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Module 2A Job worth doing
Explanations for new words and phrases
1、intellectual： adj. 脑力/智力的; (善于)思维的,需用才智的；理智的。
intellectual education/physical education/moral education智育 / 体育 / 德育
Maths is an intellectual exercise.数学是一种智力训练。She is an intellectual woman.有才华的女人。
intelligence/in′telidʒəns/ ： n. 智力/慧；理解力。 IQ=intelligence quotient智商
The children were given an intelligence test.儿童们接受了智力测验。
2、satisfying： adj.令人满意的。 =satisfactory adj.令人满意的,符合要求的。
I think it's very satisfying to do voluntary work in this village.在这村做志愿工作是非常令人满意的。
94% of the surveyed believed they could achieve a balance between a satisfying professional career and a pleasant personal life. 94%的受访者认为,他们可在满意的职业和快乐的个人生活间取得平衡。
satisfied： adj.(感到)满意/足的。 be satisfiedto do对做...感到满意。
be satisfied with /that...感到满意。= be content with… = be pleased with…= be happy about…
Satisfied with what I said, my mother agreed that I could go swimming with my classmates.
妈妈对我说的话很满意，同意我与同学一起去游泳。
From his satisfied look I know he is satisfied to work here.从满意的神情可看出,很满意在这工作。
satisfy： vt.使满意；满足。satisfy one’s need/demands满足需求。satisfy the conditions符合条件。
satisfy one’s hunger/thirst满足欲望。 satisfy one’s curiosity满足好奇心。
Her father tried his best to satisfy her demands.她的父亲想尽一切办法来满足她的要求。
satisfaction：n.满意，满足，实现。 to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是...。
with satisfation 满意/满足地。常做状语。 express one’s satisfacttion with…. 对..表示满意。
Your success at school has been a satisfaction to your parents.
Much to my satisfaction, my boss agreed to my suggestion.使我满意的是老板同意了我的建议。
I noticed with great satisfaction that you made great progress.我很满意地看到你取得了很大的进步。
3、stressful： adj. 充满压力的，紧张的。
Teaching can be a tiring and stressful job. 教育可能是一项既累人又有压力的工作。
stress： n. C/U压力/紧张/压迫。 under stress 在压力之下。
In times of stress, we hope to get help from our friends.有压力的时候希望得到朋友的帮助。
The stresses and strains of work made him ill. 工作的压力与紧张使他生病了。
She has been under a lot of stress lately.最近她压力重重。
强调/重视(on)。 lay /place/put stress on sth.强调...。 My parents lay great stress on honesty.
Father always put a lot of stress on good table manners.
重音。 The stress is on the first syllable.
vt.强调说,着重。 stress sth./thatThe speaker stressed the need for better education.
He stressed that they must arrive on time.
4、accountant： n. 会计人员，会计师。
account： n. 计算, 帐目/户, 描述/说明, 理由。 vt. 解释/说明, 认为。
on account/ on credit：先/暂付，以赊购/分期付款的方式。
on account of = because of/for the sake of / thanks to/ due to/ owing to/as a result of： 由于/因为。
on no account=in no time;by no means：决不 /绝对不 /在任何条件下都不。
take into account=take into consideration; allow for：考虑；顾及。
account for：vt.说明理由/解释...的原因。He could not account for his absence from school.说不出缺课原因。
Too much rain accounted for the poor crop. 太多的雨水导致庄稼歉收。
5、electrician： n. 电工；电器专家。 electricity： n. 电（流）。
electric： adj. 电的，电动的，带电的, 有电的。 electric current/cable电流/缆
electrical： adj. 用电的；与电有关的，电学的。electrical engineering/apparatus 电机工程/电器
6、miner：n.矿工。 mine：n/v.矿，矿井。开采。 mineral：矿物/矿石/矿物质。 mineral water矿泉水
7、volunteer：n. 志愿者。 同练P37-9
We want some volunteers to help paint the house.我们想要几个自愿帮助漆房屋的人。
vt./ vi.（常与to连用）自愿去做/自愿提供，主动请求去做。
We all volunteered to paint the house.我们都自愿漆这房子。
voluntary：adj.志/自愿的；义务/无偿的。He made a voluntary statement to the police.自动向...供出一切。
8、offer： vt. 同练P29-1
1) 主动提供/主动提出。offer sb. sth. =offer sth to sboffer to do sth.
