to everyone. 这项工程对每个人都大有好处。 2. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时；give birth to 出生 I am French by birth and a British subject by marriage. 我按出生是法国人，因结婚而成为英国 公民。 The baby weighed seven pounds at birth. 那婴儿出生时重七磅。 On October17, at 9:25 A. M. I gave birth to a beautiful baby girl. 10 月 17 日上午 9 时 25 分，我 生下一个漂亮的小女孩。 3. blame sb. for sth. 因……责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把……推在某人身上 The driver was not to blame for the accident. 这次事故怪不着司机。= They couldn’t blame the accident on the driver. 4. on board 到船上，在船上，上火车或飞机 We went on board Athens yesterday morning. 我们昨天早晨登上雅典号。 5. in brief（=in as few words as possible）简言之 In brief, Tom is a lazy boy. 简而言之，汤姆是个懒孩子。 6. on business 出差办事。 I have to go to London on business tomorrow. 明天我要到伦敦去办事。 7. be busy with sth. 忙于某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 ‎ He is busy with some important work. 他正忙于处理一些重要的事情。 =He is busy doing some important work. 8. but for（=without）要不是。表示假设 But for your advice, I should have failed. 要不是你的忠告，我会失败的。 But for music（=Were it not for music）, life would be dull. 要不是音乐，人生会很无聊。 9. be capable of 能够，有能力 be capable of being +过去分词：是能够被……的 Salamanders once were thought to be capable of living in fire. 火蜥蜴曾被认为能生活于火中。 10. in any case（=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow）无论如何 In any case he can not give up it. 他无论如何也不会放弃它。 11. in case（=for fear that）万一；in case of（=in the event of）如果发生……万一 in the case of 至于……，就……而言 in no case 在任何情况下都不（倒装句放句首） In case you need something, please don’t hesitate to let me know. 如果你需要什么东西，请别 客气，尽管跟我说。 In case of emergency, break the glass and press the button. 遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃罩并摁 下按钮。 I will reveal your secret in no case. 我决不会泄漏你的秘密。 12. be cautious of 谨防 She is cautious of telling secrets. 她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。 13. center one’s attention on（=focus one’s attention on）把某人的注意力集中在……上 You should focus your attention on your work. 你应该把注意力放到工作上。 14. in charge of（=responsible for）负责（某事） in the charge of …由……管 take charge of（=to be or become responsible for）负责管理（照顾） Mr. Zhang was in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理不在时，张先生负责这 个商店. =The shop was in the charge of Mr. Zhang while the manager was away. 15. charge…for 因……索取（费用） ，charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…… As long as you’ve paid in advance ‎ we won’t charge you for delivery. 只要你预先付款，我们 就不收你送货费。 Bill was charged with murderer. 比尔被指控谋杀。 16. round the clock（=all day and all night, usually without stopping）昼夜不停地 Surgeons are working round the clock to save his life. 外科医生们正在日夜工作以抢救他的生 命。 17. comment on 评论 Downing Street has so far refused to comment on these reports. 英国政府对这些报道迄今不予 置评。 18. commit oneself to 使自己承担…… commit sb. to prison 把某人送进监狱；commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来；commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论 She committed herself to science. 她专心从事科学事业。 19. in common（和……）有共同之处，共用。 be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的 The two sisters have nothing in common. 两姐妹没有什么共同之处。 In this situation it is common to say that nothing can be done until law and order is restored. 一般 来说在这种形势下，不恢复法律和秩序是什么也干不了的。 20. keep company with（=be friendly and go out together）和……要好。‎ ‎ He who keeps company with a wolf will learn to howl. [谚]跟狼在一起， 就会学狼叫； 近墨者黑。 21. compare…with … 把……与……比较 compare…to… 把……比作…… I compared the copy with the original, but there was not much difference. 我比较了复印件和原 件，但是差别不是很大。 Life is poetically compared to the morning dew. 在诗歌中，人生被比喻为朝露。 22. by comparison 比较起来 in comparison with（=in contrast to）和……比起来 We can only tell good from bad by comparison. 