2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案（十六） 25页

2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（十六） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Are you driven to create change in bettering kids’ futures? Here are a few options. Education Going after a career in education is sometimes overlooked. Yet teaching is an important path to creating change. You will educate the young minds responsible for the future. In addition to presenting basic school subjects, you can teach them to be leaders. You can motivate them to want to make a difference themselves. A career in education doesn’t have to mean leaching in a classroom. You can help them to learn in a way that works for them and be a friend to them as well. Social work As a social worker, you can directly change the lives of children in need as well advocate for services for drug abusers, family-violence survivors, mental-health patients, and more. You will provide them with the necessary resources to succeed and advise them through trauma (精神创伤), unemployment, education difficulties, addiction and poverty. Many social workers are associated with governmental agencies, but there are also jobs in schools, nonprofit organizations and hospitals. Child psychology Studying child psychology may lead to a career option. Psychologists can provide support for children with mental-health problems and give them a place to be open about their feelings. You may wish to become a school psychologist and guide children (and their parents) through the education system while dealing with mental illness or trauma. As a psychologist, you will help your patients find the source of trauma or stress and discover ways of reducing or removing the problem. You may even conduct your own research on new treatment methods. 1. Which educational concept does the author support? A. Working with students’ group leaders. B. Teaching children according to their interests. C. Keeping teaching children in the classroom. D. Encouraging students to make a change themselves. 2. Who will social workers help most probably? A. Governmental officials. B. Local business agents. C. Children with education difficulties. D. Women suffering from family violence. 3. Which career mainly deals with children with mental illness? A. Educators. B. School leaders. C. Social workers. D. School psychologists. 文章大意：这是一篇应用文。本文讲了三种帮助儿童有更好的未来的途径，分别是教育， 社会工作者以及儿童心理学家，分别说明了儿童有什么问题，可以寻求哪些帮助等等。 1.D 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 文 章 Education 部 分 下 的 You will educate the young minds responsible for the future. In addition to presenting basic school subjects, you can teach them to be leaders. You can motivate them to want to make a difference themselves.(你要教育孩子们对将来负责。除了给他们提供基本的学校科目外，你可以教他们 成为领导，你可以激励他们改变自己)可知，作者支持的观点是，教育孩子自己做出改变。D. Encouraging students to make a change themselves.(鼓励孩子自己做出改变)符合以上说 法，故选 D 项。 2.C 细节理解题。由文章 Social work 部分下的 As a social worker, you can directly change the lives of children in need as well advocate for services for drug abusers, family-violence survivors, mental-health patients, and more.(作为一个社工，你可以直接 改变有需要的孩子的生活，并提倡为吸毒者、家暴幸存者、心理健康患者等提供服务)可知， 作为社工最有可能帮助到的是孩子。C. Children with education difficulties.(有教育问题的 孩子)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 3.D 细节理解题。根据 Child psychology 部分下的 As a psychologist, you will help your patients find the source of trauma or stress and discover ways of reducing or removing the problem.(心理学家可以为有心理健康问题的儿童提供支持，给他们一个敞开 心扉的空间)可知，成为学校心理学家能帮助有精神有疾病的孩子。故选 C 项。 