高考3500词高频词汇详细讲解 94页

高考3500词 A（106）‎ ‎1. abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃 ‎ abandon the baby/ child/ friend abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于 ‎ He abandoned himself to despair（绝望）.‎ ‎2. ability n. 能力; 才能 ‎ the ability to walk 行走的能力 to the best of one’s ability 竭尽全力 ‎ He completed the job to the best of his ability.‎ ‎3.abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的 ‎ They thought his behavior was abnormal. 反义词：normal ‎4. aboard prep. adv.在船(飞机，火车)上，上船(飞机，轮船)‎ all the people aboard 机上的人 ‎5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处 a) be about to do sth…(when) 正要做某事，这时......‎ I was about to go out when it began to rain. b) look about/around/round ‎ c) How/What about…询问情况或建议 ‎6 . above prep 在…上面 ‎ above all 首先;尤其 ‎7. abroad ad.到(在)国外 ‎ a) go /study /live abroad ‎ b) at home and abroad在国内外 ‎8. absence n. 不在，缺席 absence from work/ school ‎ The decision was made in my absence. in the absence of 在缺少...…条件下 ‎ The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.‎ ‎9. absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 ‎ be absent from 缺席......‎ absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的 ‎10. absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进(液体，气体等) 2) 理解，掌握 absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy absorb information/ knowledge ‎ be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于…...‎ ‎11. abuse v. / n. 滥用，谩骂 ‎ abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒 abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权 ‎12. accept vt. 接受，承认 accept the gift/invitation/plan ‎ accept sb/sth as…‎ ‎13. access n.方法，通路，机会 The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge. Only high officials have access to the emperor. We students have access to the school library. accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的 Such information is not easily accessible to the public.‎ ‎14. accident n.事故，意外的事 by accident/chance 偶然，无意中;不小心 ‎15. accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏 ‎ accompany sb. to the school/supermarket accompany the singer on/at the piano ‎ Lightening（闪电）usually accompanies thunder.‎ ‎16. accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现 ‎ accomplishment n. 成就，成绩 accomplish the task/purpose/goaluuuuuuuuuuu ‎17. according to 根据 ‎ According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.‎ ‎18. accuse vt. 指控，指责 ‎ accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…...‎ ‎19. accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的 be/get/become accustomed to doing ‎ He was soon accustomed to getting up early.‎ ‎20. ache vi./n 疼痛 headache / toothache ‎ My back aches so much.‎ ‎21. achieve vt 达到;取得 ‎ achieve success/victory/one’s goal ‎22. achievement n. 成就，业绩;完成(任务等) ‎ make great achievements ‎23. acknowledge v. 承认，致谢 It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases（温室气体）. Yaoming is acknowledged as/to be the best player in China. I acknowledged financial（财政的）support from the local government.‎ ‎24. across  prep./adv. 穿过，横穿 ‎ cross  v. 穿过，横穿 cross a street come/run across偶然碰到 ‎25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事 act as 充当;扮演 ‎ act out 把…...表演出来 ‎26. action n. 行动 ‎ take action to do sth ‎ put sth into action 把…付诸实施 ‎27. active adj. 积极的;主动的 ‎ take an active part in/be active in 积极参加 ‎28. activity n. 活动 ‎ outdoor activities 户外运动 ‎29. actual a.实际的 ‎ actually adv. ‎ in (actual) fact 实际上 ‎30. adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编  vt. 使适应 ‎ adapt to change/the city life adapt oneself to the new surroundings ‎ adapt the novel for a film ‎ ‎31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说(that) add(…)to 添加 ‎ add up 把…加在一起 ‎ add up to总计为; 总数为 a) His illness added to our trouble. ‎ b) He added that he would come again. c) Please add these figures（数字）up. ‎ d) These numbers add up to 100. e) He added some salt to the water.‎ ‎32. address n.地址 vt.写地址;向…...讲话(尤指演讲) address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信 ‎ The letter was wrongly addressed. The president addressed the public.‎ ‎33. adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应 ‎ adjust your speed/the volume（音量）/the camera adjust to the dark/the single life ‎ adjust yourself to the student life ‎ adjustment n. 调整，调节 ‎34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕 admire sb for sth ‎ I admire John for his courage.‎ ‎35. admit vt (admitted ,admitted) 1) 承认 ‎ admit one’s mistakes admit doing/having done He admitted having stolen the money. 2) 准许(入场，入学，入会) ‎ admit sb to/into→sb be admitted to He has been admitted to Beijing University.‎ ‎36. adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳 adopt a child ‎ the adopted son/daughter adopt a new policy/a suggestion/a plan/an attitude ‎37. advance vi. 推进，促进;前进 ‎ advanced adj.  先进的/ 高级的 in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker ‎38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantage take advantage of 利用 ‎ have an advantage over 优于…...‎ to sb’s advantage 对(某人)有利 ‎39. advertise vt. 为…...做广告 1)为…做广告 ‎ advertise a product  2)登广告征求/寻找…...‎ advertise for a new sales manager ‎40. advice n. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议 ‎ take/follow/accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 ‎ a piece of advice 一条建议 give sb some advice on sth advise sb (not) to do advise doing advise that …(should)+do Our teacher advised that we should study hard.‎ ‎41. affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等 Smoking affects health. ‎ People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.‎ ‎42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供 can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth ‎ I can’t afford a book/to buy the book ‎43. afraid a. 害怕的;担心的 be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…...‎ be afraid of doing 害怕...… She was afraid to go out alone at night. ‎ She was afraid of waking him up.‎ ‎44. against prep 对着，反对, 违背，靠着，迎着，衬着 stand against the wall (靠墙站着) ‎ go against nature be against sth  They are strongly against the plan. ‎ The pine tree were black against the morning sky.‎ ‎45. age n.年龄;时代 vi. 变老 ‎ for ages 多年 at an early age at the age of …  of the same age=of an age ‎ After his wife’s death he aged quickly.‎ ‎46. agree vi. 同意;应允 1)agree with ‎ ‎①同意 agree with sb / what you say/your opinion. ②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”： The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。 A verb must agree with its subject in person and number. What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。 2)agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion . 3)agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议： We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。 Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。 4) agree to do sth ‎ He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。 5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement ‎ ‎6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.‎ ‎47. ahead ad. 在前，向前 ‎ ahead of time 提前 ‎ go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧 ‎48. aid n. 援助;救护;辅助工具 v. 帮助，促进 ‎ first aid 急救 ‎ in aid of 支持 by ( the) aid of 借助于，通过…的帮助 ‎ come/go to one’s aid 帮助某人 aid (sb/sth) in/with ( doing) sth 帮助某人做…...‎ ‎49. aim at ① 瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer. ② (向某方面)努力 She's aiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship. ③ 针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.‎ ‎50. alike adj. 相像的，十分相似的 adv. 相似地，相同地  ‎ We are alike in many ways. They tried to treat their children alike.‎ ‎51. alive a. 活着的，存在的 ‎ catch …alive 活捉 ‎ keep…alive ‎ be alive with= be full of The lake was alive with fish. ‎ Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)‎ ‎52. allow v 准许，允许 ‎ allow doing/sb to do allow for 把......考虑进去 ‎ Has everything been allowed for in your plan?‎ ‎53. almost adv. 几乎，差不多 Almost no one/nobody came to the party. ‎ There was almost no snow that winter.‎ ‎54. alone adj./adv. 单独，孤独 1) 形容词She is alone at home. (她独自一人在家。) 2) 副词I like to work alone. (我喜欢独自一人工作。) 3) “只有，仅仅” The shoes alone cost $200. ‎ let /leave sb/sth alone 别打扰...... let alone 更不用说 lonely 1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man/island. 2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely  ‎ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.‎ ‎55. aloud ad.大声地 ‎ read aloud 大声朗读 think aloud 自言自语 ‎56. amaze vt. 使惊奇/惊叹/惊异 What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us. It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time. amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊异的 ‎ amazing adj.令人惊奇的/惊异的 57. amount n. 数额(尤指数量，大小等) vi. 总计，合计 ‎ a large amount of=large amounts of +不可数名词  amount to 1) (数量上)达到，总计 Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为1357个工作日。 2)等于，意味着 Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。‎ ‎58.  amuse vt. 使发笑/愉快 ‎ The funny drawings amused the kids. be amused by/at/with 被…逗乐 ‎ amuse oneself 自娱自乐 The boys amused themselves by drawing. ‎ ‎59. amusement n. ‎ ‎1) 娱乐,发笑 ‎ to one’s amusement 让某人发笑 They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by. 他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。 2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements 60. angry adj 生气的，愤怒的 (angrily/angrier ) be angry at (about) 因为...…而生气 ‎ be angry with sb 生某人的气 ‎61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布 announce a decision/plan/intention ‎ announce sth to sb ‎ announce that At the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached. make an announcement ‎62. announcement n. 通告，通知 ‎63. annoy vt. (使)烦恼 ‎ be annoyed with sb.for (at) sth. What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology. annoyed adj. 略感烦恼(生气)的 ‎ annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的 　　 64. answer n/v. ‎ the answer to the question ‎ answer a question/the door/the phone answer for 对… 负责 ‎ You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.‎ ‎65.  anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心 anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的; 担心的; 渴望的，急切的 be anxious about sth for sb be anxious to do sth ‎67. apologize v. 道歉，歉意 ‎ apology n.道歉，歉意　　‎ make an apology/apologies to sb for sth ‎ apologise to sb for sth ‎68. appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳求 The design has appealed to people of all ages. ‎ I appeal to you to protect the environment. have/hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力 ‎ lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力 ‎69. appear ‎ ‎1) vi. 出现，露面  2) 系动词 似乎，好像 ‎ appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎 It appears (to sb) that /as if... ‎ He appeared to be happy in the news. It appears to me that he will win. It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。 Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。‎ ‎70. appearance n. 出现，露面;容貌 ‎ judge by appearances 以貌取人 ‎71. application n.申请 ‎ make an application for ‎72. apply v. 申请;应用 apply for 申请;请求 apply sth to …运用，应用 ‎ apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事 ‎73. appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定 1) 任命，委派 A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。 ‎ He was appointed as chairman. 2). 约定，确定 ‎ Everyone got there at the appointed time. In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.‎ ‎74. appointment n.约定，任命 make an appointment 约定，任命 his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命 ‎75. appreciate vt. 欣赏;感激 ‎ appreciate your concern ‎ appreciate doing sth appreciate your abilities/fine works of art ‎ I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.‎ ‎76. approach ‎ ‎1). v. 接近;靠近;走进 As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees. I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching. 2). n. 接近;方法;途径;通路 He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling. His approach to the problem are wrong. All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.‎ ‎77. approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准 ‎ approve of 赞成，同意 ‎ approve of one’s idea He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year. ‎ approve the plan/ proposal 通过/批准计划/提议 approval n.‎ ‎79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument ‎ ‎1) argue for/against 赞成/反对 ‎2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事 ‎80. arise （arose arisen）vi. ‎ ‎1) 出现，发生，产生 ‎ A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。 2)起床，起身，起立 ‎ He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。‎ ‎81.argument n. ‎ ‎1)争论，辩论 ‎ have an argument with sb about/over sth 2) 论点，论据 ‎ a powerful argument against smoking ‎82. arm n. 手臂,支架 武器(复) ‎ arm in arm 手挽手 ‎ take up arms 拿起武器 vt. 以…装备/武装起...来 arm…with… Armed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave. ‎ be armed to the teeth 全副武装 ‎83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约 around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来 ‎ around the clock 昼夜不停地 ‎84.arrange vt. 安排，布置 arrange an appointment 安排预约 ‎ Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend? We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。 He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。 The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport. Dave arranged for someone to drive him home. arrangement n. 安排，布置 ‎ make arrangements for…‎ ‎85. arrest vt./n. 逮捕，拘捕 ‎ He got arrested for careless driving. put/place sb under arrest 逮捕某人 ‎86. arrive v. arrival n. 到来;达到 ‎ ‎87. article n. 文章;东西;物品;冠词 ‎ an article of clothing 一件衣服 ‎88. ashamed adj. 惭愧，害臊 ‎89. asleep adj. 睡着的，熟睡的(表语形容词) ‎ fall asleep 入睡 ‎ He seems to be fast asleep.‎ ‎90. assist v. 帮助，协助 ‎ assist sb. in doing/with sth. We’ll assist you in finding a place to live. She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. assistance n. ‎ technical/military assistance 技术/军事援助 ‎91. assume v. 假定，假设 ‎ It is assumed that…普遍认为...... I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。 He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。‎ assuming (that)… 假设，假如 assumption n.‎ ‎92. ashamed 感到羞愧的　　‎ a) be ashamed of 为......感到羞愧  c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧 ‎ ashamed & shameful ashamed 指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊 shameful 指事物或本身可耻不道德。 ‎ He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.‎ ‎93. astonish v. 使震惊 ‎ astonished 感到震惊的 astonishing 令人震惊的 94. attach v. 贴上，系上，附加 attach …to...‎ ‎95. attempt v./n.  试图，尝试 attempt to do sth He was charged with attempting to kill his wife. attempt sth ‎ The plane crashed（坠毁）while attempting an ‎ emergency landing. make an attempt to do/at doing 试图做某事 ‎96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍;出席，参加 ‎ attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert attend to sth处理，注意，照料 I have a few other things to attend to. attend on sb 看护，照料 ‎ ‎97. attention n. 注意，关心 pay ( much/no/little) attention to doing(sth)‎ draw one’s attention to doing(sth)　　‎ fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on attract one’s attention ‎98. attract v. 吸引，引起 ‎ Like attracts like. 物以类聚 ‎99. available adj. 可利用的，可得到的，有效的 ‎100. average adj 平均的;普通的 n. 平均数 ‎ on (the)average 平均 I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。‎ ‎101. avoid v.避免，躲避 avoid doing ‎102. awake v. 唤醒;(awoke/ awoken) adj 醒着的 Is he awake or asleep? ‎ awake to sth 意识到/醒悟到 It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation. ‎ ‎103. award n.奖品  v.授予 ‎104. aware adj.意识到的 ‎ be aware of...‎ ‎105. away adv.离开;远离 ‎ keep away from 保持距离 far away 在远处 right away 立刻，马上 give away 泄露，赠送 ‎106. awful adj.可怕的; 糟糕的; 非常的; 极坏的 adv.非常，极　‎ B（53）‎ ‎1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背 back and forth 来回，往返 ‎ back to back 背靠背 look back 回顾 put back 放回去 ‎ turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬 ‎2. backward adv.向后地 ‎ backward and forward 来来回回 ‎3. baggage n.行李 ‎ a piece of/an article of baggage 一件行李 ‎4. balance ‎ ‎1) n. ① 平衡 ‎ keep a balance (between A and B) ‎ lose one’s balance disturb the balance of one’s mind ‎② 余额 (常用单数） ‎ check your bank balance ‎③ 欠款（常用单数）‎ The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.‎ be/hang in the balance 未定的， 悬而未决的 catch/throw sb. off balance 使..‎ ‎.…失去平衡； 使…...不知所措 ‎ on balance 总的来说 ‎2）v. ①保持平衡 ‎ ‎~（sth）on sth ‎ He balanced the cup on her knee.‎ ‎②同等重视 ‎ balance A with/and B ‎ balance home life with career ‎③比较权衡 ‎ balance A against B ‎ balance the cost against its benefit balanced adj.平衡的 ‎ be on a balanced diet ‎5. ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 ‎ a ban on smoking 禁烟令 ‎ place… under ban 对…...加以禁止 ‎ ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做......‎ ‎6. bar ‎ ‎1) n. 条，块，障碍 ‎ a bar of chocolate/soap ‎ Being a woman was a bar to promotion（晋升）.‎ ‎2) vt. 封堵，阻止 ‎ All the doors and windows were barred.‎ bar sb. from... ‎ bar players from drinking ‎7. bargain n.（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货 v. 讨价还价 Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price. ‎ bargain with sb about /over sth ‎8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以......为基础, 把基地设在......‎ base sth on/upon sth 使......以...…为基础 ‎ His book is based on a true story.‎ be based in 以...为基地,把基地设在 ‎ The toy company is based in Guangzhou.‎ basic adj 基本的 basic knowledge/skills ‎ basically adv.基本上 ‎9. basis (复数 bases ) n.‎ ‎1）基础，要素 ‎ form the basis of…‎ ‎2) 基准，原则 ‎ on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式 ‎3) 原因，缘由 ‎ on the basis of… ‎ Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.‎ ‎10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆 have/take a bath bathe v.洗澡,游泳 ‎ be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线） ‎ bathroom n.浴室 ‎11. bear(bore, born/borne) v.‎ ‎1）承受 (重量) ‎ The ice is too thin to bear your weight.‎ ‎2) 负担, 承担 ‎ bear the cost/ burden/responsibility ‎3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing bear…in mind 记住......‎ ‎12. beat v. (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击； 击败 ‎ My heart is beating faster than usual. ‎ Waves are beating the shore. ‎ He beat me in the game. ‎ ‎13. before ‎ prep. 在…之前，先于 conj. 在…以前；在…之前 adv. 以前；在前 It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才…‎ It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就…‎ ‎14. beg 乞求，请求 ‎ beg—begged—begged—begging ‎ beg sb. to do 请求/乞求某人做某事 I beg your pardon. 对不起/请原谅/请再讲一遍（降调）‎ ‎15. begin—began—begun—beginning ‎ begin with=start with 以…开始 to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一 I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.‎ ‎16. beginning n.开始，开端 ‎ at the beginning of… ‎ in the beginning= at first ‎17. behave v.表现 ‎ He behaved as if nothing had happened.‎ behave badly/well/like a true gentleman behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 ‎ well/badly behaved children ‎18. behavior n. 不可数 ‎ good/bad behavior ‎ be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体 ‎19. behind prep.在......后面；晚于 adv. 在后面 drop/fall behind 落后 ‎ leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带 ‎20. belief n.（不可数） ‎ ‎1）相信，信心 ‎ I admire his belief in what he is doing.‎ ‎2) 看法，信念 （不可数） ‎ He acted in the belief that he was doing good.‎ There is a general belief that things will soon get better.‎ ‎3) 信仰 （可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs beyond belief 难以置信 ‎ to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知 ‎21. believe v.