我们可以通过比较来分辨好坏。 23. complain of（or about）抱怨；诉苦；控告；complain about 抱怨某人或事情；complain to sb. about sth. （or sb. ）向某人抱怨…… I have nothing to complain of. 我没有任何不满。 You’ve got nothing to complain about. 你没什么可抱怨的。 24. concentrate on（or upon）集中，专心 I can’t concentrate on my work when I’m tired. 我累了就无法集中精力工作。 25. in conclusion（=as the last thing）最后一点；at the conclusion of 当……结束时； In conclusion, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying here. 最后我想要说我在这里过 得有多愉快。 26. condemn sb. to 判决 The criminal was condemned to death. 这个罪犯被判死刑。 27. on condition that（=if）以……为条件，假如 I’ll come on condition that John is invited too. 如果约翰也受到邀请，我就来。 28. in that = because 因为；now that = since 既然 He didn’t attend the negotiation in that he was ill. 他因为有病，没有参加谈判。 Now that you are a college student, you should learn to be independent of your parents’ help. 既 然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不靠父母的帮助。 29. in / out of condition（=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit）健康状况好/不好。 in good（bad）condition 处于良好（坏）状态 Do more exercises or you will be out of condition. 多锻炼否则你会身体不好的。 I don’t care about the price, so long as the car is in good condition. 我不计较价钱，只要车很好 用就行了。 30. in confidence 推心置腹地；with confidence 满怀信心地； have confidence in 对……有信心 told you that in confidence so why did you tell Jean about it? 我是私下告诉你的， 你怎么又告诉 了简呢？ He answered the questions with confidence. 他很有把握地回答了那个问题。 You should have confidence in yourself. = You should believe in yourself. 31. confine…to… 把……限制在某范围内 I am sick, I have to confine to bed. 我病了，我得卧床休息。 32. conform to（=be in agreement with, comply with）符合，遵照，遵守； （1）obey 服从； （2） observe； （3） comply with 照……办； （4） keep to 遵循； （5） abide by 服从； （6） stick to 按…… 做 A citizen is expected to conform to the law of his ‎ country. 一个好公民应当遵守他国家的法律。 They keep to the custom of having their marriages only in May. 他们固守传统， 只在五月举行婚 礼。 33. be confronted with（=be brought face to face with）面对，面临 ‎ The new system will be confronted with great difficulties at the start. 这种新的制度一开始将会 面临很大困难。 34. congratulate sb. on 祝贺 We congratulated him on his birthday. 我们向他庆祝生日。 35. in consequence（=as a result）结果 36. in consequence of（=as a consequence of）由于……的结果 He studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam. 他努力学习，因此通过了考试。 In consequence of having to use after-burners more fuel is consumed. 由于必须使用加力燃烧 室，消耗了较多的燃料。 37. under consideration 在考虑中 in consideration of（=in return for, on account of, because of ）由于 The question is now under consideration. 这个问题正在考虑之中。 In consideration of the extra work Tom had done, his boss gave him an extra week’s pay. 由于汤 姆做了额外的工作，老板多付给他一周的薪水。 38. take…into consideration（=take account of, take…into account）考虑到，把……考虑进去 I always take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car. 我买汽车时总要把燃油消 耗量考虑在内。 39. consist of（=be composed of）由……组成的。 consist in 主要在于。 consist with 符合，与……一致 A week consist of seven days. 一星期由七天组成。 The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity. 该计划的妙处在于简洁明了。 Health do not consist with intemperance. 健康不放纵，放纵不健康。 【模拟试题】 常考的动词短语专项练习：选择最佳选项 1. It was foolish of him to his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished. A. stick to B. refer to C. keep to D. point to 2. The sports meet will be next week because of the bad weather. A. put off B. put away C. put up D. put down 3. This book and tell me what you think of it. A. look through B. look on C. look into D. look up 4. After all the students had taken their seats, the teacher the examination paper. A. handed in B. handed on C. handed out D. handed over 5. I really don’t want to go to the party, but I don’t see how I can it. A. get back from B. get off C. get away D. get out of 6. Readers can quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through 7. I can hardly hear the radio. would you please ? A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off 8. It is wise to have some money for old age. A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up 9. We are all going to the games. why don’t you come ? A. up B. across C. along D. to ‎ 10. She his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up 11. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out 12. The internet has brought big changes in the way we work. A. about B. out C. back D. up 13. I don’t rock’n’roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste. A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for 14. It was not a serious illness, and she soon it. A. got over B. got on with C. got round D. got out of 15. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over 16. In some western countries, demand for graduates from mba courses has . A. turned down B. turned over C. fallen down D. fallen over 17. you can take anything from the shelf and read, but please the books when you’ve finished with them. A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off 18. We wanted ‎ to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite as planned. A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up 19. It is certain that he will his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over 20. He accidentally he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of week. A. let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out 【试题答案】 1—5 BAACB 11—15 DADAB ‎ 6—10 CCACA 16—20 CCBCA ‎ 高考重难点短语复习（三） 一. 教学内容： 中学阶段重难点短语复习（三） 二. 重难点短语与例句： 1. consult sb. on/ about sth. 向……征求……方面的意见, 就……向……请教 I consulted with a friend on a matter. 我和朋友商量一件事。 2. be content with(=be satisfied with) 满足于 be content to do sth. 愿意做某事 He is quite content with his present fortune. 他对自己目前的境遇颇为得意。 Not everyone will be content to betray friends for money. 3. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与……相反 My sister’s taste in dresses is contrary to my own. 在服装方面，我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。 4. on the contrary 相反 He is not poor, on the contrary, he is a millionaire. 他不穷, 相反, 他是个百万富翁。 5. in contrast to/with 和……形成对比 ‎ by contrast 对比之下 The black furnishings provide an interesting contrast to the white walls. 黑色家具和白色墙壁形 成很有意思的对比。 The coastal areas have mild winters, but by contrast the central plains become extremely cold. 沿 海地区的冬天天气暖和，可是相比之下中部平原却异常寒冷。 6. contribute to 有助于 A recent survey says smoking contributes to lung cancer. 7. under control (被)控制住 out of control 无法控制 The fire has been brought under control. 火势已受到控制。 The bus went out of control and ran into a shop front. 那公共汽车失去控制, 撞到了一家商店 的门脸。 8. at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点 be convenient to / for 对……方便 Please deliver the goods at your earliest convenience.请尽早送货。 It’s a great convenience to live in town. 住在城市里有很大的方便。 Will it be convenient for you to come in the morning? 你上午来方便吗？ 9. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人确信。 try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…… I try to convince him of the reality of the danger. 我试图使他相信危险的确存在。 Can you persuade her out of her foolish plans? 你能劝她放弃她那些愚蠢的计划吗？ 10. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付, 处理I’m afraid I can’t cope with this problem. 恐怕我应付不了这个问题。 11. at all costs 不惜任何代价. at the cost of 以……为代价 The bridge must be repaired within three days at all costs. 要不惜一切代价在三天内把桥修好。 