The young man offered an old man his own seat in the bus.年轻人在车上将自己座让给了老人。
Johnson offered a new suggestion. 约翰逊提出了一个新建议。
The president offered no comment on the question. 总统对这个问题未作评论。
He offered to drive us to the station.他主动提出要送我们去车站。
2) 出售，出价。offer (sb.) sth. for (money) 以多少钱出售某物
offer sb (money) for sth / to buy sth出价多少购买某物
He offered this bike for 600 yuan. 这辆自行车他要价600元。
We offered him the house for 35000 dollars. 35000美元我们将房子卖给了他。
We offered him 10,000 yuan for his house. 我们愿出一万元钱来购买他的房子。
同义短语：charge sb money for sth.以多少钱出售某物(报价)pay sb. money for sth.出价多少购买某物
n. 1) 提供/供应；提议。 accept /refuse an offer接受 / 拒绝提议
Thank you for your kind offer of helping me / to help me. 谢谢你提供的帮助。
2) 报价/出价。make an offer 出价，发价，发/询盘
I've had an offer of $8888 for that house.有人向我出价8888 美元买那房子。
They made me an offer of ten thousand yuan for my motorbike.他们愿出一万元买我的摩托车。
= They offered me ten thousand yuan for my motorbike.
=They offered to buy my motorbike for ten thousand yuan.
9、signal： n. 信/讯号，暗号；交通指示灯(通常指现代的电子信号)。 同练P31-2
sent signal to sb.向某人发送信号。
辨析：signal： 只为某一目的而有意发出的信号。
symbol：“象征，标志”。指做象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。
sign：“标记/符号/招牌；手势/信号；征兆”。指人们公认事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。
mark： “痕迹，记号，标志”。指便于辨认而有意做的标记，或自然形成的标记，或有别于它的特征。
A red flag is often used as a danger signal.红旗常表示危险的信号。
The dove is a symbol of peace.鸽子是和平的象征。
You can see many “No Smoking” signs in public places.不准吸烟标志。
You can leave a mark where you have any questions.有问题的地方作个符号。
10、in particular：尤其，特别。= particularly同练P32-3
She stressed that point in particular. 她特别强调了那一点。
The whole meal was good but the wine was in particular excellent.整顿饭都很好,尤其葡萄酒更好。
particular： adj. 1) 特定的, 某一的。 This is his particular problems. 这是他个人的问题。
2) 特殊的, 特别的, 非一般的。 This is a matter of particular importance. 这个问题非同小可。
The teacher showed particular concern for the disabled child. 老师特别关心那个残疾儿童。
3) (过于)讲究的;苛求的,挑剔的。 be particular about/over sth讲究/挑剔
She is particular about what she eats. 她过分讲究吃。
辨析：in particular和particularly两者都表示“尤其；特别”。
但in particular位于名词后，在句中作状语，修饰整个句子；
particularly是副词，位于系动词后，所修饰的形容词前。
11、sheer： adj./adv. 垂直的/地；陡峭的/地。 = steep / sharp / vertical
The waterfall makes a sheer drop of one thousand feet.瀑布从一千英尺的高处直泻而下。
The mountain was too sheer to climb.这山太陡峭了, 无法攀登。
The mountain rises sheer from the plain.这座山几乎是从草原上拔地而起。
vertical： adj.垂直的, 竖的。 He climbed the vertical cliff.他攀登陡峭的悬崖。
The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。
12、on average：平均为。 =on the average/on an average同练P32-4
How many classes do you haveon average every day?平均每天多少堂课？
拓展： above/below the average：在一般水平以上/下；中上/下；在平均数以上/下。
an average of...平均…。 the average of: …的平均数量。 the ~age/temperature平均年龄／温度。
The temperature has been above the average recently.近来气温一直高于平均温度。
