英语高考试题—辽宁卷解析版 13页

‎2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(辽宁卷)‎ 英语详细【解析】版 ‎ ‎ 本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ ‎ 第一卷 注意事项：‎ ‎1．答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2．选出每小题【答案】后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的【答案】标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他【答案】标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。‎ ‎ 第一部分 听力 （略）‎ 第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ ‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 例: We last night, but we went to the concert instead,‎ ‎ A. must have studied B. might study ‎ C. should have studied D. would study ‎21. If you __ go, at least wait until the storm is over.‎ A. can B. may C. must D. will ‎25. No matter how , it is not necessarily lifeless.‎ A. a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may be C. may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert be ‎29. He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering. ‎ A. since B. as C. when D. than ‎【答案】：D ‎【解析】：考查no sooner…than.表示一……就; 根据句子意思“他一完成讲话学生就开始欢呼。”since既然；as作为； when 当什么时候； ‎ ‎30. around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. ‎ A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering ‎【答案】：C ‎【解析】：考查非谓语，表示时间状语从句。根据句子意思“围在火堆边，游客和当地人跳起舞来。因此选C。to do不定式表示目的， to be doing 一般做表语。‎ ‎31. Bring the flowers into a warm room they'll soon open.‎ A. or B. and C. but D. for ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：考查祈使句和连词,表示并列关系，因此选B。or 或者； but但是；for 因为。‎ ‎32. When the news came the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.‎ A. since B. which C. that D. because ‎【答案】：C ‎【解析】：考查同位语从句，he war broke out是对news的解释说明，根据句子意思“当战争爆发的消息传来，他决定去部队服役。因此选C。since既然；which表示物的关系词；because 因为。‎ ‎33. a strange plant! I've never seen it before. ‎ A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：考查感叹句， What+a+adj+n.!How后面是跟形容词。 根据句子意思“‎ 真奇怪的植物，我从来没看见过这种植物”。‎ ‎34. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college.‎ A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated ‎【答案】：D ‎【解析】：考查动词时态，By the time 截止到过去某时间为止做了某事，用过去完成时态。 A是一般过去时；B是现在完成时；C是过去完成进行时。根据句子意思“截止到Jack从英国返家，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。‎ ‎35.—I probably shouldn't have any more cake.‎ ‎ —Oh, . It won't kill you.‎ A. go ahead B. hold on, please C. you're welcome D. that'll do ‎【答案】：A ‎【解析】：考查交际，go ahead继续；hold on, please等一会；you're welcome欢迎；that'll do可以了。根据句子意思“我可能不应该再吃了。哦，继续吃吧，没什么事”‎ 第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) ‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各愿所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．‎ ‎ This year I decided to do something to regain my good name as a kindly uncle. My 36 Tony,had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year. His 37 had no reason to be thankful to me either,because the year before, I had 38 their dear son with a pot of paste(浆糊) and some funny pictures. Instead of 39 them into a book, Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them. This year, 40 , I decided to let him 41 for himself.‎ ‎ We went into a big shop,but Tony was very particular about 42 . Although I tried to show him toy after toy,he was not to be 43 . Then I saw he suddenly became 44 ; he had discovered something he really liked: a large tin dram. I was quite happy too 45 I thought what Tony’s mother would say when she saw it. Nobody would get any 46 for weeks! I led Tony away 47 , saying that the dram was too expensive.‎ ‎ Tony asked for permission to go off 48 and I made the most of my chance to sit down end 49 my aching feet. Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony. I began to get 50 and got up to look for him. I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit. She looked 51 her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many 52 ‎ in grey suits. I was just going to call the police for help,when I saw a strange 53 dressed in strange orange clothes. He was wearing a false beard and had a caveman’s axe(斧子)in one hand,and a space gun in the other. It was, of course,Tony, who informed me 54 that he was the first 55 to fly into space.‎ ‎36. A. cousin B. daughter C. grandson D. nephew ‎【答案】：D ‎【解析】：由上文as a kindly uncle可知是作者的侄子选D。cousin 表兄；daughter女儿；grandson孙子。‎ ‎37. A. friends B. parents C. classmates D. brothers ‎43. A. pleased B. disturbed C. accepted D. disappointed ‎【答案】：A ‎【解析】：由上文可知，侄子都不满意。disturbed烦恼；accepted 接受；disappointed失望。‎ ‎44. A. surprised B. hopeful C. patient D. excited ‎【答案】：D ‎【解析】：这应该是兴奋。surprised 吃惊的；hopeful希望地；patient耐心的。‎ ‎45. A. after B. until C. unless D. since ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：直到什么时间。after以后；unless除非；since 既然。‎ ‎46. A. shock B. trouble C. peace D. time ‎【答案】：C ‎【解析】：由下文可知道，选C。shock震惊；trouble 麻烦；time时间。‎ ‎47. A. happily B. eagerly C. cautiously D. quickly ‎【答案】：D ‎【解析】：想起了侄子妈妈说的，于是就很快离开。Happily高兴地；eargerly渴望地；cautiously小心地。‎ ‎48. A. on his own B. in his way C. now and then D. more or less ‎【答案】：A ‎【解析】：以侄子的方式。Now and then 时不时地；more or less 或多或少。‎ ‎49. A. drag B. rest C. lay D. step ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：让脚休息。drag 拖；lay搁置；step 踏步。‎ ‎50. A. ashamed B. angry C. worried D. doubtful 第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) ‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) ‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．‎ ‎ A I got my first driver’s license(执照)in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte,North Carolina. Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman. Henry and I were living in Baltimore‎, ‎Maryland. Two weeks before my 20th birthday, Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon. When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Catrolina driver’s license,ready to renew, the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21. “Mr. Henry Smith, your husband, will have to sign for you,” he said.