12. be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的 The inquiry was critical of her work. 该项调查对她的工作提出了批评。 13. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病 That nasty shock cured him of his inquisitiveness for ever. 那一沉重教训根除了他凡事爱打听 的毛病。 14. a danger to 对……的危险; be in danger(of)处于……危险中; be out of danger 脱离危险 Violent criminals like that are a danger to society. 那种暴力罪犯对社会是一种危害。 The operation is a success and now the patient is out of danger. 手术成功了， 病人现在已脱离危 险。 15. out of date 过时的；up to date 新式的,时兴的; date back to 可追溯到; date from 从某时期开 始(有) My passport is out of date. 我的护照已经过期了。 All our information is up to date on the computer. 我们计算机上的信息都是最新的。 This castle dates back to Roman times. 这个城堡可追溯到罗马时代。 The history of public education in the United States dates from the society of the early pioneers.‎ ‎ 美国的公共教育史起源于早期拓荒者的社会。 16. on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中 on the increase 在增加 She is on the decline, and may die soon. 她的健康每况愈下，可能不久于人世。 The number of robberies in the area is on the decline. 这地区的劫案在减少。 The demand for primary products is on the increase in European market. 欧洲市场对初级产品的 ‎ 需求在增长。 17. to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴 to one’s regret 遗憾; sorrow 悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame 羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇 To our delight, Tom won the first prize in the speaking competition yesterday To our relief, our son has come back home safely at last. To his surprise, over 50 students donated about 100 yuan to children with disabilities. 18. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢, 取乐 take (a) delight in 喜欢干……, 以……为乐 He takes great delight in painting. 他爱好绘画。 19. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的) 东西 All wives demand love of their husband. Don’t demand so much from your parents. 20. in demand 有需求;on demand 受到要求时 Good secretaries are always in demand. 好的秘书总是很多人都需要的。 Payable immediately or on demand. 应付的可立即支付或应要求可支付的 21. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望 We’ve despair of him; he can’t keep a job for more than six months. 我们对他已经绝望了, 他 做什么工作都不能超过半年。 22. in despair 绝望 The poor woman was in despair. 那可怜的女人陷入了绝望。 A person is most disappointed when he is in despair. 一个人在绝望时最失望。 23. in detail 详细地 He describe the robbery in detail to us. 他向我们详细地描述了抢劫事件。 24. differ from…in 与……的区别在于…… Man differs from beasts in that the former is able to laugh, while the latter aren’t. 人不同于野 兽，因前者能笑，而后者却不能。 25. in difficulties…有困难,处境困难, They offered him the hand of fellowship when he was in difficulties. 当他身处困境时， 他们向他 伸出了友谊之手。 26. beyond dispute 不容争议的,无可争议 in dispute 在争议中 His honesty is beyond dispute. 他的诚实是无可争议的。 The exact cause of the accident is still in dispute. 事故的真正起因仍有争议。 27. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨别 distinguish…from 把……与……区别开 I do not see how you can distinguish between the two. 我不明白您怎么能区分这两者。 One material can be distinguished from another by their physical properties: color, density, specific, heat and so on. 一种材料与另一种材料的区别在于它们的物理性能：颜色、密度和 比热等等。 28. do away with(=get rid of) 除去,废除,取消; do away with (=kill) 杀掉, 镇压 I want them to do away with this feudal custom. 我希望他们废除这一封建陋俗。 Do I have to do away with my habit? 我是不是得改掉我的习惯？ 29. have…to do with 与……有关系 ‎ I thought John must have something to do with this matter. 30. without doubt (=undoubtedly)无可置疑地 in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)对……表示疑惑 He is without doubt the cleverest student I’ve ever taught. 他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明 的。 Always proofread completed letters very carefully. Consult dictionary when necessary or in doubt. 