An average of three students are absent every day.平均每天有三个学生旷课。
13、in theory：理论上/按理说（作状语）。 名词前不使用冠词。同练P33-5但事实上并非如此。
In theory,everyone is equal according to law; but it’s not in practice.理论上，法律面前人人平等，
In theory,these machines should last for ten years or more.理论上, 这些机器应能用十年甚至更长。
14、in practice：在实践中, 实际上。 Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。同练P34-6-1
out of practice生疏的, 荒废的。 put in/into practice实行, 实施。 她们的男同事低得多。
In practice women receive much lower wages than their male colleagues.实际上妇女所得的工资比
He has long been out of practice on the piano.他已经很久没有练习弹钢琴了。贸易政策。
It is said that a new policy is being put into practice in your foreign trade.据说正实施一种新的对外
短语：in trouble处于麻烦中 in common共有 in danger在危险中,有...的危险 in advance提前,事/预先
in harmony (with)：和睦/谐，融洽/一致 in general：一般而言，大体上，总的来说
15、respect： vt.遵守(交通规则) /不违反/不损害；尊重/尊敬/敬佩。 同练P34-6-2
respect the speed limit/the school rules.遵守限速规定respect ideas of others尊重别人的意见
We must respect the laws of a country we are in.遵守所在国法律。I respect his courage.敬佩勇气
I respect you for your honesty.由于你为人正直，我对你十分敬重。怎能受到别人尊敬呢？
respect oneself自重。If you don’t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you?不自重，又
n. 尊重/敬重。(pl).敬意；问候。 Give my respects to your wife.
send/give one’s respects to 向…致敬show/have respect for 尊敬；尊重...
win/gain /earn the respect of sb. 赢得...的尊重with respect 尊重地out of respect 出于尊重
Children should show respect for their teachers.学生要尊敬老师。
The new teacher soon won the respect of his students.这位新老师很快就赢得了学生们的尊重。
Old people deserve to be treated with respect.老年人理应得到尊重。
Out of respect, he took off his hat.他脱帽以示敬意。
n. 方面。 in all respects 无论从哪方面来看。in respect of 关于；就…方面来说。
I think you are wrong in every respect.我觉得你各方面都错了。
相关词组：without respect to 不管/顾/不考虑。 with respect to 谈到。 respectful 恭敬的。
respected 受人尊敬的。 respectable可敬的，体面的。
16、bend：v. 弯曲，使弯曲；弯腰/屈身。 (引申: 动摇,改变注意)
The stream bends to the west.这条小河折向西流。The branch bent but did not break.弯曲但没折
It is possible to bend nature to human will? 有可能让大自然服从人类的意志吗?
She bent down (over) to pick up a book from the floor.她弯腰从地板上捡起一本书。
n.弯曲; 转弯(处)/弯道。 a bend in the road 道路的转弯处
17、direct： vt. 指挥/指导；导演；管理；指示方向/指引。同练P36-8
adj. (笔)直的/径直的；直接的；坦率/坦白的。
Chaplin directed many films in his life.卓别林一生导演了许多电影。
Can you direct me to the railway station?你能指给我去火车站的路吗？
May I ask you a direct question?我能直截了当地向你提个问题吗？
He is very direct, so you always know what his real views are.为人直率,
总能知道他的真实想法。
directly： adv.直达地；直接地。conj.立即；一...就...＝as soon as
Please answer my questions directly.请直接回答我的问题。
Please telephone me directly you get to Beijing.请你一到北京就给我打电话。
director：n.指导者；导演；董事。 directory：n.地址/号码簿。 direction：n.方向/趋向/势。
On hearing the sound, the birds flew away in every direction.听到声音，鸟向四面八方飞去。
18、pass by：经过/通过/走过；(时间)过去；错过；忽视。 passerby 过路人同练P37-10
A truck passed by just now.We passed by a big forest and came to the small village.
