德阳市2014高考英语二轮短文类训练10 及答案或解析 8页

德阳市2019高考英语二轮短文类训练（10） 及答案或解析 A Words：340　难度系数：★★★　建议用时：9分钟 Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is one of the most loved children’s books of all time，and many adults enjoy it as well.It tells the story of a young girl named Alice，who follows a rabbit entering a magical world called Wonderland.She has many experiences which seem to change the rules of reasoning or common sense.The popularity of the book comes from its imagination，interesting story，and art work.‎ The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll.In fact，Lewis Carroll was not the writer’s real name.His real name was Charles Dodgson.One day，he took a boat ride down the Thames River to have a picnic with three little girls who were friends of the family.To keep them entertained on the ride，he told them a story in which Alice，the middle child，was the main character.They enjoyed the story very much.‎ Charles later wrote the story down under the name Alice’s Adventures Under Ground and gave it to Alice as a Christmas present.Later，he gave a copy to his friend George MacDonald.George read it to his children and they loved it.George suggested to Charles that he make a book from his story.Charles then wrote more parts to the story until it was around 35,000 words.It was first printed in 1866，with art work by John Tenniel，under the name Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.The book was an immediate success.‎ One of its first fans was Queen Victoria.She immediately requested a collection of all of Lewis Carroll’s works.She was surprised to find that they included many works on math.In fact，Charles Dodgson was a highly respected mathematician.This can be seen in many puzzles and plays on reasoning that appear in his books and poems.‎ Since the story was first printed，it has kept selling up to the present day.It has been translated into over fifty languages and has had several movies based on it.The story is even mentioned in the popular 2019 film The Matrix by the character Morpheus.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了一直以来在全球畅销书少儿类排行榜属前列的一本书——Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland的写作过程、写作目的及其深远的影响。‎ ‎1．The passage is mainly about ________.‎ A．Charles’ family life B．a girl’s adventurous experiences C．a magical world called Wonderland D．the birth of a book and its lasting influences 解析：选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文大意是说明Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland的写作过程、目的和深远影响，故本题选D。‎ ‎2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．The writer published his works under his real name.‎ B．The character Alice originated from George’s children.‎ C．John contributed partly to the popularity of the book.‎ D．Charles offered a copy to George for advice.‎ 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的倒数一、二句可知本题选C。‎ ‎3．We can learn from the passage that ________.‎ A．Queen Victoria asked for a few of Charles’ writings B．Charles had a gift for reasoning and writing C．Charles had all his works translated into fifty languages D．The Matrix was based on Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland 解析：选B。推理判断题。由第四段的后两句可知本题选B。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is the right order of the passage?‎ a．Charles gave his story to Alice as a Christmas present.‎ b．Charles had a picnic with three little girls on the Thames.‎ c. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland was first printed in 1866.‎ d．More parts were added to the story by Charles.‎ e．The book won a large number of fans.‎ A．c－b－a－d－e B．c－a－b－e－d C．b－a－d－c－e D．b－a－c－e－d 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第二和第三段的内容可知本题选C。‎ ‎***********************************************************结束 Passage*** ‎ ‎“This Friday we’ll have the yearly Egg Drop Challenge,”said our science teacher, Mr. Baker.“You can work alone or with a partner.”‎ My friend, Cassie, and I smiled at each other. We always worked on projects ‎ 36 .‎ The 37 of the Challenge was simple—to build a protective container to keep an egg from breaking when 38 the stadium wall.‎ I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie. 39 the butter cream gave me an idea.‎ ‎“I have a brilliant design for our 40 container!”I said when Cassie arrived.“We can 41 the egg with some butter cream.”‎ ‎“Why not put the egg in a basket with a parachute(降落伞) 42 ?”Cassie rolled her eyes.“The parachute is better than that stupid idea.”‎ I couldn’t believe it. Of course we’d had our little ‎43 in the past, but she’d never called any of my ideas “ ‎44 ”‎before.‎ ‎“Then I’ll build mine and you build yours!”‎ ‎ 45 words had been out, our friendship was challenged.