完成的书信一定要很小心地校对，有必要或怀疑时查典。 31. by ear (=play music from memory without having seen it printed) 凭记忆,不看乐谱 have an ear for (=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language)对……有鉴赏力 Alan has an ear for music. In my opinion, she will be a great musician one day. 32. on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然 Why on earth didn’t you tell me the truth?‎ ‎ 你到底为什么不跟我说实话？ 33. with ease ( = easily) 容易, 不费力 at (one’s) ease ( = without worry or nervousness) 自在,不拘束 put sb. at his / her ease (=free sb. from worry or nervousness)使某人感到无拘束 Their help enabled me to finish the work with ease. 他们帮助我，使我能够顺利地完成工作。 He felt at ease and confident about the future. 他对未来感到轻松自在并且充满信心。 34. have an effect on 对……有影响 be in effect (=be in operation) 有效 go into effect 生效. ( 近: come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect) in effect (=in fact, really) 实际上 give effect to (=carry out) 实行,使……生效 to the effect that 大意是……,主要内容是…… to that effect 是那个意思的…… Parents do have a great effect on their own children. Some ancient laws are still in effect. 有些古时的法律现在仍然有效。 The new ruling gives effect to the recommendations of the special committee. 这一新裁定使特 别委员会的推荐生效。 He said he was greatly worried, or words to that effect. 他说他非常担忧，或大致是这个意思。 【模拟试题】 1. We have to the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way. A. get away B. get across C. get through D. get in 2. Once a decision has been made, all of us should it. A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to 3. Before the war broke out, many people in safe places possessions they could not take with them. A. threw away B. put away C. gave away D. carried away 4. It’s ten years since the scientist on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical. A. made for B. took off C. set out D. turned up 5. To keep healthy, professor Johnson cycling as regular form of exercise after he retired. A. took up B. caught on C. carried on D. made for 6. Helen always helps her mother even though going to school most of her day.‎ ‎ A. saves up B. makes up C. takes up D. puts up 7. The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to our studies. A. get down to B. get out C. get back for D. get over 8. after a long way she was tired and her legs . A. gave in B. gave out C. gave up D. gave away 9. Failure is the mother of success. your courage. A. keep up B. keep off C. keep on D. keep away 10. The picture of the park memories of our class trip last year. A. took up B. came up C. turned up D. called up 11. If Mary carries on working like this, she’ll sooner or later. A. hold on B. give out C. get down D. break down 12. I’ll the matter as soon as possible. just have a little patience. A. look into B. look after C. look through D. look about 13. I can some noise while I’m studying, but I can’t stand loud noise. A. keep up with B. get along with C. catch up with D. put up with 14. My cousin doesn’t know what to at the university; he can’t make up his mind about his future. A. take on B. take away C. take up D. take after 15. People in the far-away mountain village cannot this program. A. take down B. pick up C. put away D. get along 16. Thank you, but I’ll have to your offer. A. turn away B. turn down C. turn back D. turn off 17. Restaurants in every corner of Chengdu not only provide job opportunities but lots of taxes as well. A. bring along B. bring about C. result in D. result from 18. The continuous rain the harvesting of the wheat by two weeks. A. set back B. set off C. set out D. set aside 19. It was a bad idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it as well as we had hoped. A. came off B. made out C. brought out D. went off 20. Under good treatment, Linda is beginning to and will soon recover. A. turn up B. pick out C. pick up D. show up 【试题答案】 1~5 DBBCA 6~10 CABAD 11~15 DADCB 1.mean doing ‎ sth. 