The procession passed right by my front door.队伍就在我家门前经过。
Time passed by without our knowing it. 时间不知不觉地就过去了。
You should never let the opportunity pass by. 你不应该错过这个机会。
Tom passed close by me without a sign of recognition. 汤姆与我擦肩而过，却没有认出我。
短语：
pass away去世；(时间等)消磨掉/过去 pass down把…一代传一代/流传 pass through经历/体验/穿过
pass on传递，传授pass over不注意，忽视pass out昏倒，失去知觉
pass over对…不加考虑pass through穿过；经历，遭受pass up放过（机会）；放弃
Qian Xuesen，a great scientist，passsed away peacefully.伟大的科学家钱学森安详地辞世了。
Folk music has been passed down from one generation to another.民间音乐一代一代地流传下来。
Mary passed through a difficult period after her marriage failed.婚姻失败后经历了一段困难时期。
同练P39-10-2
19、take (sb./sth.) for granted：认为…理所当然, (因视为当然而)对…不予重视；认为某事属实(是必然情况)。
Don’t take his help for granted. 不要认为他就应改帮助你。
Don’t take anything for granted.凡事不要想当然。
He never praises his wife；he just takes her for granted.他从不夸妻子，只觉得她一切理所当然。
如果跟宾语从句，则用it作形式宾语，把实际宾语放在后面。take it for granted that….
I took it for granted that you would stay with us. 我想当然地认为你会跟我们在一起呢。
I take it for granted that you have read this book.我认为你一定读过这本书。
拓展：take it easy别着急,放松点。 take...seriously认真对待。 take one’s time慢慢来，别着急。
Take it easy.We’ll take care of everything.别着急。一切由我们照料。仔细考虑一下吧。
It’s an important decision for you, so take your time to think it over.对你来说，这是一个重要的决定，
You can’t take her promise seriously; she never keeps her word.她答应的事你别当真,她从来不算数。
20、encounter： vt.遭遇；遇到。 n .相遇，邂逅。
The young scientists encountered many difficulties during their exploration.年轻的科学家们在探险
have a close encounter with death 跟死神打了个照面。 期间遇到了许多困难。
21、profound： adj. (影响)深远的；(见解)深刻的。
I give you my profound thanks for saving my life.我对您的救命之恩深表谢意。
He has a profound knowledge of mathematics.他数学知识渊博。
22、have an effect on/upon sb./sth.： 对…产生效果/起作用或有影响。
have no (little/some/much/a bad )effect：无效；没有 (几乎没有/有些/有很大的/有不良的)影响”。
have a profound effect on：对…产生深远影响。
Smoking can have a bad effect on your body.吸烟会对你的身体产生很坏的影响。
Punishment had very little effect on him.惩罚对他不起作用。
拓展：be of no effect to...对…无效。 come/go into effect 生效；实施。 cause and effect 因果(关系)。
bring/put/carry...into effect使生效；实施；实现/行。 in effect实际上；事实上。 take effect生效，起作用。
The new system will soon be brought into effect.新系统即将启用。
When will the new law take effect?这项法律何时生效？
This medicine is of no effect to her.这种药对她不起作用。他影响很大。
The games don’t have an effect on me but affect him a great deal.这些游戏对我没有影响，但是对
同义词归纳：have effect on/upon sb./sth.，have an influence on，have an impact on，affect
23、mission： n. 任务；职责；使命。 a mission in life 人生目标/天职
The minister was sent to Spain on mission.这位部长奉命前往西班牙。
24、qualified： adj. 合格的/称职的；有资格的/能胜任的。
Jane is well qualified for this teaching job.简很适合担任这份教育工作。
25、take up： 站好位置以备...。
The boys took up their places before the game began.游戏开始之前，孩子们站好了位置。
The chairman took up and began his speech.主席就座并开始讲话。
take up有更多的意思。
1)开始从事。 When did he take up football?什么时候开始踢足球的?She has taken up a job as a teacher.