B One peaceful afternoon, I open a photo album. I turn to a photo of a nice old man I had the honor to meet once. The memories rush back. That old man was not only kind, but also a legend. He was once one of the glorious “Flying Tigers”. The “Flying Tigers” were also known as the American Volunteer Group. They served in China before the United States officially got involved in World War Ⅱ. They fought bravely for us against the Japanese. Only a few of them are still alive. Louis T. Sneddon was a tail gunner and assistant engineer with the 14th Air Force near Kunming. I expected to meet a serious man, but in fact Louis was kind and always smiled at me. “I’m happy to be back in your home after 60 years. China has been in my heart although far away,” he said to me. I was astonished when he told me his story. He finished 30 to 40 flying tasks, with over 900 hours of flight time. The main task was to patrol (巡逻) and attack ships moving between Japan, China and the Pacific islands. Bomb runs would fly low under the radar, drop their bombs and fly over the ships. These were considered to be the most dangerous missions of the war. “Were you ever afraid?” I asked. “I don’t know. Well, I didn’t think much about it. I just… did it,” he said, with a smile on his face. “ But I was fortunate. The 10-member crew of my plane all returned alive.” He was badly wounded, but he did not report his wounds and kept flying. His bravery and spirit deeply moved me, while his personality taught me a life-lesson. “Make every day count.” His words ring in my mind. But the important thing I learnt from him was that we need to overcome our fear. Sometimes we think too much about the consequences, when we should really breathe deeply and take the brave, necessary step. 4. When did the “Flying Tigers” serve in China? A. When World War II broke out. B. Before the US was formally drawn into World War Ⅱ. C. When America got the final victory in World War Ⅱ. D. After China declared war against Japan. 5. Which of the following is TRUE about Louis T. Sneddon’s main task? A. It was extremely difficult and dangerous. B. Louis T. Sneddon had to fly for 900 hours in this task. C. No one but Louis T. Sneddon survived in this task. D. Louis T. Sneddon was slightly wounded in this task. 6. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Tiger of a Man B. A Photo Album C. Flying Tasks D. The American Volunteer Group 7. What was the intention of the author to write this passage? A. To memorize a brave soldier. B. To tell us a lesson of being optimistic. C. To share his experience with us. D. To appeal for peace forever. 文章大意：本文为记叙文。文章讲述“我”在翻看相册时，一位曾经见过一次而引以为荣 的老人勾起了“我”对他的回忆，那就是传奇式人物——二战“飞虎队”成员之一的 Louis T. Sneddon。他的勇敢深深地打动着“我”。 4.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“They served in China before the United States officially got involved in World War Ⅱ.”他们在美国正式参加二战之前在中国服役。故选 B。 5.A 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中 The main task was to patrol (巡逻) and attack ships moving between Japan, China and the Pacific islands. Bomb runs would fly low under the radar, drop their bombs and fly over the ships.These were considered to be the most dangerous missions of the war.（主要任务是巡逻和攻击在日本，中国和太平洋岛屿 之间航行的船只。 炸弹会在雷达下低空飞行，投下炸弹，然后飞过船只。这些被认为是这次 战争中最危险的任务）。由此可知，Louis T. Sneddon 的任务是极其困难和危险的。故选 A。 6.A 标题判断题。根据文章第一段中 One peaceful afternoon, I open a photo album. I turn to a photo of a nice old man I had the honor to meet once. The memories rush back. That old man was not only kind, but also a legend. He was once one of the glorious “Flying Tigers”.（一个宁静的下午，我打开一本相册。我转向一张我有幸见过一 次面的和蔼可亲的老人的照片。记忆就会涌上心头。那位老人不仅善良，而且是个传奇人物。 他曾经是光荣的“飞虎队”之一）由此可知，文章主要讲述了“我”在翻看相册时，一位曾经 见过一次而引以为荣的老人勾起了“我”的回忆，那就是传奇式人物——二战“飞虎队”成 员之一的 Louis T. Sneddon。故本文是介绍曾是“飞虎队”成员之一的 Louis T. Sneddon。 故 A 项（“飞虎队”成员之一）作为标题能够概括文章中心，较为贴切。故选 A。 7.A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段 The memories rush back. That old man was not only kind, but also a legend. He was once one of the glorious “Flying Tigers”.（记忆就会 涌上心头。那位老人不仅善良，而且是个传奇人物。