意味着; mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事; mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 be meant for 打算作……用; 为…而有 2.take place 发生；举行 3.of all kinds 各种各样的 4.starve to death 饿死 be starved of 缺乏, starve for sth, starve to do,渴望 ‎ 16~20 BBADC ‎ 5.plenty of 大量; 充足 6.be satisfied with 感到满意 to one’s satisfaction 感到满意是 7.do harm to sb.=do sb. harm 伤害某人 8.in the shape of 呈…的形状，以…的形式 9.in memory of/ to the memory of sb.纪念某人 10.dress up 穿上最好的衣服;打扮,化装 11.award sth.(to sb.)和 award sb.sth.(for sth.) 给予、颁奖 reward sb. for sth. 因 …奖赏某人； reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人 12. admire sb. for sth 在某方面钦佩某人 13.look forward to 期望，期待，盼望 14,have fun with(与某人)玩得开心;过得快乐 ( have a good time, enjoy oneself.) 15. turn up.来；出现;把(收音机等)音量开大些 turn down 拒绝; turn off 关掉; turn on 打开; turn out 结果是…… turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 16．keep one’s word 守信用； break one’s word, 失信 17．It be obvious that-clause 显而易见；一目了然 18．set off 动身, 出发; 使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸; set in 开始; set up 建立，创立 ; set out to do = set about doing sth.着手做 set down 写下，记下 19．remind sb. of sth. 提醒，使想起 Unit 2 1.a healthy diet 健康饮食; a balanced diet 平衡的饮食 2.in different way 用另外方式 3.most often 最经常 4.feel frustrated 感到沮丧 5.by lunchtime 到午餐时间 6.must have happened 一定发生过 7.at the end of the street 在街道的尽头 8.be tired of 厌倦 9.be amazed at sth. 对……感到惊奇 10.throw away 扔掉 11.get away with 逃脱 12.tell lies 说谎 13.energy-giving food 提供热量的食物 body-building foods 提供营养的食物 ‎ 14feel fit 保持精力旺盛 15.the weakness of the diet 饮食的弱点 the strength of the diet 饮食的优点 16.do some research into 做一些……方面的研究 17.earn one’s living 谋生 18.be in debt 负债 19.glare at 怒视 20.move round 绕过 21.spy on 在暗中侦察；打探 22.upset sb.使……不安 23.look ill 感到不舒服 feel sick 感到恶心 24.heavy food 不易消化的食物 25.chat(ting) about 聊起关于…… 26.serve with 用……配 27.rather than 而不是 28.cut down 减少 29.before long 不久 Unit 3 1. know about 了解关于…事 2. make a bet 打赌 3. win or lose the bet 在打赌中赢或输 4. have bad luck 运气不好 5. step inside 走进里面 6. lead the way 带路 7. I wonder if 我想知道是否… 8. go right ahead 说下去 9. as a matter of fact 事实上 10. by accident 偶然 11. sail out of the bay 驶出海湾 12. stare at 盯着 13. towards nightfall 到夜幕降临时 14. carry … out to sea 把…带到了大海 15. give oneself up for lost 因为迷路而绝望 16. work as an unpaid hand 免费劳动 17. account for 导致 18. to be honest 坦白地说 19. your idea of some kind of joke 你认为的一种笑话 20. be on my way 上路 21. show sb. out 把某人带出去 22. be confident about 对… 自信 23. the cost of a journey 旅行费用 24. give sb. a ride 让某人搭车 25. lose one’s patience 失去耐心 ‎ 26. do fifty jumps without stopping 不间断地连续跳五十下 27. fall over 跌到 28. account for your behaviour 对你的行为做出解释 29. be jealous of the others’ success 嫉妒别人的成功 30. show a willingness to do sth. 表示乐意做谋事 31. stay out of jail 免坐牢 32. be reserved 被预定了 33. take the gentleman’s order 让那位绅士点菜 34. the look on the waiter’s face 服务员脸上的表情 35. take a chance 碰碰运气 36. read the bill 看帐单 37. in a rude manner 用粗鲁的方式 38. for a while 一会儿 Unit 4 1. think of…as 把……看作是 2．