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  • 2021-05-13 发布

高考语法强调句含语法填空和短文改错考点透析

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高考英语语法--强调句(含高考语法填空和短文改错考点透析)‎ ‎【高考考点透析】‎ 高考语法填空主要让学生填空,所填的内容是强调句结构“It is (was)+被强调的部分+that(who/whom)+句子的其它成分”中的It或that(who/whom)部分;高考短文改错主要考查强调句结构中的It和that(who/whom)部分的误用。‎ 一.语法填空 ‎【高考真题展示】‎ But like so many other things, it is only too much stress______ does you harm.(2016上海)‎ 答案及解析:that 考查强调句型。句意:但是和别的许多事情一样,仅仅是太多的压力对你造成伤害。本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。‎ ‎【高考题预测】‎ ‎______ was on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?‎ 答案及解析: It 考查强调句型。句意:小船沉没一个月后他是在一个孤岛上被营救的?该句是强调句,被强调部分为on a lonely island,应填It。‎ 二.短文改错 ‎【高考题预测】‎ ‎1.It was in New Zealand where Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.‎ ‎2.It was on January 1st which I paid a visit to my friend Tom.‎ ‎3. It was not until midnight when his father came back.‎ 答案及解析:‎ ‎1.where-that 句意:正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到史密斯先生。此处是It was…that…强调句式,句中强调了地点状语in New Zealand。‎ ‎2. which -that此处是It was…that…强调句式,句中强调了时间状语on January 1st。‎ ‎3. when-that 此处是It was…that…强调句式,被强调部分为not until midnight。‎ ‎【用法讲解】‎ 强调句是一种修辞,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调,从而起到修辞的作用。 英语中常用的强调句结构为:“It is (was)+被强调的部分+that(who/whom)+句子的其它成分”,这种强调句除了不能强调谓语动词外,其它句子成分,如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等都可以强调。‎ 一.强调句的基本用法:‎ I met an old friend in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ ‎1.强调主语 It was I that/who met an old friend in the street yesterday.‎ 昨天是我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ ‎2.强调宾语 It was an old friend that/who/whom I met in the street yesterday.‎ 昨天我在街上遇到的是一位老朋友。‎ ‎3.强调地点状语 It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.‎ 昨天我是在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ ‎4.强调时间状语 It was yesterday that I met an old friend in the street.‎ 是昨天我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ 注意:强调谓语动词的方法:‎ 如果强调谓语动词,要“do/ does/ did+动词原形”‎ I did meet an old friend in the street yesterday.昨天我的确在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ He does like singing. 他确实喜欢唱歌。‎ Do be careful next time, please. ‎ ‎。但谓语动词必须是实义动词,且只能是一般现在时或一般过去时,只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调,译为“的确,确实”。另外,do还可用来强调祈使句,译为“务必,一定”。‎ 下次一定要小心。‎ Do write to me when you get there.你到那儿后务必给我来信。‎ 二.使用强调句注意的几个方面:‎ ‎1.当被强调部分为表示“人”的名词时,可用that或who;其他情况下则只能用that。‎ ‎(注:强调句型中的引导词不可用where,when等。)‎ It was Kate that/who told me about it. 是凯特告诉那件事的。(强调主语)‎ It was Tom that/ who/whom we met at the school gate.我们在门口遇到的是汤姆。 (强调宾语)‎ It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. 是在公园里汤姆丢了他的手表。(强调地点状语)‎ ‎2.强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/ was提前,即:Is/Was it…that…?‎ 否定句在is/ was后加not,即:‎ It is/was not…that…‎ Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? ‎ 第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗?‎ It was not John that/who cleaned the room. 不是约翰打扫的房间。‎ ‎3.强调句的特殊疑问句只需在一般疑问句前加上疑问词,即:特殊疑问词+is (was)it that…?‎ ‎(注:强调句型用于名词性从句时,要用陈述语序。)‎ Who was it that broke the window?打破窗户的是谁?‎ What is it that you want me to do? 你想要我干什么?‎ I don’t know what it is that you want me to do. ‎ 我不知道你要我干什么。‎ ‎4.not…until句型的强调句。其强调句式为:It is/ was not until…that…。‎ ‎(注:not until的强调句和倒装句的区别。)‎ It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed. (强调句)‎ Not until ten o’clock did he go to bed. (倒装句)‎ 直到10点他才去睡觉。‎ It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common. (强调句) Not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks did I find we had a lot in common. (倒装句)‎ 直到我们一起呆了几个星期我才发现我们有许多共同之处。‎ ‎5.强调句型和定语从句、状语从句的区别:‎ 判断是否是强调句型,可把It is/ was…that去掉,把被强调的部分还原到句子中去,无论在语法上还是在意义上都仍然是完整的句子,就是强调句型,否则不是。‎ 比较:‎ It is in the factory that he worked for twenty years. ‎ 是在这个工厂里他工作了20年。(强调句)‎ It is the factory where he worked for twenty years.‎ 这就是他工作了20年的那个工厂。