高考英语总复习外研版必修1第一模块学生版 17页

Book 1 Module 1　My First Day at Senior High ‎[写得准]‎ ‎[用得活]‎ ‎[积得多]‎ ‎1. n．　方法 ‎2. n. 态度 ‎3. n. 技术 ‎4. n. 制度；体系；系统 ‎5. vi. 搬家 ‎6. vt. 包含 ‎7.enthusiastic adj.热心的 ‎→ n．热心；热情 ‎8.amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的→ adj.吃惊的；惊讶的→ n．吃惊 ‎9.information n．信息 ‎→ vt.告知 ‎10.instruction n．(常作复数)指示；说明→ vt.命令；指示 ‎11.bored adj.厌烦的；厌倦的→ adj.令人厌烦的；令人厌倦的→ vt.使厌烦 ‎12.embarrassed adj.尴尬的；难堪的；困窘的→ adj.令人尴尬的；令人难堪的→‎ ‎ vt.使尴尬；使难堪 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.Jane is because her job is , which ‎ her parents.(bore)‎ ‎2.His questions made me greatly. I felt my face burning with .(embarrass)‎ ‎3.He was at the ‎ news, so there was a look on his face.(disappoint)‎ ‎4.It is an discovery so that we are all at it; to our ,_it is a disabled man who made the discovery.(amaze)‎ ‎5.Hangzhou is such an ‎ i city that it often makes a strong ‎ ‎ on visitors and its sights never fail to ‎ foreign tourists.(impress)‎ ‎6.Jerry us of the change in time and his helped us a lot.(inform)‎ ‎1.“方法”家族 ‎①method n．　　方法 ‎②way n. 方法 ‎③manner n. 方法 ‎④means n. 方法 ‎⑤approach n. 方法 ‎2.否定前缀dis单词荟萃 ‎①disappointed adj. 失望的 ‎②disappear vi. 消失 ‎③dislike vt. 不喜欢 ‎④disagree/disapprove v．不同意 ‎ ⑤discourage vt. 使泄气 ‎⑥dishonest adj. 不诚实的 ‎⑦disability n. 残疾 ‎⑧disadvantage n. 不利条件 ‎⑨discomfort n. 不舒服 ‎⑩disobey v. 不服从 ‎13.behaviour n．行为；举动→ vi.举止；表现 ‎14.description n．记述；描述→ vt.描述 ‎15.impress vt.使印象深刻→‎ ‎ n．印象→ adj.令人印象深刻的 ‎16.encouragement n．鼓励；激励→ vt.鼓励；激励 ‎17.fluency n．流利；流畅→‎ ‎ adj.流利的；流畅的→ adv.流利地；流畅地 ‎18.disappointed adj.失望的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→ n．失望 ‎7.Tom well at the party; his good ‎ ‎ delighted his parents greatly.(behave)‎ ‎8.Tracy speaks English ,_and her ‎ ‎ English made her stand out among other applicants.(fluent)‎ ‎3.“技术”一览 ‎①technology n. 技术(总称)‎ ‎②technique n. 技术；技巧 ‎③technical adj. 技术的 ‎④technician n. 技术员 ‎4.“信息；消息”全接触 ‎①information n. 信息 ‎②news n. 消息；新闻 ‎③message n. 消息；信息 ‎④word n．[U]消息→Word came that ...消息传来……‎ ‎[写得准]‎ ‎[用得活]‎ ‎[积得多]‎ ‎1. 　 与……相似 ‎2. 远离；远非 ‎3. 一点也不像；完全不 ‎4. 玩得开心 ‎5. 单独地；独自地 ‎6. 换句话说 ‎7. 期待；盼望 ‎8. ‎ ‎ 在……开始/结束的时候 ‎9. 被(划)分成……‎ ‎10. 参加 ‎11. ‎ ‎ 对……印象深刻 ‎12. 上大学 选用左栏短语填空 ‎1.He has been ‎ hearing from his lover, but no letters arrived.‎ ‎2.Without hesitation, I decided to go to the park with them and we did that day.‎ ‎3.We will go to ‎ the summer camp held by your school this July, which makes us very excited.‎ ‎4. helping improve the situation, they have made it worse.‎ ‎5.I had ‎ enough time to answer all the questions.‎ ‎1.like相关短语聚会 ‎①nothing like　　一点也不像 ‎②anything like 像……‎ ‎③something like 大概，大约 ‎④feel like 想要 ‎2.“prep.＋oneself”短语大观园 ‎①by oneself　　　　 单独地；独自地 ‎②of oneself 自动地；自发地 ‎③for oneself 为自己；独力地 ‎3.divide相关短语全扫描 ‎①be divided into 被(划)分成 ‎②divide ... into ... 把……划分成……‎ ‎③divide ...in half/in two/into halves ‎ 把……分成两部分 ‎[背原句]‎ ‎[记句式]‎ ‎[会仿用]‎ ‎1.We're using a new textbook and Ms Shen's method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school. ‎ 我们用上了新课本，沈老师的教学方法与我初中老师的完全不同。‎ that 作为替代词代替前面提到的内容。‎ 日本的气候不如台湾的温和。‎ The climate of Japan is not so mild as ‎ of Taiwan.‎ ‎2.I don't think I will be bored in Ms Shen's class! ‎ 我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的！‎ I don't think ...是否定前移结构。‎ 我认为没有必要这么早走。 it is necessary to leave so early.‎ ‎3.In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.‎ 换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。‎ ‎“three times as ...as”结构是倍数表达法。‎ 这本词典的价钱是那本的整整五倍。‎ The dictionary is exactly that one.‎ ‎4.Oh really? So have I．‎ 噢，真的吗？我也是。‎ so have I是倒装结构，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或事物。‎ 爱丽丝一回到家就对这个消息兴奋不已，我也是如此。‎ Upon her return home, Alice was filled with joy at the news. ．(2015·重庆高考改编)‎ ‎1．attitude n．态度；看法；姿态 ‎[教材原句]　Describe your attitude to studying English.‎ 描述一下你对学英语的态度。‎ attitude to/towards ...　　 对……的态度/看法 have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards ...‎ ‎ 对……持肯定/否定的态度 take/adopt a(n) ...attitude 采取……的态度 ‎①Age has ripened his attitude some things.‎ 随着年龄的增长，他对某些事情的看法日趋成熟。‎ ‎②In contrast, people who life have buried the ability to see opportunities.‎ 相对而言，对生活持否定态度的人已埋没了看到机会的能力。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜含义 ‎③The photograph has caught him in the attitude of prayer. ‎ ‎2．amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的 ‎[教材原句]　The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and classrooms are amazing.‎ 老师们很热情、友好，教室很令人吃惊。‎ ‎(1)It's amazing that ...　　　 令人惊讶的是……‎ ‎(2)amaze vt. 使惊奇，使惊诧 It amazes sb. that ... ＝What amazes sb. is that ...‎ ‎ 使某人惊讶的是……‎ ‎(3)amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊奇的 be amazed at/by ... 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 ‎(4)amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕 to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是 in amazement 惊愕地 ‎①We were amazed (learn) that she had left the hospital $18 million.‎ 得知她把1 800万美元留给了医院，我们感到很惊讶。‎ ‎②What amazed me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.‎ ‎＝ ,_the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.‎ ‎＝ the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.‎ 让我吃惊的是，这位老人捐出所有的钱来资助当地学校。‎ ‎3．instruction n．(常作复数)指示；说明 [U]指导；讲授；教育 ‎[教材原句]　Ms Shen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves.‎ 沈老师给我们作出说明，然后我们独立完成。‎ ‎(1)instruct vt. 命令；指示 instruct sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 instruct sb. in sth. 教授某人某方面的知识 ‎(2)instructive adj. 有教育意义的 ‎①But with my English teacher's patient (instruct) and help, I kept on learning, memorizing, reciting, practising, and correcting.(2014·山东高考书面表达)‎ 但是在我的英语老师耐心的指导和帮助下，我不断地学习、记忆、背诵、练习、改正。 ‎ ‎②The letter instructed him (report) to the general manager at once.‎ 那封信指示他立即向总经理报告。‎ ‎③It is the most (instruct) lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.‎ 这是自从我来到这所学校，我参加过的最有教育意义的讲座。‎ ‎[名师指津]　instruct表示“命令”时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎4．impress vt.使印象深刻；使……铭记，让……明白……(的重要性等)‎ ‎[高考佳句]　The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.(2014·广东高考阅读B)‎ 这个短语使她印象太深刻了，以至于她把短语抄了下来。‎ ‎(1)impress sb.with sth.　　 　 某事给某人留下印象 impress sth.on/upon sb./one's memory 使某人铭记某事 be impressed with/at/by ... 对……有深刻印象 ‎(2)impression n. 印象；印记 leave/have/make a(n) ...impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象 ‎(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的 ‎①The little boy his big, bright eyes the first time I saw him.‎ 第一次见到这个小男孩时，他明亮的大眼睛就给我留下了深刻的印象。‎ ‎②The first time she visited Guilin, she the scenery there.‎ 她第一次去桂林参观时，那里的景色给她留下了非常深刻的印象。‎ ‎③My first (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful ‎ young man. ‎ 我对他的第一印象就是，他是一个善良且有思想的年轻人。‎ ‎5．cover vt.包含，涉及；覆盖，掩盖；行走(路程)；看完(……页书)；(记者)采访/报道；占用(一段时间或空间)；(钱)够……用n.封面(底)；盖子 ‎[教材原句]　Secondary school in the US usually covers seven years, grades six to twelve.‎ 美国中学通常包括六到十二年级在内的七个年级。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中cover的含义 ‎①His report covered all aspects of the problem. ‎ ‎②Autumn coming, fallen leaves cover the ground. ‎ ‎③During the summer camp, children will be instructed by the teacher to cover 30 miles a day. ‎ ‎④The reporter was assigned to cover international news. ‎ ‎⑤He should get enough money from the council to cover his rent. ‎ cover ... with ...　　　 　 用……盖住…… ‎ be covered ‎⑥The wind blew in from the desert and covered everything sand.‎ 风从沙漠那边吹来，把一切都蒙上了一层沙子。‎ ‎[名师指津]　cover采访的对象是事，后面跟表示事件的名词作宾语；而interview采访的对象是人，后面跟表示人的名词作宾语。‎ Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)‎ ‎1．I didn't make his failure public to avoid seeing his (embarrass) look.‎ ‎2．The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost beyond (describe). ‎ ‎3． (amaze), she stood and stared while the police arrested her husband.‎ ‎4．Before taking the medicine, you'd better read the (instruct) carefully on the bottle.‎ ‎5．Personally, it is completely wrong of him to behave with such an attitude ‎ others and life.