他曾经是光荣的“飞虎队”之一）以及全 文判断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念一个勇敢的战士。故选 A。 C If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North America - and their Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic-wrapped snacks, their plastic waste would likely still be around four centuries later. Atlantic waves and sunlight would have worn all that plastic into tiny bits. And those bits might still be floating around the world’s oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oyster, and finally perhaps by one of us. Because plastic wasn’t invented until the late 19th century, and its production only really took off around 1950, we have a mere 9. 2 billion tons of the stuff to deal with. Of that, more than 6. 9 billion tons have become waste. And of that waste, a surprising 6. 3 billion tons never made it to a recycling bin - the figure that shocked the scientists who published the numbers in 2017. No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth’ s last sink. In 2015, Jenna Jambeck, a University of Georgia engineering professor, caught everyone’ s attention with a rough estimate: between 5. 3 million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each year just come from coastal regions. Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine( 海 洋 的 )animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. Some are harmed visibly, stuck by abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed invisibly. Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than one-fifth of an inch across. “This isn’t a problem where we don’t know what the solution is,” says Ted Siegler, a Vermont resource economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing nations on garbage. “We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle.”It’s a matter of building the necessary institutions and systems, he says, ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic. 8. Why does the author mention the Pilgrims in paragraph 1? A. To prove plastic was difficult to invent. B. To introduce what marine animals like eating. C. To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection. D. To show plastic waste has a lasting effect on the ocean. 9. What’s the main trouble marine animals face according to the text? A. Lacking protection. B. Being stuck by plastics. C. Being caught by humans. D. Treating plastics as food. 10. What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. Some people don’t know the solution of plastics waste. B. Plastics will turn the ocean into a soup of plastic. C. It’s time to take measures to deal with plastic waste. D. People should avoid using plastics to protect the ocean. 11. From which is the text probably taken? A. A biology textbook. B. A travel brochure. C. An environmental report. D. A lifestyle magazine. 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。如今塑料垃圾已经严重地污染了我们的环境，尤其是海洋环 境，人类应该采取错误改变这一现状。 8.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中 And those bits might still be floating around the world’ s oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oyster, and finally perhaps by one of us.可知这些碎片今天可能还漂浮在世界各地的海洋里，等着被一些鱼或牡蛎吃掉，最后可 能被我们中的一个吃掉。由此可推知，作者在第一段中提到朝圣者是为了表明塑料垃圾对海洋 有持久的影响。故选 D。 9.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than one-fifth of an inch across.可知各种大小的 海洋生物，从浮游动物到鲸鱼，现在都吃塑料微粒，这些微粒的直径小于五分之一英寸。由此 可知，海洋动物面临的主要问题是把塑料当作食物。故选 D。 10.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle.” It’s a matter of building the necessary institutions and systems, he says, ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic.可知“我们知道怎么捡垃圾。任何人都可以做到。我们知道如何处理它。我 们知道如何回收。” 他说，关键是要建立必要的制度和体系，最好是在海洋变成一锅薄薄的塑 料汤之前。由此可推知，Ted Siegler 在最后一段想告诉我们是采取措施处理塑料垃圾的时候 了。故选 C。 11.C 推理判断题。根据文章内容主要是关于海洋垃圾和海洋生物保护的，由此可推知，这篇 文章可能来自一份环境报告。故选 C。 