‎ I argued,pointing to a very lage belly(肚子)of mine,”I am married. I am having a baby. Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive?” He answered coldly, “It’s the law, madam?” Henry encouraged me to calm down,just go ahead and get the license and be done with it “No.” I said. I refused to have him sign for me. So I left without a Maryland license.‎ I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mail-using my name Susan Brown. And thus it was for the next twelve years. Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home state license. By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland, and I had to take the Maryland driver’s exam. Since then I just go in and renew every four years-sign the name Susan Brown,have my new picture taken, and walk out with a license to drive.‎ ‎56. Susan got her first driver's license .‎ A. before she got married to Henry B. when she was twenty years old C. after she finished high school D. when she just moved to ‎Maryland ‎【答案】：A ‎【解析】：细节理解题。由第1段可知拿证4年后作者20岁，排除B，由第1句知道是作者在中学第1年取得的驾驶证，排除C，领了证件4年后作者和丈夫在Maryland排除D。选A。‎ ‎57. Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because .‎ A. she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law B. she lacked driving experience in ‎Maryland C. she was to give birth to a baby soon D. she insisted on signing for herself ‎【答案】：D ‎【解析】：细节理解。由第3段I refused to have him sign for me. So I left without a Maryland license.‎ 可知选D。‎ ‎58. We can infer from the text that in the U.S.‎ .‎ A. American males should serve in the army B. different states my have different laws ‎ C. people have to renew their licenses in their home states D. women should adopt their husbands' family names after marriage ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：推断题，由续办驾驶证到后来从新考驾驶证可看出选B。‎ ‎ B ‎ About 21,000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings.‎ Instead, they receive their elementary(初等)and high school education by working at home on computers.The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools.”and that is about twice as many as two years ago.‎ ‎ The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live. Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools. They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well.‎ Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed. These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools. They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school.‎ Whatever the judgement of cyberschools,they are getting more and more popular. For example, a new cyberschool called Commonwealth‎ Connections ‎Academy will take in students this fall. It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen.‎ Children get free equipment for their online education. This includes a computer,a printer,books and technical services. Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary.‎ Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another. But 56 such students who finished studies at Western‎ Pennsylvania Cyber Charter ‎School recently met for the first time. They were guests of honor at their graduation.‎ ‎59. What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool?‎ A. They have to take long bus rides to school.‎ B. They study at home rather than in classrooms.‎ C. They receive money from traditional public schools.‎ D. They do well in traditional school programs.‎ ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：由文章About 21,000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings.‎ Instead, they receive their elementary(初等)and high school education by working at home on computers.可知B。‎ ‎60. What is a problem with cyberschools?‎ A. Their equipment costs a lot of money.‎ B. They get little support from the state government.‎ C. It is hard to know students' progress in learning.‎ D. The students find it hard to make friends.‎ C ‎ Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line. ‎ ‎ In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.‎ ‎ The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.‎ ‎ The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream. Ford said: "I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one." ‎ ‎ The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals.They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years.‎ ‎63. What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?‎ A. He made good use of ideas from others. ‎ B. He produced the first car in the world. ‎ C. He knew how to improve auto parts.‎ D. He invented the production line.‎ ‎【答案】：A ‎【解析】：细节题。由文章What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better.可选A。‎ ‎64. Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race? ‎ A. To show off his driving skills. ‎ B. To draw public attention.‎ C. To learn about new technology. ‎ D. To raise money for his new company. ‎ ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：细节题。由文章第3段The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.可得出 B。 ‎ ‎65. “That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to .‎ A. the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices ‎ B. the sale of Model T to the mass of people ‎ C. the selling of a car to a Detroit doctor D. the sales target for the Ford Company ‎【答案】：C ‎【解析】：猜测词义，有上文In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company.可知。‎ ‎66. What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text? ‎ A. Producing cars for average customers.‎ B. Building racing cars of simple design. ‎ C. Designing more car models.‎ D. Starting more companies.‎ ‎【答案】：A ‎ ‎【解析】：细节题，由I will build a motor car for the great mass of people可选A。