高考试题——英语辽宁卷真题绝对清晰 10页

‎2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（辽宁卷）‎ 英 语 第二部分阅读理解 （共两节，满分60分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）‎ 阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的四个选项 （A 、B 、C 和 D ）中 ，选出最佳选项 ，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ A A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops（笔记本电脑）.‎ Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility（清晰度）. But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.‎ Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes “mindlessly” by taking down word for word what the professors said.‎ In the first experiment, students were given either a laptop or pen and paper. They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills. Thirty minutes after the talk, they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.‎ The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand. However, the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts. Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.‎ The researchers’ report said, “While more notes arc beneficial, if the notes are taken mindlessly, as is more likely the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears.”‎ In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory, students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture. This time, the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.‎ These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes arc not only better for immediate learning ‎ and understanding, but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.‎ ‎21. More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can .‎ A. write more notes B. digest concepts better C. get higher scores D. understand lectures better ‎22. While taking notes, laptop users tend to be .‎ A. skillful B. mindless C. thoughtful D. tireless ‎23. The author of the passage aims to .‎ A. examine the importance of long-term memory B. stress the benefit of taking notes by hand C. explain the process of taking notes D. promote the use of laptops ‎24. The passage is likely to appear in .‎ A. a newspaper advertisement B. a computer textbook C. a science magazine D. a finance report B ‎(Q = Question; A = Answer)‎ Situation I Q: If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude to move?‎ A: Maybe, but nobody will fault you for it. Chances are that the close sitter doesn’t realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance. You undoubtedly aren’t the first person he’s met who needs enough room. Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.‎ Situation II Q: If 1 use the bathroom at a store, do I need to buy something?‎ A: Consider frequency and urgency. Is this a one-time thing or an emergency? If so, you don’t have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. However, if you regularly use the bathroom at this place, then you arc a customer, and you should act like one.‎ Situation III Q: If someone is talking loudly on the bus, is there a nicc way to ask him to keep it down?‎ A: No. Try other means: 1) Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down. 2) Lift your finger ‎ in a silence motion（动作） and smile. 3) Put on earphones and ignore him.‎ Situation IV Q: If I remember my friend’s birthday a day late, should I apologize or just wish her a happy birthday like nothing happened?‎ A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. “Happy belated birthday!” is short for: “Well. I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday.”‎ Situation V Q: Can I lie about seeing a text because I was loo busy or lazy to respond to it?‎ A: Don’t lie. Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond(回复) to it. Why waste a perfectly good lie when the truth will serve? “Yes,” you can say if ever asked, “I saw it.” No explanation is needed as to why you don’t respond.‎ ‎25. You will get annoyed in a theater when .‎ A. a person is too active B. a person is too rude to you C. a person talks too loudly D. a person sits too close to you ‎26. How will you quiet someone down in a public place?‎ A. By making fun of him continuously.‎ B. By looking purposefully at him.‎ C. By talking to him directly.‎ D. By pointing angrily at him.‎ ‎27. The underlined word “belated” in Situation IV probably means .‎ A. predicted B. returned C. cancelled D. delayed ‎28. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. Modern ways to mind your manners.‎ B. Different ways to change others’ manners.‎ C. Proper manners to offer help to others.‎ D. Good manners to talk to people.‎ C Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on ‎ their wealth to the next generation?‎ UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees arc competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.‎ Nitrogen（氮） and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi（真菌） networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons（神经元）in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.‎ Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.‎ ‎“We didn’t take any notice of it.” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.‎ ‎29. The underlined sentence “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees .‎ A. compete for survival B. protect their own wealth C. depend on each other D. provide support for dying trees ‎30. “Mother trees” are extremely important because they .‎ A. look the largest in size in the forest B. pass on nutrition to young trees C. seem more likely to be cut down by humans D. know more about the complex “tree societies”‎ ‎31. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .‎ A. how “tree societies” work B. how trees grow old C. how forestry industry develops D. how young trees survive ‎32. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection C. Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think D. Trees Contribute To Our Society D Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees（雇员） and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. He’s never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. “Your working uniform is your shelter,” he told her. “Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be.”‎ Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee’s occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions（情绪）.Most importantly, it taught him willpower.