高考语法强调句含语法填空和短文改错考点透析 4页

高考英语语法--强调句（含高考语法填空和短文改错考点透析）‎ ‎【高考考点透析】‎ 高考语法填空主要让学生填空，所填的内容是强调句结构“It is (was)＋被强调的部分＋that(who/whom)＋句子的其它成分”中的It或that(who/whom)部分；高考短文改错主要考查强调句结构中的It和that(who/whom)部分的误用。‎ 一．语法填空 ‎【高考真题展示】‎ But like so many other things, it is only too much stress______ does you harm.（2016上海）‎ 答案及解析：that 考查强调句型。句意：但是和别的许多事情一样，仅仅是太多的压力对你造成伤害。本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。‎ ‎【高考题预测】‎ ‎______ was on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?‎ 答案及解析： It 考查强调句型。句意：小船沉没一个月后他是在一个孤岛上被营救的？该句是强调句，被强调部分为on a lonely island，应填It。‎ 二．短文改错 ‎【高考题预测】‎ ‎1.It was in New Zealand where Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.‎ ‎2.It was on January 1st which I paid a visit to my friend Tom.‎ ‎3. It was not until midnight when his father came back.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎1.where-that 句意：正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到史密斯先生。此处是It was…that…强调句式，句中强调了地点状语in New Zealand。‎ ‎2. which -that此处是It was…that…强调句式，句中强调了时间状语on January 1st。‎ ‎3. when-that 此处是It was…that…强调句式，被强调部分为not until midnight。‎ ‎【用法讲解】‎ 强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调，从而起到修辞的作用。 英语中常用的强调句结构为：“It is (was)＋被强调的部分＋that(who/whom)＋句子的其它成分”,这种强调句除了不能强调谓语动词外,其它句子成分,如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等都可以强调。‎ 一．强调句的基本用法：‎ I met an old friend in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ ‎1.强调主语 It was I that/who met an old friend in the street yesterday.‎ 昨天是我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ ‎2.强调宾语 It was an old friend that/who/whom I met in the street yesterday.‎ 昨天我在街上遇到的是一位老朋友。‎ ‎3.强调地点状语 It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.‎ 昨天我是在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ ‎4.强调时间状语 It was yesterday that I met an old friend in the street.‎ 是昨天我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ 注意：强调谓语动词的方法：‎ 如果强调谓语动词，要“do/ does/ did+动词原形”‎ I did meet an old friend in the street yesterday.昨天我的确在街上遇到了一位老朋友。‎ He does like singing. 他确实喜欢唱歌。‎ Do be careful next time, please. ‎ ‎。但谓语动词必须是实义动词，且只能是一般现在时或一般过去时，只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，译为“的确，确实”。另外，do还可用来强调祈使句，译为“务必，一定”。‎ 下次一定要小心。‎ Do write to me when you get there．你到那儿后务必给我来信。‎ 二．使用强调句注意的几个方面：‎ ‎1.当被强调部分为表示“人”的名词时，可用that或who；其他情况下则只能用that。‎ ‎（注：强调句型中的引导词不可用where，when等。）‎ It was Kate that/who told me about it. 是凯特告诉那件事的。(强调主语)‎ It was Tom that/ who/whom we met at the school gate.我们在门口遇到的是汤姆。 （强调宾语）‎ It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. 是在公园里汤姆丢了他的手表。(强调地点状语)‎ ‎2.强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/ was提前，即：Is/Was it…that…?‎ 否定句在is/ was后加not，即：‎ It is/was not…that…‎ Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? ‎ 第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？‎ It was not John that/who cleaned the room. 不是约翰打扫的房间。‎ ‎3.强调句的特殊疑问句只需在一般疑问句前加上疑问词，即：特殊疑问词＋is (was)it that…?‎ ‎（注：强调句型用于名词性从句时，要用陈述语序。）‎ Who was it that broke the window?打破窗户的是谁？‎ What is it that you want me to do? 你想要我干什么？‎ I don’t know what it is that you want me to do. ‎ 我不知道你要我干什么。‎ ‎4.not…until句型的强调句。其强调句式为：It is/ was not until…that…。‎ ‎（注：not until的强调句和倒装句的区别。）‎ It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed. （强调句）‎ Not until ten o’clock did he go to bed. （倒装句）‎ 直到10点他才去睡觉。‎ It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common. （强调句） Not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks did I find we had a lot in common. （倒装句）‎ 直到我们一起呆了几个星期我才发现我们有许多共同之处。‎ ‎5.强调句型和定语从句、状语从句的区别：‎ 判断是否是强调句型，可把It is/ was…that去掉，把被强调的部分还原到句子中去，无论在语法上还是在意义上都仍然是完整的句子，就是强调句型，否则不是。‎ 比较：‎ It is in the factory that he worked for twenty years. ‎ 是在这个工厂里他工作了20年。（强调句）‎ It is the factory where he worked for twenty years.‎ 这就是他工作了20年的那个工厂。(定语从句)‎ It was at ten o’clock that he came back.‎ 是在十点钟他回来了。