D Living with your parents has its benefits at least when it comes to raising your kids― their grandkids. Two new studies add to the evidence that grandmothers can enhance the survival of grandchildren. That is, unless grandma's too old or lives too far away. Humans are unusual in that the females live long past the age at which they stop having babies. Patrick Bergeron, professor of biology at Bishop's University in Quebec, said that most of the organisms will reproduce up to their very last moment. This increase is often explained by the so-called "grandmother effect". He thinks there could still be a benefit for women who stop having babies to increase their genetic footprint by helping their daughters to raise larger families. To explore the "grandmother effect" hypothesis （ 假 设 ）， Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years' worth of French-Canadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough. In some years, a third o£ the kids were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that having a grandmother still alive was a definite plus."Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was much improved." This beneficial effect was only seen when the matriarchs （女家长）lived nearby. That role is tougher for them to fulfills as they get older in poor health, which brings us to the second study. The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, though, rather than wickedness （邪恶）on the part of co- resident grandmothers. So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river and through the woods to grandmother's house" isn't too long a trip. 12. What's the second paragraph mainly about? A. Differences between animals and human beings. B. Disadvantages of living with grandmas C. Grandmothers' influence on the kids. D. What's called“grandmother effect”. 13. How does the writer describe about the French-Canadian population more than three hundred years ago? A. By voicing opinions. B. By providing facts. C. By giving examples. D. By telling stories. 14. What can we infer from the second study? A. Society should be concerned about the old women. B. Grandmothers over 75 years old are unwilling to help. C. Some grandmothers may occupy kids' relative recourses. D. Some grandmothers are getting wicked after they are old. 15. Which of the following can be the most helpful grandmother according to the passage? A. A healthy one living nearby. , B. A healthy one living abroad. C. An old one living in a nursing home. D. A knowledgeable one living together. 文章大意：本文为议论文。文章论述了什么是“祖母效应”，以及“祖母效应”对子孙辈的 好处。 12.D 主旨大意题。分析第二段的内容可知，本段主要叙述了人类的不同寻常之处在于，雌 性的寿命远远超过了停止生育的年龄。大多数生物会一直繁殖到生命的最后一刻。Patrick Bergeron，魁北克 Bishop 大学的生物学教授说。生育后寿命的延长通常可以用“祖母效应” 来解释。他认为，对于那些停止生育的女性仍然可以通过帮助女儿组建更大的家庭来增加她们 的基因足迹。由此可知，本段主要对于什么是“祖母效应”进行了解释和说明。故本题选 D。 13.B 推理判断题。第三段 Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years' worth of French-Canadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough. In some years, a third of the kids were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that having a grandmother still alive was a definite plus. "Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was much improved." Brgeron 和他的同事研 究了 17 和 18 世纪(三百多年前)近 200 年的法裔加拿大人口记录。当时的生活很艰难。那些 年里三分之一的孩子甚至活不到一岁。但研究人员发现，有一位仍然健在的祖母无疑是一个优 势。“有祖母的家庭可能要多活两岁左右，这些孙辈活到 15 岁的几率大大提高”由此可知， 本段以三百年前的法裔加拿大人的事实（具体的数据）为依据说明有祖母的好处。故选 B 。 14.C 推理判断题。根据第四段... The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, ... 研究人员发现，有祖母在身边的好处取决于她的年龄， 一旦祖母到了 75 岁，孙辈的生存福利就消失了。 这几乎可以肯定是由于某种形式的间接资 源竞争。由此可推断出，当祖母老了，有些祖母可能会占用孩子相关的资源。分析选项可知 C 项符合题意，故选 C。 15.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段 So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river and through the woods to grandmother's house" isn't too long a trip.”所以一个健康的奶奶有助于一个健康的孙子。如果“过河穿过树林到外婆家” 不是一次很长的旅行。文事的“过河穿过树林到外婆家”意味着离外婆家不远。由以上的内容 可推断出，一个健康的且住在附近不远的祖母对于一个健康的孙子来说很有帮助。