2017高考英语一轮复习周末培优第09周名词性从句含解析新人教版 11页

名词性从句 ‎（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）‎ 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 座号：____________ 得分：____________‎ I. 用适当的连接词填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)‎ ‎1. (2017·新课标卷I)________I’m hoping to accomplish is _______my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand _________ jazz is not black and write anymore. ‎ ‎2. (2017·新课标卷II)________the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.‎ ‎3. (2017·新课标卷III) The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide _________ to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.‎ ‎4.When you are reading，make a note of ________ you think is of great importance.‎ ‎5. ________ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it.‎ ‎6. We must find out ________ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.‎ ‎7.The question ________ it is right or wrong depends on the result.‎ ‎8.As the spokeswoman said，________ we should take action against them depends on what they will do.‎ ‎9.—Something should be done to improve the worsening air quality.‎ ‎—Yes.________ pollutes the air shall pay a high price.‎ ‎10.The news ________ we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎1.What；that; that　 2.What　 3.whether　 4.what　 5.Where ‎ ‎6.when　 7.whether　 8.whether　 9.Whoever 10.that Ⅱ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1.—Is it true that Aaron refused an offer from Cambridge University yesterday?‎ ‎—Yeah, but I have no idea _________ he did it; that’s one of his favourite universities.‎ A. when B. why C. that D. how ‎【答案】B ‎2. _________ surprised all of us most was that our teacher didn’t answer the questions about love.‎ A. That B. What ‎ C. How D. Whether ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查主语从句。句意：使我们所有人大感惊奇的是，我们的老师没有回答有关爱的问题。所填词引导主语从句且在从句中充当主语。‎ ‎3.As a matter of fact, _________ tries again makes no difference.‎ A.no matter which B.no matter who ‎ C. whoever D. whichever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：事实上，谁再尝试都不起作用。分析句子结构可知，本题考查主语从句，而且从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知，主语指的是人。故应选C。‎ ‎4.We should be able to read_________ we can, just as we should be able to eat_________ we want.‎ A. whatever; whatever B. whichever; whatever C. whatever; whenever D. whatever; whichever ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我们应该有能力读无论什么我们能读的东西，就像我们可以吃所有想吃的东西一样。第一空后的从句中can后省略了read，补充完整后可发现read缺少宾语，所以要用代词。第二空引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语。从句意看，两个空都没有表示限定于某个范围的意思，故都用whatever。‎ ‎5.Some people believe_________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.‎ A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. however ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：一些人相信以前已经发生的或者正在发生的任何事情将来都会再次发生。‎ 分析句子结构可知，believe后为宾语从句，在宾语从句中，＂________ has happened before or is happening now＂作主语，是主语从句，所填内容在主语从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词whatever，故选A项。‎ ‎6.Medical experts suspect_________ there is a strong link between_________ a person eats and cancer.‎ A. that; that B.不填; that ‎ C. what; 不填 D. that; what ‎【答案】D ‎7.The earth’s temperature keeps on going up over the years and this is _________ we call global warming.‎ A. where B. that ‎ C. what D. which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查表语从句。句意：地球的温度这几年一直在上升，这种现象我们称之为＂全球变暖＂。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个表语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语。‎ ‎8.The policy of the mainland is very clear and straight forward, and the key problem is _________ the leaders of Taiwan will accept it.‎ A. that B. how ‎ C. why D. whether ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查表语从句。句意：大陆的政策是非常清晰和直接的，关键的问题是台湾的领导人是否会接受它。此处表示＂是否＂，用whether引导表语从句。‎ ‎9. _________ difficult the task may be, we must finish it on time, because there is a possibility _________ we’ll be fired if we can’t.‎ A. Whatever; that B. However; that ‎ C. Whatever; which D. However; as ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查混合复合句。句意：无论那项任务可能有多难，我们必须按时完成它，因为如果我们不能按时完成它，我们就有被解雇的可能。分析句子结构可知，第一空考查的是让步状语从句，又结合句意可知，用However引导；第二空考查的是同位语从句，用that引导。故B项正确。‎ ‎10.His suggestion_________ we should pay attention to what the teacher said in class and take notes when necessary is very helpful to me.‎ A. which B. that ‎ C. what D. why ‎【答案】B III.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ China’s famed ＂bike wars＂ may soon be fought on foreign shores, as Bluegogo and Mobike compete with fellow stand-free cycle hire company ofo in the British market.