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高考英语试卷全国I卷详细分析

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‎2017年高考英语试卷分析 一、2017新课标高考英语试范围及考试结构 - 2 -‎ 二、2017年新课标高考英语试题命题特点 - 2 -‎ 三、2014-2017年新课标高考英语考点分布及对比分析 - 2 -‎ 四、2017年新课标高考英语试题分析 - 3 -‎ 第一部分(听力) - 3 -‎ 第二部分 (阅读理解) - 3 -‎ ‎ 第三部分 (语言知识运用)...................................................................- 16 -‎ ‎ 第四部分 (写作)....................................................................................- 24 -‎ 五、2018高考考生备考指南 - 25 -‎ 25‎ 一、2017新课标高考英语考试范围及考试结构 ‎2017年高考英语科目从考试要求、考试形式和卷面结构来看均与2016年保持基本一致。最值得我们留心的仍然是完善新题型、突出考查综合语言运用能力。‎ ‎【第一部分:听力】略 ‎【第二部分:阅读理解】‎ ‎ 2017年针对阅读依然是传统的四篇单选阅读加一篇七选五任务型阅读,重点考察考生对文章内容的细节理解、推力判断、词义猜测、主旨归纳以及文章逻辑的处理能力。‎ ‎【第三部分:语言知识运用】‎ 第一节 ‎:完形填空取材于现实,题材为记叙文。通过记叙的方式文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。‎ 第二节:语法填空通过提示词和无提示词两种方式着重考察考生对实词和虚词的综合考察。‎ ‎【第四部分:写作】‎ 第一节:短文改错延续8:1:1的改错原则,8个改词,1个多词,1个缺词。考察重点和方式与往年区别不大。‎ 第二节:书面表达整体中等难度,弘扬中国传统文化——唐诗。考察应用文中时间、地点及其他方面对遣词造句能力的综合表达能力。‎ 二、2017年新课标高考英语试题命题特点 纵观2017英语 试题,本次题目创新上比较少,整体中规中矩,没有出现偏难偏怪的题目,选项基本上平时强化练习都会涉及到。书面表达也比较容易,作答时不会出现太费力的地方。并且阅读题中设置的难点区分度并不是特别明显。因此整体上来说今年全国卷I英语 整体难度较去年略有下降,但个别题目较新颖,考察灵活有设置适量陷阱。‎ 三、2014-2017年新课标高考英语高考点分布及对比分析 题型 ‎2017年 ‎2016年 ‎2015年 ‎2014年 阅读理解 A篇:应用文—游客指南 B篇:记叙文 C篇:记叙文 D篇:说明文 细节理解题9个 推理判断题3个 词义猜测题2个 标题概括题1个 A篇:说明文 B篇:新闻报道 C篇:记叙文 D篇:说明文 细节理解题9个 推理判断题4个 词义猜测题1个 标题概括题1个 A篇:应用文—广告 B篇:记叙文 C篇:说明文 D篇:记叙文 细节理解题12个 推理判断题2个 词义猜测题1个 标题概括题0个 A篇:应用文—布告 B篇:说明文 C篇:议论文 D篇:说明文 细节理解题8个 推理判断题5个 词义猜测题2个 标题概括题0个 25‎ 七选五 体裁:记叙文 段首设空2个 段中设空2个 段尾设空1个 体裁:说明文 段首设空1个 段中设空4个 段尾设空0个 体裁:议论文 段首设空2个 段中设空3个 段尾设空0个 体裁:说明文 段首设空2个 段中设空3个 段尾设空0个 完形填空 体裁:夹叙夹议类 动词(短语)10个 名词6个 形容词和副词4个 体裁:记叙文 动词(短语)8个 名词4个 形容词和副词3个 介词(短语)2个 连词3个 体裁:夹叙夹议类 动词(短语)6个 名词7个 形容词和副词6个 定语从句1个 体裁:议论文 动词(短语)4个 名词9个 形容词和副词7个 语法填空 体裁:科普文 ‎【有提示词】‎ 动词时态和语态2个 非谓语动词2个 形容词和副词2个 名词1个 ‎【无提示词】‎ 介词(短语)1个 冠词1个 定语从句1个 体裁:记叙文 ‎【有提示词】‎ 动词时态和语态1个 非谓语动词2个 词性转换2个 代词1个 名词1个 ‎【无提示词】‎ 介词(短语)1个 冠词1个 定语从句1个 体裁:记叙文 ‎【有提示词】‎ 动词时态和语态2个 非谓语动词2个 词性转换1个 名词1个 代词1个 ‎【无提示词】‎ 介词(短语)1个 形容词和副词1个 定语从句1个 体裁:议论文 ‎【有提示词】‎ 动词时态和语态2个 非谓语动词1个 形容词和副词1个 词性转换3个 ‎【无提示词】‎ 连词1个 冠词1个 定语从句1个 短文断错 体裁:记叙文 第①处:考查数词eighteen改为eighteenth 第②处:考查限定词first day前加the/ my 第③处:考查连词so改为but/ yet 第④处:考查时态goes改为went 第⑤处:考查名词的数word改为words 第⑥处:考查动词Turning改为Turn 第⑦处:考查固定结构so...that之间删去much 第⑧处:考查形容词副词late改为later 第⑨处:考查形容词副词suddenly改为sudden 第⑩处:考查介词on改为of 体裁:记叙文 第①处:考查宾语从句that改为where 第②处:考查连词though不与but连用,删去but 第③处:考查动词时态had改为have 第④处:考查形容词副词honest改为honestly 第⑤处:考查连词or改为but或改为yet 第⑥处:考查动词的语态using改为used 第⑦处:考查动词短语dream后加of 第⑧处:考查冠词the改为a 体裁:记叙文 第①处:考查动词时态think改为thought 第②处:考查冠词countryside前加the 第③处:考查连词or改为and 第④处:考查介词on改为with 第⑤处:考查动词语态删除been 第⑥处:考查形容词副词seriously改为serious 第⑦处:改为名词airs改为air 第⑧处:考查形容词修饰名词much改为many 第⑨‎ 体裁:记叙文 第①处:考查副词before改为ago 第②处:考查介词by改为of 第③处:考查名词的数year改为years 第④处:考查时态had改为have 第⑤处:考查冠词和固定搭配result前加a 第⑥处:考查地点副词somewhere改为anywhere 第⑦处:考查词性转换taste改为tasty 第⑧处:考查形容词much改为many 第⑨‎ 25‎ 第⑨处:考查代词our改为his 第⑩处:考查形容词副词steady改为steadily 处:考查情态动词用法found改为find 第⑩处:考查代词your改为our/ the 处:考查连词Although不与but连用,删去but或改为yet 第⑩处:考查形容词副词wonderfully改为wonderful 书面表达 体裁:应用文——电子邮件 话题:帮助外国朋友学习中国传统文化唐诗 体裁:应用文——求助信 话题:请求外教帮助自己修改求职申请书和个人简历中的文字和格式。‎ 体裁:应用文——约稿信 话题:邀请美国朋友彼得为校报写一篇介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。‎ 体裁:应用文——咨询信 话题:针对一所英国学校发布的一篇广告进行关于计划暑期去英国学习的具体信息咨询。‎ 四、2017年新课标高考英语试题分析 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)‎ ‎【解析】:略 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Pacific Science Center Guide ‎◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.‎ ‎◆Hungry ‎ ‎ Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.‎ ‎◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.中/华-资*源%库 25‎ ‎◆Support Pacific Science Center ‎ Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish pacificorganzier.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.‎ ‎21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?‎ ‎ A. In Building 1.‎ ‎ B. In Building 3.‎ ‎ C. At the last Dome.