a cloud of energetic dust 具有能量的尘埃 3. combine into…合成…… 4. move around the sun 环绕太阳运转 5. become violent ‎ 变得激烈 6. the solid surface 固体表面 7. explode loudly 猛烈爆炸 8. in time及时，最终 9. produce the water vapor 产生水蒸汽 10. make the earth’s atmosphere 构成了地球的大气层 11.cool down 冷却 12. on the surface 在表面 13. be different from…与……不同 14.go round the sun 环绕太阳运转 15. disappear from…从……消失 16. stay on…存留在…… 17. show one’s quality 显现某人的特性, 18.dissolve harmful gases 分解，溶解有害气体, 19. become part of…变成……的一部分, 20. develop life 发展生命, 21.grow in the water 在水里生长, 22. encourage the development of…鼓励……的发展, 23 millions of years later 几万年以后, 24.live on land 在陆地上生活, 25. live in the sea 在海里生存, 26. grow into forests 长成森林, 27. produce young 生出幼仔, 28. lay eggs 下蛋, 29.animals with hands and feet 长着手脚的动物, 30.spread all over the earth 遍布全世界,‎ ‎ 31.develop new methods 发展了新的方法, 32.. move around 迁徙, 33. go by 过去，推移, 34.prevent…from…防止……做……, 35.escape from… into…从……逃离到……, 36.depend on….依靠，依赖，取决与……, 37. solve a problem 解决 38 be lucky enough 足够幸运, 39. make a trip 去旅行, 40. visit the moon 参观月球, 41. in the spaceship 在太空飞船中, 42. explain to… that…向……解释……, 43. on the journey 在旅程中, 44 be off 启程, 45 rise into the air 升人太空, 46. feel the pull of the earth 感觉到地球的拉力, 47call…gravity 称……为地球引力, 48. push…into the seat 把……推向座位, 49. say…to each other 向彼此说……, 50.fall back to…朝……落下去, 51.fall from a tree 从树上掉下来, 52. fall to the ground 朝地上落下去, 53. get close to…接近……, 54 cheer up 高兴起来, 55 float weightlessly around 失重飘来飘去, 56 in the spaceship cabin 太空船舱, 57. watch…do 看着……做, 58. move freely 自由的活动, 59. climb down the steps 从梯级上爬下来, 60. step forward 向前迈步, 61.fall over 摔倒, 62. need practice 需要练习 63..get the hang of…掌握了……的诀窍, 64. enjoy oneself 感到自如, 65. leave the moon’ s gravity 摆脱月球引力 66. come back to…回到…… Unit 5 1. frost on the ground 地上覆盖了一层薄霜 2. around noon 中午时分, 3. the most wealthy and biggest city in Canada 加拿大最大最富有的城市 4. leave for…离开去…… 5. go on a tour of the city 继续在市内游览一番 6. go up the tower 登上塔顶 ‎ 7. look across the lake 俯瞰湖面 8. flow into…流人…… 9. flow over…流经…… 10. on one’s way to…在去……的路上 11. a covered stadium 加顶的运动场 12. walk north 向北走 13. phone… from a telephone booth 到电话亭给……打电话 14. have dinner in downtown Chinatown 在市内的中国城吃晚饭 15. move to…移居到…… 16. meet… at…在……迎接…… 17. get good Cantonese food 吃到好吃的广东菜 18. come from South China 来自中国南方 19. go as far as Ottawa 去到远至渥太华 20. about four hundred kilometers northeast of Toronto 距多伦多东北大约有 400 公里 21. take too long 花费的时间长 22. at dawn 黎明 23. at the train station 在火车站 24. have English words in small letters 有小字体的英文标注 25. go downtown 到市区去 26. be close to…,接近…… 27. spend the afternoon in the lovely shops 整个下午在可爱的商店 28. visit… in…在……拜访…… 29. sit in a café坐在咖啡馆 30. look over…眺望…… 31. sit down with…和……坐在一起 32. on a train trip across…坐着火车上横穿…… 33. have a French culture 具有法国文化 34. speed along the river toward…沿着河流驶向…… 35. dream of…梦想…… 36. on a trip 在旅途中) 37. on the Atlantic coast 在大西洋海岸 38. take the aeroplane 乘飞机 39. fly from… to…从……飞行到…… 40. take the train from… to…乘火车从……到…… 41. from west to east 从西到东 42. across Canada 横穿加拿大 ‎ 43. cross the whole country 横贯整个国家 44. at the airport 在机场 45. take…to…把……带到…… 46. catch the train 乘坐火车 47. on the way to…在去……的路上 48. see great scenery 看美丽壮观的风景 49. on the trip 在旅途中 50. go eastward 向东行驶 ‎ 51. pass cities 经过城市 52. in less than five days 在不五天的时间里 53. from coast to coast 从一个海岸到另一个海岸 54. in the warmest part of…在最热的地方 55. be surrounded by…被……所包围 56. on the north 在北边 57. ski in the mountains 在山上滑雪 58. sail in the harbour 在港湾了扬帆行船 59. north of………的北边 60. settle down in the seat 落座, 61. look out of the window at the wild scenery 从窗口看到了自然风光 62. a mountain goat 野山羊 63. a grizzly bear 大灰熊 64. a famous Western festival 有名的西方节日 65. come from all over…全来自…… 66. compete in ~ing 比赛做…… 67. ride wild horses 驾驭野马 68. have a gift for ~ing 有天资/天分做…… 69. work with…与……共处, win…prizes 赢得……奖金, 70. live within 320 kilometres of the USA border 居住在靠近美国 320 公里以内的边境地带 71. go through…穿过…… 72. a wheat-growing province 种植小麦的省份 73. thousands of square kilometers in size 面积有数千平方米 74. at the top end of…在……的最上首 75. a busy port 繁忙的港口 76. rush through over…穿行过…‎ ‎1‎