‎ ‎ D The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States. It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population, and some of which fight for the passing of laws that of over two hundred million people living in the United States,up to three million are homeless—and the number is still growing. Since the late 1970s,fast rising house prices,large cuts in government supported housing programs, and economic recession(经济衰退)have made it impossbile for many Americans to meet housing costs. Sadly, this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes. According to another research,families with children appear to be the fastest-growing part of the homeless ‎ population, making up 39% of it.The old idea of a homeless person,that of the single man who gets drunk all the time,is no longer true. A much lager part of the population now finds itself homeless. Even worse, once a person becomes homeless, he often finds it impossible to find a job,since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job applicaton. ‎ ‎67. The word “address” in the first line probably means .‎ A. talk about B. deal with C. fight for D. write to ‎【答案】：B ‎【解析】：猜测词义题。由后文It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population, and some of which fight for the passing of laws that of over two hundred million people living in the United States,可得出选B。‎ ‎68. How many people are homeless in the U.S.‎ according to the Coalition studies?‎ A. 39% of the population. B. 200 million people.‎ C. About 3 million people. D. About one-fifth of the population.‎ ‎【答案】：C ‎【解析】：细节题，由up to three million are homeless可得出C。‎ ‎69. Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job because .‎ A. they have no home addresses B. they mostly have a drinking problem C. they aren't supported by government programs D. they often don't have enough work experience ‎【答案】：A ‎【解析】：细节题，由he often finds it impossible to find a job,since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job applicaton.可知。‎ ‎70. What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the U.S.‎?‎ A. The passing of new housing laws. B. The fast growth of family size. ‎ C. The slow construction of houses. D. The ever-rising price of housing.‎ ‎【答案】：D ‎【解析】：细节题，由fast rising house prices,large cuts in government supported housing programs, and economic recession(经济衰退)可知选D。‎ 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分l0分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.‎ ‎1. 72 ‎ People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study. 73 ‎ Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. There's evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.‎ ‎2. Go for a walk.‎ Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74 ‎ ‎3. Learn something new.‎ Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 Or go dancing with your friends.‎ A.Focus on the future.‎ B.This can be especially harmful to the aged.‎ C.It should be something like learning gardening.‎ D.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading. ‎ E.But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events.‎ F.Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.‎ G.In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.‎ ‎【答案】：71.F 72.A 73.E 74.G 75.C ‎【解析】：‎ 思维过程：‎ 由文章中的1，2，3及1下面的内容，确定72选A。‎ 由Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.选出73为E。‎ 由exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain确定74为G。‎ 由the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 Or go dancing with your friends.确定75选C。‎ 由文章大意得出71选F。‎ 第二卷 注意：将【答案】写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ 第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有l0处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（√)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(／)划掉．‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改l0处，多者(从第11处起)不计分．‎ ‎(试题内容见答题卡)‎ In early January this year, the rate of UFO reports were steady,around three per weeks. When, however, on Monday, January 16, a science fiction film about visitors to outer space was shown on television,there was the immediate increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States. The commanding officer,Wayne Tyler,who (is) directly responsible for the study all such repsorts,decided to making his findings known. They wrote an article,which said that all UFO reports could be explained for quite naturally by aircraft movements. Follow this explanation,there was a rapid drop in the number of reported sightings,because the rate remainded above the previous level.‎ 注：文章红色部分为需要修改的地方！‎ 第1个考查 主谓一致，were—was;‎ 第2个考查 名词单复数 weeks--week 第3个考查 介词从外面来，介词应该用from.‎ 第4个考查冠词 the--a 第5个考查非限制性定语从句 注意be responsible for 表示对什么负责。‎ 第6个考查非谓语 decide to do sth.‎ 第7个考查代词 指代前面Wayne Tyler，因此用he。‎ 第8个考查非谓语做状语用following.‎ 第9个考查动词explain是及物动词，不需要介词。去掉for.‎ 第10个考查连词 because 表示原因，根据上文应该是表示转折关系的连词。‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，将与今年七月从新星外语学校毕业，你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括下列要点：‎ 1． 年龄；‎ 2． 学习情况及英语水平；‎ 3． 兴趣和特长；‎ 4． 性格特点。‎ 注意： 1.词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎ 3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。‎ 作文点评：2010年辽宁作文是要求考生写招聘信息，今年延续去年要求考生写求职信。注意不要遗漏要点！‎ 参考范文 Dear Sir/Madam,‎ I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. I’m really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.‎ I’m 18 years old and will be graduating from Xinxing‎ Foreign Language ‎School this July. I’m an excellent student,among the top ‎5 in my class of 50 students. I’m good at English, especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time, I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.‎ I’m looking forwardto your reply.‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