相信，认为 believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你 It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher.‎ ‎22. belong 属于 belong to 属于（无被动） ‎ The house belonging to her is under repair.‎ ‎23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案 ‎ bend—bent—bent She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。‎ ‎24. benefit ‎ ‎1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）‎ She didn’t get much benefit from her staying abroad.‎ be of benefit to...=be beneficial to ... = to one’s benefit 对某人有利 for one’s benefit = for the benefit of sb.‎ ‎ 为了帮助.../为了某人的利益 ‎2） vt./ vi. 使受益；获益 ‎ benefit sb./ sth ‎ benefit from/ by...‎ beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 ‎ be beneficial to...‎ ‎25. best adj. 最好的 n. 最好的人，最好的事物；最佳状态 do/try one’s best to do 尽全力做 ‎ make the best of… 尽量利用......‎ all the best （书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意 ‎26. better ‎ had better do… 最好做… ‎ 否定：had better not do be better worth reading 更值得读 ‎ be better known 更著名的 ‎27. beyond 超出、超过 beyond one’s imagination/description 难以想象/描述 beyond one’s power 超出某人能力范围 ‎ beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到 ‎28. bid –bid- bid- bidding v. 出价，投标 n. 投标 ‎ bid for sth.‎ I bid 2000 dollars for the painting. 我出价20000美元买这幅画。‎ The highest bid for the picture was 20000. 这幅画的最高出价是两万 ‎29. birth n.出生，诞生 ‎ at birth 出生时 ‎ give birth to 生下，孕育了 ‎30. biscuit n.饼干 ‎ some chocolate biscuits ‎31. bit n.一点，少量 ‎1) a bit of+不可数n.= a little +不可数n. ‎ He can speak a bit of French.‎ ‎2) a bit/a little +比较级 ‎ a bit more slowly ‎ ‎3) not a bit=not at all 一点儿也不、毫不 ‎32. blame n.责备 v.责备，归咎于 ‎1）be to blame 应该受到责备（主动表被动） ‎ ‎2) blame sb. for doing→sb. be blamed for …‎ ‎33. blank ‎1) n. 空白处，空格，(记忆中的)空白,遗忘 ‎ fill in the blanks My mind was a blank and I couldn’t remember her name.‎ ‎2) adj. 空白的，无装饰的，无图画的，不理解的，没表情的,空虚的 ‎ a blank form/ wall a blank expression ‎ Suddenly my mind went blank.‎ ‎34. blind adj.瞎的，盲目的 be blind to 对...…视而不见、熟视无睹 =turn a blind eye to ‎35. blow v.(blew blown) 吹、刮 n.吹，打击 ‎ blow down 吹倒 ‎ blow up 爆炸、炸毁 give sb. a blow 给某人打击 ‎36. board n.木板，布告牌，董事会 v.登上 ‎ on board 在船（车、飞机） ‎ board a train 上火车 ‎37. book n.书 v. 预定（车、船）票 ‎ book a room/ ticket ‎38. bored adj.感到无聊的 be bored with... /to death. ‎ boring adj.令人无聊的 ‎ a boring job /book/man ‎39. bother vt./vi. ‎ ‎1) 花费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，疑问句中）‎ ‎① bother with/ about sth ‎ ‎---Shall I wait? ---No, don’t bother.‎ It’s not worth bothering with an umbrella.‎ ‎② bother to do ‎ He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.‎ ‎③ bother doing ‎ Why bother asking if you are not really interested?‎ ‎2) 给...造成麻烦，痛苦 使...烦恼，担忧 ‎① bother sb with/ about... ‎ I don’t want to bother her with my problems.‎ ‎---I’m sorry he was rude to you. ‎ ‎--- It doesn’t bother me.‎ ‎② bother sb. that... ‎ Does it bother you that she earns more than you?‎ ‎③ bother sb. to do... ‎ It bothers me to think of her alone at home.‎ ‎3) 打扰 插话 ‎ bother sb ‎ Sorry to bother you, but...‎ be bothered about sb./ sth 认为...重要 关心... ‎ I’m not bothered about what he thinks.‎ bother n. 麻烦 困难（不可数） ‎ ‎---Thanks for your help. --- it was no bother.‎ put sb. to bother ‎ get sb. /oneself into bother给某人添麻烦 ‎40. bottom n.底部；尽头 ‎ at the bottom of… ‎ from the bottom of one’s heart ‎41. break—broke –broken ‎ break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发 break down （车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；‎ break in 打断；闯入 ‎ break up 破碎；（关系）破裂 break away from 摆脱、脱离 ‎42. breath n.呼吸 ‎ hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 ‎ take a deep breath 深呼吸 ‎ out of breath 上气不接下气 ‎ breathe v.呼吸 ‎43. bring vt. 带来；促使；引起；使某人处于某种情况或境地 ‎ bring up 提出；教育；养育；呕出 ‎ bring down 降低；打倒 ‎ bring about 带来 ‎ bring in 引进 ‎ ‎44. broken adj.坏的；破碎的；蹩脚的 speak in broken English ‎ a broken marriage ‎45. budget n.预算 within / over budget 在预算内/超出预算 ‎ on a (tight) budget 缺少钱 拮据 budget vt./vi.预算 ‎ ‎~ sth for ... 将...编入预算 ‎ ‎~$1,000,000 for education spending ‎~ for 存钱 编预算 ‎ ‎~ for a holiday abroad ‎46. build—built—built v. 建筑；建造 ‎ build up 增进、增强 ‎47. burn—burned—burned/--burnt—burnt 燃烧；晒黑、伤 ‎ burn down 烧毁 ‎ burn…to the ground= completely destroyed 夷为平地 ‎ get burnt 被晒伤 ‎ a burning candle 燃烧的蜡烛 ‎48. burst v. 突发；爆炸 burst—burst—burst burst out laughing/ crying= burst into laughter/ tears 突然大笑起来/痛哭起来 ‎49. bury v.埋葬；隐藏 bury—buried—buried—burying bury one’s face in the hands 手捂着脸 ‎ bury oneself in… = be buried in… 专心致志于......‎ ‎50. business n. 生意；职责；（本分）工作 ‎ on business 出差 ‎ do business with sb. ‎ Business is business. 公事公办。‎ It’s none of your business. 与你无关。 ‎ mind your own business 管好你自己的事 ‎51. busy adj.忙的；忙碌的 ‎ be busy with sth. ‎ be busy (in) doing 忙于做...... ‎ busily adv. ‎ ‎52. but conj.但是 prep.除了 not…but… 不是…而是 ‎ we have no choice but to wait. 除了等待别无选择。‎ We can do nothing but wait. 除了等待什么也不能做。‎ but for 要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）‎ But for your help, I would have failed.‎ ‎53. by ‎ by bus/car/plane/air/train/ship… 乘汽车/小汽车/飞机/火车/船 C（113）‎ ‎1. calculate v. 计算， 核算，打算，认为 ‎ It has been calculated that …‎ It has been calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.‎ ‎(be) calculated to do sth. ‎ The speech was calculated to win votes.‎ ‎2. call v. 叫；喊；打电话 ‎ a girl called Mary ‎ a girl calling herself Mary ‎ call on sb. 拜访某人 ‎ call at sp. 参观某地 ‎ call for 要求；需要 ‎ ‎3. calm adj. 镇定的，冷静的 v.使镇定/冷静 ‎ keep calm 保持冷静 calm down 镇定下来 ‎4. camp n.营 v.野营；宿营 ‎ summer camp 夏令营 ‎ go camping 去野营 ‎5. can aux. 能，能够； 可以； 可能 can’t help doing = can’t help but do 禁不住 can not…too… = can never…too… 越…越好/再…也不为过 You can never be too careful when crossing the street.‎ ‎6. care n. 照料；保管 v. 在乎；介意 ‎ take care of 照顾、保管 ‎ take care (that)… 当心......‎ I don’t care. 我不在乎/我不放在心上。‎ care for 喜欢；照顾 ‎ care about 关心；在乎 ‎7. careful adj.仔细的；小心的 ‎ be careful of… 当心,小心 ‎ carefully listen carefully ‎8. carry v.拿；搬；运；背 ‎ carry on 继续，进行 ‎ carry out 实施，执行 ‎9. case n.情况；案件；病例 ‎ in case +句子/in case of +名词 万一 ‎ in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话 ‎ in no case 绝不 ‎ as is often the case 事实往往如此 ‎ As is often the case, women live longer than man.‎ There are some cases where this method won’t work.‎ ‎10. cash n.现金 vt. 兑现 pay in cash /by check 用现金支付 ‎ cash a check 兑现支票 cash in on…从...获得利润 ‎ The shop are cashing in on temporary shortage by raising prices.‎ ‎11. cast v. 扔，抛，撒 cast your net wide ‎ ‎12. catch ‎ catch up with 赶上 ‎ catch sight of 看见 ‎ catch sb. doing 撞见/捉住某人做某事 catch one’s eye= attract one’s attention 引起某人注意；引人注目 ‎13. cater v. 提供（承办）酒席，满足需求 cater for sth/sb 为......提供所需 The class caters for all ability ranges.‎ ‎14. cattle n.牛（总称）单复同形 ‎ The cattle are in the shed. ‎ 牛在牛棚里。‎ ‎15. cause n. 原因，起因，事业 v.引起；促使 ‎ cause and effect 因果 the cause of fire/cancer 火灾/癌症的起因 ‎16. cautious adj. 谨慎的 小心的 vt.警告；小心 be cautious of/ about...‎ caution n. 谨慎 小心 ‎ with caution 小心地 caution sb. to do caution sb. against... 警告某人警惕 We were cautioned not to drive too fast.‎ ‎17. celebrate v.庆祝 celebrate one’s birthday ‎ celebrate Christmas ‎ ‎18. central adj.中心的，中央的 central bank/government centre n./v.中心；以......为中心 ‎ in the centre of the room ‎ centre on /upon/ round /around…把…当中心；使…成为中心 ‎19. ceremony n.典礼，仪式 ‎ attend a wedding ceremony stand on ceremony 拘于礼节 ‎ without ceremony 粗鲁无礼，不拘礼节 ‎20. certain adj. 确定的；无疑的 certainly adv.‎ be certain of= be sure of 对…确信的 ‎ be certain to do =be sure to do 一定会、必然 make sure/certain of… 保证、弄清楚 ‎ It is certain that…‎ ‎21. challenge n./v.挑战 ‎ face/take up a challenge 面对/接收挑战 challenging adj.具有挑战性的 ‎ a challenging job ‎22. chance n. 机会；可能性 ‎ give sb. a chance 给…一次机会; ‎ take a chance/chances 冒险；碰运气 ‎ by chance/accident 偶然; ‎ There is a/no chance that… 有可能/不可能…‎ ‎23. change v. 改变、变化; n. 变化；零钱（不可数）‎ change…into… 把……变成...... ‎ change one’s mind 改变主意 Great changes have taken place in China.‎ There is no time to get changed before the party. ‎ Do you have any change on/with you ? ‎ ‎24. characteristic adj. 独特的 n. 特征，特点 ‎ a key characteristic of…‎ ‎25. charge vt.向......索费；指控；掌管；充电 charge…for… 收/要价多少 charge sb. with sth/doing 指控某人做了 ‎ get the phone charged 手机被充电 The soldiers were charging forward bravely.战士们勇敢地向前冲。‎ charge n.费用；掌管，负责；电荷 take charge of 负责...... ‎ in charge of 负责......‎ in the charge of 被/由...… 负责 ‎ free of charge 免费 ‎26. chat v./n. 聊天；闲谈 ‎ chat—chatted—chatted—chatting have a chat with sb. 与某人聊天 chat room 聊天室 ‎27. check v./ n. 检查；核对；支票 by check 用支票支付 辨析： check/examine check 指核对某事物是否正确, examine 表检查、调查、审查等 check the answers ‎ check the mailbox 核实邮箱（看有没有信）‎ examine your body/eyes ‎ examine the machine ‎ ‎28. cheer n./vi. 欢呼；喝彩 A great cheer went up from the crowd.‎ cheer sb on 为某人加油 ‎ cheer up 振作起来；高兴起来 ‎ Cheers ! 共同举杯 ‎29. cheerful adj 兴高采烈的，高兴地 a cheerful smile ‎30. cheque＝ check(美) 支票 in cash 付现金 ‎ by check/cheque 用支票支付 ‎31. chicken c/n. 小鸡 u/n. 鸡肉 Would you like some chicken? 来点鸡肉怎么样？‎ Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.‎ 不要在还没孵出小鸡之前先数鸡。（别指望过早；别打如意算盘）‎ ‎32. chief adj.主要的；首要的 n.首领；领导人 chiefs (复数)‎ ‎33. choice n. 选择 choose v.选择 choose—chose—chosen make a choice /make choices 做选择 ‎ have no choice but to do 除了…别无选择 We chose Bill as chairman. ‎ There are a lot of books to choose from.‎ ‎34. Christmas n.圣诞节 Merry Christmas! ‎ on Christmas Eve 在平安夜 at Christmas 圣诞节期间 ‎ on Christmas 在圣诞节这天 ‎35. church n.教堂，礼拜 ‎ go to church ‎ attend church 去教堂做礼拜 ‎36. cinema 电影院 go to the cinema 去看电影 ‎37. circle n. 圆圈 vi.环绕，盘旋 The plane circled over the airport before landing.‎ ‎38. circulate v. 循环，流传，传阅 circulate sth (to sb.) ‎ The document will be circulated to all members.‎ ‎39. clarify v.澄清，阐明，使…..纯净 clarify a situation/ problem/ issue clarification n. ‎ ‎40. class 班级；课；等级，阶级 after class 下课 have classes 上课 the first class 头等 ‎ the working class 工人阶级 ‎41. classify v.分类 ‎ classify…into… ‎ classify sb./ sth as … ‎ Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.‎ ‎42. clean v.打扫；弄干净 adj.清洁的 clean up 打扫干净 clean the table/the room ‎ ‎43. clear adj. 清晰的 v.清除，放晴 clear water 清澈的水 a clear explanation 清晰的解释 make oneself clear 表达清楚 clear up （天气）放晴 ‎ clearly adv.‎ ‎44. close vt. 关闭 adj. 近的；亲密的 adv. 近地 ‎ closely adv. 密切地；仔细地 ‎ watch closely 密切注视；仔细观察 a close friend 一个亲密的朋友 be/stand/get close to close the door/eyes with his eyes closed/open ‎ close down 关闭，倒闭 ‎45. cloth u/c 布料，抹布 a piece of cloth a table cloth clothing u/n (总称) 衣服 ‎ a piece of clothing/an article of clothing 一件衣服 ‎ clothes(pl.) 衣服 ‎46. coast n.海岸 ‎ on/along the coast 在岸上/沿岸 ‎ off the coast 离海岸不远的地方 ‎47. coffee n.咖啡；咖啡色 a cup of coffee a coffee/two coffees 一杯/两杯咖啡 ‎48. coin c/n.硬币 Every coin has two sides. 事物皆有两面性 ‎49. coincidence n.共同发生,巧合 by coincidence 碰巧 ‎ ‎50. collect vt. 收集；搜集 collect stamps/stamp collecting 集邮 ‎ ‎51. collection n.收藏品 ‎ a stamp collection ‎ have a large collection of books ‎52. combine v.使联合,使结合 combine A with/ and B ‎53. come ‎ came-came-come ‎ come up with 提出；想出 come across 偶遇 come about 产生，发生 come on 加油；快点；得啦 come true 实现 come up 走近；被提出；想起；发芽 come out 出来；出版 ‎54. comfort v.安慰 u./n.舒适 live in comfort 生活安逸 a comfort 令人安慰的人或事 comfortable adj. ‎ live a comfortable life ‎ comfortably adv. ‎ live comfortably ‎55. command n.&v.命令，要求，指挥，支配 at/by/under one’s command 服从某人的命令 ‎ have a good command of 很好的掌握...... ‎ command sb. to do sth.‎ command that clause (should do)‎ ‎56. comment n./v.评论 make a comment on /about sth comment on/upon sth ‎57. commit v.犯；干(坏事)等；使......承担义务 commit murder/suicide ‎ commit yourself (to sth) 承诺...... ‎ You don’t have to commit yourself now, just think about it.‎ ‎58. common adj.共同的；一般的 a common mistake 常见错误 common practice 惯例 ‎ common sense 常识 have much/a lot/ little/nothing in common ‎ in common with… 和……一样 ‎59. communicate vt 传达，传递（想法，感情，思想等） vi.与某人交流（信息或消息，意见等），沟通 communication n.‎ He was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.‎ communicate with sb ‎60. company u./n. 交往；陪伴 c/n. 公司 ‎ keep sb. company 陪伴某人 ‎61. compare 比较；比喻 ‎ compare…with… 把…和…比较 ‎ compare…to… 把…比作…‎ compared with/to (作状语) 与…相比 ‎ Compared with/to other people, he is fortunate.‎ ‎62. compensate v.补偿,赔偿,弥补 compensate for sth 弥补...... ‎ compensate sb for sth 弥补/赔偿某人某物 ‎63. compete vi.比赛，竞赛 ‎ competition n. ‎ compete with/against sb in sth for sth ‎64. complete adj.完整的 v.完成，结束 a complete story 完整的故事 ‎ complete the project ‎ completely adv. ‎ be completely destroyed 彻底毁坏 ‎65. compromise v./n.妥协；折中，互让；和解 agree on a compromise ‎ make a compromise with ‎ by compromise 通过妥协 reach/ come to/ arrive at/compromise ‎66. compulsory 强制的；义务的 It is compulsory for sb to do ‎ It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets（头盔）. ‎ compulsory education/schooling（学校教育） ‎ ‎67. concentrate v. 集中（思想等） ‎ concentration n.‎ I can’t concentrate with that noise going on.‎ concentrate (sth) on (doing) sth 集中…做…‎ I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live.‎ ‎68. concern v.‎ ‎1) 让某人担忧 ‎ What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.‎ ‎2) 与…有关 ‎ be concerned with ‎ ‎3) 关心，挂念 ‎ be concerned about ‎4) 就…而言 ‎ as far as sb is concerned ‎ n. show a /no concern about concerning prep. 关系到， 涉及 He asked me several questions concerning the ‎ future of the company.‎ ‎69. concert 音乐会；演奏会 ‎ go to a concert ‎ a live concert 现场演奏的音乐会 ‎70. conclude v.‎ ‎1) 结束 ‎ conclude (sth)(with sth) ‎ He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.‎ ‎2) 推断出 conclude sth from sth ‎ What do you conclude from that?‎ conclusion n.结论；推论 draw /reach /come to a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 总之，最后 ‎ In conclusion, I would like to thank you.‎ ‎71. concrete adj.明确的,具体的 ‎ concrete floor ‎ concrete evidence ‎72. condemn vt. 谴责；判刑；宣告……有罪(与to连用) 迫使…接受(困境)，使…注定 condemn sb/ sth for… ‎ be condemned/ sentenced to… 被宣判......‎ ‎73. condition 状况；条件 in good/excellent/bad/poor condition 处于良好/极佳/糟糕的状况 out of condition 不在状况 living conditions 生活条件 on condition that (连词) 如果；条件是 They agreed to lend us the car on condition that (only if) we returned it before the weekend.‎ ‎74. conduct vt. ‎ ‎1) 引导，带领 ‎ conduct sb around sp ‎ ‎2) 实施，执行 ‎ conduct an experiment ‎3) 指挥 ‎ conduct a concert ‎ ‎4) 传导 ‎ conduct electricity ‎5) 举止，表现 ‎ conduct oneself ‎ conduct n. 行为，举止 ‎75. confident adj.自信的；确信的 be confident about/of sth confidence n.信心 ‎ ‎1) gain/lose confidence ‎ ‎2) have confidence in sb/sth ‎3) be in sb’s confidence 受某人信任，是某人的心腹 ‎4) take sb into your confidence 向某人吐露内心秘密 ‎76. confirm vt. 证实，批准，确认 ‎ confirm sth/ that/wh-‎ Rumours of job losses were later confirmed.‎ Has everyone confirmed (that) they are coming? ‎ Can you confirm what happened?‎ ‎77. conflict n./v.冲突；矛盾 in conflict with ‎78. confuse vt.‎ ‎1）使糊涂，使迷惑 They confused me with conflicting accounts of what happened.‎ ‎2）混淆 ‎ confuse A with/and B ‎ Be careful not to confuse quality with quantity.‎ confusion n.迷惑；困惑 ‎1) confusion about/over sth 困惑 There is a confusion about what the correct procedure should be.‎ ‎2) confusion between A and B 混淆A和B ‎ ‎79. congratulation n. 祝贺(名词常用复数) ‎ Congratulations to you !‎ congratulate sb. on sth. ‎ 祝贺某人在某方面……‎ ‎80. connect v. ‎ ‎1) connect A to/with/ and B 使连接，联结 The towns are connected by trains and bus services.‎ ‎2) connect sth (to sth) 接通，使…连接 ‎ First connect the printer to the computer.‎ ‎3) connect sb / sth (with sb / sth) ‎ be connected with 与…有联系/关联 Theory is closely connected with practice.‎ ‎4)为某人接通电话 ‎ Hold on, please, I’m trying to connect you.‎ ‎81. connection n. 连接物，接触，联系 ‎ in connection with sb/ sth 与...…有关 A man has been arrested in connection with the murder of the manager.‎ ‎82. consequence n.结果，后果；重要性 as a consequence /result ‎ in consequence 结果 as a consequence /result of in consequence of 由于 ‎83. consider v.认为；把……看做 ;考虑 ‎ consider sth/doing sth/wh- 考虑 ‎ We are considering buying a new car. ‎ He was considering what to do next.‎ consider sb/sth (as /to be) sth 认为 ‎ This award is considered (to be ) a great honor.‎ sb be considered to have done sth 认为某人已经做了某事 Bell is considered to have invented the telephone.‎ all things considered 从各方面看来，总而言之 ‎84. considerate adj.体贴的；考虑周到的 It is considerate of him to wait. ‎ considering prep.‎ ‎85. consideration n.考虑 ‎ take sth into consideration 考虑到 Taking everything into consideration, the event was a great success.‎ ‎86. consist vi.包含，组成，构成 ‎ consist of 由…...组成 ‎ The committee consists of ten members.‎ consist in 在于，存在于 ‎ The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.‎ consistent adj 一致的 ‎ be consistent with 与…...一致 ‎87. construction n.建造，建设 ‎ be under construction 正在修建中 construct vt.建造，修建，创建 construct a bridge construct a theory ‎88. consult vt. ‎ ‎1) 咨询，请教 consult sb (about) sth ‎ ‎2) 与某人商量 consult (with) sb about/on sth ‎ ‎3) 查阅，查询 consult a dictionary ‎89. contain v. ‎ ‎1) 包含/括 ‎ The book contains 12 units. ‎ ‎2）含有物质/成分 Sea water contains a lot of salt.‎ ‎3）容纳、装有 ‎ The envelope contained 500 dollars.‎ container n. 容器，集装箱 ‎90. content adj. 甘愿的，满意的；n.内容 be content with 满足于 be content to do 甘愿做某事 the content of the article 文章内容 read the contents of the book 读目录 ‎91. continue v. 继续 ‎ continue doing / to do / with ‎92. contrary adj. 相反的 n.相反，反而 Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk.‎ on the contrary 相反，反之 ‎93. contribute v.‎ ‎1) 捐献，捐赠 contribute (sth) (to/ towards sth) ‎ We contributed 5000 yuan to the earthquake fund.‎ ‎2) 导致，有助于 contribute to ‎ Smoking contributes to lung cancer.‎ ‎3) 撰稿，在会议或会谈期间讲话，发表意见 contribute (sth) (to sth) ‎ She contributed (a number of articles )to the magazine.‎ We hope everyone will contribute to the discussion.‎ ‎94. contribution n.贡献，奉献 ‎ make a contribution to sth 对…做贡献 ‎95. convenience n.便利 at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候 for one’s convenience 为了某人方便 convenient adj.方便的 ‎ It is convenient for sb to do sth ‎96. convey v.传送,传达,表达 ‎ convey sth to sb ‎ convey sb/sth from …to…‎ ‎97. convince v.使确信,使信服 ‎ convince sb/ yourself of sth convince sb to do ‎ I have been trying to convince him to see a doctor.‎ convinced adj. ‎ be convinced of/ that... ‎ I am convinced that she is innocent.‎ I am convinced of her innocence.‎ ‎98. corner n. 街角； 困境； vt使…落入圈套 ‎ There is a hotel on / at the corner of the street.‎ drive / force sb into a corner 把某人逼入困境 ‎ round / around the corner 很近，在附近 ‎99. correct adj.正确的，恰当的； vt.纠正，批改 I think you’ve made the correct decision. ‎ I spent all evening correcting essays.‎ correctly adv.Have you spelled it correctly?‎ ‎100. cost n.花费；代价，损失；vt.需付费；使损失 the high / low cost of housing she saved him from the fire but at the cost of her own life.‎ at all costs 不惜任何代价 ‎ You must stop the press from finding out at all costs.‎ The hospital will cost 2 million dollars to build.‎ That one mistake almost cost him his life.‎ ‎101. count v.数数；重要 ‎ Every point in this game counts.‎ count down 倒计时 ‎ count on sb/sth 依赖 ‎ I’m counting on you to help me.‎ ‎102.couple n.两人、物；几个人、物；一对夫妻 ‎ a young / an elderly couple I saw a couple of men get out . ‎ We went there a couple of years ago.‎ ‎103. courage n.勇气 courageous adj.勇敢的 take courage (from sth) 因某事而鼓起勇气 lose courage ‎104.course n.课程；航线；进程；一道菜 take a course in art and design ‎ The plane was on/ off course.‎ an event that changed the course of history ‎ The main course was roast duck.‎ in course of sth 在...…的过程中 ‎ in / over the course of 在…期间 ‎105. cover v.遮盖；覆盖；涉及，处理；足以支付；行走一段路程；占一片面积；报道 She covered her face with her hands.‎ Much of the country is covered by forest.‎ The survey covers all aspects of the company.‎ Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.‎ ‎$ 100 should cover your expenses.‎ By sunset we had covered thirty miles.