2)开始学习(某课程)。 What is your brother taking up in college? 你哥哥在大学学习什么专业？
3)占用(时间或空间)。 The work took up all his time. 那工作花费了他所有的时间。
The large desk takes up most of the office. 这张桌子占去办公室的大部分间。
4)拿起。 He took up a pen and wrote down his name.拿起笔记下名字。
5)继续/接着(讲述)。 The teacher took up his lesson where he stopped yesterday. 老师接着昨天的课程讲。
6)接受(挑战/建议/条件等)。I'd like to take up your offer of a ride into town.我接受你的邀请，搭你车进城。
26、take notice of：注意到。 Do you take the slightest notice of my feeling?你有一点注意我的感受吗？
take notice of与notice (vt.)均为“注意到”：
take notice of指有意识的行为；notice (vt.)指无意识的行为。
相关短语：take notice注意；留心。
take sth apart 拆，卸，拆散。take after 长相或举止像(某个长辈)。 take back 收回，接回，退回。
take down写下/记下; 拆下/拆掉。 take in收留; 吸收; 包括; 理解;欺骗/使上当。
take off 脱下/拿走/去掉;起飞;打折扣/扣掉/去掉;请假; 休息; 成功/名。
take on 聘用/雇用；呈现；承担或担任(工作或责任等)。 take over 接替，接管，继承。
take to喜欢/习惯于...；沉溺于。 take sb (sth) for /to be…把某人(某物)当作(是)…。
take…for granted 认为...理所当然。 take care of 照顾。 take part in 参加，参与。
take effect 生效；起作用。 take it easy别紧张。take advantage of 利用。
Can you take five dollars off the price?你可以减价五美元吗?He soon took to drinking again.
There’s another matter which we ought to take up. 还有一件事我们要提出来商量。
I took him for an honest man/to be honest. 我看他为人老实。
27、temporary： adj. 临时的, 暂时的, 短时间的。 = impermanent
The arrangement is only temporary.这种安排只是暂时的。
They just reached a temporary agreement.他们只是达成一个临时协议。
permanent：adj. 长久/永恒/永久(性)的；固定的。 It is unchangeable and permanent.是持久不变的
He is one of our permanent employees.他是我们的终身雇员之一。
28、freeze：vi.冻住/冻僵；结冰。 freezer：n.冰箱,(冰箱的)冷藏室,冷藏车,冷藏库。 freezing：adj.严寒的。
A freezer freezes water solid.冰箱能使水结成固体。
It is freezing outside, and put on your winter coat.外面很冷, 穿上你的大衣吧。
29、contract： n. 合同；契约。vt.缔结; 订契约。 vt. & vi.染上(恶习, 疾病等)。
Once you have reached formal agreement, you should enter into a contract with the other party.
你一旦达成正式协议, 就应该和对方签订合同。
They've contracted an agreement.缔结了一项协议。Bad habits are easy to contract.坏习惯很容易养成。
30、earn：vt. “挣钱，挣/赚得”。earn one’s living＝make a living 谋生
earn one’s own living 自食其力earn money＝make money挣钱
She is young, but she earns a good salary.她很年轻，但挣的工资很高。
She earned her living by singing in a nightclub.她靠在夜总会唱歌谋生。一百万英镑的人叫做富翁。
Everyone who can earn no less than ￡1,000,000 a year is named moneybags.我们把一年赚不少于
They put all the money earned into a big case.他们把所有挣来的钱都装进一只大箱子里。
[拓展]earn 还有“博得，赢得”的意思。
His courage earned him the admiration of his comrades.他的勇气博得了同志们的赞扬。
As a teacher, she had earned the respect and admiration of her students.赢得了学生的尊重和敬仰。
辨析：gain：得到。强调结果，并不在意是否应得，或是否付出了努力。
win：赢得。 强调在竞争中、比赛中获胜得到某物，并不在意所得之物是否应得。
earn：赚得。 强调在工作或竞争中付出努力赚得，所得之物是应得的报酬。
31、sign：vt.在…签字，签署；签名；向...做手势(sign to sb.to do sth.示意某人去做某事)。
I haven't signed the contract yet.我还没有签这个合同。
Both parties have signed the contract!双方已经在合同上签字了。
He signed his name on the cheque.他在支票上签了名。
She turned and signed (to) the child to be quiet.她转过身示意孩子安静下来。
短语：sign for sth.签收某物。 sign in/out 签到/签退。 sign up (for) 报名参加，签约受雇。
For safely reasons, please sign in when you arrive at the building, and sign out when you leave.