‎ ‎ D. At the Denny Way entrance.‎ ‎22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?‎ ‎ A. Train Science teachers.‎ ‎ B. Distribute science books.‎ ‎ C. Distribute scientific research.‎ ‎ D. Take science to the classroom.‎ ‎23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?‎ ‎ A. To encourage donations.‎ ‎ B. To advertise coming events.‎ ‎ C. To introduce special exhibits.‎ ‎ D. To tell about the Center’s history.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要从购物点、就餐点、租赁服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center, 并展示了Pacific Science Center为人们做的贡献,呼吁人们的支持。‎ 21. B 细节题。根据第一段中The store is located upstairs in Building 3right next to the Laster Dome。 可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laster Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。‎ 22. D 细节题。 根据第四段Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.可知现在Pacific Science 25‎ ‎ Center每年向130多万人提供服务,并开始把科学教育带到教室。‎ ‎23.A 根据文章最后一段可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center,也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助,做贡献。故选A。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 一般来说,解答细节理解题时都可采用“寻读法”。也就是说,考生不必通篇细看原文,而可以采取“带着问题找答案”的方法,先从问题中抓住关键性词语。这种关键性的词语可以被称为“定位词”,找出“定位词”然后以此为线索,快速地捕捉和理解事实或细节,恰当地运用略读、查读等技巧,在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句,仔细品味,对照比较,确定答案。‎ ‎1. 应用文中的细节理解,特别是广告,是阅读理解题中常见的一种体裁。广告简洁明快,语言精练,篇幅小、信息多。广告阅读题多为细节理解题。做这类阅读题的技巧是:先读题目,带着问题有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。一般情况下,只要细心都会找到正确答案。 ‎ ‎2. 说明文中的细节理解与应用文一样,说明文中的阅读理解也偏重考查细节,我们也可以采用“先看题,然后带着问题在材料中寻找对应信息”的办法答题。 ‎ ‎3. 记叙文中的细节以理解故事、人物描写等是阅读理解的考查重点之一。做这类题一般也可采用“寻读法”,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题相关的词语或句子,再对相关词语或句子进行分析对比,获取准确信息,找出正确答案。‎ 例如第21题中根据题干中的关键词buy定位到Store,也就是第一段的内容。然后再结合后文中的The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.就可以得出正确答案。‎ 能在文中直接找到信息句子的细节题比较简单,一般设置在第一篇阅读里以减轻考生的紧张心理。所以考生要抓住这一特点,灵活使用解题策略,达到快速高效的目的。‎ B ‎ I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.‎ ‎ I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.‎ 25‎ ‎ I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.‎ ‎ The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.‎ ‎ Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.‎ ‎ A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.‎ ‎24. What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?‎ ‎ A. Efforts made in vain. B. Getting injured in his work. C. Feeling uncertain about his future. D. Creatures forced out of their homes. 25. Why was the author called to Muttontown? A. To rescue a woman.‎ ‎ B. To take care of a woman. C. To look at a baby owl.‎ ‎ D. To cure a young owl. 26. What made the chick calm down? A.A new nest.‎ ‎ B. Some food. C.A recording.‎ ‎ D. Its parents. 27. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A. It’s unexpected.‎ 25‎ ‎ B. It’s beautiful. C. It’s humorous.‎ ‎ D. It’s discouraging.‎ ‎【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单,因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。但无论结果怎样,救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰,给它做新的窝,帮助它回到父母身边的故事。‎ 24. A 细节理解题。根据第一段中Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助手上动物是令人心碎的,因为不知道救助的动物是否能活下去,也就是为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费,这是不可避免的。故选A。‎ 25. A 细节理解题。 根据第二段She had found a young owl on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl可知有人给作者打电话是因为有一只小猫头鹰掉在了地上,作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了,作者只是过去看看情况,所以D项错误。故选C。‎ ‎26.A 细节题。根据第四段I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down可知在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后,它很快就安静下来,所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。‎ ‎27.B 推理判断题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝,并且帮助它找回了它的父母。小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐。作者的救助成功了,说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.可推测,作者感觉很美好。故选B。