‎ ‎6．As a native Mandarin speaker, I can speak Mandarin clearly and (fluency),‎ ‎ and my teachers think highly of my spoken Mandarin.(2015·四川高考改编)‎ ‎7．I think we should try again (用不同的方法)．‎ ‎8．One by one, the applicants left the interviewer's office (带着失望的表情) on their faces.‎ Ⅱ.重难点多练 ‎1．impress面面观 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Even so, she impressed the world her courage and strong desire to succeed.‎ ‎②The firefighters' heroic action has left deep impression on people's minds. ‎ ‎③The first ceremony when we went into college is an (impress) one.‎ ‎(2)一句多译 他在音乐会上的表演给我留下了很深的印象。‎ ‎④He his performance at the concert.(impress v．)‎ ‎⑤I his performance at the concert.(impressed)‎ ‎⑥His performance at the concert me.(impression)‎ ‎2．cover多棱镜 单句语法填空 ‎①When I woke up, I found the ground covered snow.‎ ‎②During the Olympic Games, journalists from all over the world came ‎ ‎ (cover) the event.‎ ‎③Then, (cover) her face with her hands, she broke away and ran quickly up the stairs. ‎ Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练 根据语境选出名词system的词义 (A)制度　　　(B)系统　　　(C)身体 ‎1．Smoking is bad for your system.__ __‎ ‎2．They have an alarm system in the house.__ __‎ ‎3．As we know, he planned to end the welfare system.__ __‎ ‎1．in other words(＝that is to say)换句话说 ‎[经典例句]　The tax only affects people on incomes of over $200,000 — in other ‎ words, the very rich.(朗文P1619)‎ 这项税只影响收入在20万美元以上的人，换句话说，也就是很有钱的人。‎ in a/one word　　　　　　总之；简言之 in words 用语言；口头上 keep/break one's word 遵守诺言/食言 have a word with sb. 与某人谈话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵 Word came that ... 有消息传来……(此时word为不可数名词)‎ ‎①In word, the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society.‎ 总之，这个计划目的是鼓励学生们成为积极的市民并让他们在社会中发挥作用。‎ ‎② our women volleyball team had won the championship. ‎ 消息传来，我们的女排赢得了冠军。‎ ‎2．look forward to期望，盼望(to是介词)‎ ‎[高考佳句]　I'm looking forward to hearing from you.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)‎ 我期待着收到你的信。‎ ‎(1)look forward有时表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的。‎ ‎(2)在定语从句中常考查look forward to，其后的动词与to没有任何关系。‎ ‎①He stood up and looked forward to (see) what was going on outside.‎ 他站起来往前看，想看看外面发生了什么事情。‎ ‎②The day we were looking forward to (come) at last.‎ 我们期待的那一天终于到来了。‎ ‎3．take part in参加，参与 ‎[教材原句]　I take part in all kinds of afterschool activities — I play football, basketball, volleyball, table tennis and I go to theater club.‎ 我参加各种课外活动——我踢足球、打篮球、打排球、打乒乓球，而且我还去戏剧俱乐部。‎ ‎①A lively and caring girl, Anna, social activities.‎ 安娜是一个活泼又有爱心的女孩，她积极参加社会活动。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　 take part in, join, join in, attend 试一试　选用以上词语填空 My brother ② a law school after he left middle school. Yesterday he ‎ ‎③ a meeting held in his class. He ④ the discussion whether they would ⑤ a theater club. At last, most students signed up for it, including my brother.‎ 辨一辨　‎ ‎ take part in 指参加群众性活动、会议等，参加者持积极态度，在活动中起作用 ‎ join 指加入某个团体、组织等，并成为其中一员 ‎ join in 指参加某些小型的活动或比赛等，也可以用于join sb. in sth.‎ ‎ attend 主要指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、做礼拜、听报告等，强调的是“参加”这一动作本身，不强调参加者的作用 ‎4．In other words, there are three_times_as_many_girls_as boys.‎ 换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。‎ three times as many girls as为一种倍数表达方式，其构成形式为“倍数＋as＋many/much＋n.＋as”。‎ 三种常见表示“倍数”的句型：‎ ‎(1)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.的原级＋as ...‎ ‎(2)倍数＋adj./adv.的比较级＋than ...‎ ‎(3)倍数＋the＋性质名词(size/length/width/height/depth ...) ＋of ...‎ My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times as big as the previous one.‎ ‎＝My farm has expanded into a big one, which is the previous one.‎ ‎＝My farm has expanded into a big one, which is the previous one.‎ 我的农场已经扩展成了一个大农场，是原来的3倍大。‎ ‎[名师指津]　表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。句子中表示倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语。‎ ‎5．