基于安全，请在抵达大楼时签到，离去时请签退。多的人，但是没有多少人签约。
They planned to sign up more men for the company, but not many signed up.他们计划为公司雇用更
n.记号/符号；姿势；信号；告示；标语；招牌/牌子；迹象；征兆。 There's no sign of rain.没下雨迹象
He made a sign for me to follow him.他向我示意跟着他（走）。
The sign by the road said ‘No Parking'.路边的牌子上写着“禁止停车”。
There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有有人住的迹象。
The tests can detect early signs of disease.这些检查可以发现疾病的早期征兆。
signature： n.签字，署名。
32、apply： vi 申请。 apply for sth. to sb.向...申请...。apply to do申请去做...。
He has applied for a post in England.Tom applied for the post of Jack’s secretary.申请杰克秘书一职。
He has applied to a banker for a loan.He applied to be sent to another depaartment.
I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.申请了4所大学，全都录取了我。
vt. 应用；运用。 apply sth. tosth.把…应用于…生产过程中。
Scientific discoveries are often applied to industrial processes.科学上的发现经常被应用到工业
We should learn how to apply a theory to practice.我们应学会把理论应用于实践。
vi.适用于。 apply to/be applied to...适用于/应用于…。The rules of safe driving applies to everyone.
This rule can not be applied to every case. 这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。
拓展：apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做…。
He would do well if only he applied himself to the work.只要专心致志，他会把工作做得很好的。
He applied himself to learning French. 他致力于学习法语。
applied： adj.应用的，实用的。 application： n.请求/申请；申请书/表；应/运/适用/用途。
applicant：申请人。 applicable： adj. 可应用的，合/适用的。
Hisapplication had been rejected.他的申请被拒绝了。经被开发出来。
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found.从二十世纪七十年代起，很多新的用途已
The applicants must first hand in their application if they want to apply for the job.
33、require：vt. 请求/要求想要；需要。 1)requiresth.，require (sb) to do，require that (should) do
This job requires a clear head/patience.All living beings require food.He requires to see my passport.
I require two children to help me.The boss required that she (should) keep it a secret.
2) sth + require /need/want+ doing = sth + require/need/want + to be done 某物需要…
These temples require / want / need repairing.=These temples require / want / need to be repaired.
The floor requires washing.=The floor requires to be washed.
3) require sth. of sb.对...有...的要求。I have done everything that was required of me.要我做的事都已做好
4) require that (should) 后接宾语从句，从句谓语用虚拟语气：should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
The teacher required that we (should) hand in the papers after class.
It is required that all the children be seated silently.
He required that we (should) work all night.＝He required us to work all night.他要求我们干通宵。
requirement： n. 要求，必要性/必要条件；需要(的东西)/必需品。
meet/refuse one’s requirements 满足(拒绝)某人的要求
The requirement is that students not be absent from classes.这项要求是学生们不要旷课。
Food is a requirement of life.食物是一项生活必需品。
34、renewable： adj. 可继续的,可续订(签)的。renewable energy/sources可再生能源
renew： vt. & vi.(使)复原/更新；赋予新的生命和活力；重新开始；延长…的期限。
The most important thing is to renew your health.最重要的是恢复你的健康。
The trees renew their leaves every year.树木每年都重新长出叶子。
I must renew the book.我必须续借这本书。
35、essential： adj. 必不可少的/绝对必要的/非常重要的；本质的/实质的/基本的。
Food is essential for life.生命离不开食物。It is essential for us to know all the facts.了解事实有必要。
There are essential differences between the two.这两者之间有本质的区别。
36、in response to：“作为…的回应；回答”。常作状语，其中to 为介词。同义词为in answer to。
My mother opened the door in response to the knock.听到敲门声，妈妈打开了门。
In response to my question，she just nodded.作为对我问题的回应，她只是点了点头。
The product was developed in response to customer demand.为了满足顾客要求，开发了这个产品。
response：n. 回答/答复；反应/响应/作出反应。 have no response 没有回应
make aresponse to对…作出反应make no responseto = make no answerto对…不作反应/不回答
in answer to= in reaction to作为对...的回应in reply to对...回复 in return for作为...的报答
He made no response to my question.他对我的问题不予回答。
They made a quick response to my inquiry.他们对我的询问很快做了答复。
respond： vi. 1)作答/回答；作出反应；响应。 Has she responded to your letter?