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 尽管近几年高考英语阅读试题中推断题呈不断上升的趋势,但细节题仍然占有较大比例,而且已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查考生对英语语言的理解能力,因此难度比往年有所增加。‎ 对于直接信息的细节题来说,考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索,运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节,找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍,仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别,在准确理解细节的前提下,最后确定最佳答案。‎ 而细节理解题是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型,做这类题目时,考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理,然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别,这对考生来说有一定难度。‎ 例如第25题Why was the author called to Muttontown? 作者为什么会被打电话喊去Muttontown呢?通过浏览后文考生都知道是和救助小猫头鹰有关,但C选项To look at a baby owl.和D选项To cure a young owl.中都涉及到了“小猫头鹰”,那到底是去“看小猫头鹰”还是去“治疗小猫头鹰”呢?毕竟文章第一段中介绍作者工作职责的句子I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey 25‎ ‎ Arboretum in Locust Valley.中出现了rescue“救援”这个单词。再加上后文又出现injured, displaced or sick creatures等单词,给考生的心理暗示就是被救助的小动物都是受伤的状态。有了前文的暗示,考生很有可能会选择D选项,认为作者接到电话后去Muttontown救助小猫头鹰。但实际上,小猫头鹰只是掉在地面上,并没有受伤。根据这一点,D选项就被排除了。所以正确答案是C选项。‎ C Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.‎ Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.‎ It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.‎ ‎“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”‎ Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.中/华-资*源%库 Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”‎ ‎28.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?‎ 25‎ A.To remember the birth of jazz.‎ B.To protect cultural diversity.‎ C.To encourage people to study music.‎ D.To recognize the value of jazz.‎ ‎29.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A.Jazz becoming more accessible.‎ B.The production of jazz growing faster.‎ C.Jazz being less popular with the young.‎ D.The jazz audience becoming larger. ‎ ‎30.What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?‎ A.It will disappear gradually.‎ B.It remains black and white.‎ C.It should keep up with the times.‎ D.It changes every 50 years.‎ ‎31.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A.Exploring the Future of Jazz.‎ B.The Rise and Fall of Jazz.‎ C.The Story of a Jazz Musician.‎ ‎ D.Celebrating the Jazz Day.‎ ‎【文章大意】为提高人们对于爵士乐的重视程度,UNESCO把四月30号定为了国际爵士日。然而这一行为还是没能挽救爵士乐。Jason Moran认为时代在进步,为了将老一代人和年轻一代人联接起来,爵士乐应该也随之进步。‎ ‎28.D 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures. 可知UNESCO把四月30号定为国际爵士日是为了让人们重视爵士乐,意识到它重要性以及它作为联接各文化的纽带之声的潜在功能。也就是为了让人们意识到爵士乐的价值。故选D。‎ ‎29.C 推理判断题。根据前文Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations可知尽管UNESCO为爵士乐设了纪念日,但美国的爵士乐听众依然在减少,并且年龄在老化。爵士乐没能将年轻一代人联接起来。再结合It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that“是Jason Moran所做的事情帮助改变了那个情况”‎ 25‎ ‎,所以可推测that指代的是前文中爵士乐在年轻一代人中失去吸引力的现象。故选C。‎ ‎30.C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same可知Moran认为爵士乐不能以1908或1958年的方式来表达当代,因为世界运转的方式不同,所以爵士乐必须继续前进才行。说明随着时代的发展,爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。故选C。‎ ‎31.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视设立爵士日,但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步,否则将失去吸引力。可知本文主要探索爵士乐的未来,故选A。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 通常情况下,文章的标题具有概括性、针对性、醒目性的特点。概括性就是指标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,囊括文章的主要内容,体现文章的主题。针对性是对标题外延的一种界定,标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引读者的注意力,唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。考试中标题选择的题型一般是基础标题的概括性进行设题。解答这一类题型,考生可以从以下几点着手:‎ 一、在阅读文章时,要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息,寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息,找出覆盖全文的核心词汇,看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题,也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。‎ 二、了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段,但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落,或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句,那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来,即为全文的主题句。