I_don't_think I will be bored in Ms Shen's class! ‎ 我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的！‎ 本句采用了否定转移结构。否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，它必须同时满足三个条件：‎ ‎(1)主语是第一人称I或we ‎(2)主句谓语是一般现在时 ‎(3)谓语动词应是think, believe, suppose, guess, imagine等 ‎①I I'd like to see the movie, though it is pretty good.‎ 我认为我不会看这部电影，尽管它非常好。‎ ‎②I we've met before, although I must say you do look familiar.‎ 我相信我们以前没见过面，但我必须说，你看起来的确很熟悉。‎ ‎[名师指津]　否定转移结构变成反意疑问句时，附加问句部分一般与从句一致。‎ ‎③I don't suppose that it is true, ? ‎ 我认为那不是真的，是吗？‎ Ⅰ.基础点全练 ‎1．单句语法填空 ‎①I'm going to take part the Dragon Boat Training Camp this summer.(2015·北京高考改编)‎ ‎②Society has changed and have the people in it.‎ ‎③There is nothing swimming as a means of keeping fit.‎ ‎④Owning a private car is far a dream for some Chinese peasants at present.‎ ‎⑤What they performed during the finals is similar their ordinary training.‎ ‎⑥I don't suppose they will come if it rains, they?‎ ‎⑦Everyone looks forward progress, whether in one's personal life or in the general society.‎ ‎⑧To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then of her colleagues.‎ ‎2．运用所学短语完成片段 I am a peasant worker who is working in a big city ① (远离) my hometown. The life in the city is ② (一点也不像) that of my hometown. Here I have learned to do things ③ (独自地) and I have learned some new techniques. But I don't think I will go on working here forever, because it is not my home. ‎ ‎④ (换句话说), my home is in the countryside. Sometimes I ⑤ (很开心) but more often I miss my hometown. I ⑥ (期待) going home with new techniques and making my hometown better and better.‎ Ⅱ.重难点多练 ‎1．word相关短语点点练 选词填空 in other words， in a/one word， in words ‎①I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by other people — ,_I was wasting my time.‎ ‎② ,_my study will be much better with my full devotion to it.‎ ‎③The old workers instruct the young workers not only but in deeds.‎ ‎2．倍数表达句型全方位 句型转换 This hospital is three times as large as that one.‎ ‎→This hospital is three times that one.‎ ‎→This hospital is three times that one.‎ ‎[课堂练基础]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．We are looking forward to (have) your early reply to this matter.‎ ‎2．The weather of this week is worse than of last week.‎ ‎3．What is your attitude senior high students taking up a parttime job?‎ ‎4．Our city has experienced twice as rain this year as it did last year.‎ ‎5．There is nothing a good cry to get all your worries out of you.‎ ‎6．The art show was far a failure; it was a great success.‎ ‎7．Be sure to follow the (instruct) given by the teacher while doing this chemical experiment.‎ ‎8．If you go to attend the party to be held tonight, will I.‎ ‎9．The newspapers keep us (inform) of what is going on around us at any time.‎ ‎10．They asked him to leave — in words, he was fired.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Anything will become bored if you do it repeatedly. ‎ ‎2．They can not read or write well enough to understand the instruction on a medicine bottle. ‎ ‎3．I don't expect you can finish the work in three days, can't you？ ‎ ‎4．There was a disappointing look on her face when she saw the result. ‎ ‎5．At our factory there are a few machines similar to it described in this magazine.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6．We are looking forward to receive your email in no time. ‎ ‎7．It was amazed that the boy was able to solve the problem so quickly. ‎ ‎8．Now it is very easy and quick to get informations from the Internet with just a computer. ‎ Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练 ‎(一)依据提示补全短文 My friend Li Hua did very well in the College Entrance Examination; that is to say, he (上大学) successfully. (在……的开始) being in college he found college life was completely different from that in the middle school. He didn't adapt to the college life and sometimes he was tired of learning.