2)(对治疗等)有良好反应；(对操纵等)作出灵敏反应。 respond to回答/应；对…作出反应。
The patient is responding well to treatment. 病人对治疗反应良好。
They eagerly respond to the Party’s call to work in the west.他们积极响应党的号召到西部去工作。
vt. 以...回答。 He responded no to the first question. 他对第一个问题的回答是否定的。
37、grateful： adj 感激的，感谢的。 They sent us a grateful letter.
给我们寄来了一封感谢信。
be ~to sb for (doing) sth:因某事而感激某人。 be grateful (for sb) to do sth 因（某人做某事）而感激。
I am very grateful to you for everythingyou did /all that you have done.感激你所做的一切。
I’m grateful to hear that you have put in a good word for me.听说你替我美言，我很感激．
gratefully： adv. 感激地，感谢地。我们的人所付出的努力。
We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of everyone who helped us.我们衷心感谢每一位帮助
gratitude： n. 感激/感恩/感谢（之情）。Her eyes were filled with gratitude.她的眼里充满了感激之情。
近义动词： appreciate sb./sth.感激/感谢。I appreciate your help very much.非常感谢你的帮助。
38、available： adj. 反义词：unavailable难以获得的。
(1)(修饰物)可获得的/可利用的/有效的。 This book is not available here.这里没有这本书。
be available to sb.可被某人获得或利用的。be available for可供…之用，有效期为，能参加…的。
All the teaching equipment is available to students.学生们可以使用所有的教学设备。
The ticket is available for three days.这张票有效期为三天。
TV sets are available in any department store.电视机在任何一家百货公司里都能买到。
(2)(修饰人)有空的；可与之联系的；可会见的。
Is the manager available? 经理在不在？The lawyer is not available now.律师现在没空。
Thoseovercoats are not available in your colour and size.这种外套，没有你要的颜色和尺码。
39、demand： n. (C/U)要求；需要。
短语：There are demands for sb.to do sth.有让某人做某事的要求。 demand for sth./sb.要求某事/某人。
in (great) demand非常需要/很受欢迎。 meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求。
Is there much demand for teachers in this town?这个镇很需要教师吗？
Good secretaries are always in demand.好的秘书总是很多人都需要的。
It is impossible to satisfy all your demands.满足你所有的要求是不可能的。
v.要求；需要。
1)demand + n/pron This sort of work demands great patience.这种工作需要极大耐性。
The foreign customer demanded an apology from the saleswoman in the supermarket.
这位外国顾客要求超市女售货员向其道歉。（主观要求）（客观需要）
As is known, fishing is a job that demands great patience. 众所周知，钓鱼是一项需要耐性的工作。
2)demand + to do /to be doneI demand to know the truth.
She demanded to be told everything about it. 她要求知道事情的整个经过。
3)demand sth. from / of sb. 向某人要...。 昨天晚上，夫妇俩来到我家要求我帮忙。
Yesterday evening, the couple came to my house and demanded help from / of me.
4)demand + that (should) do经理要求工人加班，以提前完成任务。
The manager demanded that the workers work extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.
All the settlers nearby demanded that the nightclub (should) be moved away as soon as possible.