‎ 三、逆向思维法 如果考生觉得文章大意难以总结,不妨采取逆向思维,从四个选项下手。也就是思考四个选项:如果我是作者,遇到这样的标题,文章应该写些什么内容?‎ 例如第31题,考生可采用逆向思维法,思考四个选项分别该怎么写。如果是A选项Exploring the Future of jazz,那么文章应该会讲到爵士乐的现状,以及就未来发展提出一些看法或者建议。如果是B选项The Rise and Fall of jazz.为文章标题,那么文章至少涉及两个方面,也就是爵士乐的繁荣时期和衰败时期。但回到这篇文章,很明显并没有描述前者。至于衰败时期,文中只提到爵士乐在年轻一代人中不那么受欢迎,“衰败”就属于过度推测了。如果是C选项The Story of a jazz Musician.,那么文章讲的应该是一个音乐家。这不符合本文的描述对象,所以可以排除。至于D选项Celebrating the Jazz Day.“庆祝爵士日”,文中既没有提到庆祝方式,也没有讲到庆祝地点之类的相关事物,唯一与之相关的是在第一段UNESCO设立爵士日。所以D选项也不是文章大意的体现。综合比较,A选项是文章标题的最佳选择。‎ D 25‎ A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.WWW.ziyuanku.com ‎ To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.‎ ‎ Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup. ‎ ‎ The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink. ‎ ‎32. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?‎ A. It’s delicate. B. It’s expensive.‎ C. It’s complex. D. It’s portable.‎ ‎33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. The tube. B. The still.‎ C. The hole. D. The cup.‎ ‎34. What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?‎ A. Dig a hole of a certain size. B. Put the cup in place.‎ C. Weight the sheet’s center down. D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.‎ ‎35. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .‎ A. the plastic tube B. outside the hole ‎ C. the open air D. beneath the sheet ‎【答案】‎ 25‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一种自己可以亲手制作的简单易行的太阳能蒸馏器的方法并介绍了它的工作原理。这种蒸馏器所需的材料简单,适用于任何缺水的地方。‎ 32. D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话可知制作蒸馏器的东西可以叠放在一个小包,系在腰间。说明制作蒸馏器的设备很轻便,portable表示“轻便的,手提的”故选D。‎ 33. B 推理判断题。根据Try to make the hole in damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity可知最好在潮湿的地方挖洞,以提高接水器的工作效率。接水器指的是在潮湿地方挖洞,在洞的底部放一个杯子,杯子上方用覆盖膜遮挡。整个装置构成接水器,而不是某个部分。这一题很容易错选D,但是退一步讲,就算在干燥的地方挖洞,杯子也可以接水,杯子接水的 事实并不会因为周围的环境变化而变化,杯子的工作效率是不变的。故选B。‎ ‎34.C 细节题。根据第三段Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock.可知最后一步是weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock“放一块石头在覆盖膜的中间,把它压下去”,故选C。‎ ‎35.D 推理判断题。结合第四段中的Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup可知地下水蒸发,在覆盖膜上聚集起来直到形成小水滴落在杯子里。覆盖膜是在杯子上面的,水滴落入杯子里。所以水滴是凝聚在覆盖膜的下面。故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查,因此,掌握一定的猜词技巧,对突破高考阅读理解、提高同学们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。这类试题包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测、以及对it/they/them等代词的确指对象的判断等。‎ 做这种类型的题,要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生,考生要特别注意熟词生义,切不可脱离语境想当然。猜测词义时,要掌握以下六种解题技巧:‎ 技巧 1 定义法:一般通过定义/定语从句/词组或同位语从句来确定词义。 ‎ 技巧 2 对比法:利用文中的反义词、表对比关系的词猜测词义。 ‎ 技巧 3 因果法:从原因推测结果,从结果推测原因。 ‎ 技巧4 例举法:利用文中的举例猜测词义。 ‎ 技巧5 构词法:在猜测词义过程中,我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识,从生词本身猜测词义。 ‎ 技巧6 根据文段中出现的同义、近义或反义词的意思进行判断。 ‎ 技巧7 根据句子结构进行判断。 ‎ 技巧8 根据文章的背景进行判断。 WWW.ziyuanku.com 25‎ 技巧9 上下文:利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。‎ 本篇阅读中的第33小题就属于词义猜测题。考生可以根据技巧9 上下文:利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义来选择正确答案。划线短语the water catcher很简单,考生一看就知道是“获得水的物品”的意思,在蒸馏器整个装置中,接水的东西就是杯子,这根据常识也知道的,因此很容易错选为D选项。如果考生仔细读划线短语所在的句子Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity就会发现一个关键的单词productivity。productivity表示“生产效率,工作效率”,杯子接水是它本来的功能,不会因为环境变化而加快聚水或减慢聚水。在潮湿的地方挖洞是因为潮湿的土中含有的水相对丰富,水蒸气蒸发凝成水珠就快些,这和水杯完全没有关系。所以结合上下文可知,the water catcher指的是蒸馏器整个装置。‎ 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) ‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 ‎ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. ‎ ‎ 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.‎ I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. ‎ ‎ 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. ‎ ‎ 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. ‎ ‎ 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.