故选 A。 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 The earth gives us life. 16. However, the human beings that don’t appreciate the earth, let harmful gases cause pollution and kill millions of animals living here with us, don’t deserve the planet and should be punished and pay the price. The earth lets us breathe. 17. . It’s totally wrong to destroy nature and take what we have for granted. Never take what you have for granted, because one day it could all be gone. If you have already worked for or managed a factory that lets off harmful gases, or if you have gone hunting and killed something that share harmony with us, there is no way to make it up to our planet. 18. I can’t hear what our planet is saying. No one really knows that, but I know that if I were the earth and someone didn’t care about the life I gave them so trustingly, I wouldn’t forgive them. 19. The only thing that really matters and helps is to just take care of the life around you. Respect it and appreciate it and don’t ever take what you have for granted! 20. Trees would be growing from the healthiest of soil instead of being firewood or just cut down to make room and space for another factory with more destructive chemicals. The sky wouldn’t be dirty and smog filled, with no room for the sun or clean air to be breathed in. The earth wouldn’t bodying. It’s not one person’s duty; it’s every person’s. We should take action immediately before it’ s too late. A. However, there are ways to help our planet not become worse so rapidly! B. The earth is so useful that we can’t live without it. C. It gives us food, water, shelter and natural beauty. D. The minute a life is lost, forgiveness is not possible. E. If you take good care of the earth, it will surely pay back. F. The human beings that care for it and love it deserve what our planet provides us with. G. If everyone did just that and cared creatures all over our world wouldn’t’t be endangered. 文章大意：本文是夹叙夹议文。地球给了我们生命，让我们呼吸， 给我们提供食物、水、 住所和自然美景。作者倡导大家要关爱地球，不要把我们现在拥有的东西认为是理所当然的。 保护地球是每一个人的责任。 16.F 此题是逻辑线索。根据后句“然而，人类不珍惜地球，让有害气体造成污染，杀死与我 们生活在这里的数百万动物，他们不配拥有这个星球，应该受到惩罚，并为此付出代价。”选 项 F 意思为：关心它并热爱它的人类理应得到我们星球提供给我们的东西。空后一句 However 表示转折，句中的“the human beings that don’t appreciate the earth,…don’t deserve…” 与选项 F 中的“The human beings that care for it and love it deserve …. ”句意形成对 比。故选 F 项。 17.C 此题是代词线索。根据前句“The earth lets us breathe”。选项 C 意思为： 它给我们 提供食物、水、住所和自然美景。成接上文。选项 C 中的 it 指代前一句的 the earth。故选 C 项。 18.D 此题线索是词汇复现。选项 D 意思为：失去生命的那一刻，是不可能得到宽恕的。下文 提到“if I were the earth and someone didn’t care about the life I gave them so trustingly, I wouldn’t forgive them. 如果我是地球，有人不在乎我如此信任给与他们的 生活，我不会原谅他们。”，与选项 D 语义相顺承；forgive 与选项 D 中的 forgiveness 是同根 词复现。故选 D 项。 19.A 选项 A 意思为：然而，有一些方法可以帮助我们的地球不要如此快得变得糟糕！该空位 于段首，应该是该段的总起句；下文是建议大家关爱生命，行动起来，是对选项 A 的进一步 说明。故选 A 项。 20.G 选项 G 意思为：如果每个人都这样做，关心生命，世界各地的生物就不会受到威胁。空 前提到“唯一真正重要和有帮助的是关爱你周围的生命。” 选项 G 是顺承上面的话题；其中 “If everyone did just that”即是指上一句的内容“Respect it and appreciate it and don’ t ever take what you have for granted!”故选 G 项。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 I live in a landscape surrounded by shopping malls. So it’s quite 21 to feel connected to the land. I wanted 22 for my children: soil, Mother Earth and ecology. I’m a classic suburban mom. But I grew up 23 summers at my grandparents ’ farm. I used to pick wild blackberries, 24 fishes, and run between the tows of tall corn plants. I knew what wild garlic looked like. I 25 picked flowers from the honeysuckle and sucked the nectar (花蜜) out. I’ve 26 my kids to do the same. “It’s so sweet, Mom,” they told me. 27 instead of teaching my kids about the landscape, I decided to teach them a love of the 28 they live in. I was determined to 29 PBL-place-based learning. So we went to the 30 parking lot near the dead