‎ When Friday finally arrived, I had to 46 Cassie’s Egg Force One looked pretty good. 47 ,my Egg-cellent Egg Cream didn’t look quite scientific. We kids carried our containers up three stadium steps and dropped them over the side wall. Those whose eggs broke were out; those whose eggs survived 48 three more steps and dropped them again. This would go on till the last egg broke.‎ After four rounds, only Cassie and I were 49 .I let go of my box. I heard someone say “ew” after seconds. Had my egg broken? I raced down the 50 .The sidewalk was dotted with egg shells(蛋壳) from those 51 drops. Finally I found my little Egg-cellent Egg Gream.‎ ‎“That looks like egg drop soup, Laura,”Cassie said. She was holding her Egg Force One. My 52 raced. Had she won? I looked at her basket. 53 .‎ ‎“My egg bounced 54 ,”she explained, pointing to a broken shell.‎ ‎“A tie(平局),”Mr.Baker said.‎ Cassie looked at me,and her glare 55 .I laughed. She smiled...‎ ‎36.A.patiently B.silently C.together D.alone ‎37.A.function B.goal C.reason D.result ‎38.A.rolled down B.pushed against C.thrown at D.dropped over ‎39.A.Spreading B.Boiling C.Baking D.Holding ‎40.A.butter B.sandwich C.cream D.egg ‎41.A.protect B.replace C.carry D.mix ‎42.A.followed B.covered C.attached D.supported ‎43.A.ideas B.fights C.worries D.challenges ‎44.A.wrong B.stupid C.brilliant D.scientific ‎45.A.Since B.While C.But D.And ‎46.A.explain B.deny C.admit D.prove ‎47.A.Therefore B.Anyway C.Otherwise D.Besides ‎48.A.paced down B.turned around C.walked up D.went back ‎49.A.left B.wanted C.chosen D.discovered ‎50.A.steps B.way C.wall D.sidewalk ‎51.A.intended B.unexpected C.failed D.desired ‎52.A.eyes B.hands C.feet D.heart ‎53.A.Lost B.Dirty C.Broken D.Empty ‎54.A.around B.out C.in D.down ‎55.A.returned B.remained C.increased D.softened 参考答案 ‎ ‎ 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.A 40.D ‎ ‎41.A 42.C 43.B 44.B 45.A ‎ ‎46.C 47.B 48.C 49.A 50.A ‎ ‎51.C 52.D 53.D 54.B 55.D ‎************************************结束 Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists, the reason for this phenomenon.“It is very clear,” he told me. “They were all Jews (犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent's dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. ‎ Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society with stronger discipline than ours,”says Isaac Stern,“children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well.” The Koreans and Chinese, as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.‎ That's a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.‎ ‎46. Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because .‎ A. it would allow them access to a better life in the West B. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent C. they wanted their children to enter into the professional fields D. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country ‎47. Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that .‎ A. enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development C. encourage people to compete with each other D. promise talented children high positions ‎48. Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to .‎ A. all-round development B. the learning of Western music C. strict training of children D. variety in academic studies ‎49. Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?‎ A. A natural gift. B. Extensive knowledge of music-‎ C. Very early training. D. A prejudice-free society.‎ ‎50. Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Jewish Contribution to Music.‎ B. Training of Musicians in the World.‎ C. Music and Society.‎ D. The Making of Prodigies 参考答案 46‎-50 A B C A D ‎*******************************************************结束 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ In the United States there was an unusual tale telling of the daughter of a mechanic （技工）. One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl 1 to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose（鹅）. After some time the girl 2 the mother would not return to her eggs and she 3 to take them home. There she carefully 4 the eggs in the heat of a lamp. Several days 5 the eggs broke and the baby geese came into the 6 .‎ Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother. 7 , to these young geese, the girl was their mother. ‎ As they 8 , the girl was able to 9 her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to 10 . The girl became increasingly worried about this, both when 11 and in her dreams. Later, she had an 12 : She would pilot(驾驶) a plane to guide them in 13 . She asked her father for a plane and he assembled（组装）a small aircraft for her. ‎ Caring about 14 safety, the father decided to pilot the plane himself. However, the birds did not 15 or follow him, and 16 slept in the grass. ‎ One day, the girl 17 into the plane, started it and soon left the 18 . Seeing their mother take to the air, the birds 19 flapped（拍打）their wings and 20 . She flew the plane freely in the sky, her young birds