高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训43 9页

‎2014高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训 The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.‎ For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.‎ However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.‎ Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.‎ A phosphate mine was not a hole in the ground；it was a strip mine.When a company stripmined，it removed the top layer of soil.Then it took away the material it wanted.Strip mining totally destroyed the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.‎ In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.‎ Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.‎ ‎1．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.‎ B．To give a warning to other countries.‎ C．To show the importance of money.‎ D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.‎ ‎2．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?‎ A．Rich and powerful.‎ B．Modern and open.‎ C．Peaceful and attractive.‎ D．Greedy and aggressive.‎ ‎3．The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from________．‎ A．soil pollution B．phosphate overmining C．farming activity D．whale hunting ‎4．Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem?‎ A．Its leaders misused the money.‎ B．It spent too much repairing the island.‎ C．Its phosphate mining cost much money.‎ D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.‎ ‎5．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?‎ A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.‎ B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.‎ C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.‎ D．The phosphate mines were destroyed.‎ ‎(一)‎ ‎【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。‎ ‎1．B　 写作意图题。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn ‎ from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B项。‎ ‎2. C　细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛是attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C项。‎ ‎3．B　 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以得知“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B项。‎ ‎4．A　 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A项。‎ ‎5．A　 推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是说，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A项。‎ 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） ‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A ‎ Arthur Miller (1915-2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller’s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary．Drawn like so many other by the “Great American Dream” However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s.‎ ‎ Milles's most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system. With its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, ‎ we see a man who has got into double with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.‎ ‎ When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics` Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.‎ ‎ Miller died of the failure at his home in Roxbury‎, ‎Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.‎ ‎( ) 1. Why did Arthur Miller’s father move to the USA?‎ A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.‎ B. He was attracted by the "Great American Dream.‎ C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.‎ D. His family business failed.‎ ‎( ) 2. The play Death of a Salesman A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D. focuses on the skills in doing business ‎( ) 3. What can we learn about Willy Loman?‎ A. He treats his employer badly.‎ B. He runs the Wagner Company.‎ C. He is a victim of the American system.‎ D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.‎ ‎( ) 4. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman A. achieved huge success B. won the first Tony Award C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen D. was severely attacked by dramatists ‎( ) 5. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. Arthur Miller and his family.‎ B. The awards Arthur Miller won.‎ C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.‎ D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了剧作家Arthur Miller和他最有名的作品Death of a Salesman《推销员之死》。‎ ‎1.答案B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的Miller`s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary．Drawn like so many other by the“Great American Dream”可以得出答案。‎ ‎5.答案D。主旨大意题。文章介绍了剧作家Arthur Miller和他最有名的作品Death of a Salesman《推销员之死》。‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The ‎Hearst‎ ‎Castle ‎ Hearst Castle is a palatial park on the central California coast and a National Historic Landmark．It was designed by architect Julia Morgan for William Randolph Hearst from 1919 until 1947．In 1957 , the Hearst Corporation donated the fortune ‎ to the state of California．Since that time it has been maintained as a state historic park where the estate and its considerable collection of art and antiques are open for public tours．Despite its location far from any urban center, the site attracts roughly one million visitors per year．