‎ A.This time there was no tent. B.Things are going to be improved. C.The trip they took me on was a rough one. D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. ‎ 25‎ F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.‎ G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. ‎ ‎【文章大意】三年前,作者对露营一无所知,也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历,作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营,甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式,也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。‎ 36. D 根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关,而后文中表明作者热爱露营。暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however就起到了很好的转折作用。其次,If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前,D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”,和前文时间吻合。故选D。‎ 37. C 根据后文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom 可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦,C选项中的rough暗示了这一点,符合语境。故选C。‎ 38. A根据前文可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷,露天生火做饭,走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所,条件很艰苦。而后文中的Instead,we had...an air conditioner.说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。故选A。‎ ‎39.F 根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车,里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力,说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后,我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境,故选F。‎ ‎40.E 根据后文It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法,而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.“我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结,也很好的衔接了后文。故选E。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 七选五的考查形式是给考生呈现一篇缺了五句话的英语文章,并要求考生根据文章的结构、逻辑、上下文的内容选出相应的五句话填入空白处将文章补充完整。具体的解题步骤有以下几点:‎ 步骤一:快速浏览一遍七个备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三个四个位置:标题,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有时有的答案表述上就是错误的,可以直接从备选项中清除,以降低难度。‎ 步骤二:快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。一般说来,记叙文的语言是按时间发展顺序或因果关系排列的,常用的连接词有:then, later, after that, soon, after a while, in the end, so, as a result, because of 25‎ ‎ that等。说明文常采用总-分-总的结构形式,第一段说明要说明的主题,下面几段多是从不同的角度来说明问题,最后总结,所以各段之间多是平行关系,经常出现举例说明的现象。议论文先抛出议题,然后从正反两个方面进行讨论,最后得出结论。新闻体裁的应用文首句为主题句,下面展开细节性的报道。‎ 步骤三:分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。分析文章的层次包含两种形式:一种是分析整篇文章的层次,也就是段落,说明文和议论文这样体裁的文章,每段的第一句多是主题句。找到主题句有助于帮助确定选择的范围,即所选句子必须和该段主题一致。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次,也就是语篇层次。要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次。‎ 步骤四:注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。文章的衔接手段有:重复式用某一词语或子范畴的词语,使用同义语表达,用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体,使用代词避免重复等。上述方法有助于段落的思路平稳在句子之间过渡。连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语融为一体。段落一致与句子衔接是文章连贯的两个必要因素。‎ 步骤五:区分相似项七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项,会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰,这时要特别细致地比对相似选项,方法和答阅读理解时区分相似项一样。‎ ‎ 步骤六:用代入法,检查答案是否合理。将所有选择答案放回空白处,通读全文,检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题,语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑,写作思路是否清晰明了,格式以及用语是否恰当贴切,从而判断选择的答案是否正确。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)‎ 阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).‎ I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.‎ The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more.‎ After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only ‎ 25‎ learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.$来&源:ziyuanku.com ‎ The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.