following. ‎ ‎1. A. managed B. attempted C. happened D. supposed ‎ ‎2. A. realized B. expected C. imagined D. admitted ‎ ‎3. A. helped B. decided C. afforded D. meant ‎4. A. placed B. protected C. treated D. examined ‎ ‎5. A. ago B. out C. later D. long ‎ ‎6. A. family B. lake C. home D. world ‎ ‎7. A. But B. Also C. Thus D. Still ‎8. A. increased B. improved C. rose D. grew ‎9. A. ask B. lead C. want D. allow ‎10. A. fly B. race C. swim D. sing ‎ ‎11. A. asleep B. away C. around D. awake ‎12. A. idea B. opinion C. explanation D. excuse ‎ ‎13. A. sky B. heaven C. flight D. plane ‎14. A. his B. her C. their D. its ‎ ‎15. A. respect B. remember C. recognize D. receive ‎ ‎16. A. so B. instead C. hardly D. too ‎17. A. climbed B. looked C. reached D. fell ‎18. A. house B. floor C. water D. ground ‎19. A. secretly B. disappointedly C. patiently D. eagerly ‎20. A. looked away B. set out C. went by D. turned back 参考答案 ‎ ‎1-5 CABAC 6-10 DCDBA ‎ 11-15 DACBC 16-20 BADDB)‎ ‎*********************************************************结束 阅读理解 Pop stars today enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty (皇室). Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven RollsRoyces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage(随从) of managers, press agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported，for, like ‎ royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privileges of royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public.They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds who idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property. The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are great.‎ And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation (奉承) on an alltime scale. By today’ s standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the title “Top of the Pops” is fierce, but the rewards are truly huge.‎ It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. Don’t the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the service they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency — often more than large industrial companies — and the taxman can only be grateful for their massive annual contributions to the exchequer(国库). So who would begrudge them their rewards?‎ It’ s all very well for people in boring jobs to complain about the successes and rewards of others. People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. For every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn. But a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risks. He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top. He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure.But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the payback for the huge risks involved and once he makes it, he will certainly earn them. That’ s the essence of private enterprise.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　明星的生活总是令人羡慕不已。他们的生活中有光鲜的一面：不菲的收入，以豪华汽车和私人飞机代步，一言一行都成为人们关注的焦点……然而，我们也应看到，他们活得很累，他们为成功所付出的艰辛和代价是一般人难以想象的。‎ ‎1．The author develops the passage mainly by ________.‎ A. comparing different ideas B. giving explanations C. inferring D. listing typical examples ‎[解析]　篇章结构题。本文主要通过解释向读者阐明道理。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．The underlined word “begrudge” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A. be jealous of B. be satisfied with C. be anxious about D. be crazy about ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。结合上下文的语境判断本句意为：谁会对他们所得到的感到妒忌、不满呢？接下来作者讲了一般人从事枯燥但稳定的工作，所以这里意思是：从事稳定工作的人会妒忌这些明星。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎3．According to the passage, which of the following can match the view of the author?‎ A. He who laughs last laughs best.‎ B. If you venture nothing, you will gain nothing.‎ C. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.‎ D. Success belongs to the persevering.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，想成为明星就要冒更大的风险，然而一旦成功，回报也是丰厚的，那些选择了稳定工作的人是没有权利期待高额回报的。“If you venture nothing，you will gain nothing.”意为：不入虎穴，焉得虎子，即要成功就要冒险。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎4．The author holds a(n) ________attitude towards the high income of pop stars.‎ A. critical B. approval C. optimistic D. indifferent ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者认为明星们理应得到高收入，因为他们为此付出了高昂的代价。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎5．Which of the following is true according to the passage?‎ A. People are blind in idolizing stars.‎ B. There is fierce competition in becoming pop stars.‎ C. The government taxes pop stars very little.‎ D. Pop stars’ life is more luxurious than that of royalty.‎ ‎[解析]　细节判断题。根据文章最后一段的“He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top.”以及第二段的最后一句可知答案。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎***************************************************结束