mall and 31 dandelion (蒲公览) greens, which make delicious spring salad. We dug with sticks in the wheel ruts (车辙印) along the road 32 going home. My ten-year old found a special rock which 33 him to start a rock collection. In the fall. I 34 my kids to stands of chestnut trees and 35 them how to get the eatable nuts from the branches. I 36 I had taught them some big lessons about the earth, the 37 of which they should have appreciation for. It has been revolutionary to be outside. We have 38 simply walking, observing, feeling the dirt under our feet, and 39 bringing home something we 40 with our own hands. 21. A. challenging B. wonderful C. relaxing D. disappointing 22. A. admiration B. gratitude C. connection D. amusement 23. A. learning B. spending C. expecting D. witnessing 24. A. eat B. keep C. cook D. catch 25. A. voluntarily B. instantly C. delicately D. carelessly 26. A. forbidden B. taught C. ordered D. required 27. A. However B. In addition C. As a result D. Similarly 28. A. house B. life C. land D. age 29. A. investigate B. discover C. test D. practice 30. A. abandoned B. scary C. new D. collapsed 31. A. touched B. smelt C. viewed D. sought 32. A. after B. while C. upon D. since 33. A. inspired B. urged C. forced D. needed 34. A. pulled B. rushed C. took D. raised 35. A. informed B. watched C. asked D. showed 36. A. agreed B. doubted C. felt D. decided 37. A. scenery B. beauty C. future D. custom 38. A. imagined B. considered C. enjoyed D. insisted 39. A. calmly B. safely C. suddenly D. happily 40. A. harvested B. planted C. made D. shared 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者小时候在祖父母的农场上度过的经历。 在作者看来，亲近自然和感知自然对孩子的成长是有好处的，因此她带着自己的孩子挖蒲公英 和摘取坚果，使他们体验大自然的美好。 21.A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此想与这个土地联系得紧密一些是非常具有挑战性的。 A. challenging 具 有 挑 战 性 的 ； B. wonderful 精 彩 的 ； C. relaxing 令 人 放 松 的 ； D. disappointing 令人失望的。作者生活在被购物中心包围的地方，因此想要感知土地是很难的。 故选 A。 22.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想让我的孩子们与土壤，地球母亲和生态环境建立联系。 A. admiration 钦佩；B. gratitude 感谢；C. connection 连接，联系；D. amusement 娱乐。 由前一句可知，文章的主题就是建立人与大自然的联系并且 connected 在前文出现了。故选 C。 23.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我从小在祖父母的农场度过夏天。A. learning 学习；B. spending 度过；C. expecting 期待；D. witnessing 目击。下文提到作者采摘野生黑莓并在 高大的玉米植物的丝束之间奔跑而且知道野蒜的样子，因此可以推知，作者在长大的过程中是 在祖父母的农场上度过夏天的，选择 spending 合乎语境。故选 B。 24.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经采摘野生黑莓，抓鱼，并在高大的玉米植物的丝束之 间奔跑。A. eat 吃；B. keep 保持；C. cook 做饭；D. catch 抓住。作者小时候经常去祖父母 的农场，她做着各种各样的活动：采摘野生黑莓，在玉米地里玩耍。因此 catch fishes“抓鱼” 是合乎语境的。故选 D。 25.C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从金银花中精心挑选了花朵，然后将花蜜吸了出来。A. voluntarily 自愿地；B. instantly 立刻；C. delicately 精心地，谨慎地；D. carelessly 粗心地。 作者要吸吮花蜜，因此她需要精心挑选花朵，这体现了她对大自然的热爱。故选 C。 26.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我教过我的孩子做同样的事情。A. forbidden 禁止；B. taught 教导；C. ordered 下令；D. required 需要。由下一段的 teach 可知，作者教自己的孩子去做 同样的事情，去品尝金银花的花蜜，孩子们告诉妈妈花蜜很甜。故选 B。 27.A 考查副词（短语）词义辨析。句意：然而我决定教他们热爱他们所居住的这片土地而不 是周围的景色。A. However 然而，不过；B. In addition 此外；C. As a result 结果……；D. Similarly 相似地。虽然作者一家生活在被购物中心包围的地方，不过作者并没有去让孩子们 去关注购物中心包围下的景色，而是要热爱脚下的这片土地。故选 A。 28.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而我决定教他们热爱他们所居住的这片土地而不是周围的 景色。A. house 房屋；B. life 生活；C. land 土地；D. age 年龄。由作者小时的经历可知， 她希望孩子们感知和接触大自然。因此，她希望孩子们能够爱上一家人生活的这片土地。land 这个词在文章的第二句中出现了。故选 C。 29.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决心在我们生活的地方教孩子们去学习。A. investigate 调查；B. discover 发现；C. test 测试；D. practice 实践，实行。她带着孩子们去购物中心附 近的停车场挖蒲公英，这是在实施她的想法：希望孩子们能够爱上一家人生活的这片土地。故 选 D。 30.A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此我们去了面临倒闭的购物中心附近的废弃停车场，寻 找可以做蔬菜沙拉的蒲公英。A. abandoned 被遗弃的，被抛弃的；B. scary 害怕的；C. new 新的；D. collapsed 倒塌的。dead mall 指的是由于经营不善、消费增长乏力以及电商冲击等 因素的影响下，导致购物中心面临倒闭关门的窘境。因此可知，它附近的停车场应该是没有什 么人停车的，即废弃的。故选 A。 31.