‎ ‎41.A.searching B. planning C. natural D. formal ‎42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion ‎43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create ‎44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken ‎45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request ‎46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task ‎47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed ‎48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason ‎49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted ‎50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance ‎51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting ‎52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain ‎53. A. print B. write C. sign D. Count ‎54.A.slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious ‎55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize ‎56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for ‎57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated ‎58. A Lastly     B. Thus    C. Instead   D. However 59.A.required   B. caused    C. allowed   D. expected 60.A.easy    B. popular    C. quick     D. new ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己没有必要学习手语,直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演,深深地为之吸引,从而产生了学习手语的渴望。‎ ‎41. A 考查形容词辨析。searching:寻找的,探索的planning:计划的 natural:自然的formal:正式的 25‎ ‎ 句意:我自己经历了这个探索的过程 根据前文While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration可知大学为探索提供了舞台,所以这里指的是作者“探索”的过程。故选A。‎ ‎42. B 考查名词辨析。progress:进步 experience:经历 major:主修课目 opinion:观点 句意:我发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。分析可知故选B。‎ ‎43. C 考查动词辨析。choose:选择 read:看,读 learn:学习 create:创造 句意:我以前从没有过学习手语的冲动 分析可知故选C。‎ ‎44. D 考查形容词辨析。official:官方的foreign:外国的body:肢体的spoken:口语的 根据前文My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到,作者认为在平时的交流中,再加上肢体语言就足够了。body language:肢体语言 故选D。‎ ‎45. A考查名词辨析。love:热爱concern:关心,顾虑 goal:目标request:请求 句意:我没想过我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before作者表明以前从未想过学习手语,而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选A。‎ ‎46. C 考查名词辨析。meeting:会议 trip:旅行story:故事task:任务 句意:故事发生在我上大学的第一周 分析可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情,故选C。‎ ‎47. B 考查动词辨析。record:记录 perform:表现,表演 recite:背诵discuss:讨论 句意:在ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译时,我正观看着。分析可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部,应该是在用手语表演一首歌。故选B。‎ ‎48. A 考查名词辨析。idea:想法amount:数量dream:梦想reason:原因 句意:手部的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我 分析可知作者当时在看手语表演,而手语就是为了想借助手势进行交流。故选A。‎ ‎49. D 考查动词辨析。disturb:打扰 support:支持embarrass:使...难堪attract:吸引 分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者,否则作者也不会去学习手语。故选D。‎ ‎50. B 考查名词辨析。end:结束,末尾past:过去 course:课程 distance:距离 句意:我所看到的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。 固定短语in the past:在过去 故选B。‎ ‎51.D 考查动词辨析。show:展示act:行动say:说want:想要 句意:这种新奇的感觉使我想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引,想要进一步了解,所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议,上手语课的经历。故选D。‎ ‎52.B考查动词辨析。exercise:锻炼 explore:探索 express:表达explain:解释 句意:在那之后,我感觉到想要探索更多关于手语的东西,我参加了ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选B。‎ 25‎ ‎53.C 考查动词辨析。print:打印write:写sign:签名;打手势count:数 句意:那天我只学会了写字母表。分析可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议,学会的应该是最基本的写字母表。当然,打印字母表、在字母表上签名、数字母表和学习手语都没有联系。故选C。‎ ‎54.A考查形容词辨析。slow:缓慢的steady:平稳的 normal:正常的obvious:明显的 句意:我并没有因为缓慢的进步而沮丧,相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了写字母表,所以进步是很慢的。故选A。‎ ‎55.C 考查动词辨析。chair:主持;使…入座sponsor:赞助 attend:参加 organize:组织 句意:我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议去学习我能学习的一切。attend meeting:参加会议 故选C。‎ ‎56.D 考查动词辨析。miss:错过,想念pass:通过give up:放弃register for:报名注册 句意:接下来的一个学期,我报名上了一个手语班。故选D。‎ ‎57.A 考查动词辨析。prohibit:禁止welcome:欢迎ignore:忽视repeat:重复 句意:教授的耳朵听不见,任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文if there had been any talking可知在课堂上没有口语交流。故选A。‎ ‎58.C 考查副词辨析。lastly:最后,终于thus:因此;如此instead:反而however:然而 句意:反而,如果当时有口语交流,那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的。反而有口语交流会影响手语的学习。故选C。‎ ‎59.B 考查动词辨析。require:要求cause:造成 allow:允许expect:期待 句意:如果当时有口语交流,那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选B。‎ ‎60.D 考查形容词辨析。easy:简单的popular:受欢迎的quick:快速的 new:新的 句意:现在我很感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式 分析可知手语对于作者来说是一种新的交流方式,故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎“记叙文”类完形填空主要包括幽默故事、名人传记、事件叙述等。