‎ At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit: willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person s success.‎ And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. “Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren’t working hard—but that’s because they’ve made it automatic,” Angela Duckworth, one of the University‎ of ‎Pennsylvania researchers said. “Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it.”‎ The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers’ lives. Those courses are, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.‎ ‎33. We learn from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must .‎ A. learn to give lectures B. attend education programs C. design a working uniform D. develop a common hobby ‎34. Willpower will become a habit when employees can . ‎ A. focus on the profits B. benefit from the job C. protect themselves well D. control their feelings well ‎ ‎35. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. G&G has grown into a large company.‎ B. G&G will spend half its profits training employees.‎ C. G&G may become more successful in the future.‎ D. G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers.‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分） ‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ‎ Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:‎ ‎• Schedule yearly exams. 36 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.‎ ‎• Protect against UV rays(紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to youreyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. 37 ‎ ‎• Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 38 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.‎ ‎• 39 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins(维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.‎ ‎• Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses（隐形眼镜）. Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 40 Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.‎ A. Eat your greens.‎ B. Eye care should begin early in life.‎ C. They can properly protect your eyes.‎ D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.‎ E. Parents usually don’t cane about their own eyesight.‎ F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.‎ G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.‎ 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor. We had 41 to meet at the restaurant at seven o’clock. I felt a little uneasy, but to my 42 I had a good excuse: A business meeting had 43 and I’d wasted no time getting to the dinner.‎ When I arrived at the 44 I apologized and told Eleanor I didn’t mean to be late. She screamed, “You never mean to.” Well, I 45 tell she was angry. “I’m sorry but it was not 46 .” I said. Then I told her about the business meeting 47 my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive 48 mad as well.‎ Several weeks later, when I 49 the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, “You ‎50 a classic mistake. You’re stuck 51 your own way of thinking. You didn’t 52 to be late. But that’s not the point. What is ‎53 in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor.” He pointed out that I focused on the intention 54 Eleanor focused on the result. Thus, 55 of us felt misunderstood and crazy.‎ Thinking more about Ken’s words, I 56 recognized the root cause of such disagreement. It’s the result of the action that really 57 I should have started the conversation by expressing 58 my actions affected Eleanor and 59 the discussions about my intention for later, much later and even never.‎ Later on, after talking to Eleanor and really 60 her experience of the results of my lateness, I’ve managed to be on time a lot more frequently. ‎ ‎41. A. started B. agreed C. continued D. managed ‎42. A. relief B. surprise C. regret D. sorrow ‎43. A. broken out B. closed down C. faded away D. run over ‎44. A. house B. room C. restaurant D. supermarket ‎45. A. could B. must C. will D. might ‎46. A. movable B. comfortable C.acceptable D.avoidable ‎ ‎47. A. However B. Therefore C .Moreover D. Otherwise ‎ ‎48. A. her B. him C. me D. them ‎49. A. spread B. wrote C. translated D. described ‎50. A. knew B. made C found D. took ‎51. A. in B. beyond C. for D. against ‎52. A .need B. prove C. pretend D .intend ‎53. A .funny B. important C possible D. simple ‎54. A. while B. after C. until D. unless ‎55. A. all B. none C. both. D. neither ‎56. A. usually B. merely C. hardly D. gradually ‎57. A. inspires B. matters C. improves D. challenges ‎58. A. how B. why C. when D. what ‎59. A. compared B. reported C. finished. D. saved ‎60. A. showing B. satisfying C. understanding D. destroying 第II卷 注意事项：‎ 用‎0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 ‎ Jonny: Hey! I’m just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me?‎ Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?‎ Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.‎ Peter: OK. Don’t laugh 61 me. I may look funny.‎ Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and don’t let your body shake.‎ Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).‎ Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds.‎ Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.‎ Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!‎ Peter: Unbelievable! Oh..., 69 you don’t mind, I’ll stop and take a deep 70 .‎ 第四部分写作（共两节；满分35分）‎ 第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ Dear Jeremy and Alice,‎ Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors, we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog—Cleo.‎ We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she’s outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as wc arc often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o’clock. That is too much for us. considering how closely the houses are. ‎ We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是学生会主席李华。学校将举办一次以”校园生活，创意无限”（innovations on campus）为主题的创意作品展评活动。请你根据以下图示，以短文形式用英语写一份书面通知。‎ ‎ ‎ 注意：1．词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎3. 开头及结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ ‎ 参考词汇：校园campus 创意作品innovation 颁奖prize-giving ‎ Notice ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Student Union