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此我们去了面临倒闭的购物中心附近的废弃停车场，寻找 可以做蔬菜沙拉的蒲公英。A. touched 触摸；B. smelt 闻到；C. viewed 观看；D. sought 寻找。由下文的“我们沿着公路用木棒挖蒲公英”可知，作者和孩子们在寻找蒲公英。故选 D。 32.B 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我们用棍子在回家的路上挖着车辙里的蒲公英。A. after 在……之后；B. while 当……的时候；C. upon 在……之上；D. since 自从……以来。由文章最 后一句的“bringing home something”可知，作者和孩子们是在回家的路上挖蒲公英，选 择 while 合乎语境。故选 B。 33.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十岁的孩子发现了一块特别的石块，这激发了他的灵感， 开始了自己的石块收集。A. inspired 激发；B. urged 督促；C. forced 强迫；D. needed 需 要。一块特别的石头，使他激发了收藏石块的想法，选择 inspired 符合语境。故选 A。 34.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带孩子们去看板栗树，并向他们展示了如何从树枝上获取 可食用的坚果。A. pulled 拉；B. rushed 奔跑；C. took 拿走，带着；D. raised 提升。秋天 来到坚果成熟了，因此作者带着孩子们去摘果实以感知大自然。故选 C。 35.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带孩子们去看板栗树，并向他们展示了如何从树枝上获取 可食用的坚果。A. informed 通知；B. watched 观看；C. asked 问；D. showed 展示。作者 为了让孩子们亲近和爱上大自然，她带着孩子们去摘果实，孩子们还小，它要展示给孩子们看。 故选 D。 36.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我已经教给了孩子们关于土地的一些知识，他们应该 欣赏它的美丽。A. agreed 同意；B. doubted 怀疑；C. felt 感觉；D. decided 决定。作者带 着孩子们挖过蒲公英和摘取坚果等，因此作者感觉她教给了孩子们关于大自然的土地的一些知 识。故选 C。 37.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我已经教给了孩子们关于土地的一些知识，他们应该 欣赏它的美丽。A. scenery 风景；B. beauty 美丽，美好；C. future 未来；D. custom 习俗。 作者带孩子们亲近他们生活的这片土地，孩子们在这个过程中有了自己的感知，有了自己的兴 趣爱好（比如收集石头），因此他们一起从事的活动会让他们感受到土地的美好。故选 B。 38.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢步行，观察，感觉脚下的泥土，开心地将双手收获 的东西带回家。A. imagined 想像；B. considered 考虑；C. enjoyed 喜欢；D. insisted 坚持。 由上文的 appreciation(感激，欣赏)可知，作者和孩子们在户外活动中是快乐的，选择 enjoyed 合乎语境。故选 C。 39.D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢步行，观察，感觉脚下的泥土，开心地将双手收获 的东西带回家。A. calmly 从容地；B. safely 安全地；C. suddenly 突然；D. happily 愉快地。 在亲自动手后，带着东西回家的心情是愉快的。故选 D。 40.A 考查动词词义辨析。我们喜欢步行，观察，感觉脚下的泥土，开心地将双手收获的东西 带回家。A. harvested 收获；B. planted 种植；C. made 制作；D. shared 分享。作者和孩子 们亲自动手得到了自己想要的东西，体验到了快乐，这是他们的“收获”。故选 A。 第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For nearly a thousand years, tea stayed the secret of the East. Then, in the 1500s, the Portuguese 41. (gradual) arrived in China. They’d travelled to the Far East hoping to control the spice trade. But soon 42. tasting the brew for the first time, the 43. (explore)quickly realized its potential and decided to focus on exporting tea instead. The Portuguese called the drink cha, just like the people of southern China did. From the port of Canton, the Portuguese shipped the 64. (process) leaves down through Indonesia, under the southern tip of Africa, and back up to 65. (west) Europe. But long before the root word “cha” made 66. (it) way across the oceans to Portugal, another trade route called the “Tea-Horse” road 67. (spread) tea westward. 68. bricks of tea packed up high on the carriers ’ backs, the leaf travelled to India via Persia, 69. the Chinese“cha”turned into the Persian“chay”. Depending on the region of India, most Indian dialects use some variation of the root word “cha” 70. (describe) tea. 文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了茶是如何从中国传到世界各地的历史。 61. gradually 考查副词。句意：然后，在 16 世纪，葡萄牙人逐渐来到中国。修饰谓语动词 arrived，应用副词形式。故填 gradually。 62. after 考查介词。句意：但在第一次品尝这种泡的茶之后，探险者们很快意识到它的潜在 市场上，并决定专注于出口茶叶。此处根据逻辑推理，应该是“品尝了这种泡的茶之后”，才 意识到它的市场潜力。故填 after。 63. explorers 考查名词单复数。句意：但在第一次品尝这种泡的茶之后，探险者们很快意识 到它的潜在市场上，并决定专注于出口茶叶。分析句子结构， 所填词在句中作主语，应是名 词；此处意思为“探险者”，应为名词 explorer，并且用复数形式表示泛指。故填 explorers。 64. processed 考查非谓语动词。句意：从广州港，葡萄牙人把加工过的茶叶通过印度尼西亚 运到非洲南端，然后再运回西欧。此处 process 和 leaves 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过 去分词作定语。故填 processed。 65. western 考查形容词。句意：从广州港，葡萄牙人把加工过的茶叶通过印度尼西亚运到非 洲南端，然后再运回西欧。此处修饰 Europe，应用形容词。形容词 western 意思为“西部的”。 故填 western。 66. its 考查代词。句意：但早在 cha 的词根漂洋过海来到葡萄牙之前，另一条被称为“茶马” 的贸易路线就已经向西传播茶叶。短语 make one’s way to 意思为“前往，向……出发”； 主语是 the root word “cha”，是单数，因此相应地用形容词性物主代词 its。故填 its。 