‎ The park covers an area of 1000 square kilometers.‎ She is covering the conference.‎ ‎106. crazy adj.疯狂的，愚蠢的，非常气愤的；热衷于 She must be crazy to lend him money. ‎ That noise is driving me crazy.‎ Rick is crazy about football.‎ like crazy/ mad 拼命地，疯狂地 ‎ We worked like crazy to get it done on time.‎ ‎107. credit n.信誉；信任；学分；贷款 ‎ ‎1) on credit 赊购，赊欠 ‎ ‎2) three credits 三个学分 ‎3) credit card 信用卡 ‎ ‎4) to one’s credit 值得赞扬，使受尊重 ‎( Much/ Greatly) to his credit, Jack refused to accept the gift.‎ ‎108. cross v.穿越，横过；交叉，交叠；adj.生气的，愤怒的 cross the mountains 翻过高山 ‎ She sat with her legs crossed.‎ I was cross with him for being late. ‎ across prep. run across the road ‎109. crowd n.人群； v.挤满，使拥挤 ‎ Police had to break up the crowd.‎ Crowds of people poured into the street. ‎ Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.‎ crowded adj.拥挤的 ‎ In the spring the place is crowded with skiers.‎ ‎110. cruel adj.残忍的； 引起痛苦的 ‎ be cruel to…‎ Her father’s death was a cruel blow.‎ cruelly adv. ‎ cruelty n.‎ ‎111. cure v./n.治疗；治愈 ‎ cure sb of sth find a cure for…‎ ‎112.curious adj.好奇的 be curious about … ‎ be curious to do…‎ curiously adv. ‎ curiousity n.好奇；好奇心 ‎113. custom n.风俗，习俗；个人习惯 It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.‎ It was her custom to rise early.‎ ‎114.cut ‎ n. 伤口；切口；削减；（服装等的）式样 vt. 切割；削减；缩短 have one’s hair cut His salary has been cut by ten percent. ‎ 他的薪金减少了10%。‎ cut through 抄近路穿过；走近路 cut down 砍倒；削减，缩小 ‎ We need to cut the article down to 1000 words.‎ cut in 插嘴；打断 ‎ She kept cutting in on our conversation.‎ cut off 停止，中断；割掉，砍掉； 切断…的去路，以外界隔绝 Our water supply has been cut off.‎ He had his finger cut off in an accident at work.‎ The army was cut off from its base.‎ cut up 切碎 ‎ He cut up the meat on his plate.‎ cut sth out of sth 裁剪 ‎ She cut the dress out of some old materials.‎ D（68）‎ ‎1. daily n.日报 adj.日常的；每日的 adv.日常地；每日地 ‎ a daily visit ‎ be visited daily The story was in all the dailies（日报）.‎ ‎2. damage n./v.损害；损毁 ‎ The storm did/caused great damage to the country.‎ Smoking seriously damages your health.‎ ‎3. danger n.危险 ‎ How many workers are in danger of losing their jobs?‎ Doctors said she is now out of danger. ‎ Police said the man was a danger to the public.‎ dangerous adj.危险的 ‎ It would be dangerous for you to stay here.‎ ‎4. dare v./aux.敢，胆敢 ‎ He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought.‎ How dare you... 你竟敢...... ‎ How dare you talk to me like that?‎ I dare say 我想，很可能 ‎ I dare say you know about it already.‎ ‎5. date n.日期，约会，枣 v.注明日期，始于，约会 ‎ We need to fix a date for the next meeting .‎ date back to/date from 追溯到......‎ a law dating from the 17th century ‎ make a date 约会 ‎6. dawn n.黎明；开端 ‎ They start work at dawn.‎ We arrived in Sydney as dawn broke. ‎ He works from dawn till dusk.‎ ‎7. deal-dealt-dealt v.处理；讨论；对待；做生意 ‎ deal with 对付，应付；解决，处理；涉及，关于 She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.‎ Have you dealt with these letters yet?‎ Her poems often deal with the subject of death. ‎ deal n.交易；（美）政策；待遇；份量 ‎ a good/great deal of 大量的（修饰不可数名词）‎ They spent a great deal of money. ‎ It is a deal. 就这么办吧！‎ ‎8. debt n.债务，欠款 pay off the debts 偿清债务 ‎ be in debt 欠债 go/get/run/slip into debt 陷入债务之中 ‎9. decision n.决定 ‎ make a decision ‎10. declare v.公布，宣布；声明，断言 The government has declared a state of emergency（紧急状态）.‎ Germany declared war on France on 1 August 1914.‎ He declared that he was in love with her.‎ declare for 声明支持 ‎ declare against 声明反对 ‎11. decline v.拒绝，谢绝，下降 The number of tourists declined by 10%. ‎ Her health was declining rapidly.‎ I offered to give them a lift but they declined with thanks.‎ ‎12. decorate v.装饰；修饰 ‎ decoration n.装饰，装饰品，奖章 decorate A with B 装点，布置 ‎ decorate sb. for bravery 因为勇敢授予某人奖章 ‎13. decrease v. (使) 减少，变小 ‎ decrease (sth.) to 1000 减少到1000（表减少的结果） ‎ decrease (sth.) by 10% 减少了10%（表减少的幅度）‎ ‎14. deed n.事迹 ‎ do a good deed ‎15. defeat n. 失败的事实；击败的行为 vt.击败，战胜 a narrow defeat 惜败 ‎ a heavy defeat 惨败 ‎ admit defeat He defeated the champion.‎ ‎16. defend v.保卫； 抵御；辩护 We are trained to defend ourselves against knife attacks.‎ 我们都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。‎ Troops have been sent to defend the borders. ‎ 已派出部队去守卫边疆。‎ He defended his wife against rumours and allegations.‎ 针对谣言和指控他为妻子进行了辩护。‎ defence n.保卫； 抵御；辩护 ‎ Soldiers who died in defence of their country ‎17. degree n.度数（角）； 度数（温度）；程度； 学位 ‎ an angle（角，角度） of ninety degrees Water freezes at zero degree. ‎ to a certain degree 在某种程度上 I agree with you to a certain degree.‎ He has a master’s degree from Harvard.‎ ‎18. delay n./v.延期；耽搁 ‎ a delay of two hours ‎ a two-hour delay report it to the police without delay Thousands of passengers were delayed for over an hour.‎ delay doing ‎ He delayed telling her news,waiting for the right moment.‎ ‎19. delight n.快乐,高兴,乐事 v.使快乐/高兴 to the delight of sb ‎ with delight take (great) delight in doing He takes great delight in proving others wrong.‎ The guitar is a delight to play.‎ delight in sth/doing sth 喜欢（做）某事 delighted adj.感到快乐/高兴的 He was delighted at the news of the wedding.‎ ‎20. deliver v.接生，运送，发表（演讲等） ‎ deliver a baby Do you have your milk delivered?‎ She is due to deliver a lecture. 安排她做一个演讲。‎ ‎21. demand v./n.要求；需要 meet/satisfy one’s demands ‎ in demand 被需要的 ‎ Good secretaries are always in demand. ‎ I demand to see the manager.‎ I demand that all the books be sent toTibet.‎ ‎22. depend v.依赖；依靠；取决于 ‎ depend on 依赖；依靠；取决于 ‎ He was the sort of person you could depend on.‎ Depend upon it we won’t give up. 请相信我们绝不会放弃。 ‎ It/That depends. 视情况而定。‎ ‎23. describe v.描述，形容 description n.描述，形容 ‎ Can you describe him to me? ‎ a brief/general description ‎24. design v.设计；构思 n.设计；图案 ‎ design a car/a kitchen ‎ a badly designed kitchen be designed for ‎ The film is designed for children.‎ be designed to do ‎ The programme is designed to help poor people.‎ ‎25. desire n./v.渴望；要求 ‎ we all desire health and happiness. ‎ a strong desire for power ‎26. destroy v.毁坏（不能修复）‎ The building was completely destroyed by fire.‎ ‎27. determine v.下定决心；决定 ‎ determine to do 下定决心/决定做某事 They determined to start early.‎ be determined to do 下定决心做某事 I am determined to succeed.‎ determination n.决心 He fought the illness with courage and determination.‎ ‎28. develop v.发展，壮大； 疾病开始侵袭；冲洗 She developed the company from nothing. ‎ I had the film（胶卷） developed.‎ Her son developed asthma（哮喘） when he was two. ‎ develop a habit 养成习惯 developed adj.发达的；成熟的 developing adj.发展中的 ‎ development n. 发展；开发；发育 with the development of science and technology 随着科技的发展 ‎29. devotion n. 献身，奉献；忠诚；热爱 ‎ devote v.奉献，贡献 ‎ devote oneself/one’s time/one’s energy to sth./doing sth.‎ be devoted to sth/doing sth 献身于......‎ ‎30.diary n.日记 ‎ keep a diary 记日记 ‎31. dictation n.听写 ‎ have a dictation ‎32. diet n.饮食；节食 ‎ go/be on a diet 节食 ‎33. different adj.不同的 ‎ A be different from B in sth. A和B在......方面不同。‎ difference n.区别 tell the difference between A and B in sth 区分A和B在......方面的不同。 ‎ make a/no/some difference to sb/sth 对......有作用（影响）/没有作用（影响）/有一些作用（影响）‎ The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.‎ ‎34. difficult adj.困难的 ‎ difficulty n.困难 ‎ have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 have difficulty with n.做某事有困难 ‎35. dig (dug ,dug ,digging) v.挖；挖掘 dig a hole（洞） ‎ dig sth up 掘地，平整土地；挖掘出 ‎36. direction n.方向，指导 ‎ in the direction of… 朝…...方向 ‎ in all directions 朝四面八方 under sb’s direction 在……指导下 ‎37. disabled a.残废的，残疾的 ‎ The disabled were sent to the hospital.‎ ‎38. disadvantage n.缺点；不利条件 advantages and disadvantages 利弊 ‎ take advantage of 利用......‎ have an advantage over 优于…...‎ ‎39. disagree vi.意见不一致，持不同意见 disagree with what sb. said ‎ disagree on/about sth 就某事达成一致意见 sth disagree with sb 食物天气等使某人身体不适 ‎40. disappoint v.使…..失望 ‎ The movie disappointed me.‎ disappointed adj.感到失望的 disappointing adj.令人失望的 be disappointed with ‎ be disappointed to see/hear/find a disappointed expression 失望的表情 ‎ disappointing news 令人失望的消息 disappointment n.失望；令人失望的人(或事)‎ much to one’s disappointment 非常令某人失望的是 be a disappointment to sb ‎ ‎41. discount n.折扣 ‎ discount price 折扣价 at a discount 以折扣价 ‎42. discourage v.使气馁；阻止 discourage sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 ‎ discouraged adj.感到气馁的 discouraging adj.令人气馁的 ‎ discouragement n. 气馁；阻止 ‎43. discover v.发现；发觉 discovery n.发现；发觉 ‎ make a discovery ‎44. discuss v.讨论 ‎ discuss sth with sb discussion n.讨论 under discussion 处于讨论之中 ‎ have/hold a discussion 进行一次讨论 ‎45. dish n.盘子，餐具 ‎ I’ll do the dishes. 我来洗碗。‎ ‎46. dislike v.不喜欢，厌恶 ‎ ‎1) dislike doing ‎ ‎2) dislike it + 从句 ‎47. dismiss v. ‎ ‎1) 拒绝考虑 ‎ dismiss sth as He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.‎ 他只是笑笑，就以不实际为由拒绝了我的建议。‎ ‎2）解雇 ‎ dismiss sb for sth 因某事拒绝某人 ‎ ‎3) 打发走，解散 ‎ The teacher will dismiss the class early today because of the snow .‎ ‎48.distance n.距离；远处 ‎ distant adj.远的 ‎ in the distance 在远处 ‎ at a distance of num. 隔着…...的距离 ‎49. distinction n.区别，差别；卓越，优秀 ‎1）make/draw a distinction 区别对待 ‎ ‎2）the distinction between A and B ‎3) of great distinction 卓越的 ‎ ‎4）have the distinction of doing sth 有荣誉殊荣做某事 ‎50. distinguish v.区别，辨别 ‎ distinguish between A and B =distinguishA ‎ from B ‎51. divide v.划分；分配；除 ‎ divide sth （up） into 把…..分成…..份 divide sth （up） between/among sb 在…...之间均分 The food was divided among all the people. ‎ Nine divided by three is three.‎ Opinions are divided on the problem.‎ ‎52. divorce v./n.离婚，离异 ‎1) n. get a divorce 离婚 divorce rate 离婚率 ‎ ‎2) v. get divorced 离婚 ‎53. donate v.捐赠,捐献 ‎ donate sth to sb/sth donation n.捐款，捐赠物；捐赠；捐献 organ donation 器官捐赠 ‎ make a donation to 向......捐赠 ‎54. doubt n./v. 怀疑 ‎ I never doubted that she would come.‎ I doubted whether/if she would come. ‎ without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问 there is no doubt about sth. ......是毫无疑问的。‎ ‎55. downstairs adv.到楼下，在楼下 ‎ go downstairs 去楼下 ‎56.downtown adj.市中心的 adv.往市中心区 ‎ a downtown office 市中心的办公室 go downtown 去市中心 ‎57. dozen n.打；十二个 ‎2 dozen eggs ‎ ‎2 dozen of these eggs ‎ dozens of eggs 许多鸡蛋；几十个鸡蛋 sell eggs by the dozen 按打卖鸡蛋 ‎58. drag-dragged-dragged v.拖，拽 ‎ ‎1) drag a leg ‎ ‎2) drag sb down（沮丧的） 使某人感到不愉快 ‎59. draw-drew-drawn v.画； 拉，拖；吸引 draw the curtains ‎ draw sb’s attention to sth ‎ draw a conclusion 得出结论 draw near 临近，接近 ‎ Christmas is drawing near.‎ ‎60. dream n./v. 做梦 ‎ dream of/about + n/doing ‎ dream a good dream ‎61. dress n.衣服 v.给......穿衣服；打扮 She dressed the child in a coat.‎ She dressed well/badly. ‎ be dressed in 穿着（表示状态） ‎ get dressed in 穿（表示动作)‎ dress up 打扮 ‎ ‎62. drink-drank-drunk v.喝 drink n.饮料 drink to 为……干杯 ‎ Let’s drink to the friendship between us.‎ drunk/drunken 喝醉的 ‎ ‎63. drive v.驾驶， 开车； 驱逐； 迫使 drive a car/taxi ‎ drive sb mad 使某人发疯 ‎64. drop n.滴 v. 落下； 降低； 倒下 The fruit dropped down from the tree.‎ The price of sugar will drop soon. ‎ drop behind 落在后面 drop in on sb/at sp 顺便拜访某人/某地 drop off 下降，减退； 睡着了，打盹 drop out 退学；推出 ‎ ‎65. drown v.淹死/溺死； 淹没 ‎ a drowned man 一个溺死的人 The noise of the train drowned his voice.‎ ‎66.drug n.药；毒品 take drugs 吸毒 ‎ drug addict 吸毒上瘾的人 ‎67.dry adj.干的 v.弄干 dry up 干涸 ；枯竭，耗尽 ‎68. due adj.到期的，预期的，应付的，应得的 be due to sb/sth 因为，由于 ‎ The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.‎ be due to do 预期做某事 ‎ The next train is due to arrive in five minutes.‎ E（45）‎ ‎1. eager adj. 渴望的 ‎ be eager for sth ‎ be eager to do ‎2. earn v. 挣；获得 earn a living /earn one’s living 谋生 ‎ she earns the respect of her students.‎ ‎3. easy adj. 容易的；从容的 ‎ Easier said than done 说时容易做时难。 ‎ Take it easy. 别急/放松。‎ ‎4. educate v. 教育， 培养 ‎ educated a. 受过教育的 ‎ an educated person education n. 教育 ‎ receive a good education ‎5. effect n. 影响，效果 ‎ cause and effect 因果 ‎ bring sth into effect 使......生效 come into effect 生效 ‎ take effect 开始起作用，见效 have a… effect on sb/sth 对某人/某物有…...的影响 The medicine soon took effect. ‎ New controls come into effect next month.‎ Does television have an effect an children’s behaviour? ‎ affect v. 影响，感动 ‎ Does television affect children’s behaviour?‎ ‎6. effort n. 努力 ‎ make an effort /make every effort/ make efforts做出努力 spare no effort(s) to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 ‎7. elder n. 长者；长辈；adj. 年纪较长的（只做定语）‎ elder sister 大姐 Children have no respect for their elders nowadays.‎ ‎8. elect v.（投票）选举 ‎ elect sb. (as)… ‎ election n. 选举；当选；选择权 ‎ win/lose a election ‎ run for election 参加竞选 ‎9. 1）electrical a. 有关电的，电器的 ‎ electrical equipment 电器设备 engineer 电气工程师 ‎2）electric 用电的，带电的，电动的 ‎ electric current 电流 electric shock 电击 ‎ electric blanket ‎3）electronic 电子的 ‎ electronic calendar 电子日历 ‎10. else adj. 别的/其他的（做后置定语） adv. 其他；否则；另外 or else 否则 You can use somebody else’s car. ‎ Who else can do it? ‎ ‎11. embarrass v.使尴尬 embarrassed 感到尴尬的 embarrassing 令人尴尬的 embarrassment 尴尬 ‎ feel embarrassed about ‎ ‎12. emergency n. 紧急情况 ‎ in case of (an) emergency 假使有紧急情况 ‎13. encouragement n. 鼓励 encourage v.鼓励 encourage sb to do sth ‎14. end n.末尾;终点;结束 v.结束;终止 ‎ bring sth to an end=put an end to sth 结束某事 ‎ end up doing 结果......‎ come to an end 结束 ‎ end up with 以......结束 ‎15. energy n. 精力 be full of energy energetic a. 精力旺盛的，精力充沛的 ‎ energetically adv. ‎ ‎16. enough n. 足够 adj.足够的，充分的 ad.足够地，充分地 I can’t thank you enough.=I can’t thank you too much. 再怎么感谢你都不够（我非常感谢你）。‎ old enough to go to school 足够大了可以去上学了 There are enough chairs for the guests.‎ ‎17. enter vt. 进入 ,参加 ‎ entrance 入口，入学 ‎ enter a room ‎ enter for… 报名参加…‎ enter the competition 参加比赛 the entrance to the hall 大厅入口 the college entrance exanimation 大学入学考试 ‎18. enthusiastic a. 热情的，热心的 be enthusiastic about ‎ enthusiastically adv. ‎ ‎19. entry n.进入，登记 You should add an entry to this section. ‎ 你应该给这部分增加一个入口。‎ ‎20. environment n. 环境 protect the environment ‎ environmentally friendly 环保的 ‎21. envy vt./n. 嫉妒，羡慕 envy sb sth ‎ the envy of sb 某人羡慕/嫉妒的人/物 ‎22. equal adj.平等的，相同的 n. 对手；匹敌；相等的事物 vt.等于，比得上 be equal to sth/doing ‎ He has no equal in music. ‎ 他在音乐方面没有对手。‎ ‎23. equip vt.提供设备；装备；配备；训练 ‎ equip…with... 用......装备...... ‎ be fully equipped 装备齐全的 ‎ The course is designed to equip（训练）students for a career in nursing.‎ equipment (不可数)装备/设备 ‎ a piece of equipment 一件设备 ‎24. escape v./n. 逃跑，逃脱 escape +n/doing 逃脱…... ‎ escape from...… 逃离（地点）‎ a narrow escape 九死一生 ‎26. every other day= every second day= every two days ‎ 每隔一天/每两天 every few days 每几天 ‎27. exact adj. 精确的；准确的 to be exact 确切的说 ‎ exactly adv.精确地 ‎ This is exactly what he needs.‎ ‎28. examine vt.检查；测试 have one’s eyes examined 检查某人的视力 ‎29. example n. 榜样 ‎ set an example to/for sb 为某人树立榜样 ‎ take sth for example 以......为榜样 follow sb’s example 以某人为榜样 ‎30. except prep. 除…...之外 His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.‎ I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money.‎ ‎31. exchange n./v.交换，交流 ‎1）fair exchange 公平的交换 ‎2) in exchange 作为交换 ‎ He gave me a book and I gave him a pen in exchange.‎ ‎3) in exchange for sth 和...…交换 ‎ I took his watch in exchange for camera.‎ ‎4)exchange A for B =exchange B with A ‎ exchange greetings ‎32. excite vt. 使兴奋/使激动 If the loud noise excites the lion, he may attack you.‎ excited adj.感到兴奋的 exciting adj.令人兴奋的 We are excited to hear the exciting news. ‎ in an excited voice ‎33. exist vi. 存在 ‎ There exists no life on the moon.‎ existence n. 存在 ‎ come into existence 开始存在，成立 ‎ be in existence 存在 ‎35. expect v.期望，认为，预计 You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.‎ expect sth of/from sb. ‎ expect too much of sb ‎ I expect so. 我希望如此。‎ I don’t expect so. 我不希望如此。‎ expectation n.期望，预计 beyond (all) expectation(s) 出乎意料 ‎ contrary to (all) expectations 和预料相反 come up to one’s expectations 达到某人期望的水平 ‎ in expectation of 期望/预计（有某种情况） ‎ He closed the windows in expectation of rain. 他预计有雨，关上了窗户。‎ ‎36. experience n. 经历(c) ；经验(un) v. 经历,体验 experience a different culture ‎ experienced adj.有经验的 be experienced in sth/doing=have experience in sth/ doing ‎37. experiment n.实验 v.进行试验 make/do/perform/carry out an experiment experiment on/upon/with 对......进行试验 ‎38. expert n.专家 adj. 熟练的，有经验的 He is an expert cook. ‎ be expert at ‎ He is expert at playing the piano.‎ ‎39. explain v. 解释 explain sth to sb ‎ explanation n. 解释 ‎40. exploit vt. 利用, 剥削，开采，开发 In the past, farmers were exploited by landlords（地主）.‎ We must exploit the country s mineral resources ‎ exploitation n. ‎ ‎41. explore vt./vi. 探索；探测；探险 ‎ explore sth for sth exploration n. ‎ oil exploration ‎43. expose v.揭露 暴露（尤指对令人震惊的或故意保密的事实）‎ My job as a journalist is to expose the truth.‎ He smiled，exposing a set of amazingly white teeth.‎ Don’t expose a baby to strong sunlight.‎ ‎44. express v.表达，快递 adj.快的 n. 快车，快递 ‎ expression n.表达/语句/表情/神色 You are free to express yourselves in class. ‎ have a worried（感到担心的）expression on one’s face.‎ ‎45. eye n. 眼睛；视力；眼光；见解，观点 ‎ have an eye for sth 对…...有鉴赏力 ‎ keep an eye on sb/sth 照看/留意......‎ catch one’s eye 吸引某人注意力 F（40）‎ ‎1. face n.脸， 表情 v.面对，面向，正视 ‎ face sth 面朝/面对...... ‎ be faced with 面对/遇到......‎ ‎2. fade v. 褪色；凋谢；逐渐消失 ‎ The sun had faded the curtains. 太阳把窗帘晒褪了色。‎ fade away (to disappear gradually) 逐渐消失 ‎ ‎3. fail v.失败，不及格，衰退 fail to do sth 做某事失败 ‎ Words failed me. 我无话可说。 ‎ My eyesight failed. 我的视力减弱了。‎ If rain fails, the farmers will suffer.‎ I fail to see why you won’t give it a try.‎ failure n. 失败，失败的人或事 Failure is the mother of success The man is a failure. ‎ The party was a failure.‎ ‎4. fair adj.公平的，相当的，白皙的，晴朗的, 金黄的 n.博览会，集市 a fair price fair skin a fair day ‎ fair hair ‎ fairly pretty 相当美丽 ‎5. fall n.秋季，跌倒；v.降落，突然到来； 进入…...状态 fall ill/asleep/silent 病了着了/沉默了 ‎ fall behind 落后 fall over 跌倒 ‎ A sudden silence fell.‎ My birthday falls on a Monday this year.‎ ‎6. fantastic adj. 奇异的；极好的 That s an fantastic idea.‎ ‎7. far adj.远的；久远的 adv. 很；遥远地；久远地；到很深的程度 far from 离…...远； 远远不…... ‎ His work is far from satisfactory.‎ As far as I can see= In my opinion=Personally依我看…...‎ ‎8. fault n. 缺点，毛病 ‎ Why should I say sorry when it’s not my fault?‎ ‎9. favor n. 恩惠，喜爱，赞成；帮忙 v. 赞成；喜欢 Could you do me a favor?‎ Can I ask a favor? 请帮个忙好吗？ ‎ We are all in favor of the plan. 我们都赞成这个计划。‎ ‎10. feast n.盛宴，宴会 v.宴请；款待；参加宴会 feast your eyes 大饱眼福 ‎ a wedding feast The evening was a real feast for music lovers.‎ ‎11. feed v.喂养，饲养，供养 ‎ They have a large family to feed.‎ We feed horses on grass.(We feed grass to horses.)‎ ‎12. feel v. 感觉，发觉，意识到，摸上去 n. 感觉；触摸 She couldn’t feel her legs.他的双腿失去了知觉。‎ You will feel better after a good night’s sleep.‎ feel oneself 感觉身体正常 I am not quite feeling myself today. ‎ feel one's way 摸索着前进 ‎ The blind man felt his way along the road. ‎ feel like（doing）sth 感觉像/喜欢......‎ ‎13. few adj. 很少的；几乎没有的 pron. 很少 quite a few 相当多 a good few 相当多 ‎14. figure n. 数字，图形，身材，重要人物 v.计算；认为 be round in figure 呈圆形 ‎ have a good figure 身材好 figure out 解决；算出；想出；理解 figure out a problem 算出一道题 ‎ I couldn’t figure out who he was.我想不出他是谁。‎ ‎15. fill v. 填满，装满 n. 填满的量；填充物 ‎ Fill the glass with water.‎ A big crowd filled the hall. ‎ Her eyes suddenly filled with tears.‎ fill in 填写；填充 fill in the blank（空白表格）‎ fill in the hole（洞）‎ fill up 装满 ‎16. film n. 电影；薄膜；胶卷 v.在…...上覆以薄膜；把…...拍成电影 ‎ develop a film 冲洗交卷 a film of dust 薄薄的一层灰尘 Everything was covered in a film of dust.‎ ‎17. find v.(found,found) 找到，发现，感到 ‎ I find it necessary to find a good map.‎ When she came to, she found herself lying in bed.‎ The teacher found herself surrounded by her students.‎ I wanted to talk to him but he was nowhere to be found.‎ ‎18. fire n. 火；火灾；热情 vt. 点燃；解雇 be on fire 着火了 ‎19. fit n.合适 adj.合适的，健康的 v.安装；（使）合适 be fit for 适合于......‎ be fit to do sth. 适合做某事 keep fit 保持健康 ‎20. fix v.修理，安装，固定，解决 ‎ Has the date of the meeting been fixed?‎ The car can’t start—can you fix it?