（强调句）‎ It was ten o’clock when he came back.‎ 他回来时，时间是十点钟。（时间状语从句）‎ It was two years ago that I began to learn English. ‎ 是两年前我开始学英语的。（强调句）‎ It is two years since I began to learn English. ‎ 我学英语已两年了。（时间状语从句）‎ ‎6. 强调句型中的主谓一致：‎ 被强调的是原句的主语时，要注意that/who后的谓语动词与原句主语保持一致。‎ It is I that am in trouble. 是我陷入了困境。‎ It is you that are wrong. 是你错了。‎ 强调句高考真题 ‎1.It was when I got back to my apartment ______I first came across my new neighbors.（2017·天津） ‎ A. who B. where C. which D. that ‎2.You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel____ the coach picks up tourists.（2016·天津） A. who B. which C. where D. that ‎3.It was when we were returning home _______I realized ‎ what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. (2015 湖南)‎ A. which B. that C. where D. how ‎4.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized. （2015 重庆） ‎ A. while     B. though  C. that D. after ‎5. It was the culture, rather than the language, ______made it hard for him to adapt to the ‎ new environment abroad （2014福建） ‎ A. where B. why C. that D.  what ‎ ‎6. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ______makes life happy. （2014湖南） ‎ A. that B. which C. what D. who ‎ ‎7. Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry? （2014四川） A. why B. who C. where D. that ‎ ‎8. It was only after he had read the papers ______Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. （2013全国） ‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. which D. what ‎ ‎9. It was not until near the end of the letter ______she mentioned her own plan. （2013天津） A. that B. where C. why D. when ‎ ‎10. It was with the help of the local guide ______the mountain climber was rescued.（2013重庆） A. who B. that C. when D. how ‎ ‎11. It was not until I came here ______ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. （2012湖南） ‎ A. who B. that C. where D. before ‎ ‎12. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ______ Zheng sailed to ‎ East Africa. （2012重庆） ‎ A. when B. that C. after D. since ‎ ‎13.It was not until I came here _____I realized this place was famous for not only its ‎ beauty but also its weather. （2012 湖南）‎ A. who              B. that C. where           D. before ‎ ‎14.(2011四川）Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down? ‎ A. where B. that C. which D. what ‎15.(2011陕西）It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _____benefits our work most. ‎ A. who B. which C. that D. what ‎16.(2011重庆）—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?‎ ‎— Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made.‎ A. that B. where C. when D. which ‎17.(2011湖南) It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently A .which B. that C. how D. when ‎ ‎18. (10湖南) John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _____ has made what he is today. A. why B. when C. which D. that ‎ ‎19. (10安徽) It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. ‎ A. where B. that C. when D. which ‎ ‎20. (09浙江) —I’ve read another book this week. ‎ ‎—Well, maybe _______ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. ‎ A. this B. that C. there D. it ‎ ‎21.(09江西）It was _____ he came back from Africa that wear _______ he met the girl he would like to marry. ‎ A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when ‎ ‎22.(08重庆) It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.‎ A. that B. when C. while D. as ‎23.(08全国Ⅱ)It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.‎ A. that B. how C. which D. when ‎24.(08天津)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.‎ ‎ A. how B. which C. that D. where ‎25.(07浙江)It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that ‎26.(07重庆) It is not who is right but what is right is of importance. A. which B. it C. that D. this 答案：1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.D 21.C 22.A 23.A 24.C 25.D 26.C