67. had spread/had been spreading 考查时态。句意：但早在 cha 的词根漂洋过海来到葡 萄牙之前，另一条被称为“茶马”的贸易路线就已经向西传播茶叶。根据时间状语 long before 可知，before 常和完成时连用；从句谓语动词是一般过去时 made its way，主语谓语动作发 生在从句谓语动作之前，因此用过去完成时 had done ；spread 是不规则变化动词，过去分 词为 spread；也可以用过去完成进行时 had been doing，强调动作一直在进行，意思为“一 直在传播”。故填 had spread/had been spreading。 68. With 考查介词。句意：茶砖被打包，高高地堆在货架上，经过波斯传到印度，中国的茶 变成了波斯茶。分析句子结构， 此处是 with 的复合结构，为“with+宾语 bricks of tea +过 去分词 packed up”，在句中作状语。故填 With。 69. where 考查定语从句。句意：茶砖被打包，高高地堆在货架上，经过波斯传到印度，中国 的茶变成了波斯茶。分析句子结构，“____the Chinese “cha” turned into the Persian “chay””是定语从句，先行词是 Persia，在从句中作地点状语，应用 where 引导定语从句。 故填 where。 70. to describe 考查非谓语动词。句意： 根据印度地区的不同，大多数印度方言使用词根 cha 的某些变体 来描述茶。根据句意，此处是不定式作目的状语。故填 to describe。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 It is known that as the development of economy, a number of cars is increasingly growing in our daily life. Cars indeed had greatly improved our life and brought much convenience. Therefore, they also bring problems, among which the traffic accident is on the top of the list. What can we do to solve the problem effective? The best solution for their society is to obey the traffic regulations. For example, when we cross the street, we should go until the light turns green. Also, we should ride bikes on the bike lane. Besides, we should warn people not to looking at their mobile phone while they are riding or driving. Lots of traffic accidents can be avoided what if everyone obeys the traffic regulations. 文章大意：本文为记叙文。随着经济的发展，汽车越来越多。汽车确实极大地改善了我们 的生活，带来了很多方便。然而，它们也带来了一些问题，其中交通事故是首当其冲的。只要 每个人遵守交通规则，许多交通事故是可以避免的。 第一处：as→with 考查语境及介词。句意：众所周知，随着经济的发展，我们日常生活中汽 车数量越来越多。分析句子可知， 当 as 为 “随着”时是连词，后面跟句子；而 with 意为“随 着”时是介词，后面跟名词短语。本句中的“the development of economy”是名词短语， 故把 as 改成 with。 第二处：a→the 考查冠词。句意：众所周知，随着经济的发展，我们的日常生活中汽车的数 量越来越多。分析句子可知， “the number of ...”意为“.....的数量”，“a number of...”意 思为“许多的，大量的”，此处是指汽车的数量，故把 a 改成 the。 第三处：had→have 考查现地完成里。句意：汽车确实极大地改善了我们的生活，带来了很 多方便。分析句子可知，本句指汽车现在极大地改善了我们的生活，所以要用现在完成时，而 不是过去的过去，故把 had 改成 have。 第四处：Therefore→However 考查副词辨析。句意：然而，它们也带来了一些问题，其中交 通事故是首当其冲的。分析句子可知，前后两句是转折关系，而非因果关系，故把 Therefore 改成 However。 第五处：effective→effectively 考查副词辨析。句意：我们怎样才能有效地解决这个问题? 分析句子可知，句中的 effective 在句中修饰动词 solve the problem，修饰动词要用副词 修饰，故把 effective 改成 effectively 第六处：their→our 考查人称代词。句意：对我们社会来说最好的解决办法是遵守交通规则。 分析句子可知，此处的主语是 we，所以是我们的社会，而非他们的，因此把 their 改为 our。 第七处：should 后面加 not 考查语境。句意：当我们过马路时，交通灯变成绿色我们才能走。 根据语境此句考查的 not...until“直到......才......”，故在 should 后面加 not。 第八处：looking→look 考查固定用法。句意：我们应该提醒人们在开车或骑车时不要手机。 “warn sb. not to do...”为固定搭配，意为“提醒某人不要做某事”，故把 looking 改成 look。 第九处：phone→phones 考查名词的数。句意：我们应该提醒人们开车或骑车时不要看手机。 本句是指提醒人们开车或骑车时不去看他们的手机，可知，手机要用复数，故把 phone 改成 phones。 第十处：what if 中的 what 去掉 考查语境。句意：如果每个人都遵守交通规则，许多交通事 故是可以避免的。“what if...”意为“倘若......”，if 意为“假如，如果”。分析句子可知，此处 是指“如果”而非“倘若”，故把 what if 中的 what 去掉。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Smith 为了让他的同学更好地了解中国，准备组织一 个主 题为“Hello China”的活动，向你寻求建议。请你写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 写作目的； ' 2. 活动建议：中国传统文化和当代成就； 3. 期待与祝愿。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头结尾己写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Smith, __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【范文】 Dear Smith, I’m glad to know that you are launching a campaign “Hello, China” aimed to introduce a thriving China to your peers. From my perspective, the activities may range from Chinese calligraphy competitions to paper-cutting, martial arts, appreciation of Beijing Opera and so on. As for Chinese elements, the Great Wall with a long history symbolizes the national fighting spirits while high-speed railway representing the cutting-edge technology takes the lead in the world. By the way, mascots like pandas and Monkey King will enjoy great popularity among participants. Wish your campaign a success. Yours, Li Hua