‎ ‎①With the teacher's (指导和鼓励), he gradually adapted to it and developed a (对生活的积极态度). He (参加) all kinds of activities. Besides his majors, Li Hua learned more about (信息技术) and learned to speak fluent English. ②He believed in this way he could ‎ (给……留下好印象) his teachers and classmates. He was ‎ (期待) becoming a successful man in society in the future.‎ ‎(二)按要求将词汇句式升级 ‎1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分 ‎(1)that is to say→ ‎ ‎(2)completely different from→ ‎ ‎(3)tired of→ ‎ ‎2．按要求进行句式改写 ‎(1)用强调句型改写句①‎ It_ he gradually adapted to it and developed a good attitude towards/to life.‎ ‎(2)用only倒装句改写句②‎ He believed ‎ ‎[课下练高考]‎ 阅读理解提速练——练速度 ‎(限时：20分钟)‎ A ‎(2016·江西重点中学盟校第一次联考)Students wishing to safeguard their careers against changes in the job market should opt for science rather than arts degrees, according to a survey of undergraduates.‎ Engineering and chemistry were considered to be the most “future proof”， as they are courses most likely to lead to an enduring and adaptable career.‎ Students polled by Pearson College were broadly optimistic that their chosen courses would prepare them for a world in which the job market could change dramatically during their working lives.‎ But opinion was sharply divided over which degrees were best for futureproof careers.‎ Eightytwo percent of respondents believed engineering would help develop futureproof skills, with 74 percent believing the same of chemistry and 73 percent of computer science.‎ But just 33 percent of undergraduates believed history would lead to a futureproof career, and 40 percent English.‎ However more than two thirds of students (67 percent) thought the world of work would be significantly different or completely unrecognizable in 20 years.‎ The findings, published today, come after Education Secretary Nicky Morgan sparked controversy with claims that teenagers should steer clear of the arts and humanities and opt for science or maths subjects if they want to access the widest range of jobs.‎ She said that in previous decades students would only take maths or science if they wanted to pursue a specific career such as medicine or pharmacy, but nowadays that “couldn't_be_further_from_the_truth”. ‎ ‎“If you wanted to do something different, or even if you didn't know what you wanted to do ... then the arts and humanities were what you chose. Because they were useful — we were told — for all kinds of jobs. Of course now we know that couldn't be further from the truth, and that the subjects that keep young people's options open and unlock doors to all sorts of careers are the STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects.”‎ She also described maths as “the subject that employers value most” and said that pupils who study Alevel maths will earn 10 percent more over their lifetime.‎ ‎“These figures show us that too many young people are making choices aged 15 which will hold them back for the rest of their lives.”she said.‎ ‎1．In order to guarantee your future job, which kind of courses will you choose according to the survey?‎ A．Engineering or English.‎ B．History or Maths.‎ C．Maths or Art.‎ D．Engineering or Chemistry.‎ ‎2．What's the students' attitude towards their chosen courses?‎ A．Doubtful.　　　　　　　　 B．Worried.‎ C．Optimistic. D．Objective.‎ ‎3．How do you understand the underlined words?‎ A．It is far away from the truth.‎ B．It's to the truth.‎ C．It couldn't be closer to the truth.‎ D．It reflects the truth.‎ ‎4．What did Nicky Morgan indicate in her claim?‎ A．If you want to do something different, the arts and humanities are what you choose now.‎ B．STEM subjects can make young people choose their future jobs freely.‎ C．At college, young people should make choices for their lives.‎ D．Maths and science are considered to be the subjects that employers value most.‎ B ‎(2016·济南市高三调研)For twenty years, I saved all my college course notes and textbooks: that's a lot of paper.