文中以叙述为主,通过人物之间的对话来反映人们对事件的看法及其起因。叙述上多半用平述的形式,很少加入作者的评论。 因此如果对文章上下文情景把握不住,就会失分。为了减少失分率,考生可以参考以下几点:‎ ‎1、首先读懂文章的首句,把握全篇,弄清文章要讲什么。‎ 完形填空一般没有标题,读懂第一句很关键。第一句一般不留空,是个完整的句子,整篇文窜的信息从此句开始。因此读好第一句不仅能够把握文章要讲什么内容,而且也可能把握作者的写作态度。因此,考生最好在读完第一句话后,不要急于看下一句,而是应先根据首句内容,对下文所要出现的故事进行一下推测,这有利于靠近作者的思路,避免走弯路。根据文章第一段的第一句While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration.可知作者在大学期间探索某些东西。所以第41题I myself went through this 41 process划线处应该填searching,和前文中的exploration呼应。‎ 25‎ ‎2、先通读全文,掌握大意,理清各种角色。‎ 记叙文一般有两个或两个以上的角色,作者对这些角色的态度各不一样,即使同样—件事发生在不同人身上作者也可能采用不同的写作描述。‎ ‎3、理顺事件的发生、发展、结局 记叙文的多项选择式完形填空题多半以事情发展的顺序进行叙述。正确把握文章的发展顺序对于把握文章的主旨有着重要的意义,因此在选择答案时可以先理情人物的关系及各自所做的事情。‎ 例如第57题The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者参加报名上手语课,教授的耳朵是听不见的,这是符合情理的。按照事情的发展,考生可以推测课堂上讲话应该是不允许的。所以选择A选项prohibit,表示“禁止”。‎ 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.‎ ‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ ‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分,人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的,但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分,自身的健康将会收到损害。‎ ‎61. as 考查介词。句意:这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的。as表示“做为,以...身份”,故填as。‎ ‎62. effects 考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”,根据前文的some可知“副作用side effect”有很多,故填effects。‎ 25‎ ‎63. to process 考查不定式。句意:他们被要求加工食物 require表示“要求”, require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”,被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”,表示“某人被要求做某事”。故填to process。‎ ‎64.are removed 考查被动语态。句意:当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉分析可知fat, salt, 和move之间是被动关系,脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉的,所以用被动语态。填are removed。‎ ‎65.a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result ,句意为:结果,人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。‎ ‎66.worse 考查比较级。句意:更糟的是,人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。‎ ‎67. is 考查主谓一致。句意:快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast food 的意思是“快餐”,表示一类食物,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。‎ ‎68. eating 考查动名词。句意:通过吃更多的快餐,人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词,所以填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。‎ ‎69. careful 考查形容词。句意:然而,注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语,故填careful。‎ ‎70. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐,那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句,先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 语法填空题的考查形式为:在一篇200词左右的语篇(短文或对话)中留出10处空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式,所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。具体考查形式有以下几种:‎ 一、给出动词基本形态,填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词),或填写谓语部分,可能需要填写两个或三个词,或是填写非谓语动词;‎ 二、给出形容词,需要填写比较级、最高级,或词性词形转化,转化为副词,或是填写反义词(前缀);‎ 三、给出副词,填写比较级、最高级,或是填写反义词;‎ 四、不给提示词,主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。‎ 有提示词:考查谓语动词,非谓语动词,形容词,副词 例如第62题has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease,给出了提示词effect。考生可以从词性变化和单复数两方面考虑,effect可变为形容词effective,变为副词effectively,分析语境可知划线处应该填名词,不需要做词性上的变化。所以考生可以从单复数方面考虑,根据划线处前的some可知应该填名词的复数形式。所以考生可以确定正确答案为effects。‎ 25‎ 无提示词:考查冠词,介词,连词,代词 ‎ 例如第70题it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 结合语境可知作者要表达“很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐,那对健康没有好处”的意思。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句,先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”,所以填which。‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题l分,满分10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。‎ ‎71. eighteen改为eighteenth 考查数词。句意:在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假 eighteen意思为“十八,十八个”,表示数量, eighteenth表示“第十八个的”,故将eighteen改为eighteenth。‎ ‎72 first前加the或my 考查冠词。句意:我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天,所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my,my first day表示“我(学驾照)的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎73 so改为but 或yet考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话,结果一发动车,脑中一片空白。