(定语从句)‎ It was at ten o’clock that he came back.‎ 是在十点钟他回来了。(强调句)‎ It was ten o’clock when he came back.‎ 他回来时,时间是十点钟。(时间状语从句)‎ It was two years ago that I began to learn English. ‎ 是两年前我开始学英语的。(强调句)‎ It is two years since I began to learn English. ‎ 我学英语已两年了。(时间状语从句)‎ ‎6. 强调句型中的主谓一致:‎ 被强调的是原句的主语时,要注意that/who后的谓语动词与原句主语保持一致。‎ It is I that am in trouble. 是我陷入了困境。‎ It is you that are wrong. 是你错了。‎ 强调句高考真题 ‎1.It was when I got back to my apartment ______I first came across my new neighbors.(2017·天津) ‎ A. who B. where C. which D. that ‎2.You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel____ the coach picks up tourists.(2016·天津) A. who B. which C. where D. that ‎3.It was when we were returning home _______I realized ‎ what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. (2015 湖南)‎ A. which B. that C. where D. how ‎4.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized. (2015 重庆) ‎ A. while     B. though  C. that D. after ‎5. It was the culture, rather than the language, ______made it hard for him to adapt to the ‎ new environment abroad (2014福建) ‎ A. where B. why C. that D.  what ‎ ‎6. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ______makes life happy. (2014湖南) ‎ A. that B. which C. what D. who ‎ ‎7. Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry? (2014四川) A. why B. who C. where D. that ‎ ‎8. It was only after he had read the papers ______Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. (2013全国) ‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. which D. what ‎ ‎9. It was not until near the end of the letter ______she mentioned her own plan. (2013天津) A. that B. where C. why D. when ‎ ‎10. It was with the help of the local guide ______the mountain climber was rescued.(2013重庆) A. who B. that C. when D. how ‎ ‎11. It was not until I came here ______ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. (2012湖南) ‎ A. who B. that C. where D. before ‎ ‎12. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ______ Zheng sailed to ‎ East Africa. (2012重庆) ‎ A. when B. that C. after D. since ‎ ‎13.It was not until I came here _____I realized this place was famous for not only its ‎ beauty but also its weather. (2012 湖南)‎ A. who              B. that C. where           D. before ‎ ‎14.(2011四川)Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down? ‎ A. where B. that C. which D. what ‎15.(2011陕西)It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _____benefits our work most. ‎ A. who B. which C. that D. what ‎16.(2011重庆)—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?‎ ‎— Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made.‎ A. that B. where C. when D. which ‎17.(2011湖南) It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently A .which B. that C. how D. when ‎ ‎18. (10湖南) John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _____ has made what he is today. A. why B. when C. which D. that ‎ ‎19. (10安徽) It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. ‎ A. where B. that C. when D. which ‎ ‎20. (09浙江) —I’ve read another book this week. ‎ ‎—Well, maybe _______ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. ‎ A. this B. that C. there D. it ‎ ‎21.(09江西)It was _____ he came back from Africa that wear _______ he met the girl he would like to marry. ‎ A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when ‎ ‎22.(08重庆) It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.‎ A. that B. when C. while D. as ‎23.(08全国Ⅱ)It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.‎ A. that B. how C. which D. when ‎24.(08天津)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.‎ ‎ A. how B. which C. that D. where ‎25.(07浙江)It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that ‎26.(07重庆) It is not who is right but what is right is of importance. A. which B. it C. that D. this 答案:1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.D 21.C 22.A 23.A 24.C 25.D 26.C