‎ All the students are listening to the teacher with their eyes fixed on the blackboard.‎ This is a fixed phrase（固定短语）.‎ ‎21. flash n. 闪光，一瞬间 v.（使）闪光/闪现 Memories flashed through my mind.往事历历在目。 ‎ a flash of lightning 一道闪电 in a flash 在一瞬间 ‎22. flesh n.肉；肉体 your own flesh and blood 你自己的亲骨肉 in the flesh 亲自，本人 ‎23. flood n. 洪水，一大阵 v. 淹没 The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。‎ What a flood of rain. 好大一阵雨。 ‎ Letters flooded the office. 信件大量涌入办事处。‎ Warmth flooded my heart. 我心里热乎乎的。‎ ‎24. floor n.地板，楼层，（议会的）发言权 ‎ take the floor 发言 live on the third floor ‎ have/get the floor 取得发言权 ‎25. fluent adj. 流利的 He is fluent in English. ‎ He speaks fluent English fluently adv. ‎ fluency n. ‎ ‎26. fly v.(flew, flown) 飞，飞行，放，飘， n. 飞行，苍蝇 Birds fly in the sky. ‎ A flag flies in the wind.‎ How time flies. 时间飞逝。 ‎ The door flew open. 门突然开了。‎ ‎27. focus vt. 集中 n.焦点，引人注目的中心 focus one's eyes focus one's attention ‎ Eyes were focused on him ‎28. follow v. 跟随；追随；效仿 follow sb up the stairs follow one’s example 以某人为榜样 follow this road in the following years ‎ Their requirements are as follows. ‎ Do you follow me?‎ The teacher came in, followed by some students.‎ ‎29. fool n.傻瓜 v.愚弄，欺骗 ‎ make a fool of sb 愚弄/欺骗某人 fool sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事 ‎ April Fools'Day 愚人节 ‎30. for prep. 为，为了；因为；给；对于；至于；适合于 conj. 因为 ten for a dollar take sb for a fool a ticket for tomorrow ‎ He is tall for his age.‎ ‎31. forbid v.禁止；不许 forbid sb. from doing ‎ forbid sb.to do ‎ forbid doing ‎ the Forbidden City 故宫 ‎32. force v.强迫，迫使 n. 力量；武力；军队 force sb to do sth ‎ force sb into doing ‎ force one’s way ‎ force a smile ‎ ‎33. forget v.忘记 ‎ forget to do sth 忘记做某事（未做）‎ forget doing 忘记做过某事 Don’t forget me to your mother. ‎ You must do it before you forget it.‎ forget about sth 别再想…... ‎ Forget it. 不必再提。‎ ‎34. fortune n.财富；运气 ‎ seek one’s fortune 寻找发财的机会 make one’s fortune 发财 ‎35. free v.自由的，空闲的，免费的 be free from/of 免于；没有…的，不受…影响的 for free 免费地 free sb from(of) ‎ a tax-free shop 免税店 a smoke-free room 无烟房间 ‎36. freeze v. 冻结；冷冻；僵硬 Water freezes at zero degrees centigrade.‎ I am freezing.我快冻僵了。 ‎ Smiles froze on her face.笑容在她脸上僵住了。‎ freeze to death ‎ freezing cold 非常冷 ‎37. fresh adj.新鲜的；清新的；淡水的；无经验的 ‎ fresh air/water/color/news ‎38. friend n. 朋友 make friends with sb ‎ friendly adj友好的 ‎39. fun n. 乐趣；玩笑；有趣的人或事 It is great fun to swim in a pool in summer.‎ have fun doing 做某事有趣 ‎ just for fun 只是为了好玩 ‎ make fun of sb 取笑某人 ‎40. function n. 功能，作用，职责 v. 起作用，正常工作 ‎ The machine functions well.‎ G（18）‎ ‎1. gain n.收益，获利 v.获得，赚得，赢得 ‎ gain knowledge The clock gains one minute a day. 这座钟一天块一分钟。 ‎ He gained 10kg in weight. ‎ No pains, no gains. 没有付出，就没有收获。‎ ‎2. gather vt/vi 聚集，采集 ‎ n. gathering ‎ gather breath 缓一口气 gather courage 鼓起勇气 gather strength 积蓄/获得力量 ‎ She gathered a crowd around her. 她周围聚集了一群人。‎ A crowd of people gathered around her. ‎ The train was gathering speed.‎ ‎3. generous adj. 慷慨大方的，丰盛的 generosity n. ‎ be generous to sb 对某人慷慨 a generous meal 一顿丰盛的饭 It's generous of you to lend me the car. ‎ ‎4. get v. 成为，得到，到达 ，使/让，理解 ‎ Mother often gets me to wash the dishes.‎ The machine broke down. Can you get it working?‎ I am going to get my bike repaired. ‎ You got it. 你明白了。（言外之意：我就是这个意思。）‎ Hard work can get you somewhere.‎ get sth across to sb 使人理解某事 ‎ get along with 和......相处 ‎ get down to doing sth 开始认真做某事 get rid of 消除，摆脱 ‎ get round （消息）传开；走动 ‎ get away with 侥幸逃脱 get away from 摆脱，逃离 ‎ ‎5. gift n. 赠品，礼物 ‎ a birthday gift ‎ have a gift for 有......的天赋 ‎ a man of many gifts ‎ gifted = talented 有天赋的 ‎ a gifted student ‎6. give v. 递给，付出，给予 give out 分发，公布，用尽，精疲力竭 give up 放弃 give in 屈服 give away 赠送，泄露 give off 发出（光等）‎ ‎7. glory n. 荣誉，光荣，赞美 glorious adj. ‎ It s a great glory to die for our country.‎ ‎8. go v.去，走，到，变得，讲，流传 n.去，进行，尝试 ‎ All the money he got went in books. 他的所有钱都用来买书了。‎ The story goes that there was a mean landlord named ZhouBapi. 这个故事讲的是，有一个叫周扒皮的吝啬的地主。‎ Where does the book go? ‎ There are five minutes to go. 还剩五分钟了。‎ There is a long way to go.‎ go hungry/thirsty/mad/bad/wrong ‎ have a go 试试 ‎ be on the go 忙碌 ‎9. good adj. 好的，愉快的 n.好处，善行 have a good time doing sth. ‎ a good few books 不少书 a good many books 大量的书 ‎ give sb a good beating 给人一顿痛打 ‎ as good as 和...…一样好，几乎 be good at English ‎ be good for 对...有好处 ‎ be good to sb 对某人好 do good to sb=do sb good 对某人又好处 ‎ It is no good doing sth. 做某事是没有好处的。‎ ‎10. grasp vt. 抓牢，抓紧，理解，领会 ‎ He suddenly grasped my arm. ‎ He grasped what I said. ‎ ‎11. grateful adj.感激的，感谢的 be grateful for/that... ‎ I’m so grateful for all your help.‎ She was grateful that he helped him a lot.‎ ‎12. greedy adj. 贪婪的 be greedy for power 贪图权利的 ‎ It’s greedy for you to take so money. ‎ ‎13. greet v. 招呼，迎接，入（耳），触（目），扑（鼻）‎ greet sb with a nod 点头示意 ‎ greet the New Year 迎接新年 A sweet smell greets the nose.香气扑鼻。‎ ‎14. grow vt/vi/link.v 成长，渐渐变得，发展 He grew tall/old.‎ I grew to like the dog.(grow to do=come to do) 我渐渐开始喜欢这条狗。 ‎ a growing number of people 越来越多的人 ‎15. guarantee v./n.保证 guarantee sb. sth. ‎ guarantee to do ‎ guarantee that …‎ I guarantee you a wonderful film. ‎ I can’t guarantee to work for more than a year.‎ I guarantee that you’ll love this film. ‎ ‎16. guess v./n. 猜测，认为，推测 What do you guess has happened to him? ‎ I guess so./I guess not.‎ You have guessed it. 你已经猜到了。‎ ‎17. guidance n. 引导，指导，建议 under one’guidance ‎ guide v./n. 引导，导游 ‎18. guilty adj. 有罪的，内疚的 He was guilty of murder. ‎ He was found guilty.‎ I feel guilty of what I did. ‎ H（33）‎ ‎1. habit n.习惯 ‎ form/develop the(a) habit of 形成......习惯 ‎ be in the(a)habit of 有......习惯 fall/get into the(a) habit of 染上......习惯（含贬义）‎ ‎2. hand v.传递 n.手，指针 have a hand in... 插手，参见，与......有关 ‎ give/lend sb a hand 帮助某人 hand in 上交 hand out 分发 hand down 把......传下去 ‎ from hand to hand 传递，转手 on the one hand…；on the other hand… 一方面......；另一方面......‎ ‎3. handle n. 把手 vt. 处理，应付 the handle of the door ‎ I have no idea how to handle the children.‎ ‎4. handy adj. 便利的，顺手的 ‎ It’s quite a handy little tool.‎ I always keep my gun handy just in case.‎ ‎5. hang vt/vi 绞刑，上吊，悬挂 hang one’s head in shame含羞低头 hang curtains ‎ hang out 挂出，闲逛 hang up 挂断电话，拖延 ‎6. happen v. 发生，碰巧 What happened to her?‎ It so happened that I had no money with me.‎ I happened to have no money with me.‎ ‎7. hardly adv. 几乎不，刚刚 Hardly does she go home.‎ Hardly had he got home when it began to rain.‎ ‎8. harm v./n.危害，伤害 harm sb/sth do (no) harm to sb/sth ‎ ‎9. harvest n.收获；产量；结果 v.收割；收获 A heavy snow promises a good harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。 ‎ get in the harvest 收割庄稼 ‎10. hate v. 讨厌，憎恨 hate to do/doing ‎ I hate it when people cry.‎ ‎11. have v. ‎ have (got) to 必须，不得不 ‎ have ... on 穿着(表状态，无进行时态)‎ He had a red jacket on. ‎ have sth done 使某事被做 Is this the watch you have repaired? ‎ She had her bag stolen.‎ have sb do 让某人去做某事 ‎ Who do you have type the letter?‎ have something/nothing to do with… 与......有/没有关系 have sb doing… 使某人一直做某事（与cannot/won’t连用表示不能容忍…...）‎ I have my students listening attentively. 我使学生们听得入神。‎ I can’t have people arriving late all the time. 我不能忍受人们总是迟到。‎ ‎12. head n.头，头脑，首领 v. 前往 use your head 动动脑筋 ‎ hold one’s head high趾高气扬 from head to foot/ toe从头到脚 ‎ hit sb. on the head 击中某人的头 head for sp.前往某地 ‎13. health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的 ‎ in good/bad health ‎ keep healthy healthy diet ‎14. hear v. 听到，听说 hear about/of 听说 ‎ hear from 收到某人的来信 hear sb. do/doing 听到某人做了某事/听到某人正在做某事 ‎15. heart n. 心，心脏，感情，要点 learn sth. by heart 记住 ‎ lose heart 灰心,泄气 lose one’s heart to sb.倾心于某人 ‎ heart and soul 全心全意 from the bottom of one’s heart 由衷的 ‎16. heavy adj. 重的，繁忙的，大量的，密集的 heavily adv. 密集地，大量地，笨重地，激烈的 ‎ a heavy smoker 烟瘾极大的人 ‎ heavy rain/traffic 大雨/交通繁忙 ‎ rain heavily ‎17. height n.高度，高地 at a height of 30,000 meters ‎ It’s about 2 meters high/ in height.‎ ‎18. help n./v. 帮助，促进 help sb. (to) do/with sth. ‎ help sb out of 帮助某人摆脱...…‎ can’t help doing 禁不住做...… ‎ can not help but do不得不做某事 help oneself to sth. 随便用…... ‎ with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 ‎19. helpful adj. 有帮助的，有益的 be very helpful = be of great help 有很大帮助的 ‎20. hesitate vt.犹豫 hesitation n. ‎ hesitate to do sth ‎ without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 ‎21.high adj. 高的，高级的 adv.高高地 at a high/low price ‎ in a high voice ‎ in high spirits 情绪高涨的 high adv.与 highly的区别：‎ high表示具体的含义 “高高地 ” ‎ fly high in the sky jump high highly表示的是抽象的含义 “高度地” ‎ a highly developed country 一个高度发达的国家 think/speak highly of 高度评价......‎ ‎22. history n. 历史，历史学，经历 in history 在历史上 ‎ the history of America 美国的历史 have a long history have a history of… ‎ make history 创造历史 ‎23. hit (hit , hit) v.撞 击打；袭击；突然想起 n.受欢迎的/引起轰动的人或物 hit sb. on the head An earthquake hit there.‎ An idea hit/strike/occur to me. 我突然想到一个主意。 ‎ It suddenly hit me that… 我突然想到......‎ He is a real hit. 他是个受欢迎的人。 ‎ a hit song 风行一时的歌曲 ‎24. hold（held，held）n.握住，保留，控制 v. 握住，保留，扣留，容纳 hold on 别挂断；稍等； 坚持住，挺住 hold up 支撑; 延误，耽搁；抢劫；举出例子，提出…...作为榜样 An accident is holding up traffic.‎ She’s always holding up her children as models of good behavior.‎ hold on to 抓住不放； 保住…不出卖 hold back 拦阻；向某人隐瞒（from sb.）;抑制，控制 She managed to hold back her anger/ tears.‎ hold out 坚持，维持；伸出手，递出东西； hold out my hands hold a meeting举行会议 ‎ hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 hold office/the position 任职 ‎ hold sb. prisoner 监禁某人 hold one’s head high 趾高气扬 ‎ hold together （使…...）团结一致 The plane holds about 300 passengers.‎ catch/get/take hold of 抓住，拿着 ‎25. honor n.荣誉，光荣 v. 尊敬，给......以荣誉 in honor of 为了纪念，向某人表达敬意 It’s an honor for sb. to do sth.‎ honor sb.给某人荣耀 ‎ The president honored us with a personal visit.‎ sb. be honored… 某人对......感到荣幸 ‎ I was honored to have been mentioned in his speech.‎ ‎26. hope n./v. 希望，期待 in (the) hope of…/that clause. 抱着…...的希望 He went abroad in the hope of earning a lot of money.‎ hope to do sth. ‎ I hope so./I hope not.‎ hope for… 期待着… ‎ Hope for the best, prepare for the worst I hope that you are well.‎ I wish that I were a bird.‎ ‎27. host v. 主持，主办，款待，当主人 n. 主人，主持人 ‎ the host of the TV show host the party/meeting/Olympic games ‎28. hostess v. 做东，请客 n. 女主人，女主持人 ‎29. hug（hugged，hugged） v. 拥抱，紧抱，有一段距离紧挨某物 They put their arms around each other and hugged.‎ The track hugs the coast for a mile. ‎ hug n. ‎ He stopped to receive hugs and kisses from the fans.‎ He gave her mother a big hug.‎ ‎30. humor n. 幽默 v. 迎合，迁就 humourous adj. 幽默的 I can’t stand people with no sense of humor.‎ They failed to see the humor of the situation.‎ she thought it best to humor him rather than get into an argument.‎ ‎31. hunt v. 打猎，猎杀，搜索，寻找 Lions sometimes hunt alone. ‎ Whales are being hunted and killed.‎ She is hunting for a new job. ‎ Police are hunting for an escaped criminal.‎ hunt sb down 跟踪某人 ‎ hunt out 找出 ‎32. hurry v./n. 匆忙，急忙 hurry sb up 催促某人 ‎ hurry up 快点，赶快 in a hurry 赶快 ‎33. hurt vi./vt. 使受伤，疼 hurt one’s feelings hurt one’s leg be badly hurt My leg hurts. ‎ Where does it hurt? 哪疼？‎ I（31）‎ ‎1. idea n. 想法，主意，概念 ‎ have some/no idea + 从句/of… 知道/不知道......‎ I have no idea why she left. ‎ I have no idea of his address.‎ ‎2. identity n. 身份，一致 ‎ The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer.‎ The thief used a false identity. ‎ identity card=ID card 身份证 ‎3. ill adj.生病的，坏的，邪恶的 ‎ ill与sick的区别 ‎ ill当生病讲时只做表语，sick当生病讲时可做表语也可作定语。 ‎ He was ill/sick. ‎ a sick mother have a bad/an ill effect on 对...…影响不好 ‎ ill adv. 不利地；恶劣地 speak/think ill of sb. 说某人的坏话 ‎4. illegal adj. 非法的，违法的 ‎ It is illegal to drive through a red light.‎ illegally adv. ‎ He entered the country illegally.‎ ‎5. imagine v.想象 imagine sth./doing sth. ‎ I can’t imagine life without the children now.‎ I can’t imagine his becoming a teacher.‎ ‎6. immediately adv. 立刻，立即，直接地 ‎ He answered almost immediately.‎ Turn right immediately after the church.‎ immediately conj. 一......就......‎ Immediately he had gone,I remembered his name.他一走，我就想起了他的名字。‎ immediate adj. 立刻的，立即的，直接的 an immediate reaction/response 直接的反应 ‎ take immediate action 立即采取行动 ‎7. import n./v.进口，输入 ‎ the import of electrical goods 电器的进口 All the meat is imported from France.‎ ‎8. impression n. 印象 ‎ ‎① get a good/bad impression of sb 对某人印象好/坏 ‎ a general/an overall impression 总体印象 ‎② My words made no impression on her. 我的话没有给她留下印象。‎ His trip to India makes a strong impression on him.‎ ‎③ be under the impression that 觉得，认为 I was under the impression that the work had ‎ already been completed.‎ ‎9. impress v.给......留下印象 impress sb with sth/sb 使某人对...留下印象 ‎ He impressed us with his sincerity（真诚）.‎ impress sth on/upon sb 使某人对某事印象深刻；使某人铭记......‎ He impressed on us the need for immediate action.‎ ‎10. in prep.在......之内，时髦的，从事，按照，在......方面 in a word 话说 ‎ in all 总共 in modern times ‎ be measured in tons 用吨来衡量 in that… 因为...... ‎ She was lucky in that she had friends to help her .‎ in the eighteenth century in the1990s 在20世纪90年代 in one’s twenties 在某人二十几岁的时候 in pencil/ English/ ink 用铅笔/英语/墨水 ‎ pay sth in cash 用现金支付 The wall is 3meters in height/high. ‎ The rope（绳子） is 3 meters in length/long.‎ ‎11. include v. 包含，包括 Everyone laughed, including me. (me included.)‎ ‎12. increase v./n. 增加 ‎ increase to/by 增加到/了 Great demands lead to a large increase in supply.‎ ‎13. increasingly adv. 越来越多地，不断增加地 increasingly difficult/important/popular 越来越难/重要/流行 ‎14. indicate v. 表明，暗示，指出 ‎ A red sky at night often indicated fine weather the next day.‎ In his letter, he indicated to us that he was willing to cooperate（合作）.‎ indication n. ‎ indication of sth/doing sth ‎ They gave no indication of how the work should be done. 他没有指出这项工作该如何做。‎ ‎15. industry n. 工业，产业 industrial adj. 工业的，产业的 heavy/light industry ‎16. influence n./v. 影响 have a strong influence on/upon sb/sth have influence over sb/sth 有左右某人的能力 ‎ His parents no longer have any influence over her.‎ under the influence of sb/sth 在......的影响下 ‎ He committed the crime under the influence of the drugs. 在毒品的影响下，他犯了罪。‎ Those friends are a bad influence on her. ‎ His writings have influenced the lives of millions.‎ ‎17. inform v.告知，通知 ‎ inform sb. of/that 告知某人......‎ We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.‎ keep sb. informed of 使某人得知...... ‎ ‎18. injure v.伤害，损害 ‎ He injured his knee playing football. 踢足球的时候，他伤了他的膝盖。‎ This could seriously injure the company’s reputation（名誉，荣誉）.‎ injury n. 伤害，损害；伤口 There were no injuries in the crash（坠毁）.‎ The players are out of the team because of injury. 这些运动员因为受伤退出了球队。‎ ‎19. insert v. 插入，嵌入 ‎ insert sth in/into/between sth They insert a tube（管子） in his mouth to help him breathe.‎ ‎20. insist v.坚持 ‎ The man insisted that he hadn’t stolen anything and that he (should) be set free.‎ insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事 ‎21. inspect v. 检查，视察 inspection n. 检查，视察 ‎ inspector n. 检查员，视察员 The teacher walked around inspecting their work. ‎ ‎22. instant n.瞬间，立刻，片刻 adj.立刻的 conj. 一......就......‎ instantly adv. 立即地，立刻地 The show was an instant success. ‎ instant coffee/noodles 速溶咖啡/方便面 I will be back in an instant. ‎ At the very instant, the door opened.‎ I recognized her the instant I saw her. 我一看到她就认出了她。‎ ‎23. instead adv. 代替，相反 ‎ Lee was ill, so I went instead. ‎ He didn’t reply. Instead, he left.‎ instead of 代替，而不是 Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.‎ ‎24. instruct v.指导，教授，命令 ‎ instruct sb to do ‎ She arrived at 10 o’ clock as instructed.‎ The letter instructed him to report to headquarters（总部）immediately.‎ instruction n.指导，教授，命令 ‎ follow one’s instructions ‎ carry out/ignore one’s instructs 执行/忽视某人的指导/命令 ‎25. insure vt. 确保，给......保险 ‎ Have you insured the contents of your home?‎ ‎26. intend v.想要，打算 ‎ intend (sb.)to do ‎ I intend to spend the night there.‎ intend that ‎ It is intended that these meetings will become a regular event.‎ be intended for sb./sth 专门为......准备/设计 ‎ The book, intended for children aged 5-7,sells well.‎ ‎27. intention n. 意图，目的，意向 ‎ intention of doing sth/to do sth ‎ I have no intention of going to the wedding.‎ I had every intention of paying her back what I owe her. ‎ She is full of good intentions.‎ He left England with the intention of traveling in Africa.‎ ‎28. interest n.兴趣，利息，利益 v. 使......感兴趣 ‎ interest sb. 使某人感兴趣 I bought the book that interested me most.‎ show/have/feel/express (an) interest in…‎ lose interest in… ‎ I watched the game with interest.‎ 利益(C) 常用复数形式 protect customers’ interests a place of interest/places of interest 名胜古迹 ‎29. interpreter n. 口译者，解释者 ‎ interpret v. 口译，解释 interpret the poem ‎ interpret sth as sth ‎ I didn’t know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal.‎ interpret for sb ‎ ‎30. interview v./n. 面试，采访 a television/newspaper/radio interview ‎ Which post are you being interviewed for? ‎ If you don’t interview well ,you are unlikely to get the job.‎ interviewee n. 被采访者，被面试者 interviewer n. 采访者，面试者 ‎31. introduce v. 介绍，引进 ‎ introduction n. ‎ introduce sb. to sb./oneself introduce sb. to sth.‎ It was she who first introduced me to the pleasures of sailing.‎ introduce new technology ‎ an introduction to English grammar J（6）‎ ‎1. jam n. 堵塞，困境，果酱 traffic jam 交通堵塞 ‎2. Japanese n. 日本人；日语 adj. 日本（人）的；日语的 ‎3. join v. 加入，参加，连接 ‎ join the party/army ‎ join sb. in sth./doing sth.‎ join in the game ‎ join hands with sb.‎ join A to B./join A and B ‎ The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.‎ ‎4. joke n. 玩笑，笑话 v.开玩笑 ‎ play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑 ‎ have/make a joke with sb. 和某人开玩笑 I was only joking.‎ 我只不过是在开玩笑。‎ ‎5. joy n. 快乐，高兴 ‎(much) to one’s joy ‎ light up with joy 充满快乐 joyful adj. 欢喜的；令人高兴的 ‎6. judge n. 裁判；法官 v. 判断，审判 The judge sentenced him to five years in prison.‎ ‎1Don’t judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人 ‎ judge by/from 通过......来判断 ‎ Judging by his letter, they are having a wonderful time.‎ judgement n. 判决 ‎ pass judgement on sb sth 通过对…...的判决 K（7）‎ ‎1. keep v. ‎ keep (on)doing 一直做…... ‎ Why do you keep laughing all the time? 你为什么一直在笑?‎ He is always keeping (on ) asking me the same question.‎ keep a secret 保守秘密 keep one’s word 遵守诺言 keep a record 保持记录 ‎ keep sb/sth from doing 阻止某人做某事 keep the door open keep her waiting keep sb. informed of…‎ keep calm/healthy ‎ keep up with 跟上 ‎ keep up (天气)持续不变 ‎ The rain kept up all afternoon.‎ keep back 隐瞒；阻止；留下 keep sth back from sb. 向某人隐瞒 keep away from 远离 ‎ keep off 不接触 ‎ Keep off grass!‎ ‎2. key n. 答案，关键，琴键 the key to success 成功的关键 ‎3. kind adj . 善良的，友好的 n.种类 be kind to sb. 对某人友好的 a kind of ‎ all kinds of ‎ kind of 稍微，有点儿 ‎ That made me feel kind of stupid.‎ ‎4. knee n.膝盖 get down on one’s knees 跪着 ‎5. knock v./n. 敲，批评 knock at the door 敲门 ‎ knock around/about 漫游/虐待 knock down 撞到/拆掉 ‎ knock over 撞翻 ‎ ‎6. know v. 认识；知道；了解 know of/about 知道，获悉，了解 ‎ be known for/as ‎ get to know sb. 逐渐了解...…‎ ‎7. knowledge n.知识 Knowledge is power. ‎ have a good knowledge of… 很好的了解/掌握......‎ L（40）‎ ‎1. lack v.缺乏，不足，需要 lack (for) 缺少......‎ He never lacks for money or friends.他从来不缺钱或朋友。‎ a lack of money 缺钱 for lack of … 因为缺乏…... ‎ be lacking in 缺乏...…‎ ‎2. last adj.最后的，最近的，最不可能......的 adv.最后地，最近，最后一点 n.最后，上个 v.持续 the last person/thing 最不可能的、最想不到的人/事 He’s the last person I’d trust. 他是我最不愿相信的人。 ‎ last but not （the） least 最后但是同样重要的是 He was the last to arrive. ‎ The war lasted (for) 3 years. 战争持续了三年。‎ ‎3. late adj. 迟的，晚的，已故的，最近的 adv.晚，迟，最近 be late for… ‎ in the late 1970s get up late ‎ late in the afternoon 傍晚 better late than never 迟到总比不到好 It’s never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢。‎ of late = lately/recently 最近，近来 ‎ I haven’t seen him of late.‎ ‎4. lately = recently 最近，近来 ‎5. later adj. 更迟的 adv. 