‎ Cycle hire startups, so-called bike Ubers, are big business in China. Around 30 companies control tens of thousands of bikes in at least 35 Chinese cities. The two largest, ofo and Mobike, recently secured $450 million and $300 million in funding, respectively.‎ Already locked in a battle for market share across China, the startups now have London in their sights. Elsewhere in the UK this month, Beijing Bikelock Technology’s bike hire business ofo is launching a pilot bike-hiring scheme in Cambridge. Mobike is reportedly interested in launching similar projects in Birmingham and Manchester.‎ The Sunday Times recently reported Bluegogo and Mobike were looking at London.‎ Both London and Birmingham already have bike-hire schemes. The Chinese services differ in doing away with docking stations. Users of the bikes offered by the Chinese companies are free to pick up a cycle wherever they find one and leave it wherever they want, using a smartphone app and a code to deactivate and activate(激活) a built-in lock.‎ The capital’s transport authority, Transport for London, has expressed interest in the new technology.‎ TfL’s head of strategy and outcome planning, Lilli Matson, said: ＂We are always keen to ‎ talk to companies to explore advancements in technology and discuss new ideas, and have spoken with a number of companies, to understand their plans.＂‎ A spokesperson for ofo said: ＂We have had brief discussions with TfL about how our scheme works in China and other markets and they are interested in hearing how our trial works in Cambridge. Our primary focus is ensuring the Cambridge trial is a success. We will potentially look to enter other areas later.＂‎ ‎1.Where will ofo launch their pilot bike-hiring plan in the UK?‎ A. Birmingham B. Manchester ‎ C. Cambridge D. London ‎2.When you want to hire a bike, what should you have in advance?‎ A. An app B.A smartphone ‎ C.A code D.A cycle ‎3.From the fourth paragraph, we know that__________.‎ A. Bluegogo and Mobike were going to visit London B. Bluegogo and Mobike were planning to expand the market in London C. Bluegogo and Mobike were looking forward to London D. Bluegogo and Mobike were launching business in London ‎4.Which may be the best title of the passage?‎ A. Chinese ＂bike wars＂ to break out in UK B. Chinese bike business in UK C. Chinese ＂bike war＂ to fight against UK D. Chinese bike Ubers in UK ‎【文章大意】本文主要报道了中国几家共享单车的公司计划在英国推出他们的产品，竞争海外市场。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】推理判断题。结合文章第四段内容可知，Bluegogo和Mobike计划拓展伦敦市场，故选B项。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】标题归纳题。文章主要报道了中国几家共享单车的公司计划在英国推出他们的产品，竞争海外市场，故选A项。‎ IV. 完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ When our restaurant business failed, we headed north in a camping truck to Texas, hoping to have a ＂fresh start＂.‎ At the 　1　of Palo Duro Canyon(峡谷) State Park, I 　2　a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a 　3　, permanent campsite in the park and 　4　, the hosts served as a link between the park's guests and the rangers(护林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an 　5　for the following day.‎ The park was 　6　, so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening, as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks(臭鼬) walking toward our table. We 　7　climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to 　8　our camp.‎ Having survived that night, we were 　9　that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park. They explained our 　10　and gave us a beautiful campsite.‎ That evening, 　11　, we learned about the canyon 　12　. They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently, and we lay 　13　in the dark until the winds died away.‎ ‎　14　the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and 　15　the little money my wife 　16　by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful 　17　. For a time after our business 　18　I thought I might lose my family as well.‎ Living in the tiny 　19　with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky, I found myself 　20　for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!‎ ‎1.A.back B. edge C. centre D. entrance ‎2.A.sponsored B. published C. noticed D. answered ‎3.A.safe B. free C. convenient D. beautiful ‎4.A.in return B.in time C.in short D.in turn ‎5.A.attempt B. agreement C. appeal D. appointment ‎6.A.crowded B. dangerous C. ideal D. quiet ‎7.A.repeatedly B. immediately C. eventually D. calmly ‎8.A.attack B. leave C. pass D. search ‎9.A.satisfied B. determined C. confident D. aware ‎10.A.responsibilities B. requirements C. circumstances D. conditions ‎11.A.moreover B. therefore C. meanwhile D. however ‎12.A.winds B. snows C. woods D. trails ‎13.A.shaking B. quarrelling C. mourning D. aching ‎14.A.After B. Between C. During D. Beyond ‎15.A.give away B. hand out C. live on D. put aside ‎16.A.borrowed B. earned C. posted D. raised ‎17.A.business B. career C. family D. image ‎18.A.started B. failed C. expanded D. declined ‎19.A.truck B. park C. house D. camp ‎20.A.desperate B. ready C. suitable D. thankful ‎【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者的餐馆倒闭了，于是一家人坐着卡车去寻找新的出路，他们在一个国家公园谋得一份差事，日子虽然很苦，但这却增加了家庭的凝聚力。