所以前后文为转折关系。故将so改为but 或yet。‎ ‎74 goes改为went 考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时,故将goes改为went。‎ 75. word 改为words 考查单复数。word的意思主要是“单词”,words 可以表示为words,也表示某人说的“‎ 25‎ 话,话语”,为可数名词。这里指教练说的那些话,并非某个词。故将word改为words。‎ 75. Turning 改为Turn 考查祈使句的结构;此题也可以按照英语中的平行结构解题,Turn left与前面两个引导的内容为并列关系,所以动词形式要一致。故将Turning 改为Turn。‎ 76. 删去much 考查so...that...结构的用法。此处为结果状语从句。so+adj原形/ adv.原形+that从句,形容词前不可用much。‎ ‎78 late改为later 考查副词。做形容词的时候,later是late的比较级,如:Their deadline is quite late. Ours is even later.(他们的截止日期很迟.我们的更迟.)做副词的时候,late是迟的意思,later是稍后、随后的意思。句意:几分钟之后 故将late改为later。‎ ‎79 suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词。句意:我来了个紧急刹车。suddenly是副词,表示“意外地,忽然地”。 sudden为形容词,表示“突然的;迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。‎ ‎80 on改为of 考查介词。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”,on the road表示“在路上”, the middle of the road表示“路的中央”,强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。‎ ‎2. 名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。‎ 例如第75题将 word改为words。word的意思主要是“单词,消息”,words 可以表示为word的复数,也表示某人说的话。这里指教练说的那些话,故将word改为words。‎ ‎3. 冠词错误:误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)‎ 例如第72题 first前加the或my。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天,所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my,my first day表示“我(学驾照)的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎4. 形容词和副词错误:系动词(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性动词(smell/feel)后用形容词;词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词和形容词)。‎ 例如第79题将suddenly改为sudden。suddenly是副词,表示“意外地,忽然地”。 sudden为形容词,表示“突然的;迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。‎ ‎5. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使 用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。‎ 25‎ ‎6. 非谓语动词的常见错误:不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致;介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。‎ 例如第76 题将Turning改为Turn。分析语境可知教练的话“加速”,“减速”,“左转”都是祈使句,根据前文“Speed up!” “Slow down!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故将Turning改为Turn。‎ ‎7. 介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用。‎ 例如第80题将 on改为of。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”,on the road表示“在路上”, the middle of the road表示“路的中央”,强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假定你是李华,正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括:‎ ‎(1)时间和地点;‎ ‎(2)内容:学习唐诗;‎ ‎(3)课前准备:简要了解唐朝的历史。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.词数100左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。‎ ‎【答案】‎ Dear Leslie, ‎ ‎ How are you going on these days? I guess that you must have made great progress in your Chinese study recently. I am writing to inform you I’m disposed to arrange another class for you, hoping it will be of great help in furthering you study.‎ ‎ Here are some details you should keep in mind. The first thing is the the place of our class. We are supposed to meet at the People’s Park which is close to my home at 10 o’clock on this Friday morning. More importantly, I know you are unfailing longing for knowing more about our Chinese cultural classic, Tang poem. Besides, A good brief preparation is needed before having the class. To make sure the effectiveness, you are supposed to have some knowledge of Tang dynasty.‎ If you have any question, don’t hesitate to contact me as soon as possible. Looking forward to your prompt reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 25‎ 五、2017高考考生备考指南 ‎1、试卷中大部分题目是基础题,因此,应重视基础知识,把常规题型掌握清楚。接下来的新高三一轮复习中一定要稳扎稳打,把基础知识熟练掌握,以高考模块进行系统复习,熟悉高考出题方式和考察角度。还要强调的是,平时练习过程中注意审题和答题的规范,题目越平稳越考验考生的细心和答题规范。进一步查找自己在知识和能力方面的不足之处,以便及时调整思路,明确之后的备考目标和努力方向。‎ ‎2、根据以往的经验,高考题型通常会进行创新,紧密结合现实生活热点和欧美及中国文化。因此,考生在备考当中尽可能的去适应不同的题型,同时归纳题型中的考点,学会进行知识迁移和类比。明年的考试预计会比较灵活多样,创新上面会更突出一些。考生有效应对创新题型的策略就是在掌握基本知识的基础上学会迁移应用。‎ 25‎