后来，稍后 ‎ sooner or later 迟早 ‎ no later than… 不迟于......‎ later on 后来 ‎ Much later on, she realizes what he had meant. 许久之后，她才意识到他的原本意思。‎ ‎6. laugh v./n. 笑 ‎ laugh at… 嘲笑，因......笑 ‎ laugh your head off 大笑不止 burst out laughing=burst into laughter 突然笑起来 ‎7. law n.法律，规律 break/obey/keep the law 违反/遵守法律 ‎ by law 依据法律 ‎ ‎8. lay（laid，laid）v.放置，产卵 ‎ lay the table 放桌子 ‎ lay eggs 下蛋 lay aside 把…...放在一边 ‎ lay down 放下 lay off 解雇 (laid-off 下岗的)‎ ‎9. lead（led，led）v.领导，导致 adj.带头的，最重要的 ‎ lead a happy life 过幸福的生活 ‎ lead to sth./doing 导致......‎ ‎10. learn（learnt，learnt）v.学习，认识到，得知 learn from 从…...中学习,向…...学习 learn about/of 听说 得知 ‎ learn… by heart 记住......‎ ‎11. least adj. 最小的，最少的 adv.最小，最少 n. 最小，最少 at (the) least 至少 ‎ not in the least 一点儿也不，绝不 She didn’t have the least idea what to do about it. ‎ ‎12. leave v.离开，使/让，留下，落下 n. 休假 leave sp. for sp 离开某地去某地 ‎ leave the door open ‎ leave her waiting for 2 hours leave him out ‎ leave him an orphan 使他成为孤儿 leave the key on the bus 把钥匙落在公共汽车上 leave out 遗漏 ‎ leave...behind 把…丢在后边 leave alone 不打扰,不碰 ‎ leave off 不包括,不把…列入 ‎ ask for a two-week leave 请两周的假 ‎13. lecture n. 讲座，演讲 v.讲演，讲课 attend a lecture 听讲座 ‎ give/deliver a lecture to sb. on… 给某人做关于......的演讲/讲座 ‎14. left adj.左边的，剩下的 adv.在左边 n.左边 ‎ make a left turn 左转弯 ‎ turn left/turn to the left 向左拐 the money left=the remaining money 剩下的钱 ‎15. lend v. 借出，贷款 lend a hand to sb.=lend sb. a hand 帮助某人 ‎16. length n.长度 ‎ The road was 32 miles in length/long. ‎ at length 最后，终于/详细地 ‎17. less adj.较少的，较小的 adv. 较少地，较小地 n.较少，较小 ‎ less than… 少于/小于......‎ no less than… 不少于/多达...... ‎ more or less 或多或少 ‎ even/ much/still less 更不用说 No explanation was offered, still less an apology. 没有提供解释，更不用说道歉了。‎ ‎18. lesson n. 教训，课 take/have lessons 上课 ‎ give lessons 授课 teach/give sb. a lesson给某人一个教训 ‎ draw/take a lesson from … 从…...中吸取教训 ‎19. let（let，let）v.让，允许 let sb. in/out ‎ let sb(sth.) go let go of sb(sth.) 放手/放弃......‎ let... alone 不打扰/不碰/更不用说...... ‎ let out 发出(叫声) ‎ let off 使...…爆炸 let sb. down 使某人失望 ‎ ‎20. lie ‎ vt./n. 说谎 (lied，lied，lying) ‎ lie to sb 对某人说谎 tell a lie/tell lies 说谎 vi.平躺/位于/存在 (lay，lain，lying) ‎ The book lay open on the desk. ‎ lie in 在于… ‎ Success lies in hard work. 成功在于勤奋。‎ ‎21. life n.生命，生活 adj.终身的，一生的，生命的 ‎①生命 (pl. lives) lose/save one’s life ‎ lay down one’s life for sb. 为…...牺牲生命 ‎②生活 everyday life 日常生活 ‎ ‎ live/lead a …life ‎ ‎③bring…back to life 使......重生 ‎ come back to life 变得活跃，苏醒过来 ‎22. lift n. 举起，起重机，电梯，搭车 n. 举起，提升 take the lift 乘电梯 give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车 lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛 He stood there with his hands lifted above his head. 他站在那里，双手举过头顶。‎ The news lifted our spirits. 这个消息让我们提起了精神。‎ ‎23. light n. 光，灯 adj. 轻的，光亮的，浅的 v. 照亮，点燃 by the light of the moon throw light on/upon 把..…阐述清楚 turn on/off the lights 开/关灯 The light went out. 灯熄灭了。‎ a light classroom 明亮的教室 light blue eyes 浅蓝色的眼睛 as light as a feather 像羽毛一样轻 a light sleep 浅浅的睡眠 a sound sleep 酣睡 light a candle 点燃蜡烛 a lighted candle 一根点燃的蜡烛 light up 点亮，照亮 ‎24. like vt.喜欢，想 prep.像 n.爱好，同样的人或物 conj.好像 ‎ I like it when you do that.‎ would like (sb.) to do How do you like(find) …‎ What do you think of/about…‎ feel like doing 想要做某事 ‎25. likely adj.很可能的 adv.很可能 be likely to do/that Tickets are likely to be expensive. ‎ It is more than likely that the thieves don’t know how much it is worth. 很有可能这些贼不知道它价值多少。‎ a likely story 可能是真实的故事 ‎26. limit n. 界限，限度 vt. 限制 limit to… 限于......‎ without limit 无限地 ‎ There is a limit to the amount of pain I can bear. 我能够忍受的痛苦是有限度的。‎ limit sb. to sth/doing sth 限制某人做某事 My parents limit my pocket money to 300 yuan. 我父母把我的零花钱限制到了300元。‎ ‎27. line n. 线，路线，排，绳 lines 台词 ‎ on line 在线的，上网的 drop sb a line 给...…写封短信 The line is busy. 电话占线。‎ Hold the line, please. 别挂电话。‎ ‎28. link n.联系，关系，环节 v.联系，连接 ‎ There may be a link between the 2 murders.在两起谋杀之间可能有某种联系。‎ establish trade links with Asia 建立与亚洲的贸易联系 a video/satellite link 一个视频/卫星连接 ‎ a link in the chain 链中的一环 link A to/with B ‎ The video cameras are linked to a powerful computer.‎ The English Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.‎ The 2 factors（因素）are directly linked.‎ Exposure to ultraviolet (紫外线) light is closely linked to skin cancer（皮肤癌）.‎ link up (with sb/sth) ‎ The bands have linked up for a charity concert.‎ ‎29. list n.清单，目录 v.列出 make a list of… 列一个…...的清单 list our ten favorite songs ‎ ‎30. litter n.垃圾，一窝（动物的幼崽） v.乱丢，把......弄得乱七八糟 There will be fines to people who drop litter. ‎ Piles of books and newspapers littered the floor. 成堆的书报把地板弄得乱七八糟。 ‎ Broken glass littered the street.‎ be littered with sth ‎ Your article is littered with spelling mistakes.‎ ‎31. little（less，least）adj.小的，很少的 adv.完全地 not a little 非常 more than a little 非常 She felt tired and more than a little worried.‎ Little did I know about him. 我一点也不了解他。‎ ‎32. live ‎ ‎①v. 居住，生活 /liv/ ‎ live/lead a … life live on 以…...为食，靠......生活 live by doing 靠做…为生 live life to the fullest 充实地生活 ‎ live up to 符合,不辜负 ‎ live with 与...住在一起；忍受 ‎ live through 经历过…而活着 ‎②adj./adv. /laiv/ 活着的，现场直播的 ‎ a live fish ‎ a live football match broadcast live 现场直播 ‎ ‎33. load n.装载量，工作量，负担 v.装载，使负担 bear the load of bringing up her family alone 承受独自养家的负担 load a truck with apples ‎ a car loaded with goods 一辆装载货物的汽车 ‎34. long adj.长的 adv.长期地 v.渴望 long before 很久以前 ‎ He had left long before I arrived here.‎ before long 不久以后 ‎ We’ll come back before long.‎ in the long run 从长远看 ‎ no longer=not any longer 不再 as long as 只要 ‎ So long.= Byebye. 再见 long for 渴望...... ‎ long to do sth 渴望做某事 Lucy has longed for a brother. ‎ I‘m longing to see you again.‎ ‎35. look n.看，样子，表情 v.看，看上去，期待 have/take a close look at 凑近看...... ‎ He didn’t like the look in her eyes.‎ You made me look a complete fool.‎ look like 看上去像...... ‎ That looks like an interesting book.‎ look as if 看上去像...... ‎ It looks as if it is going to rain.‎ look yourself 常用于否定句，“气色不像往常好” ‎ You’re not looking yourself today.‎ 其它短语： ‎ look one’s age 看上去容貌和年龄相称 look after ‎ look around 四处看 ‎ look back on 回顾 look down upon/on 轻视，看不起 ‎ look forward to 期望......‎ look into 往里看，调查 ‎ look out 小心 ‎ look through 浏览 look up 仰望，查阅，尊敬 ‎36. loose adj.松散的，宽松的，散漫的，不牢固的 adv.松散地 The potatoes were sold loose not in bags. 这些土豆是散卖的，没有袋装。 ‎ a loose shirt 一件宽松的衬衫 ‎ loose soil 疏松的土壤 let her hair loose 使她的头发松散 ‎37. lose（lost，lost） v. 丢失，失去，输掉，（钟表）走慢 be lost/gone/missing 丢失的 ‎ a lost/missing boy 一个失踪的男孩 lose the game 输了比赛 lose weight 减轻体重 lose one’s way 迷路 lose oneself in 沉浸于/陶醉于......‎ be lost in 埋头于......，迷失在......中 Lost in thought, he didn’t notice me. 沉浸在思考中，他没有注意到我。‎ This clock loses/gains(走快)two minutes a day.‎ loss n.遗失，失败，损失 ‎ be at a loss 不知所措 suffer much/great loss 遭受很大的损失 The loss of his only son made him sad. 失去唯一的儿子使他非常悲痛。‎ ‎38. lot n.许多，份额，命运，一块地 adv.很，非常 ‎ a lot of = lots of 许多......，修饰可数或不可数名词均可 ‎ parking lot 停车场 a lot adv. 很，非常 （可修饰比较级） ‎ Thanks a lot ‎ I’m feeling a lot better now.‎ ‎39. loud 区分loud/aloud/loudly loud adj.大声的 adv.大声地 in a loud voice ‎ To make us hear more clearly, the teacher spoke louder.‎ aloud adv.大声地，出生地 Read aloud. Don’t read it silently.‎ loudly adv.大声地，响亮地 She screamed as loudly as she could.‎ ‎40. lucky adj.幸运的，侥幸的 be lucky to do/(for sb)that ‎ He is lucky to be alive.‎ She was lucky enough to be chosen for the team.‎ You were lucky that you spotted（认出，发现）the danger in time.‎ It was lucky for us that we were able to go. ‎ Lucky you .你真走运。‎ M（37）‎ ‎1. mad adj. 发疯的；生气的 drive（驱使，迫使） sb. mad/crazy ‎ go mad/crazy 发疯了 be mad at/with sb. about … 关于某事生某人的气 ‎2. mail n. 邮件；邮政，邮递 vt. 邮寄 send a letter by mail/post ‎ mail sth to sb/mail sb sth 给某人邮寄某物 ‎3. main adj. 主要的 ‎ mainly adv. 主要地 the main road/course 主路/主要课程 ‎4. major ‎ ‎① adj. 较大的，主要的 ‎ a major road 主路 ‎② n. 主修课程；专业，主修某专业的学生 ‎ When I was at university, English was my major（专业）. In other words. I was an English major.‎ ‎③ vi. 主修 ‎ I majored in English.‎ ‎5. majority n.大多数 the/a majority of 大多数......‎ The/A majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.‎ 大多数被采访的人比起收音机来更喜欢电视。‎ ‎6. make v. 制造，做，使 link-v.成为 make sth. into… 把…...制成...… ‎ make sth. (out) of 用......制作......（看的出原材料） ‎ be made of ‎ make sth. from 用......制作......（看不出原材料） ‎ be made from make coffee/tea 煮咖啡/沏茶 make the bed 铺床 make yourself heard/understood (使你自己被听到/理解)‎ make sb do sth sb be made to do She made him her assistant（助理，助手）. ‎ She will make（成为） a good mother. ‎ This room would make（成为）a nice office.‎ make money 挣钱 make a living 谋生 make it 获得成功;准时到达 He will never really make it as an actor. 作为演员他永远不会真正的成功.‎ The doctors think he’s going to make it. 医生们认为他能挺过去.‎ I’m sorry I won’t be able to make it on Sunday. 很抱歉, 星期天我不能到场.‎ make the most of… 充分利用...... ‎ make out 辨别清楚; 理解,明白 I could just made out a figure（人物）in the darkness. ‎ I can’t make out what she wants.‎ make up 组成; 编造; 补上(for);化妆; 和好 Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow? ‎ 我今天下午早点儿走,明天补上这段时间,可以吗?‎ Has he made up with her yet? ‎ 他跟她和好了吗?‎ ‎7. manage v. 经营,管理;设法完成 ‎ management n. ‎ manager n.经理 manage to do = succeed in doing 设法做成某事（强调结果）‎ ‎8. manner n.方式，方法；态度；举止礼貌，礼仪 （常用复数形式） ‎ in a friendly manner 用友好的态度 table manners 餐桌礼仪 It’s good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事有礼貌/没礼貌。‎ ‎9. march vt./vi./n. 行军,行进 ‎ march on Washington DC 向华盛顿进军 on the march 在行军中 ‎10. mark ‎ ‎① v. 标记; 打分,评成绩; 纪念, 庆贺, 标志着 the goods marked with prices 标记价格的货物 I hate marking exam papers. 我讨厌给试卷打分。‎ a ceremony to mark the 60th anniversary of the foundation of China 庆贺中国成立六十周年的一个仪式 His death marked（标志着）the end of a n era(时代). ‎ ‎② n. 成绩,分数;记号 get a low/high mark ‎ get full marks ‎ make a mark 做标记 ‎11. marry v.嫁，娶，使结婚 v.结婚 marry sb 娶/嫁给某人 ‎ marry sb. to sb 把某人嫁给某人 get/be married to sb 与某人结婚 ‎ married adj. 已婚的 ‎12. mass n. 团,块,大量 ‎ a mass of 一块/一大堆......‎ masses of 大量的 ‎ the masses 群众，大量 a mass of cloud 一朵云彩 masses of clouds 朵朵云彩 ‎13. master ‎ ‎① n. 主人；能手； 硕士 ‎ the master of one’s own future 自己未来的主人 get one’s master’s degree ‎② vt. 精通,掌握,控制 ‎ master a foreign language master her temper（脾气）‎ ‎14. match ‎① n.比赛;火柴;匹敌的人,对手;匹配的人/物 ‎ strike a match划火柴 ‎ a box of matches 一盒火柴 I was no match for him at tennis. 打网球我不是他的对手。‎ I’m his match at tennis. 打网球我跟他难分伯仲 The curtains and carpet are a good match.窗帘和地毯非常相配。‎ ‎② vt.配对,匹配;匹敌 ‎ match A with B ‎ No one can match him in maths.‎ ‎15. material n. 材料，布料 a piece of material 一块布料 reading/building materials 阅读/建筑材料 ‎16. matter ‎ ‎① v. 要紧,有关系 ‎ It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.‎ The children matter more to her than anything else in the world.‎ ‎② 物质 (U)，问题，毛病 情况，事态，关键；关乎...…的事情 ‎ Air is matter. ‎ What’s the matter with…‎ to make matters worse=what’s worse worse still. 更糟糕的是 It’s a matter of money. ‎ as a matter of fact 事实上 ‎17. mean ‎ ‎① adj. 小气的,刻薄的 ‎ be mean with money 花钱吝啬 ‎ be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 ‎② vt. 打算，意欲 ‎ mean to do ‎ mean sb to do ‎ be meant to do/for His mother meant him to be an engineer. ‎ The chairs are meant for guests. ‎ ‎③ 意味着，意思是…... ‎ mean (doing) sth Money means nothing for him. ‎ What do you mean by that? 你说那个是什么意思?‎ ‎18. meanwhile ‎ ‎① adv. 同时=at the same time ‎ ‎② n. in the meanwhile 同时 ‎19. measure ‎ ‎① vt. 测量; 有…长/宽 ‎ He has gone to be measured for a new suit.‎ The main bedroom measures 12m by 15m. ‎ The main bedroom measuring 12m by 15m is mine.‎ ‎② n. 尺寸;措施 ‎ make sth to one’s measure 量体裁衣; ‎ take measures to do… 采取措施做某事 ‎20. medicine n.药，医学 ‎ take/ have some medicine 吃药 ‎ practice medicine 行医 ‎ have a medical examination 进行体检 Good medicine is better in the mouth.良药苦口。‎ ‎21. meet ‎ ‎① n. 体育比赛 a sports meet ‎ ‎② v. 相遇；连接；会面；迎接；相汇；满足 That’s where the river meets the sea. ‎ meet one’s needs/demands meet with sb 与某人相遇 ‎ make ends meet 收支相抵 ‎22. memory n.记忆力，回忆，纪念 ‎ have a good /bad memory in memory of… 为了纪念......‎ childhood memories 童年记忆 ‎23.mention v.提到，谈到 ‎ Don’t mention it. ‎ not to mention… 更不用说......‎ ‎24. mercy n.怜悯，宽恕 ‎ throw oneself on one’s mercy 请求某人的宽恕 show mercy to sb/have mercy to sb 对某人怜悯 at the mercy of 在…...掌握中；任...…摆布 ‎25. merely=only adv. 仅仅，只不过 ‎26. mess n.混乱；脏乱的东西；困境 v.弄乱；弄脏 ‎ messy adj.凌乱的；散乱的；肮脏的 ‎ The room was in a mess（乱糟糟）.‎ The kids made a mess in the kitchen. ‎ You are messing my hair.(弄乱)‎ The divorce was painful and messy.(纠结不清的)‎ ‎27. message n.消息，口信，要旨，明白，理解 ‎ I left a message on your answering phone.‎ Jenny isn’t here at the moment. Can I take a message ? ‎ When he started looking at his watch, I got the message and left.‎ He can’t get his message across. 他不能使他的信息被理解。‎ ‎28. method n.方法 ‎ with the method=in this way=by the means 用这种方法 ‎29. mind n. 理智，精神；头脑；智力；记忆力 vt. 介意 make up one’s mind to do… 下定决心做......‎ change one’s mind 改变主意 ‎ Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。‎ keep/bear…in mind=remember... 记住......‎ have…on one’s mind 担心，挂念 ‎ have…in mind 心中有......‎ sth. come/spring to mind 突然想起 ‎ mind doing… 介意做某事 Mind your steps！= watch=be careful of… 当心，注意 Mind your own business！ 别管闲事 ‎ Never mind. 没关系，无所谓 ‎—Do you mind if I do…/Would you mind if I did…？ 你介意我......吗？‎ ‎—Yes, but I do/you’d better not. ‎ ‎—No, of course not/not at all.‎ ‎30. mirror n.镜子 ‎ look into the mirror 照镜子 Dickens’s novels are a mirror of his times. ‎ ‎31. miss v. 错过, 未击中，想念 ‎ She threw a plate at him and only narrowly missed.‎ My mind wasn’t on what he was doing, so I’m afraid I missed half of it. ‎ The hotel is the only white building on the road—you can’t miss it.‎ miss the point 不懂 ‎ miss doing…= avoid sth. unpleasant 避开（坏事）‎ The gun fired but the bird missed being killed.‎ be missing/gone/lost adj. 找不见的，失踪的 ‎32. mistake n. 错误；误会；过失 vt. (mistook, mistaken)弄错；误解 make a mistake 犯错误 ‎ mistake A for B 误将A当成B ‎ by mistake 错误地 ‎ ‎33. mix n. 混合；混合物 vt. 使混和，混淆 mixture n.混合，混合物 mix up 弄错，弄乱 ‎ mixed feelings 混杂的感受 ‎ mixed doubles 混合双打 ‎34. moment n. 时刻，片刻 One moment, please. 请稍候。‎ at the(very) moment=now/then 现在，那时（正） ‎ for the moment/present 目前，暂时 ‎ for a moment/a few moments 一会儿 ‎ the moment=as soon as=immediately=directly 一…...就...…‎ ‎35. more，most ‎ more or less 或多或少，几乎 ‎ at (the) most 至多，不超过 what’s more=besides=in addition=moreover 此外还有，更为重要的是 ‎36. mourn vt/vi 哀痛；哀悼 ‎ He was still mourning his brother’s death.‎ Today, we mourn for those who lost their lives in the two world wars.‎ ‎37. must n. 必须的事 aux. 必须，一定 ‎ A knowledge of English is a must in international trade and meetings.‎ N（15）‎ ‎1.name n.名字，名誉 v.命名，任命 enjoy a good name 享有盛名 ‎ by the name of=named… 名叫...…的 in God’s/Heaven’s name=in the name of ‎ God/Heaven 看在上帝的份上 in the name of… 以......的名义，看在......的份上 ‎ be named after 以......名字命名 ‎ a boy named…/naming himself… 一个名叫......的男孩 ‎ namely =that is… 即，也就是说…...‎ ‎2.narrow adj.狭窄的，勉强的 v.（使）变窄 narrowly adv.狭窄地，勉强地，仔细地 ‎ a narrow victory 险胜 She has a very narrow view of the world. 她有着狭隘的世界观。 ‎ She escaped injury narrowly. 她差点受伤。 ‎ in the narrow/broad sense 狭义上/广义上讲 ‎3. native adj.本国的，当地的 n. 当地人；土产 ‎ my native language-mother tongue 我的母语 a native of London 伦敦当地人 ‎4.nearly/almost adv. 几乎，差不多 I have worked here for nearly 10 years.‎ almost everyone 几乎所有人 ‎ not nearly=much less than=not at all=far from 远非，绝不是 There isn’t nearly enough time to get there now.‎ ‎5. necessary adj. 必要的，必须的，必然的 n.必需品 ‎ It is necessary for sb. to do sth.‎ If (it is) necessary, you can call on me. ‎ It is necessary that …(should)…‎ ‎6. neck n.脖子，衣领 ‎ neck and neck 并驾齐驱，不分上下 ‎ a round-necked sweater 一件圆领毛衣 ‎7. need v./n. 需要 ‎ They badly need a change.‎ There is no need for sb. to do sth.=sb have no need to do sth. 某人没有必要做某事。‎ There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天没有必要早起。‎ I have no need to open the letter.我没有必要打开这封信。 ‎ in need of 需要......‎ I am in need of some fresh air. 我需要一些新鲜的空气。‎ if need be=if necessary 如果有必要/需要 There is always food in the freezer if need be. 如有需要，冰箱里总会有事物。 ‎ ‎8. neither conj.也不 pron.两者都不 adj./adv.两者之中其中任何一者都不的/地 ‎ They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions. 他们制作了两份报告，其中没有一份包含任何有用的建议。‎ neither…nor… 既不...…也不...… ‎ either…or… 或...…或...…‎ ‎9. noise n.噪音 noisy adj.喧闹的，吵闹的 We had to shout above the noise of traffic.我们不得不高于交通噪音大声喊。 ‎ voice n. 嗓音 in a low/high voice 高声地/低声的 She has a good voice.她有好嗓音。‎ sound n.自然界的各种声音 ‎ Light travels much faster than sound.光传播的比声快。‎ ‎10.normal adj. 正常的 n. 正常 ‎ normally adv.‎ It’s normal to feel tired after such a long trip.‎ normal temperature 正常温度 ‎ return to normal=get back to normal 恢复正常 ‎ common adj.常见的，共同的 a common mistake常见错误 common sense常识 common practice 习惯做法 ordinary 普通的(average) ‎ ordinary-looking 相貌平平的 ‎ usual adj.通常的 ‎ as usual 和往常一样 ‎ than usual 比往常更......‎ ‎11. nose n. 鼻子 a running/runny nose 流鼻涕的鼻子 ‎12. nothing pron. 没有什么 ‎ for nothing=for free 免费的 ‎ have nothing to do with 与…...无关 nothing but=just 仅仅，只不过 ‎ I want nothing but the best for my children.‎ anything but 绝不 ‎ The hotel was anything but cheap.‎ There is nothing to it.=It’s very easy. 很容易。‎ ‎13. notice n.注意，通知 v.注意到 ‎ take notice of=pay attention to 注意......‎ Don’t take any notice of what you read in the papers.‎ come to my notice 我注意到 ‎ put up a notice 公告，通知 The bar is closed until further notice. 酒吧关闭，（开业）另行通知。 ‎ notice sb/sth. do/doing/done 注意到某人做了/正在做某事 ‎14. now (that) =since 既然 ‎ Now that the guests left ,we’ve got a lot of extra space.既然客人走了，我们有了很多额外的空间。‎ ‎(every) now and then/again=from time to time 不时地 ‎ It is now or never. 机不可失。‎ ‎15. nowhere adv.无处，任何地方都不 n.无处 go/get no where 毫无进展 The discussion got nowhere this morning.今天早晨，讨论毫无进展。‎ nowhere to be found/seen/in sight 找不到 ‎ My ticket is nowhere to be found.‎ Nowhere in the world other than Britain can you experience four seasons in a single day. 在世界上，除了英国，在任何地方你都不能在一天中经历四季。‎ O（28）‎ ‎1. object n. 物品，目标，宾语 v.拒绝 ‎ everyday objects 日常物品 her object in life=aim 目标 ‎ object to sth./doing… 反对/不同意......‎ Many local people objected to building the new airport. 当地很多人反对修建新机场。‎ objective adj. 客观的 ‎2. observe v.观察，遵守 observe sb do sth观察某人做某事 observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事 ‎ observe sth done 观察某事被做 ‎ observe the law 遵守法律 ‎3. obtain vt/vi 获得；得到；存在 ‎ obtain advice/information/permission（许可）‎ These customs no longer obtain. 这些习俗不再存在了。‎ ‎4. occupy v.占据；占领；居住；使忙碌 The house is occupied. 这座房子有人住。 ‎ The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人用。‎ The dinner occupied 2 hours. 晚餐占用了两个小时。 ‎ Many anxieties occupied his mind.他非常焦虑。‎ occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 某人忙于某事 ‎5. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生，突然想到 When exactly did the accident occur? 事故发生的确切时间是什么时候？ ‎ sth occurred to/hit/struck sb. 某人突然想到......‎ The idea occurred to him in a dream. 在梦里，他想到这个主意。‎ It occurred to me that I had left my keys in the room.我突然想到我把钥匙落在房间里了。 ‎ It didn’t occur to her to ask for help. 她没有想到要寻求帮助。‎ ‎6. offer v.提供，主动提出，出价 n.提供，提议，出价，录取通知书 ‎ He offered 5000 dollars for the car. 这辆汽车他出价5000美元。 ‎ offer sb. sth./sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 ‎ provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. 提供某人某物 ‎ Thanks for your kind offer of help. 感谢你提供好心的帮助。‎ ‎7. office n. 办公室，办公楼，政府机关，官职 ‎ officer n. 警官，军官 office building/block 办公大楼 ‎ hold office 占据要职 ‎ in office/out of office 任职/离职 ‎ take office 就任，上台 The present government took office in 1997. ‎ ‎8. official adj. 官方的，正式的 n. 高级官员 the official language 官方语言 ‎ an official affair 公务 ‎9. once n. 一次 adv. 曾经，从前 conj. 一旦 ‎ all at once=suddenly 突然 ‎ at once 立即 ‎(just) for once/just this once 仅此一次 Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 ‎ once more=once again 再一次 ‎ once upon a time 从前，很久以前 ‎ ‎(every) once in a while 偶尔，间或 ‎10. one n./pron. 一个人/物 num.