‎ ‎5.D 根据第四段最后两句可知，作者与雇主约定(made an appointment)第二天去应聘。‎ ‎6.A 根据空后的＂so it took us some time to find an available site＂可知，公园里人很多，因此选A表示＂拥挤的＂。‎ ‎7.B 作者一家刚吃完晚饭，作者的妻子就看到两只大臭鼬朝他们的饭桌走来，他们就马上爬到桌子上。因此选B表示＂立即，马上＂。‎ ‎8.B 结合语境可知，作者一家爬到桌子上是为了等这两只大臭鼬离开。‎ ‎9.C 那天晚上一切安然无事，于是作者一家相信其他方面也没问题，因此选C表示＂自信的＂。‎ ‎10.A 这里说的是雇主告诉作者一家要做的事，因此选A表示＂职责，责任＂。‎ ‎11.D 语境表明此处表示转折，上文说作者一家在公园的第一夜和第二天找工作都很顺利，下文说到这里恶劣的环境，因此选D表示转折关系。‎ ‎12.A 根据下文中的＂They were strong...the winds died away＂可知选A，表示峡谷里的狂风。‎ ‎13.A 根据语境判断选A，用shaking表示＂摇动，(使)颤动＂。作者一家人在车上躺着，人随着卡车在晃动。‎ ‎14.C 这里表示在那次狂风之后的几个星期。During表示＂在……期间＂。‎ ‎15.C 作者一家人学会了在卡车上求生存，并且学会了就靠他妻子代课赚的一点儿钱过日子。live on表示＂靠(……钱)生活＂。‎ V.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The truth___1___trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food，wood and most ___2___(important)，oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.‎ The discovery__3__(make) by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students__4__were seeking a natural water filter—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have__5__(accessible) to modern water filter systems.‎ The__6__(research)，led by Professor Rohit Karnik，decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through，while blocking out air bubbles.‎ They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The people related then tested the wood's filtering ability by pouring water__7__(contain) red dye particles of different sizes through.__8__their amazement, they found that it was effective in trapping all the particles.__9__(encourage), the team conducted__10__experiment，this time with water that contained bacteria. Sure enough，the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria，allowing only 1% to flow through.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎1.that　‎ ‎【解析】考查同位语从句。＂__1__trees are vital to our life＂作The truth的同位语，所填词在同位语从句不作句子成分，故用that。‎ ‎2.importantly　‎ ‎【解析】考查副词。most importantly(最重要的是)置于句首，修饰后面的整个句子，相当于It is the most important that...‎ ‎3.was made　‎ ‎【解析】考查时态和语态。本句在讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时；主语the discovery与make为被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎4.who/that　‎ ‎【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为high school students，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The high school students were seeking a natural water filter.由此可知关系词在定语从句中作主语且指＂人＂，故用who/that引导。‎ ‎5.access　‎ ‎【解析】考查动词短语。have access to＂接近，可以利用＂。‎ ‎9.Encouraged　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。encourage与主语the team之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。‎ ‎10.another　‎ ‎【解析】考查限定词。上文已说到他们做了一个实验，此处表示受到第一个实验结果的鼓舞，他们又做了一个实验。another＂另一，再一＂。‎ VI.短文改错 (每小题1分，共10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I always dream life in the future. What will it be like?‎ Perhaps some people will go to the moon for the holiday, and some people may live under the sea and in pace. Besides, probably there’ll be more educational program on the Internet. And therefore, students will be able to study at home instead of go to school every day. What’s more, maybe in the future each family will have a robot, that will be able to do whatever it was told to, such as going to shopping, doing housework and so on.‎ With the breakthrough of technology, I believe that their life will certainly become easier, happy and more colorful.‎ ‎【解析】‎ I always dream   life in the future. What will it be like?‎ Perhaps some people will go to the moon for  holiday, and some people may live under the sea   in space. Besides, probably there’ll be more educational  on the Internet. And therefore, students will be able to study at home instead of  to school ‎ every day. What’s more, maybe in the future each family will have a robot,   will be able to do whatever it told to, such as going shopping, doing housework and so on.‎ With the breakthrough of technology, I believe that life will certainly become easier,   and more colorful.‎ 第五处：go改为going。考查非谓语动词。介词短语instead of后应加动词的-ing形式，故将go改为going。‎ 第六处：that改为which。考查定语从句。关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故将that改为which。‎ 第十处：happy改为happier。考查比较级。happy与easier、more colorful并列，都应用比较级形式，故将happy改为happier。‎ ‎ ‎