‎ Worse, it's not easy to carry them around — and trust me, they aren't light — on at least seven moves. Yet I never once looked at them. They sat in our basement, covered in a thick layer of dust. If books and papers could wonder, they'd wonder why they were still under our stairs after all those years. When would the Big Day come?‎ Well, the Big Day eventually did arrive; only it was different than expected. My wife, always more accepting changes than I am, finally talked me into clearing out the entire mess.‎ The pain I experienced was also unexpected. What hurt me was to come across those terrible papers I'd written, which reminded me of my poor study habits, and an embarrassing lack of comprehension. It was great to get rid of them. But it was also a clearing of personal history.‎ At first, I struggled with this. The truth was in the record that my books, my notes, and my papers were primary source materials, documenting an important time in my life. To clear them out was to clear out the truth.‎ What I've learned since taking this leap is that the process is more important than the truth. I feel as if much of my real education during my college years isn't in the documents but now in me.‎ So I am glad to free myself of this physical burden. And what's better is that I don't need to look back to those painful moments. They belong to the past.‎ You might want to consider doing something similar, either under the stairs of ‎ your basement or in your mind.‎ What is the personal rubbish piling in your life? Clear it out and make your life awesome.‎ ‎5．Why was the author finally determined to desert all the college materials?‎ A．Because his wife persuaded him to.‎ B．Because they were of no use at all.‎ C．Because they were heavy on the moves.‎ D．Because they occupied space too long.‎ ‎6．The author struggled at the very beginning for ________.‎ A．a sense of pain B．a sense of embarrassment C．a sense of regret for the past D．a sense of losing part of his history ‎7．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A．The past experiences.‎ B．The wasted collegerelated materials.‎ C．The rubbish in the basement.‎ D．Physical and psychological mess.‎ ‎8．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Let It Go B．Sort It Out C．Give up the Past D．Forget the History C ‎(2016·四川省南充市第三次适应性考试)Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.‎ One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.‎ They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner's Dilemma. The game is based on the tension (紧张气氛) between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.‎ Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings were. The group with the most punishment earned twentyfive ‎ percent less than the group with the least punishment. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.‎ The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More ‎ than eight hundred children aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children aged five to nine.‎ The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs — or intelligence quotients — of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.‎ Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation. Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children. He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.‎ ‎9．Which could be the best title of the passage?‎ A．Punishment B．The Best Way to Influence Behavior C．Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?‎ D．Two Recent Studies ‎10．The underlined word “spanked” probably means “______”．‎ A．won B．punished C．tested D．praised ‎11．According to the passage, the researchers may agree the best way to influence behavior is ________.‎ A．rewarding good behavior B．correcting bad behavior C．punishing badlybehaved children D．praising wellbehaved children ‎12．The author develops the passage ________.‎ A．in order of time B．in order of importance C．by describing his experiences D．by using quotations (引证) and statistics