附近所有居民都要求那家夜总会尽早搬走。
He demands that he (should) be toldeverything / to be told everything.他要求将一切都告诉他。
40、suffer：vi.患…疾病；有…困难。 suffer from headache/illness受头痛/疾病之苦
vt.遭受(痛苦/损失)；忍受(侮辱)。 常跟名词loss, pain, punishment, defeat, hardship, hunger, poverty。
Her business suffered when she was ill.她患病时，生意受到了影响。
He suffered a lot during the war.战争中他受了很多苦。
The old man’s legs were badly hurt and he suffered great pain.这位老人的双腿受了重伤，非常疼痛。
The company suffered huge losses at first.这家公司在一开始出现巨额亏损。
The old man is suffering from a bad cold.这个老人患了重感冒。
Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam.世上多数城市都遭受着交通堵塞。
suffering：n.(身体或心灵的)痛苦, 苦难；各种苦恼/折磨。
The medication should ease the suffering.这种疗法能减轻痛苦。
41、double： vt. & vi.是…的两倍, (使)加倍。
The house has doubled in value since I bought it.自从我买下这幢房子以来, 它的价值已增加了一倍。
The baby doubled its weight in a year.那婴儿一年中体重增加了一倍。
adj.双的, 双重的；供两人用的, 双人的。 They bought a double bed.他们买了一张双人床。
The total output is double that of last year.总产量是去年的两倍。
n.两倍, 双份；极为相似的人。
Ten is the double of five.十是五的两倍。He is my double.他酷似我。
42、individual： adj. 个别的/单独的/个人的；独特的。 n.个人。
Each individual house has its own yard.每栋房子都有各自的庭院。
Students can apply for individual tuition.学生可以申请个别指导。
She has her own individual style of doing things.她有自己独特的行事风格。
The purpose of the law is to protect the right of the individual.该法律目的是为了保护个人权利。
43、outgoing： adj.(指性格)开朗/大方/外向的；对人友好的。
He is an outgoing and lively person.他是个性格开朗而又活泼的人。
反义词：shy怕羞的; 腼腆的。 coy 假装害羞的;忸怩作态的;故作谦虚的。
Mary is a shy girl.玛丽是一个害羞的女孩。The boy is shy of strangers.这小孩怕陌生人。
She is too shy to go to parties.她很怕羞, 不敢去参加舞会。
Don’t be so coy, and I know you’d like to do the job.不要忸怩, 我知道你真的喜欢这份工作。
44、personality： adj. 个性/性格/人格；人物/名人。
His personality is in good taste.他的品格很高尚。
She has a powerful personality. 她有坚强的个性。
Einstein was a great personality.爱因斯坦是个伟大的人物。
句型:
1、A job worth doing
worth, worthy, worthwhile
1)be worth n/doing： This dictionary is worth 150 yuan.
The novel is worth reading. (or It is worth reading the novel.)
2)be worthy of n./ being done / be worthy to be done
3)be worthwhile doing/ to do
It’s worthwhile reading this story.
Reading this story is worthwhile.
It’s worthwhile to read this story.
I thing it is a worthwhile job, and my attempt is worthwhile.
2、He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend.
When = at that time 这时突然。。。
We were doing our homework when the lights went off.
Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park ____ she was bitten in the leg by a lion.
A. when B. while C. since D. once
on average 平均；通常。
We fail one student per year on average.我们平均每有一个学生不及格。
【考点聚焦】记住与average相关的习惯用语：
on the/an average平均；按平均数计算；一般地说
above the average在一般水平以上；中上；在平均数以上
below the average在一般水平以下；中下；在平均数以下
be well/quite up to the average完全达到一般水平
be about up to the average刚达到一般水平
in comfort in particular in surprise in secret in general
in response to作为……的回应
A large part of human activity,particularly in relation to the environment,is in response to conditions or events.大量的人类活动，尤其是关系到环境的活动，应对现状负责。
【考点聚焦】习惯用语：call forth no response in sb.’s breast 在某人心中不起反应
in response to 响应,反应
make no response 不回答
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