一，一个 ‎ one by one 逐个的 ‎ one after another 一个接一个 ‎ one another 相互 ‎11. oneself pron.自己 ‎ of oneself 自动地 ‎ for oneself 亲自 ‎ ‎（all） by oneself 单独，独自 talk to oneself=think aloud 自言自语 ‎ enjoy oneself 玩得开心 I am not myself today. 我今天身体不舒服。 ‎ Help yourself to some fish. 随便吃些鱼。‎ ‎12. only adv./adj 仅仅 I am an only child. 我是独生子。‎ not only…but (also)… 不仅......而且...... ‎ only to do… 竟然......（表出乎意料）‎ ‎13. opening n.开始，孔，缝隙，空缺的职位，机会，通路 There are several openings in the sales department. 销售部门有一些空缺的职位。‎ The movie has an exciting opening. 这部电影开头很精彩。‎ Have you attended the opening of the Olympic Games? 你参加奥运会的开幕式了吗？‎ We could see the stars through an opening in the roof.我们可以通过屋顶上的缝隙看到星星。‎ It’s nice to see the opening of a flower. 看到一朵花开令人很愉快。‎ opening hours/time 营业时间 ‎ his opening remarks 他的开场白 ‎14. operate v.操作，手术 ‎ operate a computer 操作电脑 ‎ operating system （计算机）操作系统 operate on a patient 给病人手术 ‎ operating table 手术台 operation n.操作，手术 ‎ in operation 操作中 The new rules will come into（开始工作，生效）operation from next week. ‎ put sth. into operation/practice 实施......‎ ‎15. oppose v.反对，对抗 ‎ oppose sth ‎ oppose doing sth ‎ be opposed to sth/doing sth ‎ She was/remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.她强烈反对移居国外的注意。‎ ‎16. opposite adj.相反的，对面的，对立的 adv.在对面 prep.在......对面 n.对立面，反义词 have the opposite opinion 持相反的观点 ‎ the opposite of heavy 反义词 There is a shop opposite our school.在我们学校对面有一家商店。‎ ‎17. optimistic adj. 乐观的 ‎ take an optimistic view 抱有乐观的想法 ‎ be optimistic about…‎ ‎18. or conj. 或者，否则 ‎ or=or else=otherwise 否则 ‎ or so 大约 Hurry or else we will be late. ‎ either…or… 或…...或…... ‎ whether…or/or not… 无论…...还是（不是）...… ‎ Hurry, or you will be late. 快点，否则你要迟到了。‎ ‎19. order n.顺序，命令，订单 v. 命令，整理，订购 in/out of order 有序/有毛病 ‎ in order of time 按时间顺序 ‎ order（sb）to do 命令某人做某事 ‎ order that…(should)… ‎ in order to do sth./that… 为了......‎ place an order for 订购...... ‎ order a dish/a car May I take your order? 您点好菜了吗？ ‎ ‎20. organise/organize v.组织 organisation n.组织 a well-organised trip 有组织的，有系统的 ‎21. other adj.其他的，另外的 pron.另外一个 other than=except (for)=besides 除了 the other day/week 前几天，前几周 ‎ another day/time 改天，下次 ‎22. otherwise adv.否则，另外 adj.另外的 Do it otherwise, please. =Do it in another way，please. 请以另一种方式做。‎ or otherwise 或相反 ‎ ‎23.out adv.在外，出局 adj.外面的，出局的 prep.向，离去 v.出来 n.出局 ‎ out of luck 不走运 ‎ out of sight 看不见 ‎ one out of four 四分之一 run out 用尽 ‎ outdoor activities 户外运动 ‎ eat outdoors 野餐 ‎24. over prep.在......上，超过，越过 adv.越过，结束 ‎ take over 接管 ‎ get over 克服 ‎ ‎(all ) over again 再次 over and again 反复地 ‎ over=more than 超过 ‎ over dinner/a coffee 在吃晚饭/喝咖啡期间 ‎25. overcome v.战胜，克服 ‎ overcome the enemy ‎ overcome financial problems/a bad habit 克服金融问题/一个坏习惯 be overcome with (anger/sorrow) 极其/非常（生气/悲伤）‎ ‎26. overlook v.俯瞰，忽略 He seems to have overlooked one important fact. 他看上去忽略了一个重要的事实。‎ ‎27. owe v.欠，归功于 owe sb sth =owe sth to sb 欠某人某物，把某事归功于某人 ‎ owing to =because of 因为，由于 ‎28.own adj.自己的 v.拥有 ‎ owner n.所有者，物主 ‎ ownership n.所有权，物主身份 a car of my own=my own car 我自己的车 He did it on his own 独立地，单独地 ‎ I don’t own anything of any value. 我没有任何有价值的东西。‎ P（67）‎ ‎1. pack  n.包，捆；一群  v.打包，包装，捆扎，塞满，挤 a pack of cigarettes/clothes    ‎ a pack of thieves      ‎ pack sth away 把......收拾起来放好  ‎ pack sth (up) 将...…包/捆起来 pack sth/sb into sth 使…...挤进...… ‎ The room was packed with people. 屋子里挤满了人。 ‎ They packed into a tiny car. 他们挤进了一辆小车。‎ ‎2. pain n.疼痛  v.使......痛苦，感到疼痛  ‎ pains  n.辛苦，费劲  ‎ His neck is in pain. 他脖子疼。   ‎ He has a bad pain in his left foot. 他左脚非常疼。‎ pleasures and pains 苦与乐    ‎ No pains, no gains.  不劳不获。‎ ‎3. pale adj.苍白的，无力的，暗淡的 v.（使）失色，（使）变苍白，（使）变暗淡 go pale  变得苍白 ‎4. panic  n.惊慌，恐慌  v.（使）惊慌，（使）恐慌   ‎ panicked adj.感到惊慌的  ‎ panicking  adj.令人惊慌的   ‎ There’s no panic.‎ They were in a state（状态）of panic.    ‎ There’s no point getting into panic about the exams.关于考试惊慌没有意义。‎ I panicked when I saw smoke coming out of my house.  ‎ The gunfire panicked my horse. 炮火使我的马惊慌。‎ ‎5. paper  n(u)/(c)  纸；报纸；论文；试卷 注意：paper当纸讲时不可数；如果纸上有字了，比如当报纸、论文、试卷讲时则可数。    ‎ a sheet/piece of paper 一张纸     ‎ go through the papers  检查试卷 ‎6. park  n.公园，停车场   vt. 停放（车辆、飞机等）‎ Can we park the car here?  ‎ a parking lot 一个停车场 ‎7. part  n.部分；成分；角色；零件  adj.部分的 vt./vi.分开；分离 play/act a part in  起作用，扮演角色          ‎ a part-time teacher  一个兼职老师      ‎ He tried to part the two men who were fighting. 他试着分开两个正在打架的人。‎ They two parted at the gate. 他们两人在门口分别。‎ ‎8. participate v.参加，参与   ‎ participant 参与者 ‎ articipation 参与 participate in 参加/参与......‎ She didn’t participate in the discussion.‎ ‎9. particular adj.特殊的，特别的，详细的，挑剔的 n.详细说明，个别项目   ‎ particularly adv.‎ particulars n.细节，详情 be particular about  对..…..挑剔     ‎ in particular  特别，尤其 ‎ He stressed the point in particular. 他尤其强调了这一点。   ‎ We must pay particular attention to the point. 我们必须特别注意这一点。‎ The nurse asked me for my particulars. 护士询问了我的详细情况。‎ ‎10. partly adv.部分地， 在一定程度上  ‎ The road is partly finished.‎ I didn’t enjoy the trip very much , partly because of the weather.‎ He was only partly responsible for the accident.‎ ‎11. pass  vt.传递，经过，通过 pass away  去世       ‎ pass by  经过，路过 ‎12. past  adj. 过去的，前任的  n.过去，往事  adv. 经过  prep.过    ‎ a past president 前任总统 in the past 在过去               ‎ run/walk past 跑/走过     ‎ ‎13. patience  n.容忍；耐心 ‎ have (no) patience with sb （不）宽恕某人 ‎ lose one’s patience with sb=be out of patience with sb 对某人失去耐心 ‎14. patient   n.病人  adj.耐心的 ‎ be patient with 对......有耐心 ‎15. pay (paid, paid)  v. 支付，偿还  n.工资     ‎ pay sb for sth    ‎ pay off  偿清，有报偿     ‎ pay back 偿还            ‎ pay a visit to 参观/拜访......     ‎ get paid  得到报酬   ‎ The workers get paid by the month. 这些工人按月领工资。‎ ‎16. people  n.(c) 人们；民族；人民  ‎ people of all walks of life 各界人士 The Chinese are hard–working people.‎ He lived for the people and died for the people. 他为人民而生，为人民而死。‎ ‎17. percent  n.百分之…...    ‎ ‎70 percent of the students are… 百分之七十的学生是......‎ ‎18. perform v. 表演，表现，执行，完成 She performs an important role in our organization. 她在我们组织中起着重要作用。‎ This operation has never been performed in this country.‎ A computer can perform many tasks at once. 计算机可以一次执行多项任务。‎ The play was first performed in 1987. 这部戏剧在1987年首次被表演。‎ The company has been performing poorly over the past year.这家公司过去几年一直表现不佳。‎ performer n.执行者，表演者    ‎ performance n.表演，表现，执行，完成 ‎19. permission  n.允许，许可，同意 ‎ ask/request/apply for permission 申请许可 ‎ get/obtain/receive permission 获得批准      ‎ with/without one’s permission （未）经某人许可 ‎20. permit  (permitted, permitting)  vt. 许可，允许   n. 许可证 permit sth/doing sth       ‎ permit sb to do ‎21. personal  adj.个人的，亲自的 one's personal view/opinion  个人观点 personal possessions/property/belongings 私人物品/财产/所有物 for personal use 供个人使用         ‎ take a personal interest in sth 私下对某物感兴趣 personal experience 亲身经历 ‎22. persuade  v.说服，劝说 persuade sb to sth=persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事（强调结果）‎ persuade sb not to do sth=persuade sb out of doing 说服某人不要做某事（强调结果）‎ I persuaded him of the truth.=I persuaded him that it was true.我说服他相信这个事实。‎ I am persuaded of his innocence.=I am persuaded that he is innocent.我被说服，相信他是无辜的。‎ ‎23. physical  adj.身体的，物理的 ‎ physical education 体育         ‎ physical training 身体训练 a physical examination 体检    ‎ physical labor 体力劳动 ‎ the physical world 物质世界    ‎ a physical change 物理变化 ‎24. pick  v.采摘，挑选，拾取，精选，接收（广播等）‎ pick apples  采摘苹果 pick on sb. 找某人的茬儿      ‎ pick out  选出，辨认出       ‎ pick up 捡起，接某人，不费力地学会 ‎ She soon picked up some French while she was staying in Paris. ‎ 在法国停留的那段时间里，她很快学会了一些法语。‎ My radio can pick up VOA very clearly.‎ 我的收音机能够清楚的接收VOA。‎ He picked up many bad habits while in prison.‎ 在监狱的时候他染上了一些坏习惯。‎ At the next corner, the bus stopped and picked up three more people.‎ 在下一个拐角处，这辆公共汽车停下来接了三个人。‎ ‎25. pin（pinned，pinning） n.大头针，针  v.钉住，将......用针憋住      ‎ a diamond pin 一枚钻石胸针    ‎ A message was pinned to the notice board.一则消息被别在了公告板上。    ‎ ‎26. pity  n.怜悯，同情，可惜 ‎ have/take pity on  同情/怜悯......    ‎ What a pity!  太可惜了！   ‎ out of pity 出于同情/怜悯 ‎27. plan  vt. /n 计划  ‎ plan to do sth  ‎ plan for the future  ‎ make a plan for 为......制定计划 ‎28. please  v. 请，使高兴 ‎ pleased  adj.高兴的  满意的 pleasure  n.高兴   愉快        ‎ pleasant  adj.   令人愉快的 ‎29. point  n, 点；分数；要点；特征；意义  v. 指，指向  ‎ the boiling/freezing point 沸点/冰点 There is no point (in) doing sth.  这样做毫无意义。           ‎ point to/at 指着...... ‎ off the point 离题       ‎ to the point 切题 ‎30. poor (poorer, poorest) adj.贫穷的；贫瘠的；可怜的；差的 be poor/rich in natural resources  自然资源贫瘠/丰富 ‎ a poor fellow 一个可怜的家伙         ‎ a poor memory 很差的记忆力              ‎ be poor in health 健康状况很差 ‎31. popular  adj.流行的；受欢迎的；大众的；通俗的 The book is popular with children. 这本书受孩子们欢迎。‎ They sell the computers at popular prices. 他们廉价卖这些电脑。         ‎ popular songs 流行歌曲 popular science  科普 ‎32. population  n.人口；数量 have a large/small population 人口多/少 The population of the city is increasing.      ‎ Seventy percent of the population are workers.‎ have a population of 有......人口/数量 ‎33. possess vt.持有，拥有 possessio n.持有，拥有，财产 He was charged with possessing a shotgun without a license.他被指控无执照持有猎枪罪。‎ I’m afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humor. 恐怕他没有幽默感。   ‎ A terrible fear possessed her. 她极度地恐惧。‎ On his father’s death, he came into possession of a vast fortune.他父亲一死，他就拥有了大量的财富。‎ take possession of 占有，拥有    ‎ Tom is in possession of the house.= The house is in the possession of Tom.‎ personal possessions 个人财产 ‎34. possibility n.可能，可能性，可能发生的事物 There is no possibility that she will make a full recovery.她没有可能痊愈。‎ ‎35. possible  adj.可能的 possibly  adv.  ‎ as 形容词/副词as possible  尽可能...…‎ Please write to me as soon as possible.   ‎ if (it is )possible 如果可能的话      ‎ I’ll go with you if possible.‎ ‎36. potato  n.土豆    ‎ ‎37. pour  v.倒 ；倾泻；不断流出；大量涌来  ‎ The rain is pouring down. 大雨倾盆而下。‎ Reports of successes keep pouring in. 捷报频传。‎ The students poured out of/into the dinning hall.学生们涌出/涌入餐厅。‎ ‎38. power  n. 能力， 动力， 权利，电力 beyond one’s power  超出能力范围     ‎ in power  执政 power station 发电站                ‎ come into power上台执政     ‎ power failure 停电 ‎ ‎39. practice  n. 实践；练习；惯例 according to the international practice  根据国际惯例   ‎ Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。‎ ‎40. practise  v.练习；实践；从事 practice  n.‎ practise doing sth       ‎ practise medicine/law  行医/当律师 ‎41. pray  v.祈祷，恳求  ‎ prayer  n.祈祷，恳求，祷告，祈祷文 They knelt down and prayed.他们跪下来祈祷。‎ She prayed to God for an ending to her sufferings.她向上帝祈祷结束她的痛苦。‎ We prayed that she would recover from her illness.我们祈祷她将从病中恢复过来。‎ We are praying for good weather on Saturday.我们祈祷周六有个好天气。‎ My prayer is that one day he will walk again.我祈祷有一天他将能够重新走路。‎ ‎42. predict v 预言，预见    ‎ Nobody can predict the outcome（结果）.‎ It is impossible（不可能的）to predict what will happen.‎ ‎43. preference  n.偏爱，倾向，优先权 Many people expressed a strong preference for the original plan.很多人更倾向于最初的计划。‎ give (a) preference to sb/sth 给…...以优惠或优待 Preference should be given to graduates of this university.‎ in preference to 而不是 She was chosen in preference to her sister.‎ ‎44. prepare  vt. 准备，使…...做准备 prepare a piece of paper for the diction 为…...准备...…‎ prepare to do sth 准备做某事       ‎ prepare sb for sth  使某人为…做准备 be (well) prepared for sth/to do sth （表状态）     ‎ make preparations for 为...…做准备 in preparation for 为...…做准备 (作状语)     ‎ The teacher prepared the students for the exam.‎ ‎45. present  adj. 现在的；出席的；在场的   n.礼物   v. 呈现；介绍；赠送 be present at the meeting 出席会议     ‎ He presented the report to the headmaster. 他向校长提交了报告。‎ ‎46. preserve v.保持，保存，保护，维持，维护，保养，保鲜 He was anxious to preserve his reputation. 他急于维护他的声誉。‎ Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.维护和平的努力失败了。‎ This is a perfectly preserved 14th-century house. 这是一所保存完好的14世纪房屋。‎ Is she really 60? She’s remarkably well preserved.她真的60岁了吗？她明显保养很好。‎ The vegetables should be preserved in the fridge.这些蔬菜应该被保存在冰消里。‎ The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.这个社团被建立来保护濒危物种。‎ ‎47. press v.压，按，逼迫  n.压，按，新闻，新闻界，出版社 The story was reported in the press and on television.这则故事在新闻和电视上被报道。‎ The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial.新闻界不被允许参加审判。‎ The dictionary was published in Oxford University Press.这本词典是牛津大学出版社出版的。‎ She pressed her face against the window. 她把脸贴在窗户上。‎ They are pressing us to make a quick decision.他们逼迫我快点做决定。‎ ‎48.pressure 压力；心理压力；紧张；承受着某事的压力 air/water pressure 气压/水压 She was unable to attend because of the pressure of the work.因为工作压力，她不可能出席。‎ pressure sb into sth/doing sth Don’t let yourself be pressured into making a hasty decision. 不要勉强自己仓促做决定。    ‎ under pressure 被迫 The team performs well under pressure. 这个队在压力下表现良好。‎ ‎49. pretend  v.假装，伪装 pretend to do sth 假装做某事 ‎50. prevent  vt.预防，阻止 Prevent sb/sth from doing 防止/阻止某人做某事 Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice. 没有什么可以阻止他公开反对不公。‎ Prevention is better than cure. 预防胜于治疗。‎ We should take some preventive actions to avoid the diseases. 我们应该采取一些预防措施来避免疾病。‎ ‎51. price  n. 价格；代价 ‎ at a high/low price 一高/低价      ‎ at a price of two dollars per kilo 以每公斤两美元的价格 at any price 不惜一切代价 ‎52. prison  n.监狱，监禁 ‎ prisoner  n.囚犯，俘虏  ‎ take sb prisoner  俘虏某人 ‎53. process  n.过程；步骤，流程；工序，工艺流程  v.加工，处理；冲印 mental processes 思维过程    ‎ We’re in the process of selling our house. ‎ the ageing process 老化过程 ‎ It’s a normal part of the learning process. 那是学习过程中的正常现象。‎ manufacturing processes  制造方法   ‎ Most of the food we buy is processed in some way. 我们买的大部分食物都是被用某种方法加工的。‎ processed cheese 加工好的奶酪 I sent three rolls of film away to be processed. 我送了三个胶卷去冲印。‎ It will take a week for your application to be processed .审核你的申请需要一周的时间。‎ ‎54. product  n.产品，制品；结果，产物 meat product 肉制品 The child is the product of a broken home. 这孩子是一个破裂家庭的产儿。‎ Production  n.生产，制造；产量；上映，上演，播出，制作 car production 汽车制造        ‎ a decline/an increase in production 生产下降/增加 He wants a career in film production.他想从事电影制作。‎ ‎55. profit  n.利润，利益 v.获利，有益于 make a profit 获利    ‎ at a profit 可以获利   ‎ We should be able to sell the house at a profit.‎ Farmers are profiting from the new law. 农民们正在从新法律中获益。‎ Many local people believe the development will profit them.很多当地人相信发展将会有益于他们。‎ ‎56. progress  n.进步；进展  (不可数)   v.进展；进行 make much/ great/ rapid/progress in sth 在某方面取得很大进步 in progress 在进行中       ‎ Work on the new road is progressing slowly. 新公路进展缓慢。‎ ‎57. prohibit   vt.禁止，阻止  ‎ prohibit sth       ‎ prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止/阻止某人做某事 In the past, the citizens were prohibited from traveling abroad.在过去，市民被禁止出国旅游。‎ prohibition 禁令 =ban ‎58. promise   n.诺言；承诺  v.许诺；答应；有前途 make promise 许下承诺 carry out promise 履行承诺 keep promise 遵守承诺 break a promise 违背承诺 This year promises to be another good one for harvests.今年有望又是一个丰收年。‎ a promising pianist 有前途的钢琴家 A heavy snow promises a good harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。‎ ‎59. promote  vt.促进，宣传，提升 promotion  n. ‎ policies to promote economic growth 促进经济增长的政策      ‎ ‎60. protect  v.保护 protect sb/sth from (against)… 保护......免收......的伤害 We wear sunglasses in summer to protect our eyes from the sunlight.我们在夏天戴眼镜来保护眼睛免收阳光的伤害。‎ under one’s protection 在某人的保护下 ‎61. proud   adj.骄傲的，自豪的，傲气的   ‎ be proud of 为......骄傲/自豪 pride  n.骄傲，自豪, 自尊心    ‎ take pride in 为......骄傲/自豪 ‎62. prove  link.v.证明是(无被动)  vt.证明 The task proved (to be) more difficult than we’d thought.‎ He proved himself (to be) a better driver.‎ ‎63. provide  vt.提供 provide sth for sb/provide sb with sth          ‎ Providing/provided that… 如果......‎ ‎64. pull   v.拉，拖，吸引  n.拉力，引力 pull down 拆毁  ‎ pull in （火车等）进站  ‎ pull out 拔出，出站 ‎65. purchase v.购买 n.购买，购买的东西 They purchased the car for 1 million dollars.‎ If you are not satisfied with your purchases , we’ll give you a full refund（退款，偿还）.‎ ‎66. put  vt. (put, put ) 放，表达，‎ put away  把......收藏起来       ‎ put aside 把…...放在一边；储存  ‎ put forward 提出              ‎ put off 推迟   ‎ put on 穿上；上演（戏剧等）  ‎ put out 扑灭 put up  张贴，举起，搭起     ‎ put up with 忍受 ‎67. puzzle n.谜，迷惑，难题  v.使......困惑/疑惑 puzzling  adj.令人疑惑的 puzzled   adv.感到疑惑的  ‎ What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone. 使我疑惑的是，他为什么谁也没告诉就离开了这个国家。‎ puzzle over/about sth  苦苦思索/仔细琢磨......    ‎ Q（4）‎ ‎1. quality   n. 质量；品质；性格 ‎ a watch of high quality  一块高品质的手表 ‎2. quantity  n. 量，数量      ‎ a large quantity of = large quantities of+ 可数名词/不可数名词 Large quantities of water are polluted in that area.‎ 那个地区，大量的水被污染了。‎ A large quantity of water is badly needed here.‎ 这里非常需要大量的水。‎ ‎3. question   vt. 提问，询问，质问    n. 问题，疑问 He was questioned by the police.  他被警察询问。   ‎ out of question 没问题   ‎ out of the question  不可能 ‎4. quit  v./n.离开，放弃，停止，辞职     ‎ If I don’t get more money, I’ll quit.如果我不能挣更多的钱，我会辞职。‎ He quit the show last year because of bad health. 去年，由于糟糕的健康问题，他停止了表演。‎ I’ve quit smoking. 我已经戒烟了。‎ We decided it was time to quit the city. 我们决定离开这座城市。‎ R（64）‎ ‎1. raise  vt. 使升高，提高，举起，筹集，饲养，抚养 raise one’s hand/voice 举起手、抬高声音    ‎ raise money 筹集钱 I was raised by my aunt on the farm.我在农场被我的姑姑抚养。‎ ‎2. range  n.范围，幅度，排，山脉 v.变化，排列，漫游   ‎ We offer a full range of activities for children.我们为孩子们提供全方位的活动。‎ It’s difficult to find a house in our price range.很难找到一所在我们价格范围内的房子。‎ She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from cook to teacher.她有过许多不同的工作，从厨师到老师。‎ ‎3. rank  n.等级，军衔，队列，排  v.排列，把......分等，列队 top-ranked players 一流的选手 He was ranked second in his age group. 他在他的年龄段排名第二。‎ At the height of her career, she ranked second in the world.  在她事业的顶峰时期，她排名世界第二。‎ She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank. 她不习惯和社会地位很高的人搅合在一起。‎ officers of junior/senior rank 有低级/高级军衔的军官   ‎ a painter of the first rank 一流的画家 ‎4. reach  vt.到达；延伸，伸手（脚等）够 n.范围，延伸，河段 beyond (out of ) reach 够不着 ‎ within one’s reach 够得着 reach （one’s hand） for 伸手够...…     ‎ reach a conclusion   得出结论 ‎5. read  v.读，理解，写有，读数为 The sign on the wall reads “No Smoking”.墙上的标牌上写着“禁止吸烟”。‎ I can’t read his mind/eyes. 我不能读懂他的想法/眼神。    ‎ The themometer reads 30 degrees.  温度计读数为30度。‎ ‎6. realise  vt. 实现；意识到    ‎ realise one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 ‎7. reason   n. 理由，原因，理性  v.  劝说，评理，推论 reason sb into/out of doing 说服某人做（不做）...‎ reason with sb和某人理论     ‎ the reason for sth ......的理由     ‎ The reason why... is that...  ......的原因是......‎ ‎8. receive  vt. 收到，接待，接纳  ‎ receive a letter 收到一封信 receive a good education/a warm welcome 受到良好的教育/热烈的欢迎    ‎ The play was well received. 这部戏剧受到好评。‎ ‎9. recognize /recognise  vt. 认出，承认 recognize sb./one’s voice recognize sb/sth as (to be)   承认…...是...... ‎ ‎10. recommend  v.推荐；劝告，建议 ‎ recommend somebody/something 推荐某人/某物      ‎ Can you recommend a good hotel? 你能给我推荐一家宾馆吗？     ‎ recommend (that)… 建议......  ‎ I recommend (that) he（should）see a lawyer. 我建议他去见一个律师。‎ recommend somebody to do something  建议某人做某事 recommend (somebody) doing something  建议（某人）做某事 He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie. 他建议在看这部电影之前读这本书。‎ It is recommended that… 推荐......‎ It is strongly recommended that the machines should be checked every year.强烈推荐这些机器每年被检查一次。‎ ‎11. recover  vt. 找回；痊愈；恢复 ‎ recover his lost bike 找回他丢的自行车  ‎ recover one’s health 恢复健康     ‎ recover from one’s illness 疾病痊愈 ‎12. reduce  vt./vi. 减少，缩小, 使成…...状态  ‎ reduce the price by 10 percent.价格降低了百分之十 Hunger reduced him to stealing.饥饿使他开始偷东西。‎ ‎13. refer (referred，referred，referring) ‎ refer to 提及；参考，查阅；涉及 refer to a dictionary  查字典       ‎ The man referred to is a famous writer. 被提到的这个男人是一个著名的作家。‎ ‎14. reflect  v.反映；照出/映出；反射；思考 She could see herself reflected in his eyes. 她可以看到她自己映在他的眼睛里。      ‎ His music reflects his interest in African culture.他的音乐反应了他对非洲文化的兴趣。‎ reflect on/upon something 认真思考，反思 She was left to reflect on the implications of her decision.