‎ Guided ‎Tours ‎ There are several tours which highlight various parts of the castle and gardens．‎ ‎●Tour One is recommended for first time visitor．It now includes the movie, Hearst Castle Building the Dream．‎ ‎●Tour Two gives visitors a closer look at the main house's upper floors, Mr．Hearst's private suite, the libraries, and the kitchen．‎ ‎●Tour Three looks at the Castle's North Wing, guest rooms and guest house Casa Del Monte．‎ ‎●Tour Four features the impressive gardens and grounds, the largest guesthouse, the wine basement, and the Hidden Terrace．‎ ‎●The evening tour is a special tour that allows visitors to experience the Castle at night as one of the Hearst's own visitors might have．‎ Ticket Prices ‎ Hearst Castle accepts VISA, MasterCard, American Express and Discover．Free day use parking is available for automobiles, motorcycles, tour buses and recreational vehicles．‎ TOURS ADULT Ages 6 – 17‎ Experience Tour ‎$24‎ ‎$12‎ Tours‎ 2, 3 or 4‎ ‎$ 24‎ ‎$ 12‎ Evening tour ‎$30‎ ‎$15‎ ‎ * Children under 6 are free when accompanied by a paying adult．‎ Reservation Information ‎ While tickets may be purchased at the Visitor Center upon arrival, tour reservations are strongly recommended and may be reserved online now or by calling 1 - 800 - 444 - 4445, see below for times．‎ Reservation‎ Call ‎Center‎ Hours Dates Monday-Friday Saturday-Sunday March-September ‎8AM to 6PM ‎8AM to 6PM October-February ‎9AM to 5PM ‎9AM to 3PM ‎ Visit www．hearstcastle．org for more information．‎ ‎51．If you are quite interested in wine, which tour will you choose?‎ ‎ A．Tour One． B．Tour Two． ‎ ‎ C．Tour Three． D．Tour Four．‎ ‎52．If a young couple take Tour One with their 5-year-old son, how much will they pay for the tickets?‎ ‎ A．36． B．60． C．48． D．75．‎ ‎53．Which of the following is the available (有效的，可获得的)time to book tickets by phone?‎ ‎ A．At 8 AM on Monday in February． B．At 9 AM on Sunday in March．‎ ‎ C．At 7 PM on Friday in September． D．At 6 PM on Saturday in October．‎ ‎[文化教育型阅读理解(二)]----- (三)‎ Recently, a student used his Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) to film a female teacher scolding and tearing the work of a classmate. The public discussion that the incident caused started on the Internet. However, when it came to the media's attention, it quickly became a major topic in the education circles. The reactions so far suggest that the focus of the debate has been on one question: whom to blame?‎ Teachers who are anxious to defend their professional dignity have tried to put the blame on the students. They mentioned their right to privacy(隐私)and for this reason they requested the Ministry of Education (MOE) to prohibit PDAs in schools.‎ ‎ On the other hand, some parents and students have taken a different position. They feel that the teacher is also at fault. Caught up in the war of words between both sides, people are no longer interested in the “truth” of the matter which seems now unimportant. It was left to newspapers to discover the central point of the controversial issue, by stressing the problems that are not always easily noticed in our educational system.‎ For those responsible for educating the young, this PDA incident conveys the message that “times have changed”，a reality that must have been felt even more strongly by the female teacher when reflecting on this unpleasant experience. Different times call for different professional approaches in education. The ability to understand the students they are teaching has always been the quality of successful teachers. Despite some factors, the incident shows that the teacher lacks good qualities on her part. Besides, the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved. Also, it is an example which shows the issue we are familiar with: what to do with new technology? With PDAs, the new technology, the interaction (交流)between the teachers and students in classroom has been changed.‎ ‎1．The author's purpose in writing this passage is to________.‎ A．improve the teacher's way of teaching B．stress the using of PDAs in the classroom C．change the students' behaviour in the classroom D．discuss the potential problems of educational system ‎2．The underlined word “recalcitrant” in Paragraph 3 probably means“________”．‎ A．difficult to control B．interested in nothing ‎ C．unwilling to learn D．ready to obey rules ‎3．The writer's attitude towards the PDA incident is________.‎ A．optimistic ‎ B．critical C．uncertain ‎ D．approvable ‎4．What might be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Whom to blame?‎ B．The PDA incident C．Times have changed D．What to do with new technology? ‎ ‎ (三)‎ ‎【要点综述】本文就一段由学生用PDA录制的视频展开讨论。在科技迅速发展的今天，应该责备学生侵犯了老师的个人隐私，还是整个教育系统的教育模式应该做出适应科技发展的改革？‎ ‎1．D　作者意图题。根据文章可知作者意在讨论教育体系的潜在问题。故选D项。 ‎ ‎2．A　词义猜测题。由第三段中“Besides，the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved.”的关键词rules 和to deal with 可知，规则要针对的必然是难管理的学生。故选A项。‎ ‎3．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite some factors，the incident shows that the teacher lacks good qualities on her part.Besides，the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved.”可以判断出，作者对整个事件持批判态度。故选B项。‎ ‎4．A　主旨大意题。文章以PDA事件为引子，探讨现行教育存在的问题，及谁该对此问题负责。故选A项。‎