她被使得思考所做决定的影响。‎ On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well. 在回家的路上，他想面试进行的很好。‎ ‎15. refuse  v.拒绝 ‎ refuse sth/to do sth.‎ ‎16. regard  vt.注重；考虑；认为；看作；尊敬；与......有关   n.注意；尊重；问候(常用复数)‎ regard sb/sth as n/adj.  认为某人/某物......‎ Please give my best regards to your family. 代我向你家人问好 ‎17. regardless  adj.不管，不顾 ‎ regardless of 不管/不顾......   ‎ ‎18. regret  v.后悔；遗憾 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（已做）‎ regret to do sth.  遗憾要做某事（未做）      ‎ to one’s regret 让某人后悔/遗憾的是…...‎ ‎19. regular adj. 有规则的；有规律的；定期的 regularly adv.‎ a regular meeting 定期的会议           ‎ He visited me regularly. 他定期来看我。‎ ‎20. reject v.拒绝，抵制 ‎ reject something 拒绝...... ‎ reject somebody 不录用/拒绝接纳某人    ‎ I've been rejected by all the universities I applied to.我被所有我申请的学校拒绝了。‎ ‎21. relate  v.联系；使相关；涉及；叙述 relate A to B 使A和B相关/把A和B联系起来 In the future, pay increases will be related to productivity. 未来，涨工资将会和生产率联系起来。‎ relate to something/somebody 涉及到某物/某人  ‎ The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland.第二段涉及到了苏格兰的情况。‎ ‎22. relation  n.关系；亲戚 ‎ relative adj.有关的；相对的  n.亲戚，相关物，关系词 the relation between cause and effect  因果关系      ‎ A be relative to B   A与 B 有关 ‎23. relax  v.（使）放松，（使）休息 You have been working too hard，and you need to relax yourself.你工作太努力了，你需要休息。‎ I’ll relax when I know you are safe. 当我知道你是安全使，我才会放松。‎ ‎24. reliable adj.可靠的，可信赖的 a reliable friend 一个可靠的朋友 Our information comes from a reliable source. 我们的消息来源可靠。‎ We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working. 我们正在寻找一个可靠的和工作努力的人。‎ ‎25. relief  n.安慰，欣慰，减轻，解除，救济 a sense of relief 一种解脱感   ‎ breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负松了口气 much to one’s relief 令某人非常欣慰的是  ‎ the relief of suffering 痛苦的消除   ‎ provide relief for refugees 救济难民 ‎26. rely  v.依靠，依赖，信赖 rely on 依靠/依赖/信赖...... ‎ These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work. 这些天，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。‎ You can rely on me to keep your secret. 你可以信赖我为你保守秘密。 ‎ rely on it that… 信赖......‎ ‎27. remain vi. 剩下，留下；仍然是（无被动）；保持  n.剩余物，残骸 Much food remained. 很多食物剩下了。‎ Much remains to be done. 还有许多事要做。             ‎ It remains to be seen whether he will win the game. 他是否会赢得比赛还尚待分晓。   ‎ He remains a doctor/ young/ standing there. 他仍然是一个医生/年轻/站在那里。 ‎ The work remains undone. 工作还没完成。     ‎ remaining adj. 剩余的 ‎ the remaining time 剩余的时间 ‎28. remember vt. 想起；记住；记得 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事（未做）‎ remember doing sth.  记得做过某事（已做）            ‎ Please remember me to your mother.代我向你母亲问好。‎ ‎29. remove  v./n.移动，迁移，搬家，调动，开除 He removed his hand from her shoulder. 他把他的手从她的肩膀拿开。‎ remove one’s eyes from the picture 把目光从画上移开 remove the family to 把家搬到......     ‎ remove one’s shoes/coat 脱下鞋/外套 remove the dirt from the door 清除/去掉墙上的灰尘    ‎ remove one’s doubt 打消某人的疑虑 remove a student from school 将一个学生开除出学校 ‎30. rent  n.租，出租，租金  v.出租，租借 The house rents at/for 5 dollars a week. 这所房子以一周5美元的价格出租。‎ ‎31. repair  vt./n. 修理 ‎ under repair 正在修理中 ‎ ‎32. reply  v./n.回复，答复 ‎33. report  v.汇报；报告；报道 n.报告，报告单 What you reported differs from the facts. 你汇报的和事实不同。   ‎ It is reported that a young girl was robbed yesterday.=A girl is reported to have been robbed yesterday. 据报道，一个年轻女孩昨天被抢劫了。‎ ‎34. represent  v.代表，描绘 ‎ The association was formed to represent the interests of women artists.该协会成立代表女性艺术家的利益。‎ ‎35. request  vt./n. 要求，请求(比ask正式，比demand礼貌)‎ He came at my request. 在我的要求下，他来了。           ‎ make a request 提出要求 He requested that his guests （should） sit down. 他请客人们坐下。‎ ‎36. require vt. 要求；需要   ‎ requirement  n. 要求，条件 The floor requires washing/to be washed. 地板需要被洗。     ‎ meet your requirements 满足你的要求/需要 ‎37. research  n./v. 研究，调查 ‎ do/carry out some research on cancer 做关于癌症的研究 ‎38. reserve  v.预定，预留，保留，储备 n.储备，自然保护区   ‎ reserve something for somebody I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.我想要预定一张晚上八点钟三个人的桌子。‎ These seats are reserved for special guests.这些座位是为特殊客人预留的。 ‎ ‎39. resign  v.辞职，放弃，使听从 He resigned as manager after eight years. 八年后，他辞去了经理的职位。  ‎ Two members resigned from the board.两个成员从董事会辞职了。‎ resign doing something 听任/只好接受做...... ‎ ‎40. respect  vt.尊敬; 尊重 n.尊敬; 方面 have respect for sb=show respect to sb 尊敬某人   ‎ in all respects=in every respect 在各方面 ‎41. rest  n.休息，剩余部分  v.（使）休息 the rest 其余的，剩余的            ‎ take/have a rest 休息一下   ‎ The rest of the money was given away to the poor.剩余的钱被给了穷人。‎ ‎42. result   n.结果，成绩，答案  vi.结果，导致 ‎ as a result 结果 as a result of 因为/由于......‎ result in 导致，产生 resulte from 由......造成，由于 It snowed heavily. As a result, he was late. 雪下得很大，结果，他迟到了。 ‎ He was late as a result of the snow. 由于下雪他迟到了。    ‎ The driver’s carelessness resulted in the accident. 司机的粗心导致了事故。‎ The accident resulted from the driver’s carelessness. 事故是由司机的粗心造成的。‎ ‎43. return  vi. 返回 vt. 归还，回报  n. 返回，归来，回报 return to China from abroad 从国外回国 return sth to sb= return sb sth 把某物归还给某人       ‎ I gave him an apple and he gave me a peach in return. 我给了他一个苹果，作为回报，他给了我一个桃子。‎ ‎44. review  vt./n 回顾，复习，检查；评论 review one’s lessons  复习功课     ‎ book review 书评 ‎45. reward  n./v.报酬，报答；酬金，奖赏 reward sb for sth/doing sth 因......报答某人 ‎ She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus. 她由于努力被奖励了一笔奖金。‎ She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.她开始给孩子唱歌，被孩子奖励了一个微笑。‎ You deserve a reward for being so helpful. 你帮了这么大忙，应受到奖励。‎ ‎46. rich  adj. 富的，丰富的，富饶的 Our country is rich in natural resources.我们国家自然资源丰富。‎ ‎47. rid  n.摆脱，去掉 vt.使摆脱，使去掉 rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱......‎ Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.更多措施将被采取以使我们的街道摆脱犯罪。‎ rid oneself of somebody/something 摆脱某人/某物 He wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secret. 他想要摆脱这个秘密给他带来的负担。‎ get rid of somebody/something 摆脱某人/某物         ‎ We got rid of all the old furniture. 我们摆脱了所有的旧家具。‎ ‎48. ride  v.乘，骑  n.乘，骑，搭乘，乘车或骑车的短途旅程 ‎ ride (on) a horse/train  骑马/坐车       ‎ give sb a ride 让某人搭车 It is two hours’ ride from here.从这里有两个小时的乘车/骑车旅程。‎ ‎49. right  adj. 正当的；正确的；右边的 adv.正确地；恰当地 n. 公正,正确；权利；右边 all right 好吧                     ‎ That’s all right. 没关系。（回答道歉的话）‎ have the right to do sth 有权利做某事       ‎ turn to the right=turn right 向右转   ‎ on the right 在右边                    ‎ keep to the right 靠右边走 ‎50. ring  v. 响；按铃；（耳朵）嗡嗡作响；打电话   n. 环；环状物；年轮；戒指；铃声 ring the bell 按铃                   ‎ ring off 挂断电话 ring up a doctor 给医生打电话            ‎ ring back 回电话 a wedding ring 婚戒                ‎ the rings of a tree 树的年轮 ‎51. rise  vi.（rose，risen）上升；上涨；起床；站起 n. 增加；加薪 The sun rises in the east.           ‎ He rises at 6:00 every day.‎ give sb a rise 给某人涨工资      ‎ on the rise 在增长 ‎52. risk n.风险，危险，冒险  v.冒险 She took many photos at the risk of her life.她冒着生命危险拍了很多照片。‎ He took the risk of losing his life to save the child. 他冒着失去自己生命的危险救了这个孩子。            ‎ risk one’s life 冒着生命危险 There is the risk of your catching a cold. 你可能会感冒。‎ ‎53. rob  v.抢劫；掠夺 rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物 The tomb had been robbed of its treasures.这个坟墓的财宝贝抢劫了。‎ ‎54. rock n.岩石，摇滚乐  v.摇动，（使）摇晃 The town was rocked by an earthquake. 这个城镇被地震晃动了。‎ He sat rocking in his chair. 他坐着，在椅子里摇晃。‎ ‎55. roll  v. 滚动；卷；转动  n. 滚动；卷；卷形物 The ball rolled into the hole. 球滚到了洞里。           ‎ The clouds are rolling away. 云彩卷走了。‎ roll the wool into a ball 把羊毛滚成球                ‎ He rolled up the window of the car. 他摇上了车窗。‎ ‎56. room n. 房屋（可数）；  空间（不可数） ‎ takes up too much room 占据太多的空间 make room for… 为...…腾地方 ‎57. rough  adj. 粗糙的；崎岖的；粗鲁的；粗略的；汹涌的 rough paper 粗糙的纸 rough road 崎岖的公路 rough words 粗鲁的话 rough weather 恶劣的天气 rough sea 汹涌的大海 ‎58. round  adj.圆的，完全的，大概的  adv.在周围  prep.在......周围，大约  v.绕行，环绕，完成，弄圆   ‎ a girl with a round face 一个圆脸女孩                     ‎ The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。    ‎ Round our mouths to pronounce the word. 张圆我们的嘴发这个单词的音。‎ ‎59. row n. 一排，一行；划船   v. 划船  ‎ a row of trees  一排树     ‎ in a row 成一排，连续地 ‎60. rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的 rudely adv.粗鲁地；无理地 rudeness n. 粗鲁；无礼    ‎ ‎61. ruin v.毁坏  n.毁坏；废墟（多用复数）‎ The country was ruined by the war.这个国家被战争毁了。   The bad weather ruined our trip.糟糕的天气毁了我们的旅行。‎ That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.那一个错误毁了他得到这份工作的机会。‎ Years of fighting have left the area in ruins. 多年的战争使这个地区成为了废墟。‎ ‎62. rule n. 规则，规章；习惯  v. 统治，管辖，支配 follow/obey rules 遵守规则 ‎ break the rules 破坏规则 He makes it a rule never to borrow money. 他使从来不借钱成为了一个规则。‎ ‎63. run v.（ran，run，running）跑；创办；管理；运转，操作；流动；掉色；变成 The college runs summer courses for foreign students. 这所大学为外国学生创办了夏季课程。‎ Could you run（操作）the engine for a moment?      ‎ The tears ran down her cheeks. ‎ The color of the clothes runs（掉色）easily.         ‎ run across sb/sth 偶遇......                     ‎ run after 追赶，追求 come running 跑过来                      ‎ run into sb./sth. 撞上......‎ run out 被用完 run out of sth 用完......           ‎ run over 压过去 ‎64. rush vi. 冲 ,匆忙  n. (上下班/交通)高峰期，冲，匆忙，急流    ‎ We’ve got plenty of time; there is no need to rush.我们有很多时间，没有必要匆忙。‎ The injured were rushed to the hospital. 受伤的人被匆忙送到了医院。          ‎ during the rush hour 在交通高峰期 ‎ S（90）‎ ‎1. safe  adj.安全的  n.保险箱   ‎ safely  adj.安全地     ‎ safety  n.安全  ‎ He came back safe and sound. 他安然无恙地回来了。‎ ‎2. sale  n.出售，销售； 销售量/额（多用复数） v.销售    ‎ for sale  待售；出售     ‎ on sale  廉价出售 ‎3. same  adj. 相同的，同样的     ‎ Don’t speak at the same time.      ‎ I have the same bike as you.‎ ‎4. satisfaction  n. 满意    ‎ to one’s satisfaction    让某人满意的是           ‎ satisfy  vt. 使满意/满足  ‎ satisfy one’s need/desire/demand 满足某人的需要/愿望/要求  ‎ satisfied  adj. 感到满意/满足的        ‎ satisfying  adj. 令人满意/满足的 ‎5. save  vt.挽救；节省；保留；避免，省得   ‎ I am saving for a new bike.‎ Thanks for sending that letter for me—it saved me a trip.‎ ‎6. say. vt. 说，写有（said-said）                            ‎ The sign says “ No Smoking”. 牌子上写着“禁止吸烟”。‎ ‎7. schedule  n. 时间表，日程表  v.  安排，排定    ‎ a train schedule  列车时刻表    ‎ ahead of schedule  提前 We have scheduled the meeting for Monday. 我们把会议安排在周一。‎ ‎8. scold  vt. 责骂，训斥  ‎ scold sb for sth/doing sth 因......而责备某人 ‎9. score. v. 得分，打分 n. 得分，分数；20个 two score of books  四十本书              ‎ He won the game with a score of 2:1. 他以2:1的比分赢得了这场比赛。‎ scores of books 许多书               ‎ score a point （在比赛中）赢得一分 ‎10. search  v./n. 搜寻，搜查                      ‎ in search of sb/sth 寻找某人/某物 ‎11. season  n. 季节，赛季，旺季       ‎ in season 旺季   ‎ out of season 在淡季 ‎12. seat  n. 座位  vt. 使...…就座，容纳  ‎ take a seat = sit down       ‎ seat oneself in the chair= be seated in the chair We want to rent a bus which can seat 40 people.‎ ‎13. secret  adj. 秘密的    n. 秘密 keep sth (a ) secret from sb 把某事对某人保密                 ‎ in secret 秘密地 ‎14. secure  adj. 安全的；牢靠的；无忧无虑的；有把握的 ‎ a secure job 一份牢靠的工作 a secure age   无忧无虑的年纪 be secure of 确保/确信......‎ security  n. 安全；保证；证券；抵押品 ‎15. see v. (saw, seen) 看见，领会，明白     ‎ see sb do sth 看到某人做了某事             ‎ see through 看穿，看透 see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事                    ‎ see sb off  给某人送行                       ‎ see to sb/sth/doing 照看/负责......‎ You see to it that the windows are all closed.‎ ‎16. seek  v.寻找，寻求      ‎ She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbor.‎ seek one’s fortune  寻求财富/运气 ‎17. seem  v. 好像，似乎     ‎ He seems (to be) happy/a good man.    ‎ He seems to have said it.‎ It seems to me that… 在我看来...…     ‎ Aftre what seemed several hours, he left. ‎ ‎18. seize  v.抓住，理解    ‎ He seized her by the arm. 他抓住他的胳膊。        ‎ seize a chance/an opportunity ‎19. sell v.(sold-sold) 卖，售出；【喻】出卖        ‎ sell sb sth =sell sth to sb He sold the book for $5. = He sold the book at the price of $5.‎ These books sell well .       ‎ be sold out 被卖光 ‎20. send  v.(sent-sent) 寄，送，用无线电波发送信号；打发，派遣；使变得 send a message ‎ send him a telegram（电报） ‎ A telegram sent him hurrying home.‎ send for sb 派人去叫某人    ‎ ‎21. sense n. 感官；感觉；…感；情理，道理；意义 vt. （隐约）感到，领会 a sense of sight/touch/smell/humor/duty/direction/language/music/business common sense  常识      ‎ There is no sense in waiting here.  在这里等没有意义。   ‎ The sentence doesn’t make sense.  这个句子讲不通。‎ Can you make sense of the poem. 你能弄清这首诗的意思吗？‎ ‎22. separate v. 分开，隔开 adj. 分开的，不相连的；单独的，独立的 Separate the good ones from the bad.          ‎ The children sleep in separate beds.‎ ‎23. serious  adj. 严肃的，认真的，严重的  ‎ Please be serious about your work.        ‎ take sth seriously  认真对待某人  ‎ ‎24. serve vt. 为...…服务；接待；对…有用；供应，上（饭菜等）；vi. 服务，服役；接待，招待；适用 serve the country/the people He has served in the army for three years.           ‎ serve as 担任，充当 service  n. 服务（行为）；服侍，招待；公共设施，业务；使用  ‎ I am at your service. 我为您服务。‎ ‎25. set  vt.(set-set-setting)放，摆；指定，规定；装置，调整；使处于某种状态；使…...做某事；树立，出（题）     ‎ set foot on… 踏上......‎ set a standard 设定一个标准 ‎ set...free 释放......  ‎ set an example to sb set aside 留出，拨出  ‎ set off  动身，出发；燃放，使爆炸 ‎ set out 动身，出发 set out to do 开始，着手 set up 建立，开办       ‎ The sun has set.(vi. 落，下沉)‎ ‎26．settle  vt. 解决，调停；整理；使平静；安放；支付，结账  vi. 安定，定居；停息，停留；稳定下来       ‎ settle a question      ‎ settle (down) in New York 在纽约定居 A bird settled on the branch.     ‎ ‎27. shade n. 阴（影），阴凉处【u】；（色彩的）浓淡【c】‎ in the shade of a tree  ‎ ‎28. shake (shook-shaken) vt. 摇动，抖动；使发抖  vi. 震动，发抖 shake hands with sb  和某人握手       ‎ He was shaking with cold. 他冷得发抖。‎ ‎29. shame  n. 羞愧（感），羞耻（心）【u】；[a ~] 一种耻辱，遗憾的事，可耻的人/事物 He is a shame to his school/family.       ‎ What a shame it is to lie! 说谎是件多么可耻的事啊！‎ ‎30. shape  n. 样子，形状，形态；体现，具体形式  v. （使）形成，塑造，具体化 in good shape 完整无损，状态良好，体型很好 out of shape 走样，身体状况不佳 It is shaped like a bell. 它形状像个钟/铃。‎ ‎31. share vt. 分配；分享；分担；n. （一）份儿；份额；股份 share apples among the children  ‎ share joys and sorrows（悲伤）with sb      ‎ I will take my share of the money.‎ ‎32. sharp adj. 锐利的；敏锐的，灵敏的；尖酸的，刻薄的；剧烈的 a sharp knife sharp eyes ‎ sharp sense of smell a sharp boy sharp words a sharp pain a sharp turn 急转弯 sharpen  v.削尖；使敏捷；尖锐；变锋利 sharply  adv.‎ ‎33. sheet  n. 被单，床单；薄片/板，（一）片/块    ‎ put clean sheets on the beds ‎ a sheet of paper/ice ‎34. shock vt./n.（使）震惊，打击，震动，电击 I was shocked by/at the news.‎ The news was a shock to me.‎ He got shocked when he touched the wire. ‎ If you touch the wire, you’ll get a shock.‎ He couldn’t recover from the shock of his son’s death.‎ ‎35. shoe n. 鞋     ‎ a pair of shoes two pairs of shoes ‎ put on /take off one’s shoes 穿鞋/脱鞋 be in one’s shoes 处于某人的位置/处境 ‎36. shoot  v.(shot-shot)发射，射击，射中，投掷；拍摄 n. 射击；投篮；嫩芽 shoot a person dead  射死某人  ‎ shoot sb in the head 射中某人头部 ‎ shoot a scene 拍一场戏       ‎ shoot at… 射击......‎ ‎37. short adj. 短的，短期的，近的；矮的；缺少的, 不足的 be short of 缺少......    ‎ be short for… 是...…的缩写   ‎ in short 简言之   ‎ shorten  v.缩短，减少 ‎38. shoulder  n. 肩（膀）vt. 肩负，扛；用肩膀挤  ‎ shoulder a task 承担一项任务 He looked over his shoulder. 他回过头看。      ‎ He has broad shoulders. 他有宽阔的肩膀。‎ shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地；齐心协力地 ‎39. show v. 给看，展示，显示，出示；展出；指示；引导，带领 show sb sth=show sth to sb          ‎ Show me how to do it.     ‎ show sb around         ‎ show off 卖弄，炫耀     ‎ show up 露面，揭露            ‎ on show 展出 ‎40. shower  n. 阵雨，淋浴  v.大量地给予；淋浴；下阵雨 be caught in a shower 淋了阵雨       ‎ have/take a shower 进行淋浴 ‎41. shut v.(shut-shut-shutting)  关，闭，合拢 shut one’s mouth/ eyes         ‎ The door won’t shut.‎ shut down  放下来关住；关闭，停业     ‎ shut up 关闭，闭嘴 ‎46. sick  adj. 患病的；恶心的【只作表语】；渴望的，向往的 ‎ homesick 想家的 a sick man ‎ be ill in bed 卧病在床 ‎ fall ill  生病了 ‎47. side n. 边，旁边，侧面；一方，一派     ‎ Every coin has two sides. 事物都有两面性。       ‎ Which side are you on? 你站在哪一边?‎ on all sides=on every side  在各方面       ‎ She is excellent on all sides. 她在各方面都很优秀。‎ ‎48. sight n.视力，视觉；望见；视野[u]；景象[c]     ‎ I have good/bad sight. ‎ catch sight of 看见......  ‎ at first sight 乍一看     ‎ lose sight of 看不见......‎ out of sight 看不见；在视野之外   ‎ at the sight of 一看见......就......‎ in sight 看的见，被看到       ‎ the beautiful sights of Beijing 北京的美丽景色 ‎49. sign  n. 符号；预兆，迹象；牌子，招牌，标记；手势  v.签字，签名，示意 A dark cloud is a sign of rain.          ‎ There were signs that they would succeed. 他们有会成功的迹象。‎ Please sign (your name)on the paper. 请在文件上签名。  ‎ The policeman signed them to stop. 警察示意他们停下来。‎ ‎50. silence n. 寂静；沉默     ‎ silent  adj. 寂静的；沉默的，无声的 keep silence/silent 保持沉默         ‎ listen in silence 静静地听 ‎51. similar  adj. 类似的，相似的   ‎ similarly  adv.           ‎ be similar to sth. 和......相似 ‎52. simple adj. 简单的；朴素的；单纯的     ‎ live a simple life=live simply    ‎ He is as simple as a child.‎ simply adv. 简单地；朴素地；仅仅，只不过；简直，完全 ‎53. since  prep. 自从...…  adv.从那以后   conj. 自从…...以来; 既然 He has lived here since then/1949.      ‎ He left the town in 1980 and I haven’t seen him (ever) since.‎ It is/has been 3 years since we parted.   ‎ Since you are all here, let’s make a decision.‎ ‎54. single adj. 单一的，单个的，单程的；单身的，独身的；单人的 n. 单打比赛 Not a single tree could be seen. 看不到一棵树。   ‎ a single ticket  一张单程车票 a single man  一个单身男人 This room has two single beds. 这个房间有两张单人床。‎ ‎55. sink v. (sank-sunk)使下沉，沉没，下沉，低沉 The ship sank into the river.     ‎ sink into a chair 一屁股坐在椅子里  ‎ Hearing the news, his heart sank. 听到这个消息，他的心一下子沉了下去。‎ ‎56. sit vi.(sat-sat-sitting) 坐，（鸟等）栖息     ‎ sit down sit at the desk 坐在桌子旁 ‎ sit at table 就席，进餐 ‎57. situation n. 位置，形势，局面，境遇，处境      ‎ the international situation 国际形势 ‎58. size n. 大小，尺寸，号码   ‎ be of a size=be of the same size 相同大小/尺寸 The two houses are of a size.=The two houses are of the same size. 这两座房子大小一样。‎ ‎59. sky  n.天空    ‎ in the sky       ‎ a blue sky ‎60.sleep  n./v. 睡觉  ‎ I didn’t get much sleep last night. 昨晚我睡得很少。  ‎ fall into sleep 睡着了   ‎ have a sound sleep 睡个好觉 sleep well/deeply/soundly/badly ‎61. slide  v.(slid, slid) v. （使）滑动；滑落；不知不觉陷入；溜；悄悄地迅速放置 n. 滑动；幻灯片；滑梯；雪崩 ‎ She slid out while no one was looking.没人看着时她溜了出去。   ‎ The man slid the money quickly into his pocket.这个男人悄悄地迅速把钱放入他的口袋里。‎ ‎62. slight  adj. ‎ ‎① 轻微的，少量    a slight fever   ‎ ‎② 小的，微不足道的   a slight mistake ‎③ 纤细的， 瘦的    ‎ a young girl of slight build 身材瘦小的少女 not in the slightest/ not at all 一点也不，毫不 slightly  adv.略微地，轻微地    ‎ The man was slightly hurt.  ‎ ‎63. slow  adj. 慢的；笨的；迟钝的   v.放慢；变慢 slowly  adv.   ‎ slowness n.‎ Progress was slower than expected.    ‎ slow down 慢下来，放慢速度  ‎ ‎64. smell link-v. 闻起来  v. 闻; 嗅; 觉察到（smelled-smelled;  smelt-smelt）  n. 气味;嗅觉 ‎ Dinner smells good.  ‎ Can you smell something burning? 你能闻到有东西烧着了吗？‎ He smelt danger. 他觉察到了危险。          ‎ Dogs have a very good sense of smell. 狗有很好的嗅觉吗？‎ ‎65. smile  v./n.微笑     ‎ She smiled at him and he smiled back.   ‎ He smiled with relief. 他欣慰地笑了。‎ He is wearing（面露）a big/forced/cold smile.‎ ‎66. snake   n. 蛇  v.迂回前进   ‎ The road snaked away into the distance. 这条路蜿蜒到远方。‎ The soldiers snaked their way through the narrow street. 这些士兵迂回地进入了这条狭窄的街道。‎ ‎67. social  adj. ‎ ‎① 社会的 ，有关社会的 ‎ social reforms 社会改革 ‎② 社交的，交际的                ‎ ‎③ 群居的 Man is a social animal.‎ society  n. 社会  in society ‎68. soon  adv. 马上; 很快; 不久      ‎ How soon will we be back?    ‎ Please send it as soon as possible.‎ sooner or later 迟早      ‎ no sooner…than … 一......就......‎ ‎69. sort  n. 种类 类别 品种   v. 整理 把...…分类 ； 处理 安排 There are all sorts of jobs you could do.‎ sort (out) the letters 整理分类这些信件 It is our problem. We will get it sorted.‎ sort of = kind of 有点儿   ‎ He is sort of nervous.‎ ‎70. sound  n. 声音 声响  v. 听起来 Sound travels more slowly than light. 声音传播地比光慢。‎ His voice sounded strange on the phone.‎ ‎71. space  n. 空间；空地；太空      ‎ The desk takes up too much space. 这张桌子占据了太多空间。‎ Can we make space/room for an extra chair? 我们能再给一把椅子腾出空间来吗？       ‎ in outer space 在外太空 ‎72. spare  adj. 不用的 闲置的；备用的；空闲的 多余的 We have a spare bedroom, if you like to stay.‎ a spare key/tyre       ‎ in one’s spare time ‎ v. 尽力 破费；抽出 匀出（时间、金钱等）；饶命(spare one’s life)‎ He spared no effort to make her happy.    ‎ Surely you can spare me a few minutes.    ‎ ‎73. speak（spoke-spoken） v. 说话；提起，讲述 ；发表讲话，演讲 He speaks with a strange accent(口音).       ‎ speech  n.演讲 讲话 发言；说话的能力；戏剧中的台词 give/make/deliver a speech     ‎ the power of speech 演讲的力量 ‎74. special  adj. 特殊的 不寻常的；重要的，特别关注的；有专门目的的 There is something special about this place.  ‎ What are your special interests?     ‎ a special moment n. 特价产品；特价 The menu changes regularly and there are daily specials to choose from.‎ specially  adv. 专门地 特意地 ‎75. speed  v.（sped-sped / speeded-speeded）加速，迅速前行  n.（运动的）速度        ‎ speed up 加速 The car sped along the road.           ‎ The drug will speed her recovery. 这种药加速了她的康复。‎ at a speed of  以......的速度 ‎ at top/full speed 以最快的速度 He reduced the speed and turned sharp left.‎ ‎76. spell  v.（spelt-spelt / spelled-spelled）拼写，拼读 ‎ How do you spell your name?‎ spell out 拼写出    ‎ You know what I mean—I am sure I don’t need to spell it out ‎77. spend   v.（spent-spent）度过，花费         ‎ spend time/money on sth.‎ spend time/money in doing We spent the weekend in Paris.‎ ‎78. spirit  n. 精神；心灵        ‎ the power of human spirit to overcome difficulties in high/low spirits 情绪高涨/低落 ‎79. spot  n.点；斑点；污点，瑕疵；（太阳的）黑点  v. 点缀，弄脏，使有污点         ‎ on the spot    当场，立即，在现场 The night sky is spotted with stars. 夜晚的天空点缀着星星。‎ ‎80. spread  v./n.（spread-spread）传播，散布；蔓延；展开；伸展；铺开       ‎ Spread a piece of cloth on the table. 铺一块布在桌子上。‎ The disease spread quickly. 这种疾病蔓延的很快。    ‎ Spread butter on the bread. 在面包上涂黄油。‎ prevent the spread of disease 防止疾病传播 ‎81. spy  n. (pl.spies) 间谍，密探，特务  v. 从事间谍活动   ‎ a police spy  一个警探    ‎ spy on 暗中注视，偷偷的瞧 ‎82. stand  v. （stood-stood）站立，直立，位于（某处）某种状态，承受，忍受 n. 态度，观点，货摊 Stand still while I take a photo of you. 我给你照相时站着别动。‎ The house stood empty for a long time. 这所房子空了很长时间了。‎ Modern plastics can stand（承受）very high and very low temperatures. ‎ stand out 突出，出色               ‎ stand by 站在......旁，支持              ‎ stand for 代表，象征 ‎83. starve   v.（使）挨饿，饿死   ‎ starvation  n.   ‎ The animals were left to starve to death.‎ ‎84. state  n. 状态，状况；州  v. 陈述；声明；公布    ‎ in a good state/in good condition 处于良好的状态 She was in a state of shock.  她处于震惊的状态中。  ‎ the southern states of the US  美国南部的州 ‎ The facts are stated in the report. 这些事实在报告中被陈述 ‎ ‎85. status  n.身份，地位 ，名望    ‎ raise the status of workers  提高工人地位      ‎ have a high social status 有很高的社会地位 ‎86. stay  v.停留；保持 持续是 ；暂留 逗留   n. 停留 逗留 作客 Stay there and don’t move.     ‎ He never stays angry for long. ‎ I stayed 3 nights at my cousin’s house.     ‎ stay away 外出，不在家 ‎87. steady  adj. 稳步的；持续的；稳固的    ‎ We are making slow but steady progress.‎ Such fine work requires a good eye and a steady hand.‎ ‎88. stress  n. 压力；强调；紧张；重要性；重读  vt. 强调；使紧张；加压力于；用重音读 Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.‎ She lays great stress on punctuality.‎ ‎89. steal  v.（stole-stolen）偷窃，剽窃   ‎ My wallet was stolen last night.‎ ‎90. step  n. 迈步；距离；步骤 措施；阶段  v. 迈步；行走  ‎ The hotel is only a short step from the beach.    ‎ We are taking steps to prevent pollution. 我们正在采取措施防止污染。  ‎ Mind/Watch your steps. 留心脚下。‎ She opened the door and stepped out into the sunshine. 她打开门，走出去，到了阳光里。‎ T（48）‎ ‎1. take  v. 拿；获得;取；采取；接受（礼物等）；耗费（时间等）‎ take A for B  把A误以为B take in  吸收；领会；欺骗；接待；接受；理解；拘留 take action 采取行动 take steps/measures  采取措施 ‎2. talent  n. 天资, 天赋，人才 Ordinary people merely think how they should spend their time; a man of talent tries to use it.‎ 普通人只考虑该如何度过时间，天才则努力利用时间。‎ He is a talent but he always hides his light.‎ 他是个有天赋的人，但他总是掩饰自己的光芒。‎ ‎3. taste  n. 味道；品味；审美 v. 尝；体验；尝起来；有…的味道 I don’t like the taste of olives(橄榄).‎ 我不喜欢橄榄的味道。‎ I have lost my sense of taste. ‎ 我已经失去了味觉。     ‎ The dish tastes delicious.‎ 这道菜尝起来很美味。‎ ‎4.tear  v.（tore，torn）撕毁，撕破；移开，扯掉   n. 眼泪 I tore the letter in half/ into halves.   ‎ 我把信撕成两半。     ‎ burst into tears  突然哭起来 He left the room in tears.  他哭着离开了房间。    ‎ ‎5. tell  v.告诉，讲述，辨别，区分 ‎ tell sb sth=tell sth to sb  告诉某人某事     ‎ tell the truth/lies  讲事实/说谎    ‎ tell A from B  区分A和B   ‎ Can you tell the differences between B.E. and A.E.?‎ 你能区分B.E.和A.E.之间的区别吗？‎ ‎6. tend  v. 易于; 往往；倾向于; 照料, 看管 tend to do sth 往往会......‎ I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.‎ 在阅读和听时，我往往会在头脑里看到画面。‎ Women tend to live longer than men. ‎ 女性往往比男性活得更长。         ‎ I’d tend the store while you’re away.   ‎ 你离开时，我会照看这个店的。                 ‎ tend to the sick 照料病人 ‎7. terrify vt.恐吓；使恐怖；使害怕 be terrified at 被...…吓了一跳   ‎ We were terrified at the deafening explosion.‎ 我们被震耳欲聋的大爆炸下了一跳。‎ ‎8. test  n.测验，检验  v. 测验；（身体）检查；考验 ‎ take a test  参加测验     ‎ a test for Aids 艾滋病测试 The match is a real test of character for us. ‎ 这场比赛对我们来说是一次真正的个性考验。‎ The climb tested our fitness and energy.‎ 这次攀登考验了我们的健康和能量。‎ ‎9. thank  n./v.感谢 thanks to  幸亏，由于 Thanks to a lot of hard work, we succeeded.  ‎ 由于努力的工作，我们成功了。‎ How can I express my thanks to you?‎ 我怎么才能表达我对你的感激呢？‎ thank sb for sth/doing sth 因......感谢某人 ‎10. think  v.（thought，thought） 认为；思考   ‎ I think so.‎ I don’t think so.‎ think of 记起，想起；考虑 think about 考虑 think for oneself  独立思考 thinking n. 思维，思想；想法，见解     ‎ I had to do some quick thinking.  ‎ 我不得不快速思考。‎ ‎11.thirsty  adj. 渴的；渴望的；渴求的  ‎ We were hungry and thirsty.     ‎ He is thirsty for money/power.      ‎ have a thirst for knowledge 渴求知识 ‎12. thought  n. 思考，思想，念头 On second thought(s)(再一想，转念一想)，he decided to accept his invitation.‎ deep in thought= lost in thought 沉思 ‎13. throughout  prep. 遍及，贯穿 throughout the night 整夜      ‎ throughout the town 全城 ‎14. throw  v.( threw/thrown) 扔，投 ‎ throw up 呕吐                         ‎ throw sth out 随口说出          ‎ ‎15. thus  ad. 这样(=in this way); 因而（=so） ‎ He studied hard; thus（因此）he got high marks（分数）.‎ He hanged himself on the tree, thus（这样）ending his life.‎ ‎16.tie  n. 领带，关系，结，平局   v.（tied/tied/tying）(用绳，线) 系，拴，扎，打成平局，得分相等 ‎ The match ended in a tie. 比赛打成平局 Our team tied (with) their team.=Our team was tied with their team. 打成平局 Please tie the horse to the tree. 请把马拴到树上。‎ ‎17. time n. 时间，时期，次数，倍数 v. 测定时间，记录时间 all the time=always 一直         ‎ ahead of time= in advance 提前 at a time 一次                      ‎ at one time 从前，一度 at times=sometimes有时候           ‎ from time to time 不时的，时而，偶尔 in no time 立刻，马上              ‎ in time及时，迟早 in time for sth 来得及干某事          ‎ Time is up. 时间到了。‎ on time 准时                      ‎ take one’s time 慢慢来                      ‎ waste no time (in) doing 赶紧干某事    ‎ It is (high) time (that) we started out. 我们该出发了。 ‎ At no time have I said such a thing. 我决没有说过这种话。‎ It is the first time (that) I have read such a book.我第一次读这样的书 ‎18. tip  n. 顶端，尖端，告诫，建议，提示，小费 ‎19. tire  v. 使疲惫，使厌倦 ‎ tired  adj. ‎ tiring  adj.  ‎ tiredness  n. 疲惫       ‎ sth tire sb out. 某事使某人疲惫 sb be tired out 某人疲惫了     ‎ sb be tired of sth./doing sth. 某人厌倦了某事 sb be tired with/from sth./doing sth. 某人因某事疲惫 ‎20. toast  n.祝酒；烤面包片   v.为...…干杯；烤（面包）‎ drink a toast to… 向......干杯      ‎ a piece of toast  一片考面包 a toasted sandwich  一个烤三明治 ‎21. tolerate  v. 容忍, 宽容; 经受, 忍受 Those who know how to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.‎ 那些知道如何宽容别人的人自然能过快乐的生活。‎ ‎22.  the day after tomorrow 后天 ‎23. tongue  n. 舌头，语言  ‎ mother tongue=native language 母语 ‎24. typical  a. 典型的，有代表性的 ‎ be typical of   是......的特点    ‎ It is typical of you to be so gentle.‎ 如此温柔是你的特点。‎ ‎25. top  n. 顶部，顶端；上部；首席；陀螺 adj. 最高的，顶上的；头等的 at the top of sth 在......的 ‎26. total  n. 合计，总计；v. 合计是  adj. 总的，完全的 He is totally blind.      ‎ A total of 400, 00 people were killed in the earthquake.‎ There are 50,000 students in our school in total. (=altogether=in all总共)‎ ‎27. touch  v. 触动，打动，触摸，接触；n. 接触，联系 touching adj. 打动人的 touched adj. 受到触动的 stay in touch with sb=keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 lose touch with sb 和某人失去联系         ‎ get in touch with sb取得联系 be in touch with sb 和某人又联系 be out of touch with sb 和某人没有联系 ‎28. tough  n. 恶棍  adj.坚韧的；健壮的；能吃苦耐劳的；坚强的顽固的；冷酷的；现实的；严厉的 I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.‎ 我知道开始吸烟是多么容易，戒烟是多么的难。‎ Don’t be too tough on/with him---he was only a child.‎ 不要对他太严厉，他只是个孩子。‎ ‎29. tour  n./v. 观光，旅行 ‎ ‎30. town  n.城镇，市镇；市内商业区 live in town live in the countryside go to town 去城里 go out of town 出城 ‎31. track  n. 轨道，田径，踪迹，跑道 keep track of  跟踪/跟踪了解  ‎ lose track of  失去联系 As to dealing with such problems, you are on the right track.‎ 对于处理这样的问题，你的方法是正确的。‎ ‎32. trade  n. 贸易；v. 交换 ‎ international trade国际贸易        ‎ trade A for B  用A换B ‎33. tradition  n.惯例，传统  ‎ by tradition 按照惯例     ‎ religious/ cultural traditions 宗教/文化传统 traditional  adj. 传统的          ‎ traditionally  adv. 传统地  ‎ ‎34. traffic  n. 交通；运输；[通信] 通信量 vt. 用…作交换；在…通行 at the traffic lights在交通灯那里 There are traffic jams at the corner every day.‎ 在拐角处，每天都有交通堵塞。‎ ‎35. train  n.火车；v.培训，训练 ‎ trainer教练，训练者                ‎ trainee受训练者 train sb for sth 为…...对某人进行培训    ‎ train sb as a fireman 把某人训练成消防队员。‎ ‎36. translate v. 翻译，转换成另一形式 translation  n. 翻译, 译文 Translate the sentence from Chinese into English.‎ ‎37. transportation   n. 运输；运输系统；运输工具；流放 The bike is a useful means of transportation.‎ 自行车是有用的交通工具。‎ ‎38．trap  n. 陷阱  vt. 使陷入困境 set/lay/place a trap for mice 给老鼠设置陷阱 fall into/get out of a trap 陷入/脱离陷阱      ‎ Having been trapped in traffic, he was late for work.‎ 由于被困在交通中，他上班迟到了。‎ ‎39. travel  n. 旅行，传播（光、声、病）v.旅行，出行，传播 traveller/traveler 旅行者 Light travels faster than sound.‎ 光传播比声快。‎ ‎40. treasure  n. 金银财宝，财富，珍爱的东西；v. 珍爱，珍惜  ‎ treasure our friendship ‎41. treat  n. 款待；v. 对待，处理，治疗  ‎ treatment n. 治疗，处理 under treatment 在治疗中               ‎ It’s my treat. 我请客   ‎ treat sb to sth 用某物款待某人 treat sb as/ like… 对待某人像......‎ ‎42.trick  n. 诡计，把戏，花招，计谋；v. 欺骗 play a trick on sb 捉弄/欺骗某人 ‎43. trip  n./v. 旅行，旅程 go on a trip to a place 去某地旅行 ‎ ‎44. trouble  n. 问题，烦恼，麻烦；v. 使苦恼，使麻烦 I am sorry to trouble you, but can you tell me his address?‎ trouble sb to do 麻烦某人做某事    ‎ have trouble with sth./ have trouble (in) doing 干某事有困难 get into/out of  trouble 陷入困境 /摆脱困境    ‎ take trouble to do sth. 尽力做某事 ‎45. true  a. 真的，忠诚的  ‎ truly adv.   ‎ My dream came true.= I realized my dream.‎ ‎46.truth  n. 真理，真相，事实 tell the truth 说实话 ‎47. try  n. 尝试  v. 审理，努力，尝试 try on 试穿                    ‎ try out试用 have a try 试一下               ‎ try the case审理案件 try to do 努力                  ‎ try doing试着干 try one’s best to do =do one’s best to do 尽力做某事 ‎48. turn  n. 轮流，顺序  v. 转变，旋转，变成 in turn=by turns 轮流（作状语）  ‎ take turns to do=take turns at doing（作谓语）‎ It is my turn. 该我了。            ‎ turn against sb/sth 背叛     ‎ turn back 返回                   ‎ turn down调低，拒绝             ‎ turn up 开大，上涨，到来，露面    ‎ turn in 上交（=hand in）     ‎ turn to 转向，变成，求助于 turn off 关掉                    ‎ turn on 打开 turn over 翻过来                 ‎ turn A into/to B 把A变成B turn out (to be)  n/adj/ adv 结果是，证明是（强调与预料的相反）‎ U ‎1. ugly  a.丑陋的； 难看的 ‎2. U.K./ UK(缩) =United Kingdom 英国，联合王国 ‎3. um  int. 嗯 ‎4. umbrella  n. 雨伞 ‎5. U.N./UN(缩) =the United Nations  n. 联合国 ‎6. unable  a.不能的，不能胜任的 ‎7. uncertain  a.不确定的 ‎8. uncle  n. 叔；伯；舅；姑夫；姨父 ‎9. under  ad.& prep. 在……下面，向……下面 ‎10. understand  v. 懂得；明白；理解 ‎11. understanding  n.领会； 理解 ‎12. undertake  v. 承担，从事，负责 undertake the difficult task  从事艰难的任务 undertake responsibility  承担责任 undertake to do sth. 负责做某事     ‎ He undertook to finish the job by Friday. ‎ 他负责周五之前完成这项工作。‎ ‎13. underwear  n.内衣 ‎14. undivided  a.没分开的； 专一的； 专心的 ‎15. undo  v.解开，松开 ‎16. unemployment  n.失业 ‎17. unfair  a.不公平的，不公正的 an unfair judge 不公平的判断/审判 be unfair on/to sb 对某人不公平     ‎ It’s unfair on him to make him pay for everything.‎ 让他为一切付账对他不公平。‎ ‎18. unfit  a.不合宜的，不相宜的，不健康的 ‎19. unfold  vt.展开，打开 ‎20. unfortunate  a.不幸的 ‎21. unfortunately  ad.不幸地 ‎22. unhappy  a.不高兴的，伤心的 ‎23. unhealthy  a.不健康的，不卫生的 ‎24. uniform  n.制服 ‎25. unimportant  a.不重要的 ‎26. union  n.联合，联盟；工会 the student union  学生会 ‎27. unit  n.单元，单位 ‎28. unite  v.联合，团结 Carnival became a way to unite different communities.‎ 嘉年华成为联合不同社区的一种方式。‎ We should unite with all the forces that can be united.‎ 我们应该团结一切可以团结的力量。‎ ‎29. universe  n.宇宙 ‎30. university  n.大学 ‎31. unknown  a.不知道的 ‎32. unless  conj.如果不，除非 ‎33. unlike  prep.不像，和……不同 ‎34. unmarried  a.未婚的，独身的 ‎35. unpleasant  a.令人不愉快的 ‎36. unrest  n.不安； 骚动 ‎37. unsafe  a.不安全的； 危险的 ‎38. unsuccessful  a.不成功的，失败的 ‎39. until  prep.&conj. 直到……为止 ‎40. untrue  a.不真实的，假的 ‎41. unusual  a.不同寻常的，异常的 ‎42. up  ad. 向上；在上方；起来；在……以上 a. 上面的，向上的，上行的 n. 上升；上坡；上行；繁荣  v. 举起；拿起；提高 prep. 向(高处)；向(在)……上(面)游 ‎43. upon  prep.在……上面 upon/on+ sth/doing= as soon as 从句   以......就......‎ Upon his arrival, I will telephone you.‎ 他一到，我就给你打电话。‎ ‎44. upper  a.较高的，较上的 ‎45. upset  a.心烦的，苦恼的  vt. 使心烦；翻倒 ‎46. upstairs  ad.在楼上，到楼上 ‎47. upward(s)  ad.向上； 往上 ‎48. urge  v.强烈要求，力劝，催促，驱策，推进  n. 强烈的欲望，迫切要求；推动力 urge sb to do/into doing  强烈要求/力劝某人做某事    ‎ They urged me to eat the strange food. ‎ 他们要求我吃奇怪的食物。‎ urge that clause(should do)  强烈要求......‎ He urged that we should take such steps.‎ 他要求我们采取这样的措施。‎ ‎49. U.S.A./USA(缩) = the United States of America n. 美国（美利坚合众国）‎ ‎50. use  n. 利用，用途；v. 利用，使用   ‎ make (good/ better/full) use of sth （好好/更好地/充分）利用某物 sth be in use/out of use 某物在被使用/ 某物不被使用 sth come into use 开始被使用   ‎ It is no use doing sth.做某事没用 be/get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯做某事   ‎ be used to do 被用来做某事 ‎51. used  a.用过的；旧的；二手的 ‎52. useful  a.有用的，有益的 ‎53. useless  a.无用的 ‎54. It is useless doing sth. 做某事没用。‎ It’s useless worrying about it. 担心它没用。‎ ‎55. user  n. 使用者； 用户 ‎56. usual  a.通常的，平常的 ‎57. as usual 像往常一样 ‎58. usually  ad. 通常 ‎59. underground  n. 地下通道；地铁；地道；地下组织；秘密活动；先锋派团体 adj. 地下的；秘密的；先锋派的 adv. 在地下；秘密地 V ‎1. vacation  n. 假期，休假 the winter vacation 寒假     ‎ be on vacation 在休假 ‎2. vain  n. 自负的，徒劳的，无效的 in vain  徒劳地 I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.‎ 我非常努力去找到这个问题的答案，但是是徒劳的。‎ ‎3. valley  n. 山谷, 溪谷 ‎4. valuable a. 有价值的，值钱的，贵重的 ‎5. value   n. 价值，价值观 v. 估价，重视 ‎ be of value= be valuable  有价值的 ‎6. vanilla  n. 香草 ‎7. variety n. 种种，种类 ‎8. a variety of = varieties of = various 各种各样的 ‎9. various a. 各种各样的，不同的 ‎10. vase n. （花）瓶 ‎11. vast  a. 巨大的，广阔的 ‎12. VCD  n. 影碟光盘 ‎13. vegetable  n. 蔬菜 ‎14. very  ad. 很，非常 ‎15. vest  n. 背心，内衣 ‎16. victory  n. 胜利 ‎17. video  n. 录像，视频 ‎18. videophone  n. 可视电话 ‎19. view  n.看法，见解；风景，景色  v.看见，看待，考虑 political views  政治观点  ‎ in one’s view  在某人看来 come into view  被看到 The view from the top of the tower was spectacular.‎ 塔顶的风景非常壮观。‎ ‎20. viewer  n.观看者 ‎21. village  n.村庄，乡村 ‎22. villager  n.村民 ‎23. vinegar  n.醋 ‎24. violence  n.暴力 ‎25. violent  a.暴力的 violent crime  暴力犯罪 violent movies  暴力电影 ‎26. violin  n.小提琴 ‎27. violinist  n.提琴家，提琴手 ‎28. virtue  n.美德，正直的品行，德行 ‎29. virus  n.病毒 ‎ ‎30. visa  n. 签证，背签 ‎31. visit  n.& vt. 参观，访问，拜访 go on a visit to sth/sb  参观某地/拜访某人      ‎ pay a visit to sth/sb  参观某地/拜访某人 ‎32. visitor  n. 访问者，参观者 ‎33. vocabulary  n. 词汇, 词汇表 ‎34. voice  n. 声音，音色，语态 in a high/low voice  以高或低的声音 at the top of one’s voice  最高声地 ‎35. volleyball n. 排球 ‎36. vote  n. 投票，选举；选票；得票数  v. 选举，投票 ‎37. voyage n./v.  航行，旅行 ‎38. volunteer  n.志愿者  v.志愿，自愿    ‎ W ‎1. wait n. 等待  v. 等待 wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某事  ‎ wait for sb to do 等某人做某事 wait on sb 服侍某人         ‎ wait at/on table 招待进餐 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事 ‎2. wander  vi  徘徊；漫步  ‎ wander about/around  四处徘徊/漫步 ‎3.want v. 想要，需要 ‎ The house wants painting.=The house wants to be painted.这房子需要被粉刷 ‎4. warn  vt. 警告，预先通知    ‎ warn sb of/against sth  警告某人小心某物 ‎5. wash  n. 洗，洗的东西  vt/vi. 洗，冲洗 This cloth washes easily. 这种布料非常好洗。‎ ‎6. waste  n. 浪费，废物  vt. 浪费 waste time (in) doing/waste time on sth  浪费时间做某事 It is a waste of time/ energy/ money doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间/精力/钱的。‎ ‎7. way  n. 路；方式，方法  ‎ in this way  用这种方法     ‎ by the way  顺便说（引入话题）‎ on the way to a place  在去某地的路上  ‎ under way  在进行中 on the way to doing  即将干某事       ‎ give way to sb/sth  让位给某人或某物 a way to lose weight=a way of losing weight  减肥的方法 in the way  挡道，碍事 Please get out of my way!  给我让路！‎ ‎8. wear  v. (wore , worn) 穿着，戴着，留须发，磨损 wear sb out. 使某人精疲力竭（= sb is worn out） ‎ wear a smile  面带微笑 ‎9. weekly adj. 每周的，周刊的  adv. 每周一次；逐周 It is a weekly magazine.  它是一本周刊。‎ The magazine is published weekly. 这本杂志是每周出版一次。‎ ‎10. what  pron. 什么  adj. 什么；多么  ‎ What for=why   ‎ So what? 那又怎么样？（表反问）  ‎ What if it rains? 如果下雨怎么办？‎ ‎11. whole  adj.整个的 ‎ on the whole 总体上 ‎12. wide  adj. 宽的，广泛的   adv. 充分地   ‎ widely  adv. 广泛地 The child is wide awake. 这个小孩非常清醒，没有睡意。‎ English is widely used all over the world. 英语在世界各地被广泛使用。‎ ‎13. will  n. 意志，遗嘱 He gave up his job against his mother’s will. 他违背母亲的意志辞调了工作。‎ at will  随意，任意 ‎14. win  v. 赢 win the first prize/respect/fame/war/match…  赢得一等奖/尊重/名誉/战争/比赛 ‎15. wind  n. 风  v. 缠绕, 蜿蜒(wound/ wound)   ‎ wind sb’s way  蜿蜒前进  ‎ feel sb’s way  摸索前进 make sb’s way （艰难地）前进   ‎ push sb’s way  挤着前进 ‎16. wipe  v. 擦；擦净；擦干；消除 He wiped his hands on his blue apron. 他在他的蓝色围裙擦了擦手。‎ They wiped away the girl’s tears. 他们擦去女孩的眼泪。‎ wipe the glass dry 擦干玻璃  ‎ wipe out 消灭，彻底摧毁；垮台 ‎17. wish  n. 愿望  v. 希望，祝愿  ‎ wish you + 名词（success/ good luck/ a pleasant trip）! 祝你成功/好运/旅途愉快！‎ wish for sth 希望有某物      ‎ I wish that 从句（用虚拟语气）‎ wish to do 希望做某事 ‎18. without  prep. 没有 ‎ go without  在没有...…的情况下勉强应付 ‎19. witness  n. 证人；目击者；证据  vt. 目击；证明；为…...作证 vi. 作证人 The year 1949 witnessed the founding of the P.R.C.‎ ‎1949年见证了中华人民共和国成立。‎ ‎20. word  n. 词，话，消息，诺言   ‎ have a word with=have a few words with 和某人谈谈 Word came that Tom won the first prize. 有消息传来，汤姆赢得了一等奖。‎ You should keep your word. 你应该信守诺言。‎ ‎21. work  n. 工作（不可数）；作品（可数）；v. 工作，运转，起作用 works  n. 工厂（单复数均有s），作品 ‎ work at/on …  忙于/从事......  ‎ be at work  在工作 start work  开始工作   ‎ out of work 失业    ‎ work out  算出，锻炼，结果是 ‎22. world  n. 世界       ‎ It’s a small world.世界真小。（哪里都有熟人）‎ It’s not the end of the world. 还没到世界末日。（并不是那么糟糕） ‎ I am on top of the world. 我非常愉快。‎ learn about the outside world 了解外面的世界 ‎23. worried  adj. 担心的 ‎ be worried about sb/sth 担心某人/某事  ‎ Doctors are worried about the possible spread of the disease.‎ 医生们担心这种疾病可能会传播。‎ be worried that… 担心......    ‎ I was worried that you wouldn’t come back. 我担心你回不来。‎ worrying  adj. 令人担心的   ‎ worrying problems 令人担心的问题  ‎ worry   v. （使）担心   ‎ There is no point in worrying about things you can’t change.‎ 担心你无法改变的事情是没有意义的。‎ I don’t want to worry you about the present situation.‎ 我不想让你担心目前的情况。‎ ‎24. worthy  a. 有价值的；有价值的 be worthy of sth  值得......‎ be worthy of being done  值得被......‎ The problem is worthy of consideration/being considered. 这个问题值得被考虑。‎ be worthy to be done  值得被......  ‎ The young man is worthy to be taught. 这个年轻人值得被教。‎ ‎25. worthwhile  a. 值得做的，值得花时间的 ‎ a worthwhile effort 值得付出的努力 It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth 做某事是值得的 ‎ It isn’t worthwhile continuing with the project. 继续这项工程师值得的。‎ I thought it worthwhile to clarify the matter. 我认为澄清这件事情是值得的。‎ ‎26. wrist  n.手腕 seize sb by the wrist  抓住某人的手腕 ‎27. wrap  v. 包起来；包装  ‎ wrap up  包/包裹/包装起来；严密裹住；包扎 X X-ray [eks-reɪ]  n. X射线；X光 ‎ Y yard [jɑːd] n. 码；院子；场地 ‎ yawn [jɔːn] v. 打哈欠 ‎ year [jɪə(r), jəː(r)] n. 年 ‎ yell [jel] v. 叫喊, 吼叫 ‎ yellow [ˈjeləʊ] a. 黄色的 ‎ yes [jes] ad. 是, 好, 同意 ‎ yesterday [ˈjestədeɪ] n.& ad. 昨天 yet [jet] ad. 尚, 还, 仍然 ‎ yoghurt ['jɔgət] n. 酸奶 ‎ you [juː, jʊ]  pron. 你；你们 ‎ young [jʌŋ] a. 年轻的 ‎ your [jʌŋ] pron. 你的；你们的 ‎ yours [jɔːz, jʊəz] pron. 你的；你们的 ‎ yourself [jɔːˈself; (US) jʊərˈself] pron. 你自己 yourselves [jɔːˈself; (US) jʊərˈself] pron. 你们自己 ‎ youth [juːθ] n. 青春；青年 ‎ yummy [ˈjʌmɪ] a. 很好吃的 ‎ Z zebra [ˈzebrə, ˈziːbrə] n. 斑马 ‎ zebra-crossing [ˈzebrə-ˈkrɔsɪŋ] 人行横道线（斑马线） ‎ zero [ˈzɪərəʊ] n.&num.零,零度,零点 ‎ zip [zɪp] v.&n.拉开(或扣上)……的拉链；拉链 ‎ zip code(美) =postcode [zɪp kəʊd] (英)邮政区号 ‎ zipper [ˈzɪpə(r)] n. 拉链 ‎ zone [zəʊn] n. 区域；范围 ‎ zoo [zuː